12/17/ Better Air Quality, Pre-Event Air Quality Interventions: Improving Air Quality Monitoring Systems in Asian Cities December 04, 2012

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1 Data Management for Taiwan Air Quality Monitoring Network Wen-Jiuan Wei Chih-Ming Chan Dept. of Environmental Monitoring and Information Management EPA, TAIWAN 2012 Better Air Quality, Pre-Event Air Quality Interventions: Improving Air Quality Monitoring Systems in Asian Cities December 04, Introduction (1/2) Environmental monitoring data play an important role in supporting environmental decision-making The task of environmental data management becomes ever more challenging We need a comprehensive and integrated system architecture that can streamline and consolidate the data management processes for environmental monitoring Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 2 1

Introduction (2/2) We present a system architecture using multi-layer layer approach based on the web-based

environmental monitoring Taiwan Air Quality Monitoring Network has been implemented using the proposed system

3 TAIWAN Located in the Western Pacific about 160 km off China s southeast coast, midway between Japan and the

2 Introduction (2/2) We present a system architecture using multi-layer layer approach based on the web-based platform ranging from data collection to applications purpose: streamlining of data management processes for environmental monitoring Taiwan Air Quality Monitoring Network has been implemented using the proposed system architecture Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 3 TAIWAN Located in the Western Pacific about 160 km off China s southeast coast, midway between Japan and the Philippines An area of approximately 36,000 sq. km (about 394 km long and 144 km wide) Total population around 23 million people (average density 621 persons/km 2 ) 2

3 AQM Historical Overview EPAT was founded in 1987, before EPAT, from 1982 to 1986, 19 AQM Stations were established. A Sample of AQM stations, before EPAT was founded, is shown in the picture. Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 5 TAQMN Historical Overview Taiwan Air Quality Monitoring Network Established in 1993 with 66 stations, 2 mobile vans equipped with monitoring facilities, 1 QA/QC Lab A sample of automated and computer aided air quality monitoring stations, built in Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 6 3

TAQMN-2 Project (1/3) Expanded to 76 stations and 6

Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C.

Central 18 Eastern 5 Southern 25 73 Offshore Islands 3

4 TAQMN-2 Project (1/3) Expanded to 76 stations and 6 mobile vans in 2006 A sample of TAQMN-2 stations. Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 7 monitoring stations in various locations Northern 25 Central 18 Eastern 5 Southern Offshore Islands 3 Ambient - 60 Background - 4 Traffic - 6 Industrial - 4 National Park - 2 4

5 TAQMN-2 Project (3/3) Air quality monitoring vehicle now and then Air quality monitoring vehicle in1993 Air quality monitoring vehicle in 2006 Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 9 System Architecture (1/6) Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 10 5

6 System Architecture (2/6) Collection layer comprises a number of apparatuses connecting to a programmable logic controller (PLC), forming the front line for data collection and gathering an on-site database dedicated to storing these data, converting them into XML format adopts a series of open standards such as HTTP and TCP/IP for connecting monitoring apparatuses and IT devices Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 11 System Architecture (3/6) Transmission layer apply virtual private network (VPN) technology which integrates with the comprehensive firewall and router features It supports connection for a secure data transmission over the Internet use Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) technology as a data transmission platform that bridges the collection layer and manipulation layer Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 12 6

7 System Architecture (4/6) Manipulation layer When data is gathered from the monitoring sites, it moves through the staging server along with an intermediary store In this area, we examine collected data, perform the various functions for data quality assurance and resolve inconsistencies Once the data is finally prepared, it will temporarily reside in the intermediary data stores waiting to be loaded into the monitoring database Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 13 System Architecture (5/6) Storage layer consists of a commercial database management system (DBMS) along with a set of toolkits to maintain the metadata for monitoring data in order to provide data services more efficiently and widely, this layer may also aggregate data and functionalities from other sources such as the meteorological offices which may provide data on environmental resources in particular weather forecast information Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 14 7

System Architecture (6/6) Application layer provides a number of applications and services for data retrieval, analysis, as well as data dissemination a variety of advanced applications such as data

8 System Architecture (6/6) Application layer provides a number of applications and services for data retrieval, analysis, as well as data dissemination a variety of advanced applications such as data mining and data visualization can also be attached as part of the systems service oriented applications can be added, examples like mobile device apps, or text t message subscriptions on critical air quality condition etc. Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 15 Results and lesson learned The country map displays the current PSI value of each region The data is updated hourly Users can select a region to view detailed data Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 16 8

9 When the region of KaoPing is selected for viewing, all detailed measurements of the stations in the region are displayed Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 17 When user selects a specific monitoring station, data from the past 24 hours will be displayed using a Java-based graphic interface Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 18 9

10 the location of each station and the images for the surrounding status can also be displayed using a GIS-based toolkit Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 19 GIS with wind speed and wind direction 10

11 An interface for data access data has been aggregated over time functions provided for data to be inquired or downloaded Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN 21 service oriented applications publish free UV Index Taiwan apps for mobile device (on Andriod and ios platform) Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN 22 11

12 Challenges (1/6) Since 1995, the primary pollutants decrease except for O 3 and PM 10, the challenge is to conduct lower concentration monitoring and to find ways to decrease the concentration of O 3 and PM 10 Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 23 Challenges(2/6) PM 2.5 monitoring is essential to human health. On 14 May 2012, Taiwan government has published the PM 2.5 pollution standards. We will need to conduct chemical and weighing concentration monitoring for PM 2.5 Since the primary pollutants decreases, the cross-boarder pollution increases in terms of percentage. The northeast monsoon upstream of Asia sent pollutants to Taiwan. Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C

Challenges(3/6) an example of cross-boarder sand storm occurred in 2010 affected Taiwan

25 Challenges(4/6) Climate change has been a great challenge.

In Taiwan we have experienced heavy rain replaces drizzle in summer.

13 Challenges(3/6) an example of cross-boarder sand storm occurred in 2010 affected Taiwan greatly Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 25 Challenges(4/6) Climate change has been a great challenge. We need dto observe the changes and adopting it accordingly. In Taiwan we have experienced heavy rain replaces drizzle in summer. Mudslide can wash earth downstream. In certain weather condition, wind sweeps the mud along river streams and causes dust to fly. Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C

Challenges(5/6) In order to prevent dust flying on riverside, we added PM 10 monitoring device on locations that have been affected the most Environmental Protection

27 Challenges(6/6) Information technology is changing rapidly, how to integrate environmental monitoring technology with cloud technology to provide efficient

14 Challenges(5/6) In order to prevent dust flying on riverside, we added PM 10 monitoring device on locations that have been affected the most Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 27 Challenges(6/6) Information technology is changing rapidly, how to integrate environmental monitoring technology with cloud technology to provide efficient information delivery is our future challenges. Recently Taiwan EPA completed the project of data-center consolidation. We built two remote data-centers t and successfully transferred the TAQMN servers to one of the remote datacenter (Taipei Dong-chi Center). Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C

15 Conclusions replaces conventional data acquisition system (DAS) with an open standards web-based server making monitoring work more flexible provides a platform for automatically tracking data lineage while monitoring workflow execution supports tasks to systematically collect diverse monitoring data requires minimal modifications to migrate existing monitoring systems improves the scalability of environmental monitoring projects, in terms of both ease of adding and modifying components in each layer Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C. 29 Thank you! wjwei@epa.gov.tw cmchan@epa.gov.tw Environmental Protection Administration, TAIWAN, R.O.C

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