The Management of Transboundary Movement of Waste in China. Lixia Zheng Basel Convention Regional Centre for Asia and the Pacific

Transcription

1 The Management of Transboundary Movement of Waste in China Lixia Zheng Basel Convention Regional Centre for Asia and the Pacific

2 OUTLINE Import & export management system of solid waste Progress of regulations and policies Import and export status of waste 4 Conclusion & Suggestion

3 Import management system of waste Import management policy &regulation system of waste Regulations for the Implementation of the law on Import and Export Commodity Inspection Foreign Trade Law &Regulation on the Admini stration of the Import and Export of Goods Environmental Protection Law Basel Convention Criminal Law Customs Law Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste Administrative Measures for the Import of Solid Waste Environmental Protection Control Standard for Import Waste Catalog of Import Waste Management Other related Technological regulations Automatic Import Import Restriction Prohibited from Importation Regulations on environmental protection and management of imported waste Take-back & Punishment Examination and approval of import &Supervision and management after Import 3

4 Import management system of waste Import of Solid Waste is divided into 3 types: Prohibited importation; 12 categories, 94 types of wastes listed in Catalog of Solid Waste Prohibited from Importation-Catalogue for the Administration of the Import of Solid Waste (2015) Restricted importation; 10 categories, 55 types of wastes listed in Catalog of Solid Waste that Can Be Used as Raw Materials under Import Restrictions-Catalogue for the Administration of the Import of Solid Waste (2015) Automatic importation; 2 categories, 18 types of wastes listed in Catalog of Solid Waste that Can Be Used as Raw Material under Automatic Import Licensing-Catalogue for the Administration of the Import of Solid Waste (2015) 4

5 Import management system of waste Import of Hazardous Waste is prohibited National Hazardous Waste Inventory is formulated Chinese National Hazardous Waste Catalogue was developed in accordance Annex I in Basel Convention on the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal, and include all the list of Annex I and 4 extra types. 5

6 Import administration of waste Inter-sector collaboration Import administration of waste: multi-sector supervision MEP Ministry of Commerce Development and Reform Commission Customs Quality supervision Information exchange mechanism China Inspection and Quarantine (CIQ) 6

7 Import management system of waste Whole progress supervision -- Quality supervision Foreign supplier Pre-shipment inspection Domestic consignee Import permit Port inspection Processing and utilization Return, environmentally sound treatment Subsequent supervision 7

8 Import management system of Waste According to national environmental control standards Scope of supervision According to the mandatory requirements of national environmental control standards and other technical spicifications Supplier/ Consignee registration Pre-shipment inspection Pre-shipment inspection Subsequent supervision Legal processing enterprises Pre-shipment inspection Statistic analysis Flow of qualified goods legal processing enterprises Disposal of disqualified goods return, environmentally sound treatment 8

9 Examination & Approval of Hazardous Waste Export In accordance with Basel Convention and Administrative Measures for Examination and Approval of the Export of Hazardous Wastes, MEP of China is responsible for examination and approval of applications for export of hazardous wastes, and conduct the relevant supervision and administration. Examination and approval of applications for export of hazardous wastes includes 5 steps: Accepting the application -- Examination of application documents -- Preliminary decision -- Pre-notification Procedure( Solicit opinions from Import and transit countries ) -- Final Approval.

10 OUTLINE Import & export management system of solid waste Progress of regulations and policies Import and export status of waste 4 Conclusion & Suggestion

11 Progress of regulations and policies Newly enacted regulations 12/2012 Risk regulatory guidelines on imported solid waste as raw materials 1/2013 Environmental protection management regulation on imported waste plastic 2/2013 Notification on carrying out special rectification work on imported solid wastes 6/2013 Principle of clearance at the nearby port in Canton Province Adjustment of Imported Waste Management Catalogue

12 Progress of regulations and policies Proposed policies Notification of cancel, handed over administrative examination and approval of imported solid wastes as raw materials Environmental protection management regulations on solid wastes imported as raw materials Environmental protection management regulation on imported waste paper Guidance on management of processing and utilization parks

13 OUTLINE Import & export management system of solid waste Progress of regulations and policies Import and export status of waste 4 Conclusion & Suggestion

14 Import status of solid waste ( ) China Import Waste Year Total Amount (Million Tons) Total Value (Billion USD) Year Mainly types of import wastes 2013 waste paper, waste plastic, waste ironware, scale cinder, ferrous waste, waste ships, aluminium scrap and waste copper waste paper, waste plastic, waste ironware, scale cinder, aluminium scrap, waste ships and waste copper. -Source: Solid Waste and Chemicals Center, MEP

15 单位 ( 万吨 ) Unit (10 kilotons) Import status of solid waste ( ) Top 10 provenance countries/regions of waste imports: respective share in total of China waste imports: (by quantity) 2013 年 2014 年

16 Import status of solid waste ( ) Continents of waste imports: respective share in total of China waste imports 2013 and 2014(by quantity) 2013 年 2014 年 4.02% 2.16% 0.80% 4.22% 1.97% 0.83% 22.43% 35.05% 35.54% 北美洲 (North America) 亚洲 (Asia) 欧洲 (Europe) 大洋洲 (Oceania) 拉丁美洲 (Latin America) 非洲 (Africa) 23.26% 33.78% 35.94% 北美洲 (North America) 亚洲 (Asia) 欧洲 (Europe) 大洋洲 (Oceania) 拉丁美洲 (Latin America) 非洲 (Africa)

17 Approved exports of hazardous waste ( ) Year (Jan. to Aug. ) HW Export Notifications 10 Issued 11 granted Total Amount (Tons) Types of waste Countries of destination electroplating sludge, waste organic solvent, waste PCBs, common e-waste, waste batteries, etc. Germany, Singapore, Belgium, Korea, Japan and Australia -Source: Solid Waste and Chemicals Center, MEP waste organic solvent, waste PCBs, etc. Germany, Singapore and Belgium.

18 OUTLINE Import & export management system of solid waste Progress of regulations and policies Import and export status of waste 4 Conclusion & Suggestion

19 Conclusion Features of Import management system in China: The import management system is comparatively complete, include special Act & corresponding regulations. The system is divided into several sub-systems: System of classified management: divided into Prohibited importation, Restricted importation, Automatic importation according to the properties and degree of recycling of the import wastes; System of Catalogue for the Administration of the Import of Solid Waste; Import license system Enclosed management system -The state shall encourage the processing and utilization of solid waste restricted from import within the established parks under enclosed management of imported waste. Inspection and quarantine system Customs management system Report system Anyone have the right to report the violation of import management procedure of solid waste and the act of pollution created by solid waste importation to environmental protection departments at various levels, Department of Commerce, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Customs and Entry-exit inspection and quarantine department 19

20 Conclusion Problems of Import management system in China: Lack of distinction standard between used and waste equipment including distinction standard between WEEE and UEEE; Insufficient of enforcement communication and cooperation on waste importation management for environmental protection authorities and Customs, for environmental protection authorities and commerce authorities, etc. Big workload of management and supervision of waste importation to local and national managers. Lack of implementation of Basel Convention take-back system of illegal waste shipments for customs officers. Insufficient capacity of imported waste identification. Lack of technology and knowledge for customs inspection. The technical guidelines on transboundary movements of electronic and electrical waste and used electrical and electronic equipment is a challenge to import management of e-waste in China.

21 Suggestion -- management needs Oversight of informal sectors need to be enhanced to prevent the illegal import of waste. Regulation on import of used and waste need to be coordinated for consistence; Standards and capacity on waste identification and WEEE/UEEE distinction need to be established or improved. Multi-agency coordination need to be facilitated among environmental protection, quality inspection, customs and other departments. Customs enforcement capacity such as knowledge and skills on waste inspection, identification and take-back implementation need to be enhanced, through training workshops and specific guidance. Consistent take-back procedures should be promoted and implemented to ensure successful return of the illegal waste shipments to origin countries. International cooperation such as joint verification and information exchange need to be strengthened to prevent the illegal traffic of waste.

22 Thanks for your attention! Lixia Zheng Program Officer Basel Convention Regional Centre for Asia and the Pacific Stockholm Convention Regional Centre for Capacity-building and the Transfer of Technology in Asia and the Pacific Tel: Fax: bccc@tsinghua.edu.cn 本报告版权属于巴塞尔公约亚太地区协调中心