What is LCA good for? What is LCA good for? What Is Your LCA For? How Far Do You Want To Go? Life Cycle Analysis

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1 Life Cycle Analysis What is LCA good for? Jeremy Faludi What Is Your LCA For? How Far Do You Want To Go? What is LCA good for? Telling the backstory Identifying the biggest impacts Materials, processes, components, systems Enables informed decision-making and company policies Establishing a baseline for improvement Guiding product & process development Scenario modeling Supporting product certification 3 4

2 Do You Trust The Analysis? Arlene Birt s Background Stories Product-specific data vs. industry avg. Prepared by experienced practitioner ISO 14040, SCS-002 (emerging) 3rd-party verified images courtesy backgroundstories.com 5 6 Identifying Biggest Impacts 7 8

3 Identifying Biggest Impacts Establishing Baselines, Guiding Development 9 10 Measuring Impacts Measuring Impacts Eco-Indicator PRé (Dutch) TRACI (Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts) US EPA EDIP (Environmental Design of Industrial Products) Danish EPA EIOLCA (Carnegie Mellon) IPCC Greenhouse Gas Emissions Ecological Rucksack 11 12

4 Measuring Impacts Measuring Impacts TRACI (Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts) measures: Resource depletion Ecosystem health Human health fossil fuels climate change carcinogens & human toxicity acid rain ecotoxicity water eutrophication ionizing radiation stratospheric ozone habitat destruction smog particulates Eco-Indicator 99 (by Pré) measures: Resource depletion Ecosystem quality Human health fossil fuels water eutrophication carcinogens minerals water acidification respiratory organics ecotoxicity respiratory inorganics land use (incl. bulk rsrc.) climate change stratospheric ozone ionizing radiation Hair Dryer (Standard Model) LCA impacts by category Comparing Apples & Oranges 15 16

5 Comparing Apples & Oranges Doing LCA Eco-Indicator PRé (Dutch) TRACI (Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts) US EPA EDIP (Environmental Design of Industrial Products) Danish EPA EIOLCA (Carnegie Mellon) IPCC Greenhouse Gas Emissions Ecological Rucksack Doing LCA Boundaries Determine system boundaries. Determine product life, functional unit Gather all product data Materials, masses Processes Transportation Energy use (estimate) End of life Compute and compare product impacts Interpret results 19 20

6 Product Life, Functional Unit Gather Product Data Compute, Compare Impacts Manual Calculation 23 image courtesy IDSA.org 24

7 Manual Calculation Manual Calculation Software Desktop: SimaPro - PRé ECO-it - PRé GaBi - PE International EIOLCA - Carnegie Mellon IDEMAT - Delft University LCAiT - Chalmers Industriteknik Umberto - IFU Hamburg ATHENA - Athena Institute BEES - First Environment LISA ECO-BAT Envest EQUER Web-based: Greenfly Sustainable Minds SolidWorks plugin: SustainabilityXpress 27 28

8 29 30 Interpret Results 31 32

9 Hair Dryer (Standard Model) LCA impacts by component Hair Dryer (Standard Model) Product vs. packaging Sankey Diagram packaging is ~1% of current impact 35 36

10 Hair Dryer (Standard Model) LCA impacts by life-cycle stage heavy usage: 10min/day for 5yrs Hair Dryer (Standard Model) LCA impacts by life-cycle stage light usage: 2min/day for 5yrs Hair Dryer (Standard Model) LCA impacts, recycling vs. landfill landfill scenario Hair Dryer (Standard Model) LCA impacts, recycling vs. landfill recycling scenario (motor and case) 39 40

11 Hair Dryer (35% Lighter) LCA impacts by component Hair Dryer (35% Lighter) LCA of Lighter compared to Standard Model Lighter Standard Scenario Modeling 43 44

12 Straightener & Packaging (product pictured is NOT the product analyzed) Straightener & Packaging packaging is ~5% of production impact (less for recycled PVC) Straightener Alternative packaging replace PVC with card-stock (eliminate 2/3 of the impact) or corrugated board (eliminate 40% of the impact)

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