FROM MDGS TO SDGS: LESSON LEARNED AND CHALLENGES

Transcription

1 FROM MDGS TO SDGS: LESSON LEARNED AND CHALLENGES

2 FROM MDGS TO SDGS: FROM 8 TO 17 GOALS INTEGRATED AGENDA, INTERCONNECTED GOALS

3 FROM MDGS TO SDGS: AN AMBITIOUS TRANSFORMATION From 60 indicators to 230 indicators (UNStats, March 2016)

4 NEW GOALS IN SDGS

5 FUNDAMENTAL DIMENSION OF SDGS Source: President Staff Office, Nugroho (2015) q People: human right-based principle, inclusiveness, anti-discrimination q Planet: sustainable principle for future generation q Peace: support for peace and justice, no fear and violence q Prosperity: make sure that all can have prosperous life q Partnership: cooperation from all stakeholders (government, civil society, academicians, private sectors and philantrophic societies) in all countries (incl. developed countries)

6 MAPPING SDGS IN THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AGENDA qin general, SDG s goals and targets are already aligned in the RPJMN qin particular, SDG s goals that have high resemblance with the RPJMN are goal #1(poverty), #3 (health), #4 (education), #6 (water and sanitation), and #7 (energy). qon the other hand, limited discussion in the RPJMN in regards to goal #5 (gender), #8 (inclusive growth), #12 (sustanaible production and consumption).

7 MAPPING (2) Nawacita RPJMN SDGs 1 Returning state to its task protecting all citizens Ch 6.1 Gs 3,10,16,17 2 Clean, effective, trusted, and democratic governance Ch 6.2 All goals (Nugroho, 2015) G 16 (UNDP, 2015) 3 Development of peripheral areas Ch 6.3 Gs Reforming law enforcement agencies Ch 6.4 All goals (Nugroho, 2015) Gs (UNDP, 2015) 5 Improve quality of life Ch 6.5 Gs 2,3,4,6 (Nugroho,2015) Gs 1-6 (UNDP, 2015) 6 Increasing productivity and competitiveness Ch 6.6 Gs Promoting economic indepence Ch 6.7 Gs 1-5,8,9,12 (Nugroho,2015) Gs 1-5,8,9,12-15 (UNDP, 2015) 8 Overhauling the character of nation Ch 6.8 Gs 3-4,11 9 Strengthening the spirit unity in diversity and social reform Source: President Staff Office, Nugroho (2015) and UNDP (2015) Ch 6.9 Gs 5,10,16,17

8 WHAT LEFT POST-MDGS Accomplished (7 indicators) Extreme poverty rate Gender gap in literacy and education access Malaria and TB mortality rate Water and sanitation sustainable access in urban Etc. Likely to be accomplished (30 indicators) Poverty severity U5 underweight prevalence Primary school net enrollment rates Women political participation Skilled birth attendance Etc. Unlikely to be accomplished (14 indicators) National poverty rate Infant and U5 mortality rates Maternal mortality rate HIV prevalence CO2 emission Water and sanitation access in rural Urban poverty Etc. Source: Bappenas (2015)

9 SDGS INDICATOR FRAMEWORK DEVELOPMENT A robust review mechanism for the implementation of the new 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development will require a solid framework of indicators and statistical data to monitor progress, inform policy and ensure accountability of all stakeholders (UNStats, 2016) q In doing so, the UNStats established the Inter-Agency Expert Group on SDG indicators (IAEG-SDGs) to develop an indicator framework for the monitoring of the goals and targets of SDGs at the global level, and to supports its implementation q As of March 2016, the IAEG-SDGs constructed final list of 241 indicators, in which 9 indicators repeat under two/three different targets, leaving the actual individual indicators of 230. q The indicators will be classified into three tiers: a) 1st tier:established methodology exists and data are already widely available b) 2nd tier: a methodology has been established but for which data are not easily avalaible c) 3rd tier: an internationally agreed methodology has not yet been developed

10 WHAT DID WE LEARN FROM MDGS? q The sync of the global development agenda to the development planning agenda at the national and sub-national level à the sooner the better only in 2007 the national government released the MDGs second progress report that accommodate the sync of MDGs to the RPJMN, and poverty alleviation strategy (SNPK) Sub-national cases: 1) NTB: the sync of MDGs to the RPJMD and sub-national poverty alleviation strategy (SPKD); 2) North Sulawesi: Governor Decree on poverty alleviation coordination team, MDGs achievement acceleration, and climate change mitigation in 2011; mainstreaming MDGs into provincial RPJMD and poverty alleviation strategy

11 WHAT DID WE LEARN? (2) q Monitoring and evaluation Data availability, even available, validity and reability are other problems Data gap in the national and sub-national level Disaggregated data by gender/age are not available Access to the data pooling/sources is not easy à role of local BPS office? Survey/census time interval are too long Commitment of M&E team Lack of technical capacity q Weak vertical and horizontal coordination Vertical coordination: national-subnational Horizontal coordination: across sectoral agencies, both in the national and sub-national level q Financing: fiscal constraint particularly at the sub-national level q Participation: civil society, media q Socialisation

12 WHAT ARE THE CHALLENGES? q Implementation challenges will not only at the global and national level, but also at the sub-national level, especially in a decentralisation setting. Sub-national government face complex challenges but have limited capacity to cope q General implementation challenges are include: How to involve and how to engage all? How to bring together government and society? SDGs requires significant resources (public and private, national and international), but how to create a buy-in by financial institutions to finance it? How do we make resource allocation and coordination? How do we build accountability? And make all stakeholders accountable? How do we make difficult trade-offs? How do prioritise from a bunch of targets and indicators? How do we work with competing interests?

13 THE CHALLENGES (2) q In particular with goals #1, #8, and #10, SMERU (2015) indicates following challenges: Goal #1 on poverty ü global economic downturn and political cycle ü Low access to quality education and nutrition ü Lack of pro-poor policies Goal #8 on decent work ü High proportion of informal sector in the economy ü Low quality and competitiveness of Indonesian workers ü High youth unemployment ü Low workers social security and protection Goal #10 on inequality ü Limited policies in addressing inequality ü Persistent interregion inequality and disparity ü Inequality of opportunities ü Low access to productive assets ü Gender inequality

14 WHAT ARE CHALLENGES IN MONITORING SDGS? q Data definition and measurement à data quality? ü Measurement and threshold changes ü Multidimensional poverty ü inequality measurement q Data availability ü Poverty database and its updates ü Disaggregated data ü Data scattered across ministries and institutions/agencies q How do we set the baseline? How do we measure and monitor progress and results (output vs outcome)? How do we monitor abstract/intangible targets and indicators? q How to utilise big data?

15 WHAT ARE POLICY ANTICIPATION? ---OPEN FOR DISCUSSION--

16 Further queries, please contact: Athia YUMNA