Processing of High Performance Thermoplastic Composites

Transcription

1 Processing of High Performance Thermoplastic Composites Spring Semester L Manufacturing of Polymer Composites Joanna Wong 23 March

2 Outline Introduction to Thermoplastic Composites Materials in Thermoplastic Composites Basics of Thermoplastic Composite Processing Intermediate Materials for Thermoplastic Composites Processes for Thermoplastic Composites Joining Techniques Recycling

3 Joining Techniques

4 Joining Techniques The chemistry of thermoplastic polymers are not ideal for adhesives Adhesives are thermosetting polymers that need reactive groups Thermoplastic need difficult approaches to joining due to lack of reactive sites

5 Welded Joints Welding involves heating (melting) the thermoplastic polymer at the interface of two structures and applying pressure so that the polymer chains entwine to form a strong bond Most common methods of welding: Induction welding (carbon only) Resistance welding Ultrasonic welding

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7 Thermoplastic Composite Welding

8 Welded Joints Fokker s Butt-Jointed T-stiffeners 15-30% cheaper than carbon/epoxy

9 Welded Joints

10 Welded Joints

11 Mechanical Fasteners Welding is only suitable for a limited combination of thermoplastic composite materials Hybrid structures, such as those with metal and composite components, will require different joining techniques

12 Mechanical Fasteners

13 Mechanical Fasteners

14 Mechanical Fasteners

15 Outline Introduction to Thermoplastic Composites Materials in Thermoplastic Composites Basics of Thermoplastic Composite Processing Intermediate Materials for Thermoplastic Composites Processes for Thermoplastic Composites Joining Techniques Recycling

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18 Recycling Yang, Boom, Irion, Heerden, Kuiper, de Wit, Recycling of composite materials, Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification (2012), 51,

19 Recycling of Thermoset Composites Recyling requires the separation of fibre and matrix Mechanical Thermal Chemical

20 Thermoset Composites: Mechanical Recycling Yang, Boom, Irion, Heerden, Kuiper, de Wit, Recycling of composite materials, Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification (2012), 51,

21 Thermoset Composites: Thermal Recycling

22 Thermoset Composite: Chemical Recycling Solvents used to dissolve polymer and reclaim fibers, may also recuperate polymer monomers through depolymerization Organic solvents, acids, supercritical fluids Solvents may not be environmentally friendly Not easy to recover pure components (oils, monomers)

23 Thermoplastic Composite Recycling Thermoplastic polymers allow for two additional routes Grinding/Pelletizing for injection moulding Reforming

24 Mechanical Grinding/Pelletizing Schinner, Brandt, Richter (1996) Recycling Carbon-Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 9,

25 Mechanical Grinding/Pelletizing Schinner, Brandt, Richter (1996) Recycling Carbon-Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 9,

26 Mechanical Grinding/Pelletizing Schinner, Brandt, Richter (1996) Recycling Carbon-Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 9,

27 Mechanical Grinding/Pelletizing Mechanical wear of blades Produces harmful carbon dust

28 Electrical Recycling Roux, Eguemann, Dransfeld, Thiebaud, Perreux (2015) Thermoplastic carbon fibre-reinforced polymer recycling with electrodynamical fragmentation: From cradle to cradle, J. Thermoplastic Composite Materials,

29 Thermoplastic Composite Reforming Schinner, Brandt, Richter (1996) Recycling Carbon-Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 9, Recycling by reforming seem to allow the original material properties to be retained

30 Recycling Thermoplastic composites allow for more recycling routes Recycling is an important political issue Not widely embraced by researcher yet

31 Thank you for your attention Please say for a short informative presentation about the final exam