Vol.30 No Í 4 Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection Apr ĐÅ : TG174 Ú : A ²Ù : «

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1 Ð 0 Ð Vol.0 No. 010 Í Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection Apr Æ Re NiCrAlY Ü Þ» ¼ ¾¾ ¹ º ( Õ «Õ«¾ ) ± :»Ó ÒÛ NiCrAlYRe NiCrAlY  ÝÄ ÙÅ Â γ -Ni Al γ-ni β- NiAl α-cr Ñ NiCrAlYRe  Re Í ½ α-cr Ñ Re ÊØ α-cr Ñ Â Â α-cr» ÕÐ Á/Â Ñ Â Re α-cr ½ Re α-cr α-al O ºËÌ Ú Ù Á ± Á Ù± NiCrAlY  ² Ê Re NiCrAlY  %Na SO + 10%K SO Ó Ù ÐÊ Ù Ó ÒÛ (AIP) Ý : NiCrAlY ĐÅ : TG17 Ú : A ²Ù : « MCrAlY Á M ± Fe Ni Æ/ CoÅ ¹ ±¾ «Ï «Ø É Íµ±» Ø É»Å Á ÞÇ Ô É²ÒØ µµ [1] MCrAlY Á Al Ý α-al O À Á Ï É Al ½³º º Ä Á ÛË ÏÜ» Á ¹ Cr «Ø É α- Al O À Đ ºÐ Al ½³ Å ¹ Y ºÖÉ É α-al O À Ý [] ÁÉ Á ± À À É [,] ¼ Y Á Ü º³ Ð ÛÐ Ä Ð µá ««Ø É Ç Á Y ½³ ؼ 1 mass% Š˵ ¼ MCrAlY Á «Ï É Ú Þµ ³¹ Clemens [5] Šе Si Þ NiCrAlY Ô ÞË ²Ò Ï Si Þ Ô º Ø º À 1% % Si À «É Ú Åе Ti Zr Hf Ta Þ MCrAlY Á Ï ÞË ²Ò [6] ÂÚ ¹Þ MCrAlY Á «Ï É ¹ ØË ÖÙ Czech [7,8] Åе Re Þ NiCoCrAlY Á Ï ÞË ²Ò ¹ÌÁ Re µá ß : µ³ : É, ÆÆ197 Πƹ Æ Đ Æ Đ ÖÍ Ã Ë µ³ : É Æ hwei@imr.ac.cn Ï É Ø È Ý º à Á ¹ÚÜË É Re Ôµ NiCoCrAlY Á β Ð µ ÂÁ Ä Ø ÓË Ä Ë Í ¹³ Re Þ MCrAlY Á Ø ÞË²Ò Å Ð Å Ò ÑÚ µ NiCrAlY NiCrAlYRe Á ÑÅе %Re Þ NiCrAlY Á Ø ÞË ²Ò Ð MIP-8-800AIP ÜÒ ÑÚ Á Ç DD Û Ï Ô mass%åë Ni-.5Cr-9.0Co-6.0Al-8.5W-1.8Mo -1.6 Nb-.0Ta-.9 Re-0.15C ÔÜÃ ß Û φ15 mm Ü Ï Ï Â 600 ³ µ Ü Æ Ã (mass%) Ë Ni-Cr-8Al-0.5Y- Re Ni-Cr-8Al-0.5Y ÉÁ 900 Ã Ä h ¾ ¼ Ï Ô Ø ² 90% Na SO +10%K SO Á ± º Á ³ 1 mg/cm» Á ² ¼ È ÞÞ Ø ÏÜ 900 Þ Ë 5 Ô ÓÁ «³ Ô ÛÁ X ««XRDÅ ÔÁ Ð ± Õ JSM-601F Ü «Ò ß SEMÅÍÉ EDXÅÅÐ Õ

2 P Ch : Re { NiCrAlY J6u {Te'o %K SO _dt! H b c S NiCrAlYRe NiCrAlY I5 ` xk tl <d NiCrAlYRe I5%Cu / %Na SO +10%K SO _ 70 h <dm lyt. >dlj H 1a I5d TEM F (y> I NiCrAlYRe I5 ` FN :p II5dw GV Rg / 100 y>f E `l+ ~ NiCrAlY I5%C(~Æ nm 500 nm S\ ~I5iCe C^5jj" H VQ(8aT '8 j X &b ` 1b P1T v s f;xu"f > <S 50 Æu& d#9l f QOLI5f µm NiCrAlYRe I5_ /ly' t -' XRD l ^%F NiCrAlYRe I5%C ( EDX z sz ^ a8jd Cr Æ 9 g S α-al O 'd Cr O ~ NiCrAlY Uf d Re Ni Æ %F % ) ' Re Ni d I5%C 9 S α-al O NiO Cr O H α-cr l ~ NiCrAlY I5_V(8a 'd α-cr SEM (8%C g NiCrAlYRe I5%CyA l (F Re Qs) α-cr I5_d^I Zh )YBd EH Clj H a ~ NiCrAlY I5 b α-cr l ii5dtyha$ s~ %CY1 m A)lj jd&b 9 i EHI5S\*tYHa$.\X[ d$ H b EDX j-e &b 9 Al Cr! $ = I5d E Q XRD l ^je &bi5 * γ -Ni Al γ-ni β-nial α-cr )l"a EPMA 5-p%F I5_ b5-d Wx /"f > V *0 Cr 1': 0O? I5/O?lCLIg Cr 1'dt *0I5_ d Y Wx7i ~nm9m W B"8 Y 8O kr!~h_v I Y d /nk H a NiCrAlYRe I %Na SO +10%K SO _dt r! nk I5 t HdE J< l \d < I5E eaz. 00 h < I5E W 5 mg/cm ~I5ys FftdE.6 _ rpr! ex Re dz Fe= ) NiCrAlY I5 90%Na SO + e $ [7,8] 5 mass change /mg cm - (a) 90%Na SO +10 %K SO 900 o C NiCrAlY NiCrAlYRe time /h Fig. Corrosion kinetics (a) of NiCrAlY and NiCrAlYRe coatings, covered with 90%Na SO +10% Fig.1 Surface (a) and section (b) morphology of NiCrAlYRe coatings after 900 treatment / h heat K SO, and oxidized at 900 in air, and the general appearance of (b) NiCrAlYRe and (c) NiCrAlY after 70 h corrosion

3 15 ¾ 0 O, ± Ë α-al O Cr O ¾ Ä EDX µ Ni O Æ Í Al Cr Æ ± ¾ Ë NiO Á ÇÄ Ü Ù NiCrAlY Á %Na SO +10%K SO 70 h Ý ĐÀ 5 Ç Á µ Ø ± Ý µ À Ƚ µ ³ ¼ EDX ¹± ¼ Cr Ý ¹»Ô± Å À È Al O Á ¼ Å ± À Ô S ÕÁ Ƚ Ø ² Á ± Ý Ê Re µ NiCrAlY Á %Na SO +10 %K SO Ø «Ëµ b a - -Al O -NiO -Cr O -coating substrate / o Fig. XRD patterns of NiCrAlYRe (a) and NiCrAlY (b) coatings, covered with 90%Na SO +10% K SO and corroded at 900 for 70 h ¼ÅÐ Re Á Ø º Ø È NiCrAlYRe Á 90%Na SO +10%K SO Ø 50 h XPS ± Ë Cr Al À 6Å ¹ Ni Ì Ç Á ± µ ±¾ À XPS ½ Ê Á½¹Å³ ReO ICP-AES Þܺ NiCrAlYRe Á ƽ³ Þ ½¹.6 mg/l Re Ò Na SO Æ Na SO ÏÌ Na SO =Na O+SO ¼Ã Na O SO ÅÜ Na SO ¹¼ Æ ÀÅ Na SO Ä À NiCrAlYRe NiCrAlY Á Ø À ± Ý µ α-al O À Ô ± ß ÅÜ ¼ ÅÜ ¼ º À Ç Ý ¼ ¼¼ Á SO Na O ÅÜ Na SO ± Á  ± Al O Na SO Ä Al O +O =AlO  ßÞ Al O À AlO Na SO / ÐÐ Na SO Ì AlO =Al O +O AlO Na SO / ÐÐ Û Á Al O Ð º ¼ È Â Á ºÝ Þ Á ± À µ MCrAlY Á Cr ˵ Á «Ø É ¼ Cr O Na SO ¹ Ü Cr O Al O Ì Cr O µ ¾ Na SO ͵ Al O Cr O ßÞ Đ [9] Cr O +Na O+ /O (g)=na Cr O 7 Cr O ܺ Ö ¹³ Á Ïܹ³ Ô± ß ¼ ÌÐÈ ÏÜ Ü Ç Cr O À/ß Ð Ä Ü Fig. Surface morphologies of (a) NiCrAlYRe and (b) NiCrAlY coatings corroded with covered 90% Na SO +10%K SO for 70 h at 900 in air Fig.5 Cross-sectional back-scattered election images of the NiCrAlY coating, covered with 90%Na SO +10%K SO and corroded at 900 for 70 h

4 È : Re ß NiCrAlY  ٠ßÌ ³Ó 15 (a) O(kll) Na(1s) O(1s) Cr(p) Al(s) N(1s) Ar(1p) Al(p) Na(kll) binding energy /ev (b) ReO (f5/) ReO (f7/) 6 0 binding energy /ev Fig.6 XPS survey spectra of the top surface corrosion products formed on the NiCrAlYRe coating after corroded with covered 90%Na SO +10%K SO for 50 h at 900 Ø¼ß / Ð ß ÌÐÈ Cr O Ü Ü Cr O ºÄÔ Al O Å À/ß Ð ß / Ð Ä Á Ç ½ Cr NiCrAlYRe NiCrAlY Á Ç Ô DDÅ ¹ ¾ «Ø É ¹ÅÐÉ NiCrAlY Á 75%Na SO +5% NaCl Ò Ü ¼ ÅÐ 90% Na SO +10%K SO  NaCl Á Ø º ÊË Ø ÚÅб [10,11] NaCl ± À Ø º NaCl º À Õ ÏÔ ± Ý Ã Ì Ô Ü Ä À ¹Æ ß NaCl ÞÁ Ǽ ¼ K SO ÐÞ NiCrAlY Á NiCrAlYRe Á 90% Na SO +10%K SO Ò ¹ ¾ Ø «Re µá «ÏØ É ½ XRD ¹ Ì Re XPS ± 90%Na SO +10 % K SO Ø 50 h NiCrAlYRe Á ± µ ReO Ø º ¹ Re µ Î ½³ Å ReO ˼ ßÞ Ê Na O Đ [1] ReO + Na O=Na RO ¼Ç µ Na O µ ß Ü É Ô Ü µá ßÞ ICP-AES Þܺ NiCrAlYRe Á Ø Æ½³ Þ ½¹.6 mg/l Re ¼ Re ReO ³ ÜÅ ¹ ReO + ¹ ¾ ³ Ç ³ Re ÎÉ ReO + Ý Ì Â È ReO Na O µ» NiCrAlYRe Á 75%Na SO +5%NaCl º 90%Na SO + 10%K SO ± Re Þ NaCl ¹ Ø È Á ÅÁ Ç Re ÞÁ Ï ÞË²Ò Ø É¹² Re º [1]» ÈÇ Re Á ÑÐ Çß ¹ ĐÐ [1] «Üà ØÄ NiCrAlYRe NiCrAlY Á γ -Ni Al γ-ni β-nial α-cr µð NiCrAlYRe Á Re ̼ α-cr Ð Re É µ α-cr ÐÁ Á µ α-cr º Ô ³ À/Á Ð Á µ ³ Re α-cr ¼ Re α-cr α-al O ¹ÊË Ù Ø À µ À Ø µ NiCrAlY Á ± «É Re µ NiCrAlY Á %Na SO + 10%K SO Ò «Ø É Ô Ü µ ßÞ Û [1] Taylor M P, Evans H E. Formation of diffusion cells in LPPS MCrAlY coatings [J]. Mater. High Temp., 000, 0: [] Wood G C. Fundamental factors determining the mode of scaling of heat resistant alloys [J]. Werkst. Korros., 1971, : [] Luthra K L, Briant C L. Surface segregation in M-Cr-Al-Y alloys [J]. Metall. Trans., 1988, 19A: 9-98 [] Smeggil J G, Funkenbusch A W, Bornstein N S. A relationship between indigenous impurity elements and protective oxide scale adherence characteristics [J]. Metall. Trans., 1986, 17A: 9-98 [5] Clemens D, Nickel H.TEM and SEM studies of protective alumina scale on NiCrAlY alloys [J]. J. Anal. Chem., 1996, 55: [6] Saunders S R J, Nicholls J R. Hot salt corrosion test procedures and coating evaluation [J]. Thin Solid Film, 198, 119: 7-69 [7] Czech N, Schmitz F, Stamm W. Microstructural analysis of the role of rhenium in advanced MCrAlY coatings [J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 1995, 7: 8-

5 15 ¾ 0 [8] Beele W, Czech N, Quadakkers W J, et al. Long-term oxidation tests on a re-containing MCrAlY coating [J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 1997, 9/95: 1-5 [9] Otsuka N, Rapp R A. Effect of chromate and vanadate anions on the hot corrosion of preoxidized Ni by a thin fused Na SO film at 900 [J]. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1990, 17: 5-60 [10] Johnson J B, Nicholls J R, Hurst R C, et al. The mechanical properties of surface scale on nickel-base superalloys-. Contaminate corrosion [J]. Corros. Sci., 1978, 18: 5-55 [11] McKee D W, Shores D A, Lurthra K L. The effect of SO and NaCl on high temperature hot corrosion [J]. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1978, 15(): [1] Xiong Y L, Wood S A. Experimental determination of the solubility of ReO and the dominant oxidation state of rhenium in hydrothermal solutions [J]. Chem. Geol., 1999, 158: 5-56 [1] Karunaratne M S A, Reed R C. Interdiffusion of the platinum-group metals in nickel at elevated temperature [J]. Acta Mater., 00, 51: [1] Liu C T, Sun X F, Guan H R, et al. Effect of rhenium addition to a nickel-base single crystal superalloy on isothermal oxidation of the aluminide coating [J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 005, 19: EFFECT OF Re ON THE HOT-CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF A NiCrAlY OVERLAY COATING WEI Hua, HUANG Liang, LIANG Jingjing, SUN Xiaofeng, GUAN Hengrong, HU Zhuangqi (Superalloy Division, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang ) Abstract: Arc ion plating (AIP) was used to produce NiCrAlY and NiCrAlYRe overlay coatings. After heat treatment in vacuum, both of the coatings consisted of γ -Ni Al, γ-ni, β-nial and α-cr. Re in the NiCrAlYRe coating existed in α-cr and promoted the precipitation and thermal stability of α-cr. The existence of α-cr in the interface of coating and substrate lowered coefficient of thermal expansion and thus reduced thermal stress in the surface scale, improving adherence of the scale. The addition of Re obviously increased hot corrosion resistance of NiCrAlY in 90%Na SO +10 mass%k SO. Key words: NiCrAlY, hot corrosion, AIP ( ½ 19 ) EFFECT OF THE NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS ON THE HIC BEHAVIOR OF X10 PIPELINE STEEL ZHEN Fan 1, LIU Jing 1, HUANG Feng 1, CHENG Jihao 1, LI Cuiling 1, GUO Bin, XU Jinqiao (1. Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 0081;. Research Academy, Wuhan Iron and Steel Group Corporation, Wuhan 0080) Abstract: The ever-increasing demand for petroleum and natural gas, requires high strength pipeline steels for transportation. In the transporting process, the hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) on the pipeline steels in a H S environment is the main reason to cause corrosion problems and technical problems. For this reason, it is necessary to study the HIC phenomenon in high strength pipeline steels. The HIC sensitivity of the experimental X10 high strength pipeline steel was tested, the nonmetallic inclusions in the X10 pipeline steel was studied by using a multifunctional microscope, and the cracks formed by HIC were analyzed by SEM and EDS. The results show that the cracks usually initiate and extend at the boundaries between nonmetallic inclusions and the base metal, and connect with each other; long cracks are more easily formed near the B type inclusions than near the D type inclusions; larger contents of the S and Al in the X10 pipeline steel, higher grade of the inclusions, and larger amount of the nonmetallic inclusions, lead to higher HIC sensitivity. Key words: X10 pipeline steel, nonmetallic inclusion, hydrogen induced cracking(hic)