प ल ख प षण स चन. Please contact at Telefax ट ल फ क स: ट ई ड 19/ ट ई-म ल: in व य पकप पकच ल लम म मस

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1 Please contact at Telefax ट ल फ क स: व य पकप पकच ल लम म मस ई-म ल: in Ref Date ट ई ड 19/ ट प ल ख प षण स चन सम द इ ज ननयर और स रक उपस कर व षय सममन, ट ई ड 19 प) पकच वहम इ ज नमयच ग ववभ ग पकच ष पक इ वव पक प सभ स स य प ख) सम द इ ज नमय औ स क उपकस प ववषय सममन, ट ई ड 19, प सभ स स य प ग) अन य सभ च ल खम व ल नमप य मह य/ मह य, नमम ममल ख रल ख स ल म ह : प ल ख स ख य TED 19 (11758) W व षय जलय म म ह इड प र बम औ पक ल ववल यप प आग र झ म प मलए एल प हल रन ध फ म द व य स न द ववम ष टट प प य उपक क म मप मस प अवल पम प अपकम सम मन य यह र ह ए भ जम, कप यद अ : यह म मप ट र य म मप प चपक म स व प ह ज ए, इस पक अमल प म म आपकप व यवस य अवव प र म क य पद म इय आ सप ह सम मन प अष न म न व : सम मन यद प ई ह म ल द ए गए र चपक म मलख प, उपकच मल ख पक पक अध हस क प भ जम यह रल ख भ य म मप ब य प व र स इट पक भ उपकलब ध ह धन यव, भव य, स ल म: उपकच मल ख ( आ आ मस ह ) व ज नमप ई एव रम ख पकच वहम इ ष जम यच ग ववभ ग

2 Please contact at Telefax ट ल फ क स: ई-म ल: in DRAFT IN WIDE CIRCULATION Ref Date TED 19/ T DOCUMENT DESPATCH ADVICE MARINE ENGINEERING AND SAFETY AIDS SECTIONAL COMMITTEE, TED 19 1) All members of Transport Engineering Division Council, TEDC 2) All members of Marine Engineering and Safety Aids Sectional Committee, TED 19 3) All others interested. Dear Sir/ Madam, Please find enclosed the following draft standard: Document No. Title TED 19 (11758) W ALCOHOL RESISTANT FOAM LIQUID CONCENTRATE FOR FIRE- EXTINGUISHING OF HYDROCARBON AND POLAR SOLVENTS FIRES IN SHIPS SPECIFICATION Kindly examine this draft standard and forward your views stating any difficulty which you are likely to experience in your business or profession, if this is finally adopted as National Standard. Last date for comments : Comments, if any, may please be made in the format given below and mailed to the undersigned at the above address. This document is also hosted on BIS website Thanking you, yours faithfully, Encl: As above (R R Singh) Scientist E & Head Transport Engineering Department

3 FORMAT FOR SENDING COMMENTS ON BIS DOCUMENTS (Please use A4 size sheet of paper only and type within fields indicated. Comments on each clauses/sub-clauses/table/fig. etc be started on a fresh box. Information in Column 4 should include reasons for the comments and suggestions for modified wording of the clauses when the existing text is found not acceptable. Adherence to this format in Microsoft Word file facilitates Secretariat s work). Doc. No.: TED 19 (11758) W TITLE: ALCOHOL RESISTANT FOAM LIQUID CONCENTRATE FOR FIRE- EXTINGUISHING OF HYDROCARBON AND POLAR SOLVENTS FIRES IN SHIPS SPECIFICATION LAST DATE OF COMMENTS: NAME OF THE COMMENTATOR/ ORGANIZATION: Sl. No. Clause/ Sub-clause/ Para/ Table/ Fig. No. commented Type of Comments (General/ Editorial/ Technical) Justification Proposed change

4 Doc No.: TED 19 (11758) W July 2017 For Comments Only भ रत य म नक मस द जलय न म ह इड क र बन और प लर व ल यक क आग र झ न क ललए एल क हल रतर र फ म म रव य रव व ल ष ट Draft Indian Standard ALCOHOL RESISTANT FOAM LIQUID CONCENTRATE FOR FIRE-EXTINGUISHING OF HYDROCARBON AND POLAR SOLVENTS FIRES IN SHIPS SPECIFICATION ICS ; ; Not to be reproduced without permission Last date for receipt of BIS or used as STANDARD of comments 15 September 2017 FOREWORD (Formal Clauses will be added later) Foam is a homogenous mass of bubbles of low specific gravity which forms a compact, stable blanket when applied in correct manner and sufficient quantity. This blanket floats on the flammable liquid surface and prevents air from reaching flammable liquid surface. It is produced, by mechanically mixing a gas or air into a solution of a foam compound (concentrate) in water. This standard covers the foam compound in the form of a homogenous liquid free from suspended impurities, used for production of firefighting. Foam is produced by mechanical aeration of aqueous foam solution. The foam is classified based on its expansion ratio as low expansion foam (up to 20 times), medium expansion foam ( times) and high expansion foam (above 200 times). Low expansion foam concentrate are of following types: a) Protein Foam (PF) b) Aqueous Film Forming foam (AFFF) c) Fluoro-Protein foam (FP) d) Synthetic foam (SF) e) Alcohol Resistance Aqueous Film Forming foam (AR-AFFF) f) Fluoro Protein Alcohol Resistance foam (FP-AR)

5 Types mentioned at e) and f) are also known as Multipurpose foam concentrates. Conventional foams like Protein, Fluoro Protein, AFFF and Synthetic foam are suitable only for fighting fires of hydrocarbon fuels that are immiscible with water. Water miscible flammable liquids such as alcohols, ketones, amines, esters, ethers, aldehydes etc in pure form or as mixture with hydrocarbon, rapidly destroy the foam blanket produced by these foams rendering them ineffective on such fires. Alcohol resistance type of foam or the multipurpose foam concentrate is specially developed foam concentrate to combat fires of both the types- hydrocarbon and polar solvents. The usage of the foam concentrate could be as 3 % for hydrocarbon and 3 % on polar solvents. The foam concentrate is designated as 3 X 3. The principle of extinction of fire for hydrocarbon is same as that by other foams, but for polar solvents the mechanism is different; when foam, produced by mixing foam concentrate with water as laid down in this standard, is applied through foam nozzle on alcohol fires, a tough polymeric membrane, which is lighter than alcohols, floats over the solvent surface and spreads uniformly. Foam blanket is then built over this polymeric membrane, which excludes the external air thereby extinguishing the fire. Foam blanket is protected by this polymeric membrane. For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2 : 1960 Rule for rounding of numerical values (revised). The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of specified value in this standard.

6 Draft Indian Standard ALCOHOL RESISTANT FOAM LIQUID CONCENTRATE FOR FIRE-EXTINGUISHING OF HYDROCARBON AND POLAR SOLVENTS FIRES IN SHIPS SPECIFICATION 1 SCOPE This standard lays down the requirements in respect of physical properties and performance requirements, packing and marking of Alcohol resistance type foam concentrate FP-AR or AR- AFFF 3 X 3, foam concentrate intended for use with mechanical foam generating equipments for extinguishing fire of polar solvents like alcohols, ethers, ketones, etc as well as hydrocarbon liquid fuel for marine applications as required by SOLAS 74(83) Reg. II-2/61 for oil tankers and for fire-extinguishing systems in machinery spaces according to SOLAS 74 (83) Reg. II- 2/8. This standard is for exclusive use for marine applications. For extinguishing similar fires elsewhere, IS 4989(Part 4) : 2003, may be referred. 2 REFERENCES The following standards contain provisions which through reference in this text, constitute or provision of this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below: IS No. Title 2631 : 1976 Specification for isopropyl Alcohol (first revision) 4308 : 2003 Dry Chemical Powder for Fighting B and C Class Fires Specification (second revision) 4309 : 1979 Method of Measurement on Direct Reading ph Meters (first revision) 4905 : 2015 Random Sampling and Randomization Procedures (first revision) 4989 : 2006 Foam Concentrate for Producing Mechanical Foam for Fire Fighting Specification (third revision.) 4989(Pt 4) : 2003 Multipurpose Aqueous Film Forming Foam Liquid Concentrate for Extinguishing Hydrocarbon and Polar Solvent Fires Specification 7959 : 1987 Specification for Polyethylene Containers for Foam Compounds (first revision) : 1999 Dry Chemical Powder Fighting A, B, C Class Fires Specification

7 3 TERMINOLOGY For the purpose of this standard the following definitions shall apply. 3.1 Foam (Fire Fighting) An aggregate of air filled bubbles formed from an aqueous solution of a suitable foam concentrate. 3.2 Foam Solution A solution of foam concentrate and water. 3.3 Foam Concentrate A concentrated aqueous liquid formulated to produce firefighting foam when mixed in a proper concentration with water and in which air can be entrained to reach the specified expansion ratio. 3.4 Expansion Ratio The ratio of the volume of foam to the volume of foam solution from which it was made. 3.5 Spreading Coefficient A measurement of the ability of one liquid to spontaneously spread across another % Drainage Time The time for 25% of the liquid content of foam to drain out. 3.7 Gentle Application Application of foam to the surface of a liquid fuel via a backboard, tank wall or other surface. 3.8 Sediment Insoluble particles in the foam concentrate. 4 APPLICATION The concentrate shall be mixed with water in fixed/mobile equipment in the following proportion: ATC type foam concentrate 3 X 3 a) For hydrocarbons at the rate of 3 percent concentrate b) For polar solvents at the rate or 3 percent concentrate 5 REQUIREMENTS 5.1 General The foam concentrate shall be free from repulsive odour and floating foreign matter which may affect its performance. 5.2 Stratification

8 Multipurpose foam concentrate shall not show any stratification when determined by visual examination of a 200 ml sample contained in 250 ml graduated glass cylinder. 5.3 Concentration The multipurpose foam concentrate shall conform to chemical, physical and performance requirements as indicated in Table 1 & Table 2 respectively, when tested in accordance with the method specified in relevant Annex. Table 1 Chemical and Physical Requirements SI No. Property Requirements Ref to Test in Annex (1) (2) (3) (4) i) ph value 6.0 to 9.5 at Annex A (27 ± 5 o C) ii) Specific gravity 1.10 ± 0.15 Annex B iii) Pour Point Shall be declared by the manufacturer Annex C iv) Surface Tension 3 percent in distilled water * 0 C, - 20 C 20 mn /m, Max. Annex D v) Spreading Co-efficient * 3, Min. Annex D vi) Film formation Forms Polymeric film on iso- propyl alcohol vii) Freezing and Thawing Shall show no separation or stratification viii) Heat Stability Meet the fire test requirement Annex E Annex F Annex G ix) Viscosity 2500 ± 500 cps, Annex H x) Sedimentation(before conditioning) Sedimentation (after conditioning) 0.25 % max 0.50 % max Annex I

9 * NOTE The tests are applicable for the film forming foam concentrate only. Table 2 Performance Requirements* Sr. No. (1) Performance (2) Requirements (3) Ref to Test in Annex (4) i) Expansion at 27± 5 C 6 Min. Annex J ii) 25 percent drainage time at 27± 5 C 5 min. Min. Annex J iii) Foam Application 300 sec Annex K iv) Fire extinction time 300 sec, Max i.e. fire must extinguish within application time Annex L v) Burn Back, 25 % Area 15 min. Min. Annex L * NOTE All performance tests shall be carried out with simulated sea water only. 6 COMPATIBILITY 6.1 Compatibility with Dry Powder The foam produced shall be compatible with dry chemical powder when tested as per IS 4308 and IS PACKING Multipurpose foam concentrate shall be packed in polyethylene containers confirming to IS The capacity shall be 20, 30, 200 litres and bulk packing. 8 STORAGE 8.1 The storage place shall be free from dampness and shall be well ventilated and the containers shall not be directly exposed to sun rays. 8.2 The foam concentrate shall not have any adverse effect on its quality when stored at temperature range of: (a) 1.6 ºC to +50 º C for vessels travelling to Inland & Tropical Regions. (b) -20º C to +50º C for vessels travelling to Cold Regions.

10 8.3 The polyethylene jerry cans shall preferably be stacked in single layer and shall not exceed more than 2 layers. 8.4 (a) Storage guidelines as per manufacturer s recommendation shall be followed (b) Bulk storage containers require special design considerations to minimize the liquid surface contact with air (c) The fill tower should be equipped with a pressure-vacuum vent to compensate for thermal fluctuations (d) The foam concentrate tank shall not be equipped with an overflow pipe or any direct opening to the atmosphere 9 SHELF LIFE The shelf life of the foam covered under this standard and stored in proper condition as per manufacturer s recommendations is generally not less than 5 years. However as so many factors are affecting the shelf life of the stored product, the stored product should be subject to first periodic control after period of three years and there after every year. Periodical controls required on foam concentrates stored on board are given in Annex M. A record of the age of the foam concentrate and subsequent control should be kept on board. 10 MARKING 10.1 Each container shall be legibly and indelibly marked with the following information: a) Manufacturer s name or trade-mark, and product name, if any ; b) To be written as multipurpose foam for firefighting ; c) Quantity in litres ; d) Month and year of manufacturing and production, batch number ; e) Net and gross weight in kg ; f) To be written contents should not be stored under direct sun light ; g) Maximum and minimum storage temperature; 11 BIS Certification Marking 11.1 Each container may also be marked with Standard Mark The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The details of conditions under which the licence for the use of Standard Mark may be granted to the manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the Bureau of Indian Standards.

11 12 SAMPLING OF THE FOAM COMPOUND CONCENTRATE 12.1 The number of filled containers to be sampled from each batch for ascertaining conformity shall be in accordance with the following Table: Scale of Sampling Total number of filled containers from each batch/lot Up to and above No. of containers to be selected The containers shall be selected at random from each batch/lot. To ensure the randomness of selection, method given in IS 4905 may be adopted. The equal amount of samples collected from each selected container should be mixed to make a composite sample to carry out the single conformity test The drawn sample size should not be less than: a. 30 litres for type test b. 2 litres for periodical controls

12 A-1 PROCEDURE ANNEX A [Table 1, SI No. (i) ] METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF ph VALUE A-1.1 Take 100 ml of a thoroughly mixed multiple purpose foam concentrate in a beaker and measure the ph value on a standard ph electrometer (see IS 4309) using glass electrode at a temperature of 27 ± 5 C. Record the ph value to nearest 0.1. B-1 PROCEDURE ANNEX B [ Table 1, SI No. (ii) ] METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY B1.1 To determine the specific gravity, take a thoroughly mixed 2 l sample of multipurpose foam concentrate in a 2 l capacity (1 l capacity may also be used) measuring cylinder having suitable height. B-1.2 Determine the specific gravity of the sample at 27 ± 5 C using standard hydrometer. B-1.3 Record the result to nearest B- 2 Specific gravity bottle may also be used to determine the specific gravity of the sample. However due care must be taken to remove all air bubbles from the specific gravity bottle filled with the sample before weighing. C-1 APPARATUS ANNEX C [ Table 1, SI No. (iii) ] METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF POUR POINT C-1.1 The apparatus shall be as shown in Fig 1 and shall consist of the following: a) Test Jar A test jar of clear glass, cylindrical foam, flat bottom, approximately 30 to 35 mm inside diameter and112 to 125 mm in height. An ordinary 100 ml sample bottle may be used if it meets these requirements. b) Thermometer A cloud and pour point thermometer which can read up to -30 C.

13 c) Cork to fit the test jar, bored centrally to hold test thermometer. d) Jacket A jacket of glass, water tight, of cylindrical form flat bottom about 40 mm in height with inside diameter 10 to 12 mm greater than the outside diameter of the test jar. e) Disc A disc of cork or felt, 6 mm thick and of the same diameter as the inside diameter of the jacket. f) Gasket A gasket about 5 mm thick, to fit snugly around the outside of the test jar and loosely inside the jacket. This gasket may be made of cork, felt or other suitable material, elastic enough to hold its shape. The purpose of the ring gasket is to prevent the test jar from touching the jacket. g) Bath A cooling bath of suitable size and shape for obtaining the required temperatures. The bath shall be provided with a support, suitable for holding the jacket firmly in a vertical position. The required bath temperature may be maintained by refrigeration, if available, otherwise by suitable freezing mixture. FIG. 1 POUR POINT APPARATUS C-2 PROCEDURE C-2.1 The following procedure shall be followed: a) Pour thoroughly mixed sample of the foam concentrate into test jar to a height of not less than 50 mm and not more than 56 mm. Mark the jar to indicate proper level.

14 b) Close jar tightly by the cork carrying the test thermometer in a vertical position in the centre of the jar with the thermometer bulb immersed so that the beginning of the capillary shall be 3 mm below the surface of the sample. c) Place the disc in the jacket and insert the test jar with the ring gasket into the jacket. Bottom of the test jar shall be 25 mm above the bottom of the jacket. d) Maintain the temperature of the cooling bath about 10 C less than the freezing point declared by the manufacturer. Support the jacket containing the test jar, firmly in the vertical position in the cooling bath so that not more than 25 mm of the jacket projects outside of the cooling medium. As soon as temperature of the sample goes to the declared pour point value, the jar shall be tilted and flow observed by holding the test jar in a horizontal position for about 5 to 10 s. Foam sample shall flow freely. NOTE Suitable container with the sample may be cooled in a freezer to the required low temperature and flowability of the cooled foam concentrate may be checked in a test tube/beaker. D-1 APPARATUS ANNEX D [ Table 1, SI No. (iv) and (v) ] METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF SURFACE TENSION The following apparatus is required: a) Du Nouy precision tensiometer or equivalent, b) Platinum ring of 4 or 6 cm circumference, and c) Sample container (glass) 6 cm in diameter or as required. D-2 SAMPLE A solution of 10 ml of 3 percent foam concentrate and 97 percent of distilled water by volume shall be prepared. D-3 PROCEDURE Calibrate the tensiometer. Clean the glassware with chromic acid, wash and rinse with distilled water. The platinum ring shall be rinsed thoroughly with a solvent, next with distilled water and then dried in the oxidizing portion of the gas flame. Check the level of the tensiometer. Insert the platinum ring in the sample foam solution contained in the glass container. Take the measurement, set the dial and the vernier at zero point. Raise the sample platform until the ring is first submerged. Lower the platform slowly; at the same time apply torsion to the wire by means of dial adjusting screw so that the ring system remains constantly at zero position. As the breaking point is approaching nearer, adjustments are made slowly. Record the dial reading when the ring detaches from the surface and express it in mn/m (dynes/cm).

15 D- 4 METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF INTER-FACIAL TENSION D-4.1 Apparatus Same as in D-1 D-4.2 Sample Same as in D-2 D-4.3 Procedure The inter-facial tension is determined in the same manner as the surface tension with the following modification: a) Use fresh solution and freshly cleaned platinum ring for each determination. b) Always move the ring from the aqueous side of the interface through the non-aqueous side liquid. c) First place the aqueous foam solution in the sample vessel and immerse the ring therein. Carefully pour the cyclohexane above it. Contact of cyclohexane with the platinum ring should be avoided during this operation. After allowing sufficient time, make the measurement in the same manner as that used for measuring surface tension. D-5 METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF SPREADING COEFFICIENT D-5.1 Spreading Coefficient D The spreading coefficient shall be determined with reference to cyclohexane in accordance with the following relationship: Where Se/f = Υc Υf Υi Se/f = spreading coefficient (mn/m) Υc = standard value of surface tension of cyclohexane (mn/m) Υf = surface tension of premix foam concentrate as determined (mn/m) Υi = interfacial tension between the foam solution and cyclohexane (mn/m) NOTE For measurement of surface tension and interfacial tension by digital tensiometer, care should be taken that the tensiometer is calibrated. The procedure given by tensiometer manufacturer should be followed for measurement.

16 ANNEX E [ Table 1, SI No. (vi) ] METHOD FOR FILM FORMATION TEST E-1 EQUIPMENT a) Glass Petri dish with cover 100 mm diameter and 12 ± 2 mm depth. b) 100 ml glass beakers. c) Magnetic stirrer with magnetic needle or any suitable stirrer capable of generating foam. E-2 PROCEDURE 1. Prepare 100 ml of foam solution by mixing 3 part of foam concentrate sample with 97 parts of potable water. Mix it well with glass stirrer. 2. Take 30 ml of the 3 percent foam solution of step 1 in a fresh clean glass beaker. Generate foam stirring on the stirrer for 3 min. 3. Pour 50 ml of commercial iso propyl alcohol in the clean Petri dish. 4. Pour the foam generated at Sl. No. 2 above from beaker slowly over the surface of iso propyl alcohol. 5. Wait for 30 sec. 6. Observe polymeric film formation on the surface of the solvent. Polymeric film is considered present if iso propyl alcohol does not catch fire when a lighted torch of suitable size, is brought above the surface of the foam layer. Vapour shall not catch fire. 7. Wait for 5 minutes. 8. Repeat the torch test as per Sl. No 6, vapour shall not catch fire. NOTE Wear appropriate hand gloves and face mask for safety, extinguish fire by covering the Petri dish with lid or other suitable non flammable cover F-1 EQUIPMENT ANNEX F [ Table 1, SI No. (vii) ] METHOD FOR FREEZING AND THAWING TEST 1. Freezing chamber, capable of achieving low temperatures required -10 C or -30 C as per requirement (10 C less than the declared freezing point) 2 Polyethylene tube, approximately 10 mm diameter, 400 mm long and sealed and weighted at one end, with suitable spacers attached. (ref. Fig. 2 ) ml Cylinder approximately 400 mm high and 65 in mm diameter.

17 FIG. 2 POLYETHYLENE TUBE WITH SPACERS F-2 PROCEDURE F-2.1 Set the temperature of the freezing chamber to temperature which is 10 degrees C below the declared freezing point of sample to test. Fill approximately 400 ml of sample of foam concentrate in the glass cylinder; insert the tube with the sealed end downward into the measuring cylinder, to prevent the glass cylinder from breaking due to expansion of the foam concentrate on freezing. Add weight in tube if required to avoid flotation, adjust the spacer approximately on the central axis of the cylinder. Place the cylinder with the sample in the chest, cool and maintain at the required temperature for 24 h. At the end of this period, thaw the sample for not less than 24 h. and not more than 96 h. in an ambient temperature of 27 ± 5 C. F-2.2 Repeat F.2.1, three times to give four cycles of freezing and thawing. F-2.3 Examine the sample for stratification and non-homogeneity. G-1 PROCEDURE ANNEX G [ Table 1, SI No. (viii) ] METHOD FOR HEAT STABILITY TEST G-1.1 An unopened 20/30litre container (or other standard shipping Container) as supplied by the manufacturer from a production batch should be maintained for 7 days at 60 ± 2 C, followed by one day at room temperature. Following this conditioning, the foam liquid after

18 agitating / stirring will be subjected to the fire test as per ANNEX K and the sample shall comply with the requirements of the fire test given in these guidelines. H -1 VISCOSITY ANNEX H [ Table 1, SI No. (ix) ] METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF VISCOSITY H-1.1 Most of ATC type of foam concentrates are non-newtonian in nature and hence Kinematic viscosity determination with U tube viscometer is not feasible. H-2 Brookfield viscometer method for determining viscosity of foam concentrates may be used. Test should be carried at 27 ± 5 C. Care should be taken to remove air bubbles Use spindle #4, 60 rpm to test (or as per manufacturer s recommendation) ANNEX I [ Table 1, SI No. x) ] METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF SEDIMENTATION PERCENTAGE I-1 PREPARATION Select randomly one container from each lot and allow it to stand upside down for10 minutes. Shake/roll it till the sediment completely disperses in the liquid foam concentrate. Draw two samples from this thoroughly mixed liquid of each container. Sample A- 50/100 ml from each lot to be drawn separately in 50/100 ml cone shaped graduated clear glass centrifuge tube which can be read to 0.1ml. Sample 400 ml to be drawn in a 500 ml capacity stoppered conical flask for conditioning I-2. PROCEDURE Centrifuge the sample immediately after drawing for 30 minutes. Pour out the liquid gently after centrifuging. Dry the tube containing the sludge in an oven at 60 C for 1 hr. followed by cooling at ambient temp for 30 minutes. Weigh the centrifuge tube along with the sediment. Calculate the sedimentation content as under: Sedimentation percentage = Wt. of sludge content X 100 Volume of foam

19 I-3 PREPARATION OF ACONSITIONED SAMPLE: Condition sample B of the foam concentrate by heating in an oven at 50 ± 1 C for 24 h, allow it to return to 27 ± 5 C. Cool it in a refrigerator maintained at 0 ± 1 C (or at the lowest usage temp. declared by the manufacturer ± 1 C ) for 24 h. allow it to return to 27 ± 5 C. This sample will be used for all those test which require testing of conditioned sample. Sedimentation percentage will be determined as per procedure mentioned in I-2. ANNEX J [ Table 2, SI No. (i) & (ii)] METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF EXPANSION RATIO & 25 % DRAINAGE TIME J -1 GENERAL J-1.1- The test should be carried with simulated sea water at about 27 ± 5 C. J-1.2 Simulated sea water may be made up by dissolving 25.0 g Sodium Chloride (NaCl) 11.0 g Magnesium chloride (MgCl2.6 H2O) 1.6 g Calcium Chloride (CaCl2.2 H2O ) 4.0 g Sodium Sulphate (Na2.SO4) Per litre of Potable water J-2 APPARATUS a) Foam collector board as shown in Fig.3; b) Glass, plastic or Stainless steel collecting pan of volume 1600 ml equipped with a bottom discharge facility as shown in Fig 4. c) Weighing scale with sensitivity 1 g or less. d) Foam making equipment with nozzle as shown in fig. 5(a) & 5(b) of Annex L. e) Stop watch f) 100 ml glass cylinder class A J-2.1 Procedure: a) Prepare foam concentrate solution by taking 3 parts foam concentrate and 97 parts of simulated sea water as per J.1.2. Mix well and charge to pressure vessel through a strainer. Assemble the apparatus as per Fig.6 of Annex L, after closing the cap of pressure vessel properly. b) Start air compressor and built up inside pressure to required level. c) Ensure that hose connecting the foam solution tank to the nozzle is filled completely with the foam solution.

20 d) Set up the nozzle horizontally, directly in front of the foam collector board such a way that the tip of the nozzle is 3 ± 0.3 m away from the top edge of the collector. e) Check the empty foam collection pan for damage, deformation and volume capacity. Wet the foam collection pan internally with water and weigh it. Record the tare weight of the pan as (W1). f) Set up the foam generating equipment and adjust the nozzle pressure to 0.63 ±0.03 mpa (6.3 ±0.3 kg/cm 2 ) to give a flow rate of 11.4 l/min. g) Discharge the foam and adjust the height of the nozzle so that the discharge strikes the collector board centrally. Keep the nozzle horizontal. Stop the foam discharge and rinse all foam from the collector. h) Start discharging the foam and after 15 ± 5 s, to allow the discharge to stabilize, place the foam collecting pan, with its discharge outlet closed, at the bottom of collection board to collect the foam flowing. i) As soon as the vessel is full, remove it from the collector board, level off the foam in pan to the brim with a straight edge. Start the stop watch as soon as the foam is nearly half filled. Weigh the vessel, record the weight as (W2). j) Calculate the expansion E from the equation: Expansion ratio = Volume of Pan (W2-W1) W1 is the mass of the empty vessel (g) W2 is the mass of the pan full with foam (g) k) 25 % DRAINAGE TIME ; Calculate 25 % volume of liquid to be drained as follows: 1600 Volume 25 percent liquid = 4 X Expansion l) Open the drainage facility and collect the foam solution in 100 ml, glass measuring cylinder. Note the time taken in draining the required volume. Record this as 25 % drainage time. m) Repeat the entire process to take two more readings to determine expansion ratio and 25 % drainage time. n) Report the average values, (difference between minimum and maximum reading should not be more than one unit Expansion ratio and more than 30 seconds for drainage time) NOTE The expansion ratio and drainage time obtained while conducting fire test should be consistent with the expansion ratio and drainage time obtained during the test as per Annex J.

21 FIG.3 FOAM COLLECTOR BOARD

22 FIG.4 COLLECTING VESSEL FOR DETERMINATION OF EXPANSION AND DRAINAGE TIME ANNEX K [ Table 2, SI No. (iii), (iv) & (v) ] METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF FIRE TEST PERFORMANCE K-1 GENERAL K-1.1 Fire test should be conducted only when all other requirements of Table 1 and Table 2 are fully met by the foam concentrate. K-1.2 Fire tests are to be conducted for Hydrocarbon (n-heptane) and polar solvent (iso-propyl alcohol)

23 K-1.3 Environmental Condition a) Air Temperature not less than 10 C. b) Maximum Wind Speed 3 m/sec in proximity of the fire tray NOTE If necessary, some form of wind-screen may be used. c) Fuel temp not less than 10 C. d) Foam solution temperature not less than 10 C K-1.4 Fuel 1. HYDROCARBON FUEL n-heptane, commercial grade having distillation range 84 C C. Sp. Gravity POLAR FUEL Iso-Propyl Alcohol, Commercial grade conforming to IS 2631:1976 K-1.5. Fire Tray Size Circular tray with following dimensions 1. Area 4.5 m 2 2. Depth 200mm 3. Wall Thickness 2.5 mm With vertical steel backboard 1.0 ± 0.05 m. X 1.0 ± 0.05 m K-1.6 Burn Back Pot Circular burn back pot with following dimensions 1. Diameter 300 ± 5 mm 2. Height 150 ± 5 mm 3. Wall Thickness 2.5 mm K-1.7 Records During the fire test, record the following: a) indoor or outdoor test b) air temperature c) fuel temperature d) water temperature e) foam solution temperature f) wind speed

24 g) extinction time h) 25 % burn back time K-1.8 Foam Solution (a) For hydrocarbon fire test, prepare a 100 l of 3 percent foam solution by mixing 3 parts of foam concentrate with 97 parts of simulated sea water. Mix well to ensure complete dissolution. Strain the foam solution. Foam solution should be used within 30 minutes of preparation. (b) For polar solvent fire test, prepare minimum 200 l of 3 percent foam solution by mixing 3 parts of foam concentrate with 97 parts of simulated sea water. Mix well to ensure complete dissolution. Strain the foam solution. Foam solution should be used within 30 minutes of preparation. K-2 PROCEDURE K-2.1 Fire Test Procedure Hydrocarbon Fuel (a) Place the tray directly on the ground and ensure that it is level. (b) Add approximately 90 litres of simulated sea water. (c) Set up the foam generating equipment as per J.2 and Fig.6 of Annex L with nozzle horizontally, about 1 metre above the ground in a position where the central part of the foam discharge will strike the centre axis of the backboard, 0.35 ± 0.1 m above the rim of the tray, (gentle application). (d) Add 144 ± 0.5 litres of n-heptane fuel, to give a nominal freeboard of 150 mm. (e) Ignite the tray not more than 5 min after adding the fuel and allow it to burn for a period of 60 sec after full involvement of the surface of the fuel, then start foam application. (f) Apply foam for 300 ±2 s. stop foam application and after a further 300 ±10 sec, place the burnback pot, containing 2 ± 0.1 litre of fuel n-heptane in the centre of the tray and ignite. (g) Record the 25% burnback time. K-2.2 Fire Test Procedure Polar Fuel This test is carried out as per K.2.1 except that fuel used is 144 ± 5 litres of iso-propyl alcohol and three nozzles of 11.4 l ( 7.35 lpm/m2) discharge capacity at 0.63 ± 0.03 mpa (6.3 ± 0.3 kg/cm 2 ) are used. No water should be added with the fuel. All other requirements and procedure remain same as per K.2.1

25 ANNEX L (Clause J-2 & K-2.1) DETAILS OF FOAM MAKING EQUIPMENT WITH NOZZLE L-1 FOAM MAKING NOZZLE A foam making nozzle having water foam solution discharge capacity 11.4 l (Litres) per minute at 0.63 ± 0.03 mpa(6.3 ±0.3 kg/cm 2 ) shall be used for producing foam and checking the performance requirements laid down in Table 2. The details and dimensions of nozzle are given in Fig. 5(a) and 5(b) FIG. 5(a) GENERAL ARRANGEMENT FOR FOAM MAKING NOZZLE L-2. ARRANGEMENT FOR GENERATING FOAM: The following apparatus shall be used and assembled as shown in Fig.4: a) 200 Litres nominal capacity, a pressure vessel made of stainless steel sheet and tested to withstand an internal pressure of 2.5 mpa. (25 kg/cm 2 ). It shall have a filling orifice of not less than 150 mm diameter with air-tight cap. Detailed arrangement shown in Fig. 4; b) Adjustable stand; c) Nozzle; d) Air compressor e) Calibrated pressure gauge.

26 FIG. 5(b) DIMENSIONS OF FOAM MAKING NOZZLE

27 Note (i) SS fitting is preferred to avoid corrosion. (ii) Pressure vessel capacity to nominal 200 ltr FIG. 6 ARRANGEMENT OF FOAM GENERATING EQUIPMENT ANNEX M (Clause 9.1) PERIODICAL CONTROLS OF FOAM CONCENTRATES STORED ON BOARD M-1 PERIODICAL CONTROL M-1.1 The periodical control of foam concentrate tests should be performed. The first periodical control of foam concentrate should be performed after a period of three years and after that every year. M-1.2 The deviations in the values obtained by these tests, in respect of those obtained during the type approval tests should be within acceptable limits. M-1.3 Records of the age of the foam concentrates and of subsequent controls should be kept on board. M-1.4 Following tests should be carried out on samples maintained at 60 C for 24 hours and subsequently cooled to the test temperature. a) Sedimentation b) ph value c) Expansion ratio d) Drainage time e) Specific. Gravity f) Film formation

28 FORMAT FOR SENDING COMMENTS ON WIDE CIRCULATION DRAFT DOC. NO. : TITLE: LAST DATE OF COMMENTS: NAME OF THE COMMENTATOR / ORGANIZATION: Sl. No. Clause/Sub-clause/ Para/Table/Fig. No. commented Type of Comments (General/Editorial/ Technical) Proposed change Justification