MAXITHEN Black Product Range

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1 MAXITHEN Black Product Range

The Black Masterbatch Standard Range GabrielChemie offers a range of black masterbatches based upon polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and a universal carrier system.

2 The Black Masterbatch Standard Range GabrielChemie offers a range of black masterbatches based upon polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and a universal carrier system. These masterbatches are commonly used at dosage levels of 1% to 5% or more, depending on the technical application, opacity requirements and thickness of the end product. Our products offer extremely high pigment dispersion and colour distribution, both with and without Antiblock. Products declared as food approved contain selected raw materials which meet the specifications of the Commission Directive 2007/19/EC of the European Union and many other toxicity and food contact regulations. Please contact us to get a Letter of Conformity about food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical regulations, or or to receive technical or material safety datasheets. Our black masterbatch standard range is based on pigment black (carbon black) and is designed to provide hightemperature stability, excellent dispersion, especially for thin film and sheet extrusion types and low screenblocking performance even at high addition levels. Pigment black loadings up to 50 percent are offered in our standard range, giving our customers the advantage of having to add less and thereby save costs as well as reducing inventory. Our black masterbatch range was developed for a broad field of applications and markets. Our products are sold to markets like food and industrial packaging films, pipes, containers, crates, cables, tapes, fibres, yarns and agricultural films, which require high weather fastness and conformity with international normative standards, as well as to the injection moulding of electronic parts, where high gloss and intensive blackness are demanded. All MAXITHEN masterbatches are supplied as conform and non dusting pellets in order to avoid contamination problems and to enable our customers a secure and clean handling and environment. Please contact us if you do not find your product of interest, or if you need tailorcustomised black masterbatches. 2/14

3 Definition of Pigment Blacks Pigment Black is a microcrystalline, fine particle size carbon of high purity. Pigment black (commonly known as carbon black ) is manufactured through the incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of aromatic oils or other fluids or through gaseous hydrocarbons. Pigment black shows a primary particle size between 10 and 500 nm, depending on the processing methods used, whereas blacks with nm are commonly used for masterbatches in the plastics industry. The three most important methods of producing pigment blacks are the furnaceblack process, the gasblack process and the lampblack process. A wide range of speciality pigment blacks result from these three production methods. These pigments are classified with regard to their primary particle size, structure, surface and surface chemistry. Such parameters influence colouristic and reinforcement properties, rheology, dispersion, electrical conductivity and so forth. Furnace Blacks are most frequently used in the plastics industry. The main market for pigment blacks worldwide is the rubber industry where carbon black is used as an essential reinforcement agent and for UV stabilisation up to a dosage of 6 % or above for the manufacture of tyres for automotive, airplane and industrial usage. ASTM Classification of Pigment Blacks ASTM Code N100 N200 N300 N0 N500 N600 N700 N800 N900 Description SAF (Super Abrasion Furnace) ISAF (Intermediate Super Abrasion Furnace) HAF (High Abrasion Furnace) XCF (Extra Conductive Furnace) FEF (Fast Extruding Furnace) GPF (General Purpose Furnace) SRF (Semi Reinforcing Furnace) FT (Fine Thermal) MT (Medium Thermal) particle size (nm) /14

4 ASTM Classification of Pigment Blacks (Cont d) The pigment blacks for the rubber industry are characterised by one letter and three digits, for example: N 762 The letter designates the influence of the pigment on the vulcanisation process in a rubber blend (sulphur content): N = normal curing (means higher sulphur content in the pigment) S = slower curing (means lower sulphur content in the pigment) The first digit features the particle size (ASTM D 3849) and/or the specific surface area (ASTM D 3037) which is typical for the pigment black: 1. digit particle size (nm) surface (m 2 /g) > (Channel Black) (Furnace Black) The second and third digit are chosen at random and characterise the special qualities of the pigment: e.g.: higher and/or lower structure or no discoloration 4/14

5 Jetness (Blackness), Colour Strength and Colour Shade (Hue) of Pigment Blacks Jetness, blackness, colour strength, colour shade, hue etc. are commonly used words when it comes to the black colouring of plastics. They are explained below. Jetness represents the blackness the intensity of the black colouration achievable with a pigment black. The lower the degree of light refraction and light diffusion, the greater the colour depth. Colour strength is the degree to which pigment blacks can darken or blacken other colouring components in contrast to white pigments, which are used to lighten colours as for example in a grey colouration. If a colour is only to be darkened, regardless if it is white or another colour, we speak of toning or hueing. Jetness and (theoretically) colour strength tend to increase as the primary particle size and structure of the pigments decreases. When colouring plastics with pigment blacks, a certain colour shade (bluish or brownish, depending on the type of pigment) occurs besides the blackening effect. When plastics are blackened in a pure tone, one must distinguish between surface appearance and opacity. UV Protection Blacks The degree of UV protection provided by a pigment black depends on the type used and usually improves with increasing carbon black concentration in the article. Polyolefins in particular suffer damage from UV light. Trials using polyethylene have shown that a 2% concentration of a sufficiently fine pigment black will deliver adequate UV protection. Considering a safety margin, the upper concentration limit is, as a general rule, 2.5 %. The particle size of UV protection pigment blacks is fine, around 20nm. The information above refers to the pigment black content in the final article and this can be converted using the concentration values of our black masterbatches (see table). For outdoor applications with a defined service life expectation, only UV protection pigment blacks with fine particle size and high chemical purity should be chosen and used in combination with light stabilisers. UV stabilisers should only be combined with the products indicated, which contain a particular UV protection pigment black only (see product features ), because these products contain a special fine particle size pigment black with very low sulphur content. Sulphur considerably reduces the effectiveness of UV stabilisers through interaction. 5/14

6 MAXITHEN CB % AB Resin WS µm Food Application Polyethylene HP n.s. F, B, I HP 98001AO cable, potable water pipes, UV protection, 2 % AO HP F,B,I, recycling, excellent jetness HP FDA conform, F, B, I HP F, B, I HP F, B, I, recycling HP F, B, I HP F, B, I, UV protection HP 99611F 20 thin films, fibre, UV protection Polypropylene PP 98101/35F 35 PP 20 thin films, filaments PP PP n.s. B, I Polystyrene and Impact Polystyrene PS PS n.s. extrusion injection PS PS n.s. extrusion injection Universal UN universal n.s. thickwalled articles,, PP, PA, Soft PVC, PS, SB, ABS, POM UN universal n.s. thickwalled articles,, PP, PA, Soft PVC, PS, SB, ABS, POM Note: Further information on black masterbatches suitable for the cable industry is available on request. Abbreviations: WS minimum wall thickness AB Antiblock content Food food approved AO Antioxidant CB Carbon Black Content n.s. not specified UV protection = compatible with UV Masterbatches Application: F= Film, B= Blow Moulding, I= Injection Moulding, All, in the table above table, as food approved declared products meet the regulatory demands for food contact applications of the European Union (Commission Directive 2002/72/EC including the amendment 2007/19/EC). The regulatory status for other countries is available on request. Our Product MAXITHEN HP98811 fulfils in addition to European regulations, the demands of the FDA 21 CFR /14

7 Product Features (1) MAXITHEN HP Black contains carbon black with excellent colour strength, similar to % SRF carbon black in combination with mineral filler acting as an Antiblock, dispersed in polyethylene. It is suitable for food approved colouration of Polyolefins by film extrusion and injection moulding. The main application is for packaging film and thickwalled articles. It is not recommended for combinations with UV stabiliser masterbatches. MAXITHEN HP AO Black contains % fine particle size UV protection pigment black with excellent jetness and colour strength, and 2% longterm antioxidant, dispersed in polyethylene. It is suitable for the colouration of polyolefins in the extrusion and injection moulding process. The main applications are: cable sheeting, potable water pipes or irrigation systems for agriculture. It is suitable for the UV protection of polyolefins, and especially for combinations with UV stabiliser masterbatches. MAXITHEN HP Black contains 25% HAF pigment black with good colour strength und excellent jetness (blackness), dispersed in polyethylene, and is very economic in application. It is suitable for the colouration of polyolefins in the film extrusion and injection moulding process, as well as for the colouration of recycling materials. It is not recommended for combinations with UV stabiliser masterbatches. MAXITHEN HP Black contains % fine particle size cabon black with high chemical purity and with excellent jetness and colour strength, dispersed in polyethylene. It is suitable for the colouration of polyolefins in the film extrusion and injection moulding process. The main applications are articles with direct food contact which are in compliance with FDA 21 CFR and EU Directive 2002/72/EC. MAXITHEN HP Black contains % SRF pigment black with good colour strength in combination with mineral filler acting as an Antiblock, dispersed in polyethylene. It is suitable for the colouration of polyolefins in the film extrusion and injection moulding process. The main application is for packaging film and thickwalled articles. It is not recommended for combinations with UV stabiliser masterbatches. MAXITHEN HP Black contains % SRF pigment black with good colour strength in combination with mineral filler acting as an Antiblock, dispersed in polyethylene. It is suitable for the colouration of polyolefins in the film extrusion and injection moulding process. The main application is in packaging film and thickwalled articles. It is not recommended for combinations with UV stabiliser masterbatches. 7/14

8 Product Features (2) MAXITHEN HP Black contains 50% SRF pigment black with good colour strength in combination with mineral filler acting as an Antiblock, dispersed in polyethylene. It is suitable for the colouration of polyolefins in the film extrusion and injection moulding process. The main application is in packaging film and thickwalled articles. It is not recommended for combinations with UV stabiliser masterbatches. MAXITHEN HP Black contains % fine particle size UV protection pigment black with high chemical purity and with excellent jetness and colour strength, dispersed in polyethylene. It is suitable for the colouration of polyolefins in the film extrusion and injection moulding process. The main applications are in outdoor applications like, for example, agricultural film, mulch film, lamination, sheeting, piping, profiles, and long lasting injection moulding and blow moulding articles. It is especially suitable for combinations with UV stabiliser masterbatches. MAXITHEN HP 99611F Black contains % fine particle size carbon black with a high chemical purity and with excellent jetness and colour strength, dispersed in polyethylene. The special production method ensures an optimum dispersion quality. It is suitable for the colouration of polyolefins in film extrusion and textile applications. The main application is for thin films, monofilaments, woven tapes and fibres. It is especially suitable for combinations with UV stabiliser masterbatches. MAXITHEN PP 98101/35F Black contains 35% fine particle size UV protection pigment black with a high chemical purity and good colour strength, dispersed in polypropylene. An optimum pigment black dispersion is achieved by a special production method. It is suitable for the economic colouration of polypropylene in textile applications. The main application is for very thin films, yarns and textile filaments (BCF Bulk Continuous Filament). It is not recommended for combinations with UV stabiliser masterbatches. MAXITHEN PP Black contains % SRF pigment black with good colour strength, dispersed in polypropylene. It is suitable for the colouration of polypropylene in the extrusion and injection moulding process. The main application is for long lasting thickwalled articles like, for example sheets, pipes, profiles, fittings, containers, covers and other technical articles. It is not recommended for combinations with UV stabiliser masterbatches. MAXITHEN PS Black contains % pigment black with good colour strength, dispersed in polystyrene. Is suitable for the colouration of crystal clear GPPS (General Purpose Polystyrene) and HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene) for injection moulding and extrusion. Main application is for injection, sheets and other articles. Not recommended for combinations with UV stabiliser masterbatches. 8/14

9 Product Features (3) MAXITHEN PS 996 Black contains 31% fine particle size UV protection pigment black with a high chemical purity and with excellent jetness and colour strength, dispersed in polystyrene. It is suitable for the colouration of crystal clear GPPS and HIPS for injection moulding and extrusion. The main application is for long lasting articles like, for example, films, sheets, pipes, profiles, fittings, containers, covers and other technical articles. It is suitable for UV protection of GPPS and HIPS, especially suitable for combinations with UV stabiliser masterbatches. UNIMAX UN 9121 Black Universal black masterbatch, 50 % pigment black with excellent jetness and colour strength, high opacity and thermal stability, dispersed in an universal carrier system. Especially developed for thickwalled applications for injection moulding, extrusion and blow moulding. This product has been specifically engineered for use in nearly all thermoplastic polymers and is recommended up to a maximum dosage of 2%. It is main recommended for polyolefins, soft PVC, GPPS, HIPS, ABS, PA, POM. UNIMAX UN Black Universal black masterbatch, 50 % pigment black with good jetness and colour strength, high opacity and thermal stability, dispersed in an universal carrier system. It has been especially developed for thickwalled applications for injection moulding, extrusion and blow moulding. This product has been specifically engineered for use in nearly all thermoplastic polymers and is recommended up to a maximum dosage of 2%. e.g. in polyolefins, soft PVC, GPPS, HIPS, ABS, PA, POM. 9/14

10 Technical Application (1) Influence of MAXITHEN HP on the Light Stability of PP Tapes POLYMER: SCIMEN: EXPOSURE: CRITERION: PP Homopolymer PP Tapes, 50 µm thickness WOM (dry), 60 C bpt 50 % tensile strength without 0,5% PP 79021/20 UV 1,5% PP 79021/20 UV 1,5% PP 79870/20 UV 3% PP UV % HP ,6% HP WOM hours0,30% HP natural Influence of MAXITHEN HP99611 on the Light Stability of PP Sheets (2mm) POLYMER: SCIMEN: EXPOSURE: CRITERION: PP Homopolymer PP Sheets, 2mm thickness Florida, 45 South, until 0 kly beginning of chalking without 0,5% PP 79021/20 UV 1,5% PP 79021/20 UV 1,5% PP 79870/20 UV 3% PP UV kly Florida 6% HP ,6% HP ,3% HP natur 10/14

11 Technical Application (2) Alteration of Opacity of LD Film through Colouration with MAXITHEN HP Black Measurement: Translucer TL Transmission (%) 60 natural 0,50% HP ,25% HP ,5o% HP ,00% HP thickness (Micron) Alteration of Opacity of LD Film through Colouration with MAXITHEN HP Black Measurement: Translucer TL Transmission (%) natural 0,50% HP ,25% HP ,50% HP ,00% HP thickness (Micron) 11/14

12 Technical Application (3) UVTransmission of LD Film (30 µm) Measurement: Phyma PC0X 90,00 80,00 70,00 Transmission (%) 60,00 50,00,00 30,00 20,00 natural 0,50% HP ,50% HP ,25% HP ,25% HP ,00 0, Wavelength (nm) UV Transmission of LD Film (60 µm) Measurement: Phyma PC0X 70,00 60,00 Transmission (%) 50,00,00 30,00 natural 0,50% HP ,50% HP ,25% HP ,25% HP ,00 10,00 0, Wavelength (nm) 12/14

13 This product information supercedes all indications in the relevant technical data sheets. All indications in this product information were elaborated for support and service to our customers. All data and statements in this product information have been obtained from laboratory tests under ideal and closely controlled conditions. The information should act as a guide only and should not be construed as guaranteeing specific properties or suitability for a particular application. Therefore, trials by customers using their polymers and their conditions must confirm the suitability of our product for the intended application. Technical Service Black Masterbatches 06/2010.ppt 13/14

14 Contacts GabrielChemie Gesellschaft m.b.h. Industriestrasse 1 A2352 Gumpoldskirchen T 43 (0)2252 / F 43 (0)2252 / info@gabrielchemie.com GabrielChemie Deutschland GmbH Ritzenschattenhalb 1 D87480 Weitnau/Oberallgäu T 49 (0)8375 / F 49 (0)8375 / info@de.gabrielchemie.com GabrielChemie UK LTD Transfesa Road Paddock Wood. Kent, TN 12 6 UT T 44 (0)1892 / F 44 (0)1892 / info@uk.gabrielchemie.com GabrielChemie Bohemia s.r.o. K Lihovaru 172 CZ Láznĕ Bohdaneč T / F / info@cz.gabrielchemie.com GabrielChemie Hungária Kft. Debreceni ut 269 H40 Nyiregyhaza T / F / info@hu.gabrielchemie.com GabrielChemie Polska sp. z o.o. ul. Obywatelska 128/ Łódź T F info@pl.gabrielchemie.com GabrielChemie Romania S.R.L. Timisoara, Loc. Chisoda DN 59 Km8 550 m stanga Cod Romania T F info@ro.gabrielchemie.com GabrielChemie Representation Croatia Kaptol 24 HR10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska T F d.vuga@hr.gabrielchemie.com OOO GabrielChemie RUS 2 poc. Dorohovo, Ruzsky raion Moskovskaya st. d.8 RU Russia T F info@ru.gabrielchemie.com Our net of AGENTS and DISTRIBUTORS is listed on our website: 14/14

productrange_en_ed11_ PRODUCTRANGE

productrange_en_ed11_ PRODUCTRANGE PRODUCTRANGE CONTENTS: COLOUR MASTERBATCHES for POLYOLEFINS...3 COLOUR MASTERBATCHES for STYRENICS... 5 COLOUR MASTERBATCHES for ENGINEERING POLYMERS... 6 UNIVERSAL MASTERBATCHES... 7 BASIC PREPARATIONS