Uncovering the technical specifications for interoperability as determined by the ERA to harmonise European safety standards München, 12.09.2012, 4 th annual Fire Protection and Safety in Tunnels
Content I. Introduction, role of EBA II. Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) III. TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) 2
Content I. Introduction, role of EBA II. Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) III. TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) 3
German rail market 2011 33.000 track km, thereof 20.000 km electrified 170 infrastructure managers 400 railway undertakings 113 Billion tonkm 85 Billion passengerkm tunnel (number / length in km): 690/ 500 4
Railway safety organization Organisation, Legislation, Functional supervision Railways: Safe building*, Keeping in safe condition, Safe operation ensured by installation of a safety management system Federal Railway Safety Authority (EBA): Authorisation of safety relevant regulations Authorisations for Rolling Stock, Railway Infrastructure Licensing and Safety Certification of Railways, Supervision by random checks Accident Investigation Body Accident Investigation, Safety Recommendations *Safe building of RST: manufacturer 5
Regional The Federal Organisation Railway Authority its locations 6
Content I. Introduction, role of EBA II. Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) and management of safety III. TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) 7
Technical harmonisation, TSI in force High Speed Conventional HS + Conv. Infrastructure Infrastructure People with reduced mobility Energy Energy Safety in railway tunnels Rolling Stock Freight wagons, Rolling Stock Rolling Stock, Noise Control Command Signaling (CCS) CCS Operation Operation Maintenance Telematics for passenger application, Telematics for freight application 8
Technical harmonisation, principals of the new approach 1. TSI are developed with the principles of the so called New Approach : a) Legal harmonisation limited to essential requirements that a product must meet (Dir. 2008/57/EC, Annex III: safety, reliability and availability, health, environmental protection, technical compatibility; Annex III: more specified in detail.) b) Technical specifications for products are defined in harmonised standards; mandated by the Commission and reference is published in the official journal of the EU, application voluntary but presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements 9
TSI to achieve interoperability 2. TSI to achieve interoperability: a) Railway system is broken down into subsystems: structural areas: infrastructure, energy, control-command and signalling, rolling stock; functional areas: traffic operation and management, maintenance, telematics applications for passenger and freight services. b) TSI specify for each of the subsystems the basic parameters and mandatory technical specifications especially regarding: - Subsystems, - Constituents and the - Interfaces 10
TSI to achieve an interoperable target system National System Targetsystem National Rules MS 1 National Rules MS 2 National Rules MS 3 National Rules MS 4 SC, OP MS 1 SC, OP MS 2 TSI, Chapter 4 SC, OP MS 3 SC, OP MS 4 MS = Member State SC = Specific Case (in TSI SRT:./.), OP = Open Point (in TSI SRT: Conformity assessment procedure for maintenance rules referred to in Chapter 6 section F4) 11
Reference in the TSI are also mandatory 3. Norms, that are referenced in the TSI a) By reference to a standard in a TSI (or part of it) this standard (version, date) becomes mandatory, example: 4.2.2.9. Escape signage This specification applies to all tunnels of more than 100 m length. The escape signage indicates the emergency exits, the distance and the direction to a safe area. All signs shall be designed according to the requirements of Directive 92/58/EC of 24 June 1992 concerning the provision of health and/or safety signs at work and to ISO 3864-1. Only standards that are absolutely necessary to achieve interoperability, should be referenced in the TSI! 12
Voluntary Standards 3. Other standards: Voluntary, but presumption of conformity regarding the corresponding essential requirements; Published in the list of the harmonised standards in the Official Journal, Listed in the Application guides for the different TSI (available for ENE, INF, LOC & PAS, CCS, OPE CR and on the ERA web-page: www.era.europa.eu/core-activities/interoperability/pages/stnd.aspx). 4. Conclusion: TSI to achieve interoperability, Standards to achieve harmonisation 13
TSI verification as part of the placing into service! 14
CSM risk evaluation and assessment Reg. 352/2009, applicable since 07/2010 respectively from 07/2012 on CSM conformity assessment for safety certification Reg. 1158/2010 applicable since 01/2011 CSM conformity assessment for safety authorisation Reg. 1158/2010 applicable since 01/2011 CSM Monitoring for RU, IM. ECM Decided in RISC CSM Supervision for NSA regarding RU, IM Decided in RISC Common Safety Methods to support management of safety in the railway system Common Safety Methods CD 2004/49/EC, Article 6 19 April 2012 15
Independent assessment Hazard management Preliminary system definition Significant change? Risk assessment System definition CSM: Methodology to evaluate and assess the risk of technical or organisational changes Hazard identification and classification Broadly acceptable risk? Risk analysis 3 possible ways to evaluate significant changes: Apply recognized rule of technology (Code of practice) Proof that safety level is maintained Qualified risk assessment Code of practice Similar reference system(s) Explicit risk estimation Risk evaluation (Comparison with criteria) Safety requirements Demonstration of compliance with safety requirements
Common Safety Methods to support management of safety in the railway system Application of the CSM on RA as the leading system! TSIs NoBo certificate NNTRs DeBo certificate
Content I. Introduction, role of EBA II. Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) III. TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) 18
TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) All TSI have the same structure 1. Introduction 2. Definition of aspect/scope 3. Essential requirements 4. Characterisation of the subsystem 5. Interoperability constituents 6. Assessment of conformity and/or suitability for use of the constituents and verification of the subsystem 7. Implementation Annex A to G SRT Shall apply from 1. July 2008 Transeuropean Conventional and high-speed rail system 19
TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) Principles regarding the scope apply to tunnels longer than 1 km. tunnel longer than 20 km require a special safety investigation. TSI apply to tunnels in the countryside (small traffic volume) as well as to those in the heart of urban areas with a great number of trains and passengers. Applies to new, upgraded and renewed tunnels it prescribes only minimal requirements. TSI conformity does not constitute per se a guarantee for safe placing in service and safe operation Member States have to verify, whether the local circumstances require additional measures to those specified in this TSI. They can do that by mean of a risk analysis or any other state-of-the art methodology. the existing safety level shall not be reduced in a country as stipulated in Directive 2004/49/EC. 20
Tunnel-specific Safety measures TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) Principles railway risk: Tunnel-specific incident scenarios: Three types of incidents: - Collision - Derailment - Fire - Explosion - Toxic gas release - Spontaneous evacuation scenarios relate to Hot incidents Cold incidents Prolonged stop 21
TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) Tunnel-specific Safety measures Instruments to reduce the RISKS: Prevention Mitigation Evacuation All four successive layers necessary to be applied! Rescue Low level of residual risk 22
TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) Principles TSI consists of a coherent set of measures for the subsystems thus delivering an optimal level of safety in tunnels in the most costefficient way Infrastructure Energy control-command & signalling Rolling stock traffic operation & management subsystems 23
TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) Selected measures Prevention Mitigation Infrastructure Energy only the minimum number of switch and crossings layouts Hot axle detectors traffic operation & management subsystems Rolling stock Hot axle box incidents, the Defective train shall stop ahead of the tunnel Emergency brake override Running capability for passenger trains Material properties for rolling stock 24
TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) Selected measures Evacuation Rescue Infrastructure Energy traffic operation & management subsystems Escape walkways with emergency lighting and escape signage Emergency exits to the surface or to the other tube Fire protection requirements for structure and materials Overhead line or conductor rail earthing Emergency plan Emergency communication Access for rescue services Fire protection requirements for structure and materials Electricity supply Segmentation of overhead line Emergency plan 25
TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) Selected measures A low level of residual risk Infrastructure Fire protection requirements for structure and materials Water supply Emergency communication traffic operation & management subsystems Emergency plan aim The tunnel repair in a cost-efficient way and neighbouring structures above the tunnel are not be at risk. 26
Thank you for your kind attendance! www.eisenbahn-bundesamt.de 27
Organizational chart President Mr. Hörster BMVBS Public relations Accident Investigation Notified Body Interoperability Division 1 Central Services Mr Schweinsberg Division 2 Installations Dr. Böhlke Division 3 Rolling Stock, Operation Dr. Thomasch Division 4 Financing Mr Zenker International affairs, Nomination/Supervision of notified bodies Legal affairs Building inspection, approval and inspection of IOHM facilities Placing in service of rolling stock Region North Staff IT Building inspection, approval and inspection of STE-facilities Supervision of rolling stock Budget, Claims Budget, Administration Organisation, Controlling Planning Approval Approval, supervision Tankwagons, transports Of dangerous goods Region Berlin / BB Passenger s rights Supervision of operation Exemptions EBA Region South
Revision of the TSI SRT TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) Definition of requirements for Tunnel of more than 20 km, Scope extension Clear definitions for: railway tunnel safe area designated stopping point (two types) a) fire fighting point b) rescue station requirements for subsystem rolling stock (for example: category A and B including necessary conditions) operation rules application guide 29
TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) interaction between tunnel length / designated stopping point / rolling stock category Category A passenger rolling stock including passenger locomotives FFP FFP The rolling stock shall not be impacted by type 2 fire and the rolling stock must be able to run at minimum speed of 80 km/h for 4 minutes under this conditions. FFP FFP FFP - fire fighting point RS - rescue station FFP FFP FFP FFP - 5 km - RS FFP 30
TSI for safety in railway tunnels (SRT) Category B passenger rolling stock including passenger locomotives - 5 km - The rolling stock shall not be impacted by type 2 fire and the rolling stock must be able to run at a minimum speed of 80 km/h for 15 minutes under this conditions. FFP FFP FFP FFP FFP - fire fighting point RS - rescue station FFP RS - 20 km - FFP 31