Technology Demonstration Component National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) VADAVATHUR VILLAGE, NAMAKKAL DISTRICT. Tamil Nadu B.Mohan Programme Coordinator TANUVAS - Krishi Vigyan Kendra Veterinary College and Research Institute Campus, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu.
Technology Demonstration Site Population : 2850 No. of households : 869 Cultivated area : 124 ha Major crops : Onion, Ground nut, Sorghum Source of irrigation : Village(s) : Vadavathur & Jambumadai Panchayat: Vadavathur Taluk:Namakkal Open wells - Bore wells - 374 nos 125 nos Community water bodies : 4 ponds Major climate challenge: Drought Average annual rainfall:410 mm Latitude:11.9241N Longitude: 78.11917E / 531 MSL
Major Challenges Drought ( Frequent Dry spells above 20 days) Annual Rainfall 410 mm One Crop Onion or Sorghum Eight months farmers migrate to urban area for job
Natural Resources Management Community Ponds
Community Pond 1 Out come Capacity 12 lakhs CFT Present storage 4lakhsCFT Water table increased 39 wells by 8 to 12 ft 27 acres onion Grown
Community Pond -2 AayiramKuttai Capacity 12 lakhs CFT Present storage 8lakhsCFT 43 acres onion grown
Natural Resources Management Individual farm ponds
Conventional temporary water storage pond
Polythene sheet lined water storage tank Pond formation by farmer ( Rs.12,000) Plastic lining by NICRA scheme ( Rs.14,000)
Stocking fingerlings in temporary water storage pond
Temporary water storage ponds Plastic lining - Outcome Crops cultivated before NICRA Crops cultivated after NICRA Pond area (L X B X H) Area irrigated Onion, Sorghum 30 cents / day = 2.1 acres Turmeric, Onion, Snake gourd & Ridge gourd 70x60X6 feet (1,10,000 lts) 40 cents /day = 2.8 acres
Temporary water storage ponds Plastic lining - Outcome Crops cultivated before NICRA Crops cultivated after NICRA Pond area (L X B X H) Area irrigated Onion, Bhendi 20 cents /day =1.4 acres Onion, Red gram, Cluster bean 57x40x6 feet (63000 lts) 30 cents /day =2.1acres
CROPS
Groundnut
Technology demonstrated 1.Variety TMV 13, CO 6 ( Drought tolerant) 2. Micronutrient Mixture (TNAU Groundnut rich)
3.Intercropping of Groundnut with Red gram
4.Groundnut seed Production TMV 13 and CO 6
5.Conservation of Groundnut Haulms
Drought tolerant Ground nut - TMV 13 Based on the past 17 year (1994-2011) rain fall data, August 2 nd or 3 rd week is optimum time of sowing for rainfed crops TMV 13 Groundnut Sowing July 15 th to 30th Dry Spell from 20 th July to 15 th Aug July and August Max temp 37.9 0 c and 39.5 0 c Rain fall - 348 mm 26 rainy days Groundnut TMV 13 recommended Pod yield 640 kg /ac in TMV13 vs 450 kg in TMV 7 Haulm yield 1250 kg/ac in TMV 13 vs 760 kg in TMV 7
Onion
1.Small onion- Farm pond lining with plastic sheet. Farmer Before After Observations Onion (Bulb) Before After P.Ramar, Vadavathur- 9585587336 0.5 acre 0.75 acre Weight bulb cluster (3-5 bulbs) 9-11 g 23-25 g Water loss 15 cm /day 5 cm / day Shrinkage loss & unmarketable bulbs : 720 kg /15 cent 560 kg /15 cent
2.Mobile Sprinkler to remove frost
Temp min 12 0 C to 14 0 c - for 17 days Management of Tip drying in onion (Dew drops) by Rope method Losses minimized : 3 tonnes / 24 acre
3.Drip irrigation for onion ( 4.35 acres)
Drip irrigation for small onion intercropping with Turmeric 1.40 acre Before After Observations Onion + Turmeric Sorghum 1.45 acre Onion +Turmeric Groundnut 2.5 acre Onion + Turmeric Groundnut 2.5 acres Onion, Lab lab, Bhendi, Fodder Onion (BULB) Before After Weight - bulb cluster (3-5bulbs) Irrigation frequency 15 g 23 g - Once in 6 days.
Flower crops
Drought tolerant Flower crops ( Peak temp 37 to 39.2 o C for 64 days) Before Jasmine = 33.75 % survived Tuberose Var.Boomudi 64% survived After 67.2% survived Variety Ramanathapuram 87 % survived Variety Prajwal.
Fodder
Fodder Bajra Napier Grass (CO 4) 89000 slips for 5.3 acres Temp 37 to 39.2 0 C ( 64 days.) Irrigation once in 15days. 76 % of the plants survived. Yield Summer Apr to Aug (25t /acre) ( Day light was 1.5hours more and intense) Vs Winter ( Oct to Feb) (18 t/acre)
Fodder Multicut fodder Sorghum (COFS 29) 29. 5kg supplied for 7 acres Temp 37 to 39.2 0 C ( 64 days ). No Irrigation for 3 months. 88 % of the plants had re growth after first NE rain. Total yield 35 t /acre/year Withstood trampling by goats Survived even once in 20 days irrigation
Conservation of dry fodder to mitigate drought Crops Sorghum (CO30) Ground nut Haulms ( TMV 13) No.of farmers Total Dry fodder yield ( t ) Total number of animals fed 15 44 Dairy cattle 60 17 11.4 Dairy cattle 34 Goats 85 No of days dry fodder was available 73 34
Fodder seed packing 6318 kgs in 11 months period
Fodder seed packed and supplied S.No Buyers Quantity (kgs) 1 Animal Husbandry 2041 2 Dairy Cooperative 254 3 TANUVAS 521 4 KVK S 176 5 District Water Shed Development Agency 2289 6 Farmers 872 7 Andhra Pradesh & Kerala 165 Total 6318 kgs
Dairy
Dairy Population : Cow -302, Buffalo-21 Nearest Veterinary Dispensary : 8 KM 1.NICRA - Artificial Insemination Center. Cattle inseminated - 64 Pregnant Cows 14 Pregnant Buffaloes 5 Calves born by A.I. 6 Success Rate of AI 39 % Income per insemination Rs. 40/- 2.TN Cooperative Milk Society (Aavin) - ( Members - 26 ) Milk collection per day 135 Lts. 3.Credit Linkage : 16 farmers @ 50,000/farmer for 2 cows
4.Mineral Mixture supplementation Infertility in Cattle: upto 46% ( Soil is deficient in Cu ( 34%) and Mn ( 88% ) Fe (89%) Zn (100%) 200 kg of Mineral mixture has been given to beneficiaries, to reduce the rate of infertility in cattle.
Soil Analysis (110 samples) Organic Carbon.% S.No Range Category No of samples (%) 1 <0.5% Low 72(65.4%) 2 0.5-0.75% Medium 38(34.5%) 3 >0.75% High -
5. Vermicomposting Silpaulin bags (10 units)
Sheep and Goat
SHEEP AND GOAT 1.GENETIC UPGRADATION Goat - (Tellicherry, Sirohi) & Sheep (NARI Swarna) PARAMETERS NARI SWARNA F1 TELLICHERRY CROSS Sheep / goat distributed 4 Rams, 2 Ewes 5 Bucks Birth weight / kid 2.8 Kg. ( Local 2.4 kg) 3.0 kg ( Local 2.6 kg) 6 months weight/ kid Ave.22 kg. ( Local -18 kg) Ave.23 Kg ( Local 17 kg) Females crossed 23 35 Lambs / Kids born 14 28 NARI SWARNA X MEICHERI BLACK TELLICHERY X NATIVE
2.Housing for goat Old Goat Shed Temp from Apr to Aug ( 34 to 39.2 0 c) Sep to Nov 240 mm rain in 14 days Kid mortality 7% due to insufficient milk, Coccidiosis, Tape worm,and PPR outbreaks Kiding interval 9 months Avg. Monthly Weight gain 2.2 kg Kid mortality only 3% sufficient milk, Less morbidity due to PPR, Coccidiosis. Kiding interval 8 months Avg. Monthly Weight gain 2.8 kg New slatted floor shed
3.Mineral Lick making 242 cakes
Desi chicken
Interventions Problem Mortality due to predators upto 35% 1.Semi intensive housing of Desi chicken Rs.3500 / for 100 birds
2. Breed improvement Namakkal chicken 1 Parameters Before After Desi Bird breed Aseel only Aseel Cross, Namakkal Chicken 1 Egg yield /Year 60 160-200 Hatching Natural Brooding Incubator Hatchability % 45% 65% Vaccination No vaccination Ranikhet and Fowl Pox Mortality % 35% (Due to Ranikhet) 5% (Chick mortality) 3. COMMUNITY INCUBATOR - 400 EGGS / HATCHING CAPACITY Farmers benefited : 23 No. of chicks hatched out : 623. Sale Price/chick : Rs.40 Net Income : Rs.15/chick Custom Hiring Charges : Rs.7/ Desi bird egg
3. Ranikhet Disease free village Out breaks Temp above 35 0 C for one week. ( Feb, May and Aug 2012) Alert system for vaccination. 1046 birds vaccinated HI titer : Vaccinated birds 128, Unvaccinated 22 Vaccinators trained : 6
Major Constraints Community Incubator: Electricity shortage. 850 VA capacity UPS, and 180Ah Battery
Custom Hiring Centre S.No Equipment No. of beneficiaries Revenue Generated (Rs) 1. Rotavator 177 1,03,200.00 2. Spring cultivator 169 79,110.00 3. Seed cum fertilizer drill 26 16,415.00 4. Bund former 4 3,500.00 5. Weighing balance 51 724.00 6. Battery operated sprayer 16 920.00 7. Mobile sprinkler 12 3622.50 8. Chain block 8 4000.00 9. Incubator 12 4330.00 Total 475 2,15,821.50 10. Total Expenses 1,37,426.00 11. Net Income 78,395.00
Village Climate Risk Management Committee (VCRMC) Name of the VCRMC Thalamalaiyan Pasumai Iyyakkam Village name No. of members A/C no. Bank details Amount (Rs.) Vadavathur 19 945133345 31,945.00 Porkalangium Jambumadai 12 6001310768 14,324.00 Mullai 13 6017391718 12,715.00 12/11/2012
Convergence with NREGS
After NICRA intervention an Indian bank has started functioning
Cross learning Villupuram Dt. NICRA farmers
Cross learning Chinthamani KVK NICRA farmers
Sharing our Experience ATMA District Farmers Scientist meet 124 farmers from 6 blocks and 32 extension functionaries
Major lesson learnt
Temp Sep 2011 Oct 2011 Nov 2011 Dec 2011 Jan 2012 Feb 2012 Mar 2012 Apr 2012 May 2012 Jun 2012 Jul 2012 Max 34.2 32.4 29.9 30.6 31.5 34.5 36.8 37.4 37.1 36.3 34.1 34.9 Min 25.7 22.1 20.9 18.7 16.9 12.6 20.0 24.5 25.1 25.2 24.0 24.2 Rain Fall (mm) Rainy days In Drought areas Integrated Farming System (IFS) 86 202 95 19 1 0 0 32 44 0 14.2 31 7 15 7 2 - - - 3 4 0 2 2 MA JOR CROPPING SEASON ONION Jasmine Jasmine GROUND NUT & RED GRAM Tuberose SORGHUM Tapioca DAIRY CATTLE ( Daily income ) DESI BIRDS ( Weekly Income ) SHEEP & GOAT ( Yearly Income ) Tuberose Tapioca Aug 2012
Thank you TANUVAS- Krishi Vigyan Kendra Namakkal-637 002, Tamil Nadu.