Sustainable and Innovative Climate Change Initiatives in the Tourism Sector UNWTO-ASEAN International Conference on Tourism and Climate Change Legazpi, Philippines 19 May 2014
Global Tourism Emissions in 2005: CO2 Only Sub-Sectors CO 2 (Mt) Air transport * 522 2% Car transport 418 1.7% Other transport 39 0.1% Accommodation 274 1% Activities 52 0.2% TOTAL 1,307 5% Total World (IPCC 2007) 26,400 100% Tourism Contribution * - does not include non-co2 emissions and impact on climate
Tourism Vulnerability Hotspots Source: World Tourism Organization WS = Warmer Summers WW = Warmer Winters EE = increase in extreme events SLR = Sea Level Rise TCI = Travel Cost Increase from mitigation policy LB = Land Biodiversity loss MB = Marine Biodiversity loss D = increase in Disease outbreaks PD = Political Destabilization W = Water scarcity Regional Knowledge Gaps
Green Economy - Energy Scenario 44% savings of energy consumption in 2050 in relation to BAU because of modal shift (less carbon intensive transport: electrified train and coach), behavioral changes (shorter-haul trips), better energy management (setting targets and benchmarking for hotels), technological advances in fuel efficiency CO2 emissions will descend 52% by 2050 in relation to BAU
The Davos Process on Climate Change and Tourism CC & Tourism. Djerba Adaptation to CC in the Tourism sector From Davos to Bali Low carbon travel T&T in the Green Economy CC and Tourism: Responding to Global Challenges CC Adaptation & Mitigation From Davos to Copenhagen and Beyond 2003 Djerba 2007 Davos - Bali 2009 Copenhagen 2010 Cancun 2011 Durban 2012 Doha 2020 2050
Program for Energy Efficiency in Thai Hotels (PEEK)
Energy Efficiency with Hotels in Thailand (2008-2011) Reduce GHG emissions in hotels with energy efficiency and renewable energy solutions, Kho Khao and Khao Lak Partnership with the Ministry of Tourism and Sports (MoTS), Thailand
Project Activities Collection of environmental data of the hotels Energy audits and individual recommendations Construction of technologies Establishment of baseline data for performance monitoring
Achievements of PEEK Hotels Energy saving technological implementations
Technologies Implemented Heat pump Air conditioning (A/Cs) Efficient pool pumps Insulation Wind-solar hybrid power system Key tag separation protection
Organizational & Low Cost Measures Lighting Kitchen refrigerators Providing thin blankets Information to the guests crosscut.com
Energy Efficiency Handbook for Hotels Practical guidance on energy efficiency and energy saving measures Information on renewable energy technologies applicable to hotels Achieve competitiveness of energy costs, while caring for guest comfort levels
Highlight of PEEK hotels Khao Lak Seaview Resort
PEEK Highlight: Khao Lak Seaview Resort Highest energy consumer among the other PEEK hotels (average 2,500,000 kwh/year) Electricity consumption for Khao Lak Seaview Resort Others 20% Lighting 20% Water heating 10% Air condition 50%
Technology: Heat pump system 7 heat pumps saving 75% of electricity compared to standard electrical heaters Produce 330 liters/hour of warm water (60 C) PEEK also introduced no/low cost and behavior change measures
Electricity Savings Achieved 2,600,000 25,000 Annual kwh saving 240,000 kwh, 8-10% from baseline 2,500,000 20,000 Electricty consumed IkWh) 2,400,000 2,300,000 2,200,000 15,000 10,000 Annual kwh EUR saved 2,100,000 5,000 2,000,000 0 2009 (baseline) 2010 2011 2012 Payback of investment achieved in 2 years
CO2 Reductions Achieved Year CO2 reduction (ton/year)* 2010 139.18 2011 110.48 2012 113.92 Total 363.58 *Using Emission Factor of 0.5057 tco2/mwh Equals to 159 return economy flights, between Madrid and Bali!
Outcomes of PEEK Knowledge, awareness, planning Some hotels continuously monitor energy consumption Great interest generated and best practices replicated to other regions (e.g. STREAM)
Best practices of PEEK inspires next project The STREAM project (2011-2014)
Sustainable Tourism through Energy Efficiency with Adaptation and Mitigation Measures Holistic approach on locally feasible climate change mitigation and adaptation measures in Indonesia to be replicated to other tourism destinations
Best practices of PEEK to STREAM Lessons learnt PEEK Local engagement Pangandaran (LWG)
Local Working Group, Pangandaran One of our key of success is the active participation of various local communities in sustainable tourism development
MITIGATION Reduce emission of green house gases in tourism Baseline data collection STREAM Components Technological Installations ADAPTATION Reduce vulnerability toward climate change impact Training & Community Awareness Programs
Project Implementation and Time Plan
Climate Change Mitigation Actions 17 hotels and 2 restaurants committed to reduce energy consumption Establish energy baseline, install energy efficient and renewable energy technologies, monitor energy performance Hotel and Restaurant Association to ensure sustainability of disseminate energy measures among members Training with hotel manager and staff on energy management
Climate Change Adaptation in Tourism Destination Planted 35,000 mangroves, estimated 21 ton CO2eq carbon sink in first year Supporting infrastructure: nursery, seedling ground, information center 1,975 individuals from ministry level to local community groups and school children
Mangrove Ambassadors 18 local schools, 380 school kids as Mangrove Ambassador Integrate with environmental studies, practical sessions to plant & monitor Awareness campaigns (e.g. cap painting contest) on climate change actions
Linking Climate Change with Tourism Mangrove adoption tour Working with local environmental group and village governments Innovative and emotional element, linking with other local tourism activities
Conclusions / Key messages Tourism industry must play a strong role as a part of a broader response to climate change, but it should not be disadvantaged through the imposition of a disproportionate burden. Tourism generates wealth, creates jobs and contributes to the alleviation of poverty. No discrimination against developing countries, especially long-haul destinations, by creating obstacles to their economic development. Special consideration to LDCs and SIDS by providing financial, technical and training support. Mitigation measures in the context of a global concept of tourism considering social and economic costs and benefits. No duplication of emission rates for transport and other tourism-related activities. Assignment of all revenues from taxes and trade of emission permits to GHG mitigation activities.
Thank you! Dr. Dirk Glaesser Director Sustainable Development of Tourism Programme World Tourism Organization.. Tel: + 34 91 5678 224 Fax: + 34 91 5713 733 email: dglaesser@unwto.org www.unwto.org