Thailand s Alternative Energy Development Plan By Yaowateera Achawangkul, Ph.D. Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE) Ministry of Energy, THAILAND National Dialogue on the Urban Nexus in Thailand 2 nd March, 2017 1
Thailand Energy Situation 2015 Thailand is net energy importer Imported Hydro Power 1.53% Traditional RE 9.68% Fossil Fuels 75.85% 77,881 ktoe Renewable 12.94% Final Energy Consumption 2015 Energy Consumption by Sector Source : Alternative Energy and Efficiency Information Center, DEDE 2
Thai Government Energy Policy Secure Thailand Energy supply Exploration and production of natural gas and crude oil both in the sea and on land More new power plant by government agencies and private organizations Increase the use of renewable energy International energy development cooperation Fair Energy Pricing Energy price restructure Appropriate tax between different types of oil Energy conservation More efficient use of energy Awareness of consumer Prime Minister s speech delivered in COP21 Thailand pledges a 20 to 25 percent reduction in its emission of greenhouse gases by 2030. 3
Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) 2015-2036 4
5
Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) 2015-2036 Goal: Target 30% renewables in Total Energy Consumption by 2036 ktoe Target ktoe RE Consumption (ktoe) 39,388.67 Final Energy Consumption (ktoe) 131,000 RE share (%) 30% Final Energy Consumption RE Consumption 2007 2015 2036 6
Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) 2015-2036 Foundation: Commitment to the development of a low-carbon society Facilitator: Private-led investment Strategy: Alternative Energy Development Plan 2015-2036 Facilitator: Government funded RD&D Goal: Target 30% renewables in Total Energy Consumption by 2036 Bio-Energy Biomass Biogas 5,570 MW 1,280 MW MSW + Industrial Waste 550 MW Bio-Fuel Ethanol Biodiesel Pyrolysis Oil 11.3 ML/Day 14 ML/Day 0.53 ML/Day 22,100 ktoe 1,283 ktoe 495 ktoe CBG Alt. Fuels* 6,720 MW Power 23,878 Ktoe Heat 4,800 t/day 10 ktoe Solar Wind Hydro New-Energy 6,000 MW 3,002 MW 1,200 Ktoe 9,002 MW Power 1,200 Ktoe Heat Large Hydro 2,906.40 MW 3,282.40 MW Small Hydro 376 MW Geothermal, Used Tire Oil, etc. 10 ktoe * Alternative fuels = Bio-oil, Hydrogen 7
Principle Activities under AEDP 2015 Electricity Heat Transportation Solving the bottleneck problem of national grid Support for power generation from unutilized fuel (e.g. agricultural & industrial waste, fast growing crop) Promote local RE resource for power generation (Distributed Green Generation: DGG) Enhance the competitive bidding for power purchasing Enhance for the heat production from transform RE fuel (pellet, RDF) Promote local content in RE machinery Study for appropriate Renewable heat incentive (RHI) Promote heat utilization in building by building code establishing (solar energy) Promote RE heat utilization in household (e.g. high eff. Cooking stove) Promote utilization of biodiesel in transportation / industrial sector Promote gasohol utilization Promote CBG utilization for vehicle and industry Promote biofuel production efficiency improvement 8
Success Factors in Thailand s RE Implementation o Solving for national grid constraints o Reducing for the gaps in electricity purchase tariffs among PPAs signed in different times o Reducing for inconsistent regulations and overlapped regulations among government departments (e.g. Town and Country Planning Act, Industrial Act) o Promote the collaboration between RE-related organizations (both of government and private sector) o Reducing for community and people opposing in RE projects 9
Linkages of Thailand s Energy Policies with Urban Nexus Project Promote and support the sustainable utilization of RE from domestic resources, for commitment to low-carbon society Extremely promote the utilization of Bioenergy and Biofuel (Biomass/Biogas/MSW/Bioethanol/Biodiesel), in order to reduce urban s sewage and increase benefit to farmer, as well as community Enhance the participation of community for RE generation (solar rooftop/solar PV for agri. Co-op/ DGG/ community CBG) Promote the utilization of alternative RE feedstock, to prevent the competition between food and energy 10
Thank you for Your attention 11