Thailand s Renewable Energy Development-Plans and Implementation at the community level Dr. Twarath Sutabutr Deputy Director-General Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), Ministry of Energy, Thailand Royal Thai Embassy 2 September 2013 1
Contents Energy Situation in Thailand Alternative Energy Development Plan (2012-2021) RE Policy for community level Existing RE community based projects 2
Final Energy Consumption in Thailand thousand barrel oil equivalent/day Domestic 66% Import 34% Hydropower 3% Coal/Lignite 17% Domestic 31% Import 69% Natural Gas 44% Import 19% Domestic 81% Domestic 15% Oil 36% Import 85% 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012p Preliminary Consumption Oil Natural Gas Coal/Lignite Electricity Total Growth (%) 4.7 9.2 5.0 3.4 6.7 Source : Ministry of Energy 2013 3
Thailand s Energy Import Value Million baht Energy Import value NG+LNG 10% Coal 3% Electricity 1% Petroleum product 9% 2012 Crude oil 77% 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012p Elec. Coal Natural gas+lng Petroleum Crude oil Import value in 2012p 1,441,790 million baht 2012 Crude oil P : Preliminary Petroleum product NG+LNG Coal Electricity Total Import value(million baht) 1,115,366 122,634 138,952 46,770 18,069 1,441,790 Growth (%) 14.1 30.1 23.8 10.5 30.4 16.5 Source : Ministry of Energy 2013 4
Country Strategy Green Economy Growth & Competitive ness People/Quality of life /Knowledge/Justice Balance & Develop Public management Infrastructure/ Production/R&D Economic Growth Sustainable Development Environmental Friendly Inclusive Growth Green Growth Laws & Regulations Fostering economic growth and development in environmental friendly way 5
Alternative Energy Development Plan Committed to the development of low-carbon society Target - 25% of AE in total energy consumption by 2021 Promote AE community uses Encouraging Private Investment Improve Support infrastructure Promote R&D as a tool for RE industry Publicly Promote better understanding Supporting Law and regulations Bio-energy Biomass Biogas MSW Solar Wind 4,800 MW 3,600 MW 400 MW 12,000 ktoe 1,200 ktoe 200 ktoe 3,000 MW 100 ktoe 1,800 MW Ocean New Energy Geothermal Biofuel EtOH Biodiesel New fuels 9 ML/Day 7.20 ML/Day 3 ML/Day Hydropower 324 MW 2 MW 1 MW 6
Local Energy Planning (LEP) Initiative Bottom-Up Approach + Inclusive Planning Process Translation of Planning into Investment Aiming at 100% RE Inclusive Planning Top-Down (Ministry Policy) Action Plans Bottom-UP (Community needs) Inter-Org. or Donors CSR Gov- Funds Service -fee Investment Blueprint Communityfocused Coop 7
Existing RE community based projects 1. Mini/Micro Hydropower Mini Hydropower 22 projects, Total Capacity 43.318 MW Now 4 projects in pipeline Micro Hydropower 47 projects, Total Capacity 1,590 kw Provide electricity for 4,115 households 8
Best RE community based projects Micro-hydropower at Ban Mae Kampong Small village in Chiang Mai with an area of 1 m 2 surrounded by the forest area with the domination of hill evergreen forest 25 years ago Lack of infrastructure : No electricity, Extremely arid route Main revenue from fermented-tea production Light from Kerosene lamps 9
Best RE community based projects Micro-hydropower at Ban Mae Kampong 1979 King initiative to develop local hydro resource as power for community 1982 DEDE developed 1 st hydropower 20 kw lighting at night 1983 DEDE provided technical support & educated local people to manage hydropower system 1986 Hydropower cooperative launched by community 1987 2 nd hydropower 40 kw started support for more electricity demand 2002 PEA national grid coming, 40% of 130 households change to use PEA grid instead Idea for selling surplus electricity to PEA grid 2007 Community cooperative selling electricity 25 kw to PEA under VSPP program Selling electricity generate revenue 30,000 40,000 baht/month to community cooperative 1
Best RE community based projects Micro-hydropower at Ban Mae Kampong Culture and Way of Life Homestay Energy empowers local people for better quality of life, job creation and new business opportunities Local product development Eco-tourism 1
Best RE community based projects Micro-hydropower at Ban Mae Kampong Conserve nature Sustainable Development Natural resources Opportunity & income Economic development with environmental protection 1
Existing RE community based projects 2. Biodiesel for communities Objective Using local raw material such as used cooking oil, animal fat etc. for biodiesel production Replace diesel in low-speed engines Project managed by Local authorities 448 communitie Accumulated B100 Production 10 communities are excellent/good ranking ~ 2,200,000 Liters 13
Existing RE community based projects 3. Biogas Popular DEDE 1 Model : Capacity less than 10 m 3 /day DEDE 2 Model ; Capacity less than 2 m 3 /day 14
Existing RE community based projects 3. Biogas Biogas Network Khuan Khanun District, Phatthalung province Objective 8 village, more than 1,000 households Replace LPG for cooking in household Reduce environmental impact from swine farm Pilot project for biogas network in Thailand Project managed by Local authorities
พพ. 1 เพ อจ ายก าซช วภาพให ราษฎร หม ท 8 และหม ท 4 บางส วน CD Jr CD Jr พพ. 1 Layout of the biogas pipeline 27 km พพ. 1 พพ. 1 พพ. 1 CD Jr เพ อจ ายก าซช วภาพ ให ราษฎร หม ท 4 CDUA พพ. 1 พพ. 1 CDUA พพ. 1 CD Jr เพ อจ ายก าซช วภาพให ราษฎร หม ท 1, 3,5 และ 7
RE Policy for community level 3. Napeir grass National Energy Policy committee resolution on July 16th,2013 => Joint project among 9 ministries (1) Energy (2) Society (3) Agriculture (4) Education (5) Sci & Tech (6) Industry (7) Interior (8) Natural resource and Envir (9) Commerce => Pilot project by MOEN Napeir grass => Biogas Objective 1. Power generation 3,000 MW 2. CBG for transportation 3. Replace LPG 17
RE Policy for community level 3. Napeir grass February 15 th,2013 Prime minister Yingluck Shinawatra opened 1 st CBG project in Thailand for transportation at Amphoe Mae Taeng, Chiangmai Joint project : DEDE + Maejo university + PTT + UAC CBG generation from waste water from swine farm + Napeir grass 18
Pilot project on green energy for community enterprise (biogas production from Napier grass) Subsidy investment cost 20 % Budget 300 million baht Project period 54 months Principles Encourage community enterprise for energy crop production Contract between community enterprise & Biogas plants Biogas utilization in 3 categories : - Electricity generation - Compress Bio Gas (CBG) production for Transport - Replace LPG Secure income for farmers All stakeholders generate income from biogas utilization Energy security in Thailand Outcome Objective Pilot project which could be magnified all over the country Targeted area - Non - irrigated area - Irrigated area - Low rice production area 1. Agricultural sector - Encourage energy crop growing in appropriate areas - Generate income for farmers at least 3,500 baht/rai/yr 2. Industrial sector - Promote investment in energy industry - Biogas to support power generation stability - Organic Fertilizer after biogas production process * 6.25 rai = 1 hectare 19
Pilot project on green energy for community enterprise (biogas production from Napier grass) Potential Areas Pijit irrigated area Phetchabun Non-irrigated area Nong Khai Low rice production Nakhon Sawan Irrigated area Khon Kaen Non-irrigated area Kanchanaburi Non-irrigated area Sakaew Low rice production
Existing RE community based projects Biogas System in municipalities 16 Units (DEDE) 4. Municipal Solid Waste Biogas system for waste management in hotel & establishment 78 units (EPPO) Biogas system in prison 5 Units (EPPO) Small digester for food waste 540 Units (DEDE) Biogas System in fresh market 3 Units (DEDE) 21
Existing RE community based projects 5. Solar Energy Solar PV Target area : Far from transmission line or lack of power grid - School - Health station - Community center - Military & Border patrol police base - National forest - Royal Development projects Outcome : Since 1993-2011 - No. 1,756 areas - Total Capacity 3,905.491 kw Greenhouse Solar Dryer Target group : Community enterprise Outcome : Until 2011 - No. 14 unit - Area 2,000 m 2 22
RE Policy for community level 5.1. Solar PV Rooftop National Energy Policy committee resolution on July 16 th,2013 => Feed-in Tariff (FIT) for Solar PV Rooftop => Objectives - Encourage private & community investment in solar power - Minimize Peak Load - Energy security Solar Rooftop Target 200 MWp 100 MWp 100 MWp Household SME & Factory FIT Rate 1. Household (0-10 kwp) = 6.96 baht/unit 2. Small Enterprise (10-250 kwp) = 6.55 baht/unit 3. Medium & Large Enterprise /Factory (250 1,000 kwp) = 6.16 baht/unit supported period 25 years and COD in December 2013 2
RE Policy for community level 5.2. Community Scale Solar National Energy Policy committee resolution on July 16th,2013 => Joint project : MOEN + National Village & Urban Community Fund Office => Objectives - Encourage community participation - Job creation & generate incomes for community - Promote distributed RE power or Distributed Green Generation) Target for Community Scale Solar 800 MWp Village/Community Invest 60 Mbaht 1 Government Savings Bank 2 Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives Community Fund 15 Mbaht Loan from GSB 1 /BAAC 2 45 Mbaht 1 MW Supported period 25 yrs COD in December 2014 2
RE Policy for community level 5.2. Community Scale Solar FIT Rate for Community Scale Solar FIT (baht/kwh) 9.75 6.50 4.50 Project IRR : 13.6% Pay back period 6 yrs Year 1-3 => Loan payment ability Year 4-10 => Avg. income 2 MBaht/yr Year 11-25 => Avg. income 4 MBaht/yr * Supported period 25 yrs * COD in December 2014 3 10 25 Year 25
RE Policy for community level Distributed Green Generation : DGG Basic concept Launch by community Manage by community Benefit for community Power Resource from community Support by public & private sector 2
www.dede.go.th DEDE: Knowledge Base organization and sustainable development Centre of RE and EE 27