Dr. Shane Colclough Dip EE, BSc, MIE, MBA, PhD, MIEI, CEng, EurIng Chairman Passive House Association of Ireland

An introduction to the PHAI What is a Passive House? PH & our Building Regulations The Cost of a Passive House Certification & Qualifications Retrofitting to the Passive House Standard Dun Laoghaire Rathdown and PH Challenges and benefits for industry Q & A

The Mission of the PHAI is to promote, educate and facilitate, so as to develop a strong identity, understanding and demand for the passive house concept. Not For Profit Organisation Key Events/Activities: Formed 2010 Founding Members Coillte, Ecological Building Systems, Martin Murray Architects, Munster Joinery, University of Ulster Local Chapters in Cork, Waterford, Northern Ireland PHAI Briefings See the Light Conference: Enniskillen, 24/9/15; Cork, 19/11/15 PH Open Days: 11 th, 12 th & 13th November 2016 Lobbying activities

Passive House internationally: ipha Offices Network Darmstadt Since 1996 Innsbruck Since 2010 Research and development Quality assurance Building certification Component certification Expert training International Passive House Conference www.passivehouse.com Since 2010 International Passive House network Passipedia Passive House promotion International Passive House Days www.passivehouse-international.org www.passipedia.org Worldwide Affiliates

What is a Passive House? Prof. Wolfgang Feist 1991 1st Passive House built 1996 Passive House Institute Today 32,000+ Worldwide Architects: Bott, Ridder, Westermayer Privately financed project, Additional costs subsidized by the State of Hesse

What is a Passive House: Objective Passive House Standard Sustainability Buildings built better Comfort Cost effectiveness Flexible, straightforward and open to all

Background and definition 1 Thermal insulation: U 0.15 W/(m²K) U w 0.8 W/(m²K) 5 Ventilation with heat recovery 75% outside air waste air 2 Avoid thermal bridge effects a 0.01 W/(mK) 4 Airtight envelope n 50 0.6 /h exhaust air supply air 3 3-pane glazing: U g 0.8 W/(m²K) g-value 50-55%

Background and definition Climate independent Passive House definition A Passive House is a building in which thermal comfort [ISO 7730] can be guaranteed by postheating or post-cooling the fresh-air flow required for a good indoor air quality without additional recirculation. 11

Background and definition Passive House criteria* Heating demand 15 KWh/(m²yr) OR Heating load 10 W/m² Cooling demand 15 KWh/(m²yr) OR Cooling load 10 W/m² *all based on treated floor area Primary energy demand 120 KWh/(m²yr)** Airtightness n50 0.6ac/h **including (DHW, heating, cooling, auxiliary & household electricity) 12

Background and definition Passive House criteria* Heating demand 15 KWh/(m²yr) OR Heating load 10 W/m² Primary energy demand 120 KWh/(m²yr)** Cooling demand 15 KWh/(m²yr) OR Cooling load 10 W/m² Airtightness n50 0.6ac/h *all based on treated floor area **including (DHW, heating, cooling, auxiliary & household electricity) 13

Specific Heat Capacity of Air: 1.005kJ/Kg.K Density of Air: 1.205 kg/m 3 SHC per m 3 : 1.211 kj/k For wall height of 2.5m & ach -1 of 0.5, 1.3m 3 of air is exchanged each hour allowing 1.81 kj/k of heat to be transported by air per m 2 of floor area (0.42W/Km 2 ). Assuming a lift of 25 C is possible (avoiding dust scorching), the max amount of heat transferable by air is 10W/m 2.

What is a Passive House: Cost Capitalized costs [ /m²] 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Passive House w compact building services Passive House Institute cost reduction: heating system Cost-effective thoughout the lifecycle low energy houses Total costs Energy costs Construction costs 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Specific space heat demand [kwh/(m²a)]

Scandinavian Homes based in Moycullen, Ireland www.scanhome.ie Passive House: 8.5kWh/m 2 /a 10.6m 2 Solar Collectors 300 l DHW tank 23m 3 Water Tank used as a Inter Seasonal Energy Storage medium University of Ulster involved in the project since June 2009

Certified Passive Houses in Republic of Ireland 25 Certified Passive Houses in Ireland on the ipha Database 25 th October 2016

Certified Passive Houses in Republic of Ireland 25 Certified Passive Houses in Ireland on the ipha Database 25 th October 2016 http://www.passivhausprojekte.de/index.php

Further details from: www.phai.ie nzeb-opendoors.ie

PH & nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) The Same, only Different (Thanks to Tomas O Leary, Passive House Academy for analysis)

Key National Targets for NZEB Passive House appears to perform worse than NZEB Reality is different PH is already NZEB Source: Department of Environment, Community and Local Government. Towards Nearly Zero Energy Buildings in Ireland, Planning for 2020 and Beyond. November 2012

Advancement in Energy Efficiency in Ireland Primary Energy in kwh/m 2.year Passive House max, including plug loads = 120 kwh/m 2.year Passive House max, excluding plug loads = ~ 60 kwh/m 2.year Passive House typical, excluding plug loads = ~ 40 kwh/m 2.year Typical Passive House Projects are already NZEB Super sealed for structural integrity and comfort High indoor air quality (low CO 2 and comfortable humidity) Warm surfaces (high comfort and low mould risk)

Bennett Passive House and NZEB Case Study

Bennett Passive House DEAP Output DEAP 37.7 8.2 0.242 0.250 Project Already Exceeds NZEB Requirements according to DEAP

PHPP Model Output

Bennett Passive House Normal PHPP Output DEAP 37.7 8.2 0.242 0.250 Normal PHPP 112 29.2 N/R N/R Passive House Appears to Fail NZEB Miserably???????

Bennett Passive House DEAP PHPP Ou DEAP 37.7 8.2 0.242 0.250 Normal PHPP 112 29.2 N/R N/R DEAP PHPP 30.5 5.8 N/R N/R DEAP PHPP adjusted to omit plug loads, include PV production and reduce Primary Energy factor for electricity from 2.6 to 2.19 Bennett Passive House Already NZEB

Other Factors Not Considered DEAP Model PHPP Model Basis for model Benchmark house Bespoke model every Validation of Unknown / design Scientifically performance unpublished validated Floor area Gross calculation Heating duration 8 hours per day stairs) 24 hours per day Net (excludes internal walls and Winter Interior Temperature Summer Interior Temperature ~ 18.5 O C Average based on typical Irish dwelling layouts Overheating not predicted 20 O C everywhere 25 O C Max for 10% of year Radiant Not considered Avoided Temperature Asymmetry Drafts Quite possible Avoided Indoor air quality Not considered 15m 3 fresh air per person per hour

110m2 A3 Building Energy Rating Passive House Zero extra cost compared with Standard house Price 190,000, Heating Bills, 200 pa

Build Cost to satisfy Part L Compliance: 310,000 Build Cost to satisfy Passive House Compliance: 290,000 Passive House cost 20,000 less to construct 40

Heating Cost with Part L Compliance: 1400 pa Heating Cost with Passive House Compliance: 400 pa Passive House costs 1,000 less to heat pa 41

Certification, the PHPP & Qualifications Passive House Design. 14 October 2011 Sostenibilità 2011 - Schio, Italy 44

Passive House Planning Package: PHPP Start PHPP Building PHPP Mechanical Systems Verification Climate Data U-Values no Cooling DHW+Distribution Areas (TBE, U-Valueallocation) U-List Requirements met? yes Solar-DHW Electricity Ground Summer Compact Aux Electricity Windows WinType Shading SummVent Boiler PE Value Ventilation (Goal n 50 ) Final protocol worksheet for ventilation systems (external) Shading-S yes District Heat PE- Requirements met? no Annual Heat Demand (Annual and Monthly Method) Heating Load (for Passive Houses only) no Requirements met? yes Passive House Certificate Passive House Institute

The PHPP PHPP sheets include: Verification Areas U-Values Windows Shading Ventilation Heating Demand Heating load Cooling Cooling Load DHW + Distribution Electricity Auxiliary Electricity Primary Energy Climate data PHPP, PHI

Planning, certification and the PHPP The Passive House Planning Package Perhaps the world s most accurate energy balance design tool PHI

Planning, certification and the PHPP Certified Passive House Components Component Insulated concrete Facade fixing systems Window frames Curtain wall systems Compact heat pump units Ventilation systems Wall and construction systems Perimeter insulation Entrance doors Glazing Countries Germany Germany, Switzerland Austria, Croatia, France, Germany Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia and South Korea Germany, Switzerland Austria, Denmark Austria, Denmark, Germany, Netherlands Austria, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland Germany Austria, Germany, Italy, Switzerland Belgium, Germany, Slovenia

Planning, certification and the PHPP Passive House certification For both residential and nonresidential buildings EnerPHit certification for retrofits When conditions mean the Passive House Standard for new builds cannot feasibly be met Criteria available at www.passivehouse.com 49

Passive House Institute 25 accredited certifying bodies worldwide See www.passivehouse-international.org for more information Passive House Institute

Planning, certification and the PHPP Certified Passive House Designers & Consultants 1700+ worldwide in 40+ countries Passive House Institute passivhausplaner.eu Passive House Designer Exam 48 accredited exam hosts in 20 countries Certified Passive House Tradesman www.passivehouse-trades.org

Recognises that inefficiencies are "built in A step by Step Approach is possible

Cllr Maire Baker (FG) called for PH standard to be made mandatory Section 5.2.3.2 It is Council policy that all new development in new buildings should be built to Passive House Standard. Voted by 26:13 majority October 2015 Voted by 27:10 majority February 2016 See www.phai.ie

DLR joins a progressive movement.. Already 28 Passive House hot spots EU wide ~25m inhabitants Freiburg Schwarzach Zwischenwasser Frankfurt Alta Valtellina Hesse Bregenz Darmstadt-Dieburg Hörbranz Vorarlberg Rankweil Mäder Saarland Hamburg Nuremberg Frastanz Brussels Hanover Altach Vienna Leverkusen Bremen Lower Austria Leipzig Cologne Rhineland-Palatinate Götzis Oslo Dornbirn Krumbach Lustenau Wels Bürs Langenegg

Irish Times, 16 th May 2016 The Department of the Environment has advised Dun Laoghaire - Rathdown County Council to seek legal advice in an ongoing disagreement between the two bodies over building standards. The department opposes a decision by councillors requiring new buildings to meet specific eco-friendly standards and has sought its own legal advice on the issue. The passive house standard has been included in the 2016-2022 county development plan despite persistent objections from the department as well as the former minister for the Environment Alan Kelly. The councillors have now written to the new Minister Simon Coveney, saying any intervention by the department to change the development plan would be a breach of local democracy and an insult to voters. The standard involves the use of high levels of insulation and typically triple-glazed windows in new buildings, which makes them virtually airtight. But the Government has argued that it threatens housing supply by forcing builders to meet excessive requirements. 60

ProAir PA600pli HRV system Medite Smartply 3 Products Vaventis - Aubren Fresh-r HRV

Exporting Passive House Mechanicals www.nilan.ie

Ireland s largest construction-related employer

Wicklow Consultants Certifying the tallest Passive House project in the world

Professional directory for corporate members Automatic membership to the ipha and Passipedia access Access to case studies, standards, etc., in private members area Networking Benefit from promotion and marketing by the Association Part of a lobbying group to influence government policy Professional Development Offer of 6 months Free membership for Certified Passive House Graduates Support and grow a centre of excellence within your own community

Belfast 8 th November

Cork Thursday 10 th November, @ 6:30pm Passive House update Featuring a selection of local Cork projects Lighting Design for Low Energy Buildings by Luke Daunt from ERCO Sligo Q1 2017 Waterford Q2 2017

Further details from: www.phai.ie www.nzeb-opendoors.ie

Dr. Shane Colclough Dip EE, BSc, MIE, MBA, PhD, MIEI, CEng, EurIng Chairman Passive House Association of Ireland