Statement of Capability 1
Introduction to WSUP Advisory Each week a million people move into unplanned, urban settlements with no basic services. This trend is set to continue. In response, WSUP Advisory provides specialist technical assistance in addressing the challenges of providing water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services to urban low income consumers across the developing world. WSUP Advisory is the consultancy arm of Water & Sanitation for the Urban Poor (WSUP), empowering local service providers to provide sustainable, market-based WASH services to bring lasting improvements to the lives of the urban poor. WSUP Advisory draws heavily on the experience gained and lessons learned from implementing the WSUP Programme, which for over 10 years has supported work in 8 countries across Africa and South Asia totalling US$ 50 million. WSUP Programme currently has long-term programmes established in Bangladesh, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, and Zambia. The expertise provided by WSUP Advisory recognises that improving WASH services to low income communities requires different approaches to those which traditionally have been weighted towards large scale, infrastructure investments. WSUP Advisory focuses instead on building both demand and the capacity of service providers to deliver for low income consumers and provides advice and guidance on all aspects of urban low income WASH service provision. WSUP Advisory Contact This Statement of Capability outlines WSUP Advisory s core areas of expertise which relate to all aspects of market based WASH service provision for low income urban consumers. Expertise in each of the following areas can be made available to all those who seek to improve the quality of water and sanitation services available to low income urban communities such as International Consultants, NGOs, Government Departments, International Finance Institutions and other funders. To discuss WSUP Advisory and any requirements for advice, guidance, or project support that your organisation may have please contact : Tim Hayward (General Manager) thayward@wsup.com or advisory@wsup.com 2
Total Urban Sanitation In the critical area of total urban sanitation, where all aspects of the chain of sanitation services and goods have to be considered, WSUP Advisory brings the following experience and expertise: 1. City Wide Sanitation Planning aimed at triggering municipal budget allocations for sanitation City sanitation planning, identifying sanitation zones and demand assessment Technical and financial analysis of sanitation options covering the sanitation chain from collection to transport, treatment, disposal and reuse Application of Value Driven Faecal Sludge Management (FSM) financial model Identification of investment requirements and options for city wide improvements Stakeholder planning and partnerships for implementation Examples: Plans developed with stakeholder participation in Maputo, Antananarivo, Nairobi and underway in Dhaka and Kumasi. 2. Developing innovative sanitation business models Market diagnostics, consumer research Development of viable sanitation business models Establishment of multi-service public sanitation facilities, privately and publicly operated Development of community latrine model Training of entrepreneurs SME finance and business development support Decentralised treatment and options for reuse Development of improved pit emptying services Examples: Clean Team household sanitation service in Kumasi, Ghana. Development of pit emptying services in Nairobi, including development of hand operated mechanical pit emptying device in combination with public latrine/ablution facilities. Combined FSM and Solid Waste Management service providers in Maputo Value driven FSM model. Budget estimates to inform municipal planning and present bankable projects. 3. Triggering demand for sanitation products and services Formative research on consumer behaviour identifying behaviour change triggers Social and political influences to sanitation behaviour Use of technology and social networks for triggering behaviour change Development of key messages, promotional materials, campaigns for sanitation promotion Examples: Consumer research in Antananarivo leading to production of videos for triggering shame and motivating improvements in household sanitation. Research on methods of motivating local political leaders to drive improved sanitation in Maputo. 4. Infrastructure for service delivery Communal and public sanitation facility design and implementation Surface water drainage in urban areas Low cost simplified sewerage options for high density informal settlements Design and implementation of integrated on-site and off-site systems Examples: Drainage improvements in low lying areas of Lusaka and Nairobi. Decentralised waste water treatment systems in Bangalore. Local simplified sewerage network design and implementation in Nairobi in informal settlements. Establishment of model for operation and maintenance of communal latrines in Maputo. 3
Equitable Water Services WSUP Advisory s experience and expertise in the development of equitable water services is focused on the following key areas: 1. Development of financially viable delivery mechanisms for low income urban communities Demand assessment Tariff setting and revenue collection for cost recovery Financial modelling of alternative delivery mechanisms for low income consumers (LICs) Establishment of decentralised water supply systems Project design, procurement and contract management Building of utility capacity to serve low income consumers Examples: Sustainable systems set up in 8 cities, delivering to over 600,000 consumers with the capacity to serve LICs developed within the service providers including direct support to dedicated pro-poor units in 5 cities. Assessment of return on investment from extending services to LICs in Dhaka. 2. Development of appropriate institutional and contract models for equitable water services Stakeholder analysis and community engagement Capacity building of utilities, small independent providers and Community Based Organisations. Development of context specific institutional structures and forms of contract that establish ownership and mechanisms for regulation. Monitoring & performance measurement Financial incentives for sustained services Examples: Contracts between utility and local borehole operators in Nairobi, Maputo and Antananarivo. Contracts between asset owner, water company and private borehole owner in Naivasha and Kumasi. Delegated management systems developed in Kenya, Ghana and Mozambique. 3. Providing finance and business support to independent providers serving low income consumers Development of contracts for bulk water supply between utilities and independent providers Billing & revenue collection mechanisms Capacity to tender for funding opportunities Advice on investment planning and budgeting Establishment of multi-service businesses units Examples: Setting up distribution model with local private provider in Maputo for peri-urban areas. Developing Water User Association Model in Madagascar and strengthening the Water Trust model in Lusaka. 4
4. Supporting the development of pro-poor policy Reform of connection and tariff policies Streamlining application processes for connecting low income consumers Utilising water revenues to finance service extension to low income areas Development of policies on local delegated management Examples: advising on reform of connection policy in Maputo and trialling new mechanisms. Convening stakeholders in Kenya to define most effective asset ownership and operation policy as key to sustainable services in periurban areas 5. Developing and supporting the implementation of Non- Revenue Water (NRW) reduction strategies that benefit low income communities Developing NRW strategies, implementing NRW campaigns and setting up district metered zones Application of leak detection, metering and pressure flow technology Systems for measuring impact and cost effectiveness of NRW strategies Examples: Assisted service providers develop and implement strategies in Nairobi, Antananarivo, Maputo and Dhaka leading to adoption and roll out across those cities and implementation in other cities. 6. Developing performance based finance mechanisms and mobilising mixed finance for equitable water services Operator partnership contracts that incentivise services to low income consumers Pro-poor financing instruments and mechanisms for IFIs, governments and service providers Mechanisms to trigger investment from grant, private and development bank sources in low income service delivery Progress Linked Finance tools Examples: Progress Linked Finance instruments developed, Professional Service Agreements developed with incentives based on performance of service provider in equitable service delivery. 5
Environment To achieve sustainable and integrated WASH service delivery consideration of the environment plays an increasingly important role. In recognition of this, WSUP Advisory provides the following expertise: 1. Climate proofing urban water and sanitation systems and identifying practical climate change resilience measures for urban service providers Identifying projected climate change scenarios and assessment of vulnerabilities Development of short, medium and long term climate proofing strategies and plans Mapping institutional responsibilities relating to climate change Financial risks associated with climate change Examples: Climate change assessments conducted in Lusaka, Antananarivo, Naivasha. Climate proofing measures under way by urban service authorities. 2. Environmental impact assessments integral to programming Assessment of environmental impact of sanitation and water service delivery models Development of environmental mitigation plans and strategies Sanitation system designs that improve effluent quality and reduce water usage Preparation and processing environmental clearances for water and sanitation service infrastructure Water quality measuring systems Water use reduction strategies in water stressed environments Examples: Environmental impact assessments completed in 8 city programme sites and mitigation measures under implementation. Successful applications for environmental agency approval. 6
Mass Hygiene Promotion In order to ensure a complete and effective approach to WASH, WSUP Advisory supports hygiene promotion that triggers behaviour change on a significant scale and achieves this through: 1. Delivering mass behaviour change programmes Partnerships with private sector in extending large scale hygiene promotion campaigns into low income markets Partnership with municipalities in designing and delivering urban hygiene programmes Conducting formative research to identify key messages, triggers for behaviour change and appropriate channels for mass communication Design and distribution of hygiene related products adapted for low income consumers Examples: Lifebuoy School of 5 programme delivered in Nairobi and Dhaka reaching over 800 schools and 300,000 children directly and 3 million indirectly. Formative research conducted in Kumasi Ghana. 2. Supporting the adoption of methods and approaches by local and national government Programme planning in partnership with municipalities Development of municipal capacity to deliver hygiene programmes Mechanisms to promote adoption of hygiene promotion as part of school curricula Incorporation of hygiene messaging in health extension programmes Examples: Municipalities in Nairobi and Dhaka participating in mass hygiene programmes and Ministries of Health and Education looking at adoption of methodologies. The Environmental Health Department in Kumasi, Ghana engaged in joint delivery of hygiene promotion activities delivered in their city. 7
Access to Expertise In addition to its in-house expertise, WSUP Advisory benefits from access to expertise from WSUP member organisations and from sub-consultants who are sector-leading organisations and individuals with specialist expertise in delivering water and sanitation service solutions in low income urban settings. WSUP Advisory tailors each project team to suit the requirements of each project and location. WSUP Members WSUP Advisory sub-consultants (individuals) WSUP has developed an extensive pool of proven experts in all aspects of low income water and sanitation service delivery, covering areas such as: Community Engagement Contract Types DBL, BOT, BOL Communication Strategies Drainage & waste water services Electrical Engineering Environmental Management Finance Financial Modelling Funding Health & Hygiene Hydrogeology Low Cost Sewerage Plastics Project design & implementation Process Engineering Pro-poor policy reform Sanitation Infrastructure Sanitation business models Solid Waste Management Tendering supervision Urban Planning Water Operations Water Treatment & Distribution WSUP Advisory clients 8