NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY TO CORN FROM DAIRY MANURES AND FERTILIZER IN A CALCAREOUS SOIL
|
|
- Joan Wilkins
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY TO CORN FROM DAIRY MANURES AND FERTILIZER IN A CALCAREOUS SOIL A. Leytem 1, R. Dungan 1, A. Moore 2, M. Miller 1 1 USDA ARS, Kimberly, Idaho 2 University of Idaho, Twin Falls R&E Center, Twin Falls, Idaho ABSTRACT The expansion of the dairy industry in southern Idaho has lead to increased application of manures to meet crop nutrient demands which can alter the uptake pattern of both macro- and micro-nutrients. A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the effects of dairy manure, composted dairy manure, and fertilizer (mono-ammonium phosphate, MAP) application on soil test phosphorus (P), microbial activity, and nutrient uptake by silage corn. Two Portneuf soils, having either a low or high soil test P concentration, were amended with the three treatments at four application rates of 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg P kg -1 (ppm) with four replications of each treatment in a randomized complete design. Treatments were incubated for two weeks and then planted with corn grown for approximately three weeks. Soil samples were analyzed prior to planting, whereas plant samples were analyzed at the end of the growing period. Increases in Olsen P from P additions were greatest in the MAP and least in the manure treated soils. Plant dry matter production and P uptake did not differ with treatment. Potassium uptake increased with increasing rates of all treatments. Ca uptake decreased in the High-P soils treated with manure and compost, while Mg uptake decreased with compost application in the High-P soil. Zinc uptake increased with manure applications, while Mn uptake decreased with manure application on the High-P soil. It is important to consider plant nutrient interactions when applying manure and compost to feed-crops as imbalances in K, Ca, and Mg can have a negative impact on animal health. INTRODUCTION Expansion of the dairy industry in southern Idaho has lead to an increase in applications of dairy manures and compost to meet crop nutritional requirements. One of the benefits of fertilizing with compost or manure is the provision of secondary nutrients other than nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) commonly supplied by commercial fertilizers. This may result in higher tissue macro- and micronutrient contents in crops amended with manure and compost compared to those fertilized with traditional inorganic fertilizers. Conversely, manure and compost additions have also been shown to decrease the uptake of some nutrients (e.g. Warman and Cooper, 2000; Parsons et al., 2007). The application of manure to meet crop N requirements, which has been the common practice in the region, can apply large amounts of P, Ca, and K, as well as other trace minerals and some heavy metals which can affect crop growth and forage quality. For example, high K application rates with manures on grasses have shown to decrease Ca uptake and increase the tetany potential of those grasses (Cherney et al., 2002). In addition, accumulation of K in forages is a concern from an animal health perspective as high levels of K can lead to milk fever in dairy cattle (Tyler and Ensminger, 2006). The over application of P and P accumulation in soils has the potential to create deficiencies and toxicities of other nutrients as well. Manure additions tend to have a liming affect in most soils (Eghball et al., 2004;
2 Mokolobate and Hayes, 2002), which can have a significant effect on mineral uptake owing to the increase in ph. Manure application also supplies large amounts of organic material which can affect mineral solubility and plant availability. This increase in organic matter also stimulates microorganism activity which can temporarily decrease the availability of some nutrients while enhancing the solubility of others during the breakdown of organic materials in the soil. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dairy manure, composted dairy manure, and commercial fertilizer on changes in soil test P, plant uptake of K, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, P, and Zn concentrations and the possible role of microbial activity in these relationships. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sample Collection and Characterization The soils used in this study were Portneuf silt from 0- to 8- inch depth located at the Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory in Kimberly, ID. The soils were chosen to represent a soil that is deficient in P (for optimum crop production, Low-P) as well as a soil typical of those receiving manure applications having a higher Olsen P (High-P). Prior to use in the greenhouse, the bulk soil samples were air-dried, sieved through a 7-mm screen and analyzed for particle size, calcium carbonate equivalent, sodium bicarbonate extractable P, total C, and ph. Four treatments were used, including fertilizer (MAP, ), fresh manure collected from an open-lot dairy, composted manure from the same open-lot dairy and a control which received no amendments. Manure samples were dried, ground, and analyzed for total C, total N, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, and Zn. Greenhouse Studies Greenhouse studies with the individual soils were conducted in two sequential experiments. Two mixtures were prepared for each experiment: soil + amendment in 250 ml cups for sampling after two weeks incubation (for soil analysis post treatment application) and soil + amendment in one gallon closed-bottom pots for plant growth studies. Each of the P sources was incorporated (4 replicates of each source) by mixing with each soil at 4 rates: 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg P kg -1 to represent a range of P additions around a typical application rate (60 mg kg -1 ) when manures are applied to meet crop N requirements. Urea was added to all treatments at a rate of 150 mg N kg -1 to satisfy the N requirements of the plants. After incorporation, amended soils were brought to approximately 80% field capacity and incubated in a completely randomized design in the greenhouse for two weeks. Soil moisture content was maintained by adding water to the cups or to the pots every other day. After two weeks incubation, soils were removed from the cups for subsequent analysis and silage corn was planted into the soil pots. After emergence, plants were thinned to six per pot, and were grown for 25 days on the High-P soil and 21 days on the Low-P soil. Whole plant samples were cut 1 cm above the soil surface, dried, weighed, and ground for analysis. All soil samples were analyzed for dehydrogenase activity (DHA), alkaline phosphomonoesterase activity, and Olsen P. Dried plant samples were analyzed for P, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, and Zn.
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Soil Test Phosphorus Olsen P increased with increasing P application rate for all treatments on both the Highand Low-P soils (Figure 1). The rate of increase was significantly different among the treatments following the trend: MAP = compost > manure on the Low-P soil and MAP > compost > manure on the High-P soil. Previous studies (Leytem and Westermann, 2005; Leytem et al., 2005; Leytem and Bjorneberg, 2009) reported that the amount of C added with the P source had a large impact on P solubility in the soil, and strong negative trends were found between the C:P ratio of the manures and Olsen P. Similarly, this study observed a strong negative relationship between the C:P ratio of the source materials and Olsen P. Soil microbial activity is thought to relate to this reduction in soluble P with increasing C. Increased C stimulates microbial growth and P is immobilized in microbial tissues. Figure 2 demonstrates that dehydrogenase activity (an estimate of microbial activity) significantly increased with increasing rates of manure application relative to compost and MAP treatments. Similarly, phosphatase activity (an indication of P mineralization) increased significantly with increasing rates of manure application relative to compost and MAP treatments (Fig. 3). These data provide strong evidence that microbial activity in the treated soils is, at least in part, responsible for the differences in P solubility found between manure, compost, and MAP. Additionally, changes in ph with treatment application likely influenced P solubility in the treated soils (Figure 4). For both soils, the MAP treatment significantly decreased the soil ph with increasing P application rate, while there was little to no effect by additions of manure and compost on soil ph. On the Low-P soil, ph decreased from 7.89 to 7.40 with increasing MAP addition, while on the High-P soil, ph decreased from 7.53 to Phosphorus solubility is lowest between ph units of 7.6 to 7.8, with increasing solubility at ph values both above and below this range (Mengel and Kirkby, 1987). Therefore, P solubility would be enhanced by the decrease in soil ph and, combined with the low microbial activity in the MAP amended soils, could explain the enhanced solubility of MAP P compared to P from manure and compost treatments. Dry Matter Production and Tissue Nutrient Concentrations There were no visual signs of deficiency or phytotoxicity for any of the treatments on either soil and all tissue nutrient concentrations were within sufficiency ranges, with a few notable differences between treatments. Application rate significantly affected dry matter production on the Low-P soil but not on High-P soil (Tables 1 and 2) and no treatment effect on dry matter production was observed for either soil. Expectedly, the lack of P response in the High-P soil and the significant P response in the Low-P soil strongly suggests that P was limiting in the Low-P soils but not in the High-P soils. The lack of a treatment effect on both Low- and High-P soils suggests that, while P source can significantly alter Olsen P concentrations, P source may not have a significant impact on total corn silage yields in an agricultural field. This suggests that P rate may be a more critical predictor of silage yield than Olsen P concentrations when comparing fertilizer, manure, and compost P sources. This also suggests that relationships between Olsen P and silage yield may differ between fertilizer and manure sources of P. P uptake increased with increasing application rate, with the greatest increase occurring with the MAP application, while the manure and compost treatments did not differ. This increase in P uptake from the MAP treatments is likely a result of the enhanced P solubility and decrease in soil ph in these treatments, both of which would favor enhanced P uptake by plants (Mengel
4 and Kirkby, 1987). Both the manure and compost contained significant concentrations of Ca, which may have precipitated with ortho-p to form insoluble Ca-P precipitates. In addition, both the manure and compost contained Fe which could form Fe phosphates thereby reducing P solubility. Other macronutrients of interest included calcium, magnesium, and potassium. On the Low-P soils, K uptake increased for all treatments with compost showing the greatest increase in K uptake. On the High-P soil, K uptake increased with increasing application rates similarly for all treatments. Calcium uptake increased with all treatments on the low-p soil with the greatest increase occurring in the MAP treatment. Calcium uptake decreased significantly on the high-p soil for increasing rates of manure and compost, while little significant effect was observed in the MAP treatments. This decrease could be related to cation competition with K and by the formation of Ca-P precipitates in manure and compost treated soils. On the Low-P soils, Mg uptake increased with increasing application rate for all treatments with the greatest increase occurring in the MAP treatment. On the High-P soils, Mg uptake increased with increasing application rate of MAP and manure up to 100 mg P kg -1, above which uptake leveled off for MAP and decreased for manure. Mg uptake decreased with increasing application rates of compost. High levels of K may inhibit Mg uptake due to cation competition. The balance between K, Ca, and Mg uptake is a concern from an animal health perspective as forages with K:(Ca+Mg) ratios greater than 2.2:1 can cause grass tetany in ruminants (Grunes et al., 1970). This ratio exceeds 2.2:1 for all rates and treatments in this study, but it is important to keep in mind that plant samples were collected after only approximately 3 weeks and therefore this may not represent the ratio in the corn at maturity. Additions of manure and compost can have a significant impact on micronutrient uptake as well. For example, on the Low-P soil, Mn uptake increased with increasing application rate for MAP and compost treatments, while manure showed little rate response. No statistically significant effects of rate or treatment on Mn uptake were observed on the High P soil. The solubility and plant availability of Mn in soil is the lowest at ph values of 7.2 to 7.7. Although the application of MAP on the High-P soil decreased ph from 7.4 to 6.8, there was a slight decrease in Mn uptake above the 100 mg P kg -1 rate, suggesting that other factors are affecting Mn availability in these soils. On both the Low- and High-P soils, Zn uptake increased with increasing manure applications but leveled off above 100 mg P kg -1 on the High P soil. Zn uptake also increased for the MAP and compost treatments on the Low-P soil and showed no significant rate response for the High-P soil. The enhanced uptake of Zn in the manure treatments may have been due to the higher concentrations of Zn in the manure relative to the other treatments, which could have had a positive effect on plant uptake. Additionally Zn uptake could be affected by complexation with organic acids in manure treated soils.
5
6 Table 1: Dry matter production and corn nutrient uptake for the Low-P soil. Treatment Application Rate (mg P kg -1 ) 0* Dry Weight (g) MAP Manure Compost P uptake, mg MAP Manure Compost Ca uptake, mg MAP Manure Compost K uptake, mg MAP Manure Compost Mg uptake, mg MAP Manure Compost Mn uptake, mg MAP Manure Compost Zn uptake, mg MAP Manure Compost
7 Table 2: Dry matter production and corn nutrient uptake for the High-P soil. Treatment Application Rate (mg P kg -1 ) 0* Dry Weight (g) MAP Manure Compost P uptake, mg MAP Manure Compost Ca uptake, mg MAP Manure Compost K uptake, mg MAP Manure Compost Mg uptake, mg MAP Manure Compost Mn uptake, mg MAP Manure Compost Zn Uptake, mg MAP Manure Compost
8 CONCLUSIONS The application of manure, compost, and MAP impacted soil test P and corn P uptake and several other macro- and micro-nutrients. As in previous studies, the response in soil test P to addition of manure and compost was lower than that of MAP indicating that there might be less plant available P in soils treated with manure and compost. However, there was no effect of treatment on dry matter production on either soil which may suggest that soil test P is not always a good indicator of plant available P in manure and compost amended calcareous soils. The application of manure and compost increased K plant uptake and decreased Ca uptake on the High-P soils, while only compost decreased Mg uptake. These trends are of concern related to forage production on soils receiving high application rates of manure and composts as K, Ca, and Mg imbalances can lead to grass tetany and milk fever in dairy cattle. REFERENCES Brady, N. C The nature and properties of soils. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ. p Cherney, J. H., E. A. Mikhailova, and D. R. J. Cherney Tetany potential of orchardgrass and tall fescue as influenced by fertilization with dairy manure or commercial fertilizer. J. Plant. Nutr. 25: Eghball, B., D. Ginting, and J. E. Gilley Residual effects of manure and compost applications on corn production and soil properties. Agron. J. 96: Grunes, D. L., P. R. Stout, and J. R. Brownell Grass tetany in ruminants. Adv. Agron. 22: Leytem, A. B. and Bjorneberg, D. L Changes in soil test phosphorus and phosphorus in runoff from calcareous soils receiving manure, compost, and fertilizer application with and without alum. Soil Sci. 174: Leytem, A. B., B. L. Turner, V. Raboy, and K. L. Peterson Linking manure properties to phosphorus solubility in calcareous soils: Importance of the manure carbon to phosphorus ratio. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 69: Leytem, A. B. and D. T. Westermann Phosphorus availability to barley from manures and fertilizers on a calcareous soil. Soil Sci. 170: Mengel, K. and E. A. Kirkby Principles of plant nutrition. 4 th ed. International Potash Institute, Bern, Switzerland. Mokolobate, M., and R. Haynes Comparative liming effects of four organic residues applied to an acid soil. Biol. Fertil. Soils. 35: Parsons, K. J., V. D. Zheljazkov, J. MacLeod, and C. D. Caldwell Soil and tissue phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and sulfur as affected by dairy manure applications to a notill corn, wheat and soybean rotation. Agon. J. 99: Tyler, H.D., and M.E. Ensminger Dairy cattle Science. 4 th ed. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle Run, NJ. Warman, P. R. and J. M. Cooper Fertilization of a mixed forage crop with fresh and composted chicken manure and NPK fertilizer: Effects on dry matter yield and soil and tissue Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn. Can. J. Soil Sci. 80:
NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PLAN FIELD MONITORING 1. Bradford D. Brown ABSTRACT
NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PLAN FIELD MONITORING 1 Bradford D. Brown ABSTRACT Nutrient Management Plan Field Monitoring enables producers to evaluate the effectiveness of their Nutrient Management Plan implementation
More informationWith High Fertilizer Prices. Gerald Bryan Extension Agronomist UM Extension Jackson, MO
With High Fertilizer Prices Gerald Bryan Extension Agronomist UM Extension Jackson, MO 573 243 3581 Good fertility = Good Pastures = Good Crops Know where you are..soil Test What Nutrients Do Plants Require?
More informationMANURE MANAGEMENT AND POTATO PRODUCTION. Amber D. Moore and Nora L. Olsen
MANURE MANAGEMENT AND POTATO PRODUCTION Amber D. Moore and Nora L. Olsen With the recent expansion of the dairy industry in Idaho, field crops with highest nutrient removal potential (corn silage, alfalfa
More informationMineral Content of Forages Grown on Poultry Litter-Amended Soils
Mineral Content of Forages Grown on Poultry Litter-Amended Soils B. McGinley 1, K. Coffey 1, B. Humphry 1, T. Sauer 2, and H. L. Goodwin 3 Story in Brief Four farms in northwest Arkansas and northeastern
More informationMANAGEMENT OF MANURES IN CORN AND SORGHUM. Robert Flynn 1 ABSTRACT
MANAGEMENT OF MANURES IN CORN AND SORGHUM Robert Flynn 1 ABSTRACT There are two camps in New Mexico when it comes to utilizing manure for production agriculture: regulated versus unregulated. Those that
More informationNutrient Management in Field Crops MSU Fertilizer Recommendations Crop*A*Syst 2015 Nutrient Management Training
Nutrient Management in Field Crops MSU Fertilizer Recommendations Crop*A*Syst 2015 Nutrient Management Training George Silva - silvag@msu.edu Eaton, Ingham, Barry and Livingston Counties 17 Essential Plant
More informationAnalysis of chicken litter
Using chicken litter to fertilise pastures Raw chicken litter can be a valuable resource to optimise pasture production. It is mostly organic matter and supplies nutrients, helps hold moisture, improves
More informationCalculating Crop Nutrient Value From Irrigation Water Inputs: A Survey of Southeast Missouri Irrigation
University of Missouri Extension WQ278, Reviewed January 2009 Calculating Crop Nutrient Value From Irrigation Water Inputs: A Survey of Southeast Missouri Irrigation Paul Tracy and S.G. Hefner Department
More informationIrrigated Pastures. Southern Idaho Fertilizer Guide. Introduction. Nutrient Distribution and Cycling in Grazed Pastures
CIS 392 Southern Idaho Fertilizer Guide Irrigated Pastures by Glenn E. Shewmaker, Jason W. Ellsworth, and Scott Jensen Introduction Pastures of perennial forage grasses and legumes can be largely sustainable
More informationAvailability of Nutrients in Manure Jeff Schoenau Department of Soil Science University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK, Canada
Availability of Nutrients in Manure Jeff Schoenau Department of Soil Science University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK, Canada Role of Manure Manures, composts have been used to sustain soil fertility and
More informationAntonio P. Mallarino Iowa State University, John E. Sawyer Iowa State University,
Agronomy Reports Agronomy 6-30-2007 Study of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Transformations from Poultry Manure and Fertilizer Using Soil Incubation and Soil Testing: A Complement to Ongoing Field Demonstrations
More informationextension.missouri.edu Archive version -- See Using Your Soil Test Results
University of Missouri Extension G9111, Reviewed October 1, 1993 Editor's note: Use the XPLOR order form to purchase the printed version of this publication, which includes a sample soil test report. Using
More informationThe comparison between powder and granular lime to elevate low soil ph
The comparison between powder and granular lime to elevate low soil ph J.G. Dreyer, Department of Geology and Soil Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom 1. Introduction The North-West University
More informationInfluence of Ironite and Phosphorus on Yield of Oats and Content of Lead and Arsenic at Different Stages of Growth
Influence of Ironite and Phosphorus on Yield of Oats and Content of Lead and Arsenic at Different Stages of Growth Item type text; Article Authors Eberhardt, P. J.; Clark, L. J. Publisher Journal College
More informationSoil Testing and Nutrient Management. Craig Cogger Soil Scientist WSU Puyallup
Soil Testing and Nutrient Management Craig Cogger Soil Scientist WSU Puyallup Soil Testing Nutrients Soil Quality Contaminants Biological Simple Soil Quality Tests Texture Structure Color Texture: Proportions
More informationSubsection 3D: Nutrient Recommendations Forage Crops
Crop Subsection 3D: Nutrient Recommendations Forage Crops Table of Contents Page Alfalfa... 3D-1 Corn Silage... 3D-5 Grass/Alfalfa Mixtures... 3D-8 Grass/Clover Pastures... 3D-11 Sorghum Silage... 3D-15
More informationLarge-Scale Evaluations of In-Season Liquid NPK Applications to Push Alfalfa Production
Large-Scale Evaluations of In-Season Liquid NPK Applications to Push Alfalfa Production Terry A. Tindall, Ph.D., Director of Agronomy, and Galen Mooso, Ph.D., Agronomy Manager Grand View, Idaho, 2012 2013
More informationFertility and Crop Nutrition. B. Linquist, R. Mutters, J. Hill and C. vankessel Rice Production Workshop, March 21, 2011
Fertility and Crop Nutrition B. Linquist, R. Mutters, J. Hill and C. vankessel Rice Production Workshop, March 21, 2011 900 800 Fertilizer costs: 1960-2010 Source: USDA 700 600 Nitrogen solutions (30%)
More informationPhosphorus Update. Addy Elliott Colorado State University Department of Soil and Crop Sciences
Phosphorus Update Addy Elliott Colorado State University Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Phosphorus Application Considerations In order to provide sufficient nutrients to crops while preserving water
More informationSoil Test Laboratory Analysis and Fertilizer Recommendations
Soil Test Laboratory Analysis and Fertilizer Recommendations Len Kryzanowski, P.Ag. Director, Environmental Strategy and Research Environmental Stewardship Branch Alberta Agriculture and Forestry Key Messages
More informationReed Canarygrass Response to Nitrogen and Chloride Fertilization
Reed Canarygrass Response to Nitrogen and Chloride Fertilization William H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute P.O Box 90, Chazy, NY 12921 Everett D. Thomas Charlie J. Sniffen Carl J. Majewski Catherine
More informationObjective. Understand the importance of nutrient cycles
Nutrient cycles 1 Objective Understand the importance of nutrient cycles 2 Keywords General facts about nutrients Soil- and economic concerns Humus is important for sustainable nutrient management 4 General
More informationAgronomic values of anaerobically digested cattle manure (ADM)
Agronomic values of anaerobically digested cattle manure (ADM) Xiying Hao Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre Xiying.hao@agr.gc.ca Presented at 2014 Agri-Energy Forum, Pacific
More informationALFALFA FERTILITY AND COMPOST MANAGEMENT. Glenn E. Shewmaker 1 and Jason Ellsworth RATIONALE
ALFALFA FERTILITY AND COMPOST MANAGEMENT Glenn E. Shewmaker 1 and Jason Ellsworth RATIONALE Alfalfa hay generally constitutes 40% of the ration of Idaho's dairy cows. Alfalfa yield and quality may be affected
More informationSoil Fertility and Forage Availability. Travis Harper Agronomy Specialist University of Missouri Extension
Soil Fertility and Forage Availability Travis Harper Agronomy Specialist University of Missouri Extension Outline Introduction Soil Testing Fertilizer Application Saving Money on Fertilizer Introduction
More informationLivestock and Poultry Environmental Learning Center Webcast Series October 17, 2008
Contribution of Manure Amendments to Soil Fertility and Carbon Sequestration Animal wastes contain inorganic N (NH 4 + NO 3 -N) and organic N: Inorganic N is plant available Organic N is mineralized by
More informationCONTRIBUTION OF DAIRY COW MANURE TO SOIL FERTILITY AND NUTRIENT REDISTRIBUTION IN PASTURES. Abstract
ID # 04-41 CONTRIBUTION OF DAIRY COW MANURE TO SOIL FERTILITY AND NUTRIENT REDISTRIBUTION IN PASTURES S.R. Aarons 1, C.R. O Connor 2, M. Hall 3 and C.J.P. Gourley 1 1 Department of Natural Resources and
More informationUpdate to Iowa phosphorus, potassium, and lime recommendations
2013 Integrated Crop Management Conference - Iowa State University 137 Update to Iowa phosphorus, potassium, and lime recommendations Antonio P. Mallarino, professor and Extension soil fertility specialist,
More informationNational Sunflower Association of Canada Inc.
National Sunflower Association of Canada Inc. Nutritional Needs of Sunflower CROP DEVELOPMENT General Ensuring the fertility needs of the crop are met is critical to maximize yield and profit. Improper
More informationEVALUATION OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER PLACEMENT WITH STRIP TILLAGE FOR IRRIGATED PACIFIC NORTHWEST CORN PRODUCTION
EVALUATION OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER PLACEMENT WITH STRIP TILLAGE FOR IRRIGATED PACIFIC NORTHWEST CORN PRODUCTION D.D. Tarkalson 1 and D.D. Bjorneberg 1 1 USDA-ARS, Northwest Irrigation & Soils
More informationThe University of Wisconsin-Platteville
Evaluation of Quality at Pioneer Farm and Suitability for End-Use By: Steve, Advisor Dr. Chris Baxter As livestock operations continue to grow farms are generating more manure. This excess manure is becoming
More informationNUTRIENT MANAGEMENT. Figure 1. The availability of P is affected by soil ph.
NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT FO 0792 F (REVISED 2016) Understanding Phosphorus in Minnesota Soils Paulo H. Pagliari, Daniel E. Kaiser, Carl J. Rosen, and John A. Lamb: Extension Specialists in Nutrient Management
More informationInvesting fertilizer dollars in products that will return additional income - Emphasis on K, S and Micronutrients
Investing fertilizer dollars in products that will return additional income - Emphasis on K, S and Micronutrients Maximum crop production cannot be achieved with fertilizers and amendments alone We need
More informationSampling Soil and Crop Tissue
Conventional Soil Sampling CHAPTER 7d Sampling Soil and Crop Tissue James J. Camberato Soil Sampling and Analysis Conventional soil sampling prior to land application of animal manures is required by DHEC
More informationPasture Management- Fertility. Brie Menjoulet Agronomy Specialist Hermitage, MO
Pasture Management- Fertility Brie Menjoulet Agronomy Specialist Hermitage, MO Goals of Pasture Fertility To establish and maintain desired species Requirements and application timing of some nutrients
More informationNutrient Management. The width of the buffer strip depends on slope, soil, runoff volume, sediment load and type of vegetation.
Nutrient Management Goals of Nutrient Management Maximize economic return on nutrients Efficient use and conservation of nutrient resources Maintain or improve soil quality Maintain or improve water quality
More informationLaboratory Fee Schedule
JMLord, Inc. Laboratory Fee Schedule Spring 2011 www.jmlordinc.com 267 N. Fulton St. Fresno CA, 93705 (559) 268-9755 (559) 486-6504 (FAX) Laboratory Services Since 1976, JMLord, Inc. has provided consultants
More informationSoil properties and characteristic in Kuwait for agricultural development
Symposium no. 20 Paper no. 1507 Presentation: poster Soil properties and characteristic in Kuwait for agricultural development ABDAL Mahdi and SULEIMAN Majda Arid Land Agricultural Department, Kuwait Institute
More informationNITROGEN MINERALIZATION IN SOME CALCAREOUS SOILS OF IRAQ. Faiz G. Aziz, Hamad M. Salih, Barzan I. Khayatt, M. A. Umran
Proc. 5th Sci. Conf. / SRC Iraq, Baghdad 7 11 Oct. 1989 Vol. I Part 2 NITROGEN MINERALIZATION IN SOME CALCAREOUS SOILS OF IRAQ Faiz G. Aziz, Hamad M. Salih, Barzan I. Khayatt, M. A. Umran Department of
More information13 4III1 I Li, ULU EFFECT OF IRRIGATION METHOD AND LEACHING OF 1 NITRATE-NITROGEN ON SUCROSE PRODUCTION BY SUGARBEETS
13 4III1 I Li, ULU EFFECT OF IRRIGATION METHOD AND LEACHING OF 1 NITRATE-NITROGEN ON SUCROSE PRODUCTION BY SUGARBEETS J. N. Carter, C. H. Pair, and S. M. Bosma 2 Factors that influence sugarbeet root yield
More informationEXAMPLE QUESTIONS NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT CERTIFICATION EXAM
Department of Environmental Science and Technology EXAMPLE QUESTIONS NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT CERTIFICATION EXAM NOTE: The following questions were developed based on several of the knowledge areas for the
More informationph Management and Lime Material Selection and Application
ph Management and Lime Material Selection and Application Quirine M. Ketterings Cornell University Nutrient Management Spear Program http://nmsp.cals.cornell.edu Acidity and ph Acidity = H + and Al 3+
More informationLecture 18. Soil Acidity, Alkalinity, and Socidity
Lecture 18 Soil Acidity, Alkalinity, and Socidity 1 Questions ow can acidification occur in soils? ow does p affects availability of N, P, K? ow can acidic soils be managed? Define a saline and sodic soil.
More informationFertilizer and Nutrient Management of Timothy Hay
July 2009 Agdex 127/541-2 Fertilizer and Nutrient Management of Timothy Hay Timothy has a relatively high demand for nutrients. Under excellent moisture conditions or irrigation and when supplied with
More informationIrrigated Spring Wheat
Southern Idaho Fertilizer Guide Irrigated Spring Wheat Brad Brown, Jeffrey Stark, and Dale Westermann These fertilizer guidelines are based on relationships established between University of Idaho soil
More informationTowards understanding complex agricultural systems with soil-test biological activity
Towards understanding complex agricultural systems with soil-test biological activity Alan Franzluebbers Ecologist, Raleigh NC Soil Health Science: Focus on Function Producing plants and food Supplying
More informationTaking the Confusion Out of Soil Testing. Bill Kreuser University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Taking the Confusion Out of Soil Testing Bill Kreuser University of NebraskaLincoln Why Do We Soil Test? Estimate plant available nutrients Monitor changes in soil nutrients Peace of Mind Emphasis on Available
More informationLoropetalum Screening for High Lime Induced Abnormalities
Loropetalum Screening for High Lime Induced Abnormalities Nature of Work: Dr. James T. Midcap Department of Horticulture The University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602 Sizzling Pink Loropetalum has developed
More informationEffects of Sewage Sludge on Heavy Metal Accumulation in Soil and Plants, and on Crop Productivity in Aleppo Governorate
Effects of Sewage Sludge on Heavy Metal Accumulation in Soil and Plants, and on Crop Productivity in Aleppo Governorate Abstract M.M. Al-Zoubi 1, A. Arslan 1,2, G. Abdelgawad 2, N. Pejon 1, M. Tabbaa 1
More informationELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND DIELECTRIC CONSTANT AS INDICATORS OF AVAILABLE TOTAL MACRO AND MICRO NUTRIENTS IN THE SOIL
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND DIELECTRIC CONSTANT AS INDICATORS OF AVAILABLE TOTAL MACRO AND MICRO NUTRIENTS IN THE SOIL P. R. Chaudhari* and D. V. Ahire Microwave Research Laboratory, Z. B. Patil College,
More information2013 Georgia Grazing School:
Soil Fertility in Grazed Systems How Soil Holds Nutrients Soil Particle Organic Matter Extension Forage Specialist Crop and Soil Sciences UGA Mg K + Ca K + Al 3+ Mg Ca e.g., CEC = 10 K + K + Mg Ca Ca Mg
More information2014 Georgia Grazing School:
Soil Fertility in Grazed Systems Extension Forage Specialist Crop and Soil Sciences UGA What s in the soil, is in the plant, is in the animal,. Nutrient Storage Capacity How Soil Holds Nutrients Soil Particle
More informationSubject Index. See for options on how to legitimately share published articles.
INDEX 279 Subject Index Downloaded via 148.251.232.83 on December 24, 2018 at 05:54:08 (UTC). See https://pubs.acs.org/sharingguidelines for options on how to legitimately share published articles. Acid-base
More informationComparing Strip Trials of Chicken Litter, Compost, Hog Manure, and Wet Cattle Manure on Soil Fertility
Digital Collections @ Dordt Student Work 5-4-2018 Comparing Strip Trials of Chicken Litter, Compost, Hog Manure, and Wet Cattle Manure on Soil Fertility Tanner Douma Dordt College Emily Hummel Dordt College
More informationHOW TO ECONOMICALLY USE FERTILIZER IN PASTURE-BASED
HOW TO ECONOMICALLY USE FERTILIZER IN PASTURE-BASED DAIRY SYSTEMS Robert Kallenbach University of Missouri BEFORE YOU FERTILIZE ASK WHY? Some good reasons s to fertilize e You expect good growing conditions
More informationFERTILITY RECOMMENDATIONS
FERTILITY RECOMMENDATIONS Soil fertility is one of the primary yield building components of small grain management. A properly managed fertility program, including recommended fertilization and liming
More informationCalculating the Fertilizer Value of Manure from Livestock Operations
Calculating the Fertilizer Value of Manure from Livestock Operations.,I.. I I L.L --..'. Livestock producers know that manure can be applied to croplands as a soil amendment agent as well as a fertilizer.
More informationJim Ippolito USDA-ARS-Northwest Irrigation & Soils Research Lab Kimberly, Idaho
Biochar Uses and Potential Applications Jim Ippolito USDA-ARS-Northwest Irrigation & Soils Research Lab Kimberly, Idaho Outline Whats and whys of biochar Biochar Challenges Increase plant yields? Improve
More informationSoil Fertility Management
SFM-1 Revised April 2010 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY H.J. PATTERSON HALL COLLEGE PARK, MD 20742 PHONE (301) 405-1351 FAX (301) 314-2763 MCGRATHJ@UMD.EDU Soil Fertility Management AGRONOMIC CROP
More informationFor nmental. Written By: Agustin o, Professor. Developed in. and justice for all. Department of. funded by activities. )
Site-Specificc Nutrient Management For Nutrient Management Planning To Improve Crop Production, Environ nmental Quality, and Economic Return Presentationn Script: Overview - Chapter 1 Written By: Agustin
More informationNutrient Removal by Crops
Nutrient Removal by Crops REMOVAL OF PLANT NUTRIENTS BY CEREALS AND FEED GRAINS (LBS. PER BUSHEL) CROP YIELD Nitrogen P2O5 K2O Calcium Magnesium Sulfur Corn Total 1.50 0.60 1.30 0.21 0.20 0.16 Stover 0.50
More informationSoil Testing for Nutrient Management on Vegetable Farms. Becky Maden February 2018
Soil Testing for Nutrient Management on Vegetable Farms Becky Maden February 2018 What is Nutrient Management? Sufficient nutrients for maximum economic return Maximizing on-farm nutrient resources Minimizing
More informationUGA Ag & Environmental Services Lab. Jay Lessl, Ph.D. Program Coordinator AOOPA & GOGA Meeting 2019
UGA Ag & Environmental Services Lab Jay Lessl, Ph.D. Program Coordinator AOOPA & GOGA Meeting 2019 Our Mission To provide objective analytical services to agricultural producers, consumers, and agribusinesses
More information5. NITROGEN (N)-The Big Guy
5. NITROGEN (N)-The Big Guy Because of its overriding importance in agriculture, nitrogen has been studied more than any other nutrient. No attempt will be made here to give a detailed picture of nitrogen
More informationNITROGEN, SULFUR, POTASSIUM AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION IN ALFALFA WHEN ARE THEY NECESSARY? Richard T. Koenig 1 ABSTRACT
NITROGEN, SULFUR, POTASSIUM AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION IN ALFALFA WHEN ARE THEY NECESSARY? Richard T. Koenig 1 ABSTRACT Determining when applications of nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), potassium (K) and phosphorus
More informationPhosphorus Dynamics and Mitigation in Soils
Phosphorus Dynamics and Mitigation in Soils Umass Extension - Managing Phosphorus in Organic Residuals Applied to Soils: Composts, Biosolids, Manures and Others November 2, 2016 - Marlborough, MA Jennifer
More informationChapter 4.3. Manure Test Interpretation. learning objectives
Chapter 4.3 Manure Test Interpretation learning objectives Convert between units on a manure test report. Estimate available organic nitrogen and total crop available nitrogen from manure test information.
More informationNutrient Management in Vegetable Crops
Nutrient Management in Vegetable Crops Dr. Tom Thompson Dept. of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science Presented at 14 th Annual Desert Crops Workshop Holtville, CA 3 December, 2003 Objectives of Nutrient
More informationManaging nutrient needs in organic farming. Judith Nyiraneza
Managing nutrient needs in organic farming Judith Nyiraneza Managing nutrient supply One of the main challenge facing the organic farmer: In short-term: supply sufficient nutrient to the crop to achieve
More informationSoil Sampling & N Management. Nick Andrews (503) x 149
Soil Sampling & N Management Nick Andrews (503) 678 1264 x 149 Nick.andrews@oregonstate.edu Soil Sampling For Home Gardens & Small Acreages (EC 628) Test soil every 2 3 years in the spring or summer for
More informationFarm Water Quality Considerations
Farm Water Quality Considerations The quality of water on farm can have economic impacts for farmers through its effects on livestock, crop production, and the effectiveness of pesticides and other agricultural
More informationCan Sugar Beet Juice Effluent Be Used as a Biofertilizer?
Can Sugar Beet Juice Effluent Be Used as a Biofertilizer? WRPI/USDA WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PROJECT REPORT Anna Allen USDA-ARS-SJVASC 9611 E. RIVERBEND AVE. PARLIER, CA 93648 1 Table of Contents Acknowledgements...
More informationFACT SHEET. Manure Analysis And Interpretations
FACT SHEET Manure Analysis And Interpretations Manure is a co-product of animal agriculture. Depending on the point of view, it is either a resource for crop production or it is a waste product of the
More informationFertilizing Forages With Manure
Fertilizing Forages With Manure Manure is a valuable source of plant nutrients and organic matter and, when used as a fertilizer, will improve annual crop and forage production and soil quality. Livestock
More informationWQ221 Spreading Poultry Litter With Lab Analysis but Without Soil Tests...
1 of 9 2/1/2010 11:26 AM University of Missouri Extension WQ221, Reviewed January 2009 Spreading Poultry Litter With Lab Analysis but Without Soil Tests Charles D. Fulhage and Donald L. Pfost Department
More informationSoil Testing for P and K in Annual Crops
Soil Testing for P and K in Annual Crops Daniel Geisseler Nutrient Management Specialist, UC Davis California Plant and Soil Conference, Fresno February 6, 2018 Overview Phosphorus and potassium in soil
More informationOutline. Farmer Goals/Needs for their Soil 1/23/2017. Compost. Challenges Using Compost. Other Support
Outline Elsa Sanchez Brian Caldwell What are the farmers goals/needs for their soil? (Brian and Elsa) 5 min Nutrient building (Elsa) 20 min Soil tests and recommendations (Brian and Elsa) 5 min Nutrients
More informationCQA COMPOST QUALITY & VALUE TESTING PARAMETERS REPORT
To: Essex-Windsor SWA CQA Member#: 07-1200 360 Fairview Ave West Essex, Ontario N8M 3G4 Attention: www.compostquality.ca SUMMARY OF ANALYSIS REPORT Sample I.D.: ROW N17 Report#: C18075-10018 C18075-70000
More informationDo not oven-dry the soil
Fertilizing Corn Fact Sheet No..38 Crop Series Soil by J.G. Davis and D.G. Westfall* Adequate soil fertility is one of the requirements for profitable corn production. Nitrogen (N) is the most yield-limiting
More informationSUSTAINABILITY EFFECTS OF Crotalaria juncea L. AND Crotalaria spectabilis ROTH ON SOIL FERTILITY AND SOIL CONSERVATION
Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 12, EGU2010-3271, 2010 EGU General Assembly 2010 Author(s) 2010 SUSTAINABILITY EFFECTS OF Crotalaria juncea L. AND Crotalaria spectabilis ROTH ON SOIL FERTILITY AND
More informationPrinciples Of Fertigation In Micro Irrigation
Principles Of Fertigation In Micro Irrigation National Seminar On Fertigation Date: 15 th Sept. 2017 Venue: Hotel Surya Palace, Vadodara Snehasish Majumder FERTIGATION Fertigation is the process of application
More informationWhat is ph Soil ph Sources of soil acidity Managing soil ph Lime sources and use
What is ph Soil ph Sources of soil acidity Managing soil ph Lime sources and use ph is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration - log [H + ] What is the log of 100? 10 2 2 What is the log
More informationDECOMPOSITION OF ORGANIC MATTER IN SOIL
DECOMPOSITION OF ORGANIC MATTER IN SOIL The rapidity with which a given organic amendment is decomposed depends on temperature, the supply of oxygen, moisture, and available minerals, the C/N ratio of
More informationManure, Crops and Soil Health Jeff Schoenau PAg Department of Soil Science S.S. Malhi AAFC Melfort
Manure, Crops and Soil Health Jeff Schoenau PAg Department of Soil Science S.S. Malhi AAFC Melfort A resource: Manure: Fertilizer: N, P, K, S, Micronutrients: Soil Builder: Organic Matter, especially solid
More informationproject Leader: Dr. R. J. Zasoski (916) or cooperators: R.D. Meyer, H. Schulbach, and J.P. Edstrom.
1 project No. 88-R2 - Tree and Crop Research Root Zone Acidity and Chemistry continuation of Project No. 87-Rl) project Leader: Dr. R. J. Zasoski 916) 752-221 or 752-146 cooperators: R.D. Meyer, H. Schulbach,
More informationSoil Sampling and Nutrient Recommendations. Kent Martin SW Agronomy Agent Update 12/1/2009
Soil Sampling and Nutrient Recommendations Kent Martin SW Agronomy Agent Update 12/1/2009 Outline How to take a soil sample What is the appropriate depth for soil tests How many should you take How often
More informationJ. Bio. & Env. Sci. 2014
Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) ISSN: 2220-6663 (Print) 2222-3045 (Online) Vol. 5, No. 4, p. 453-460, 2014 http://www.innspub.net RESEARCH PAPER OPEN ACCESS Impact of wastewater
More informationInterpreting Soils tests to build active soils w/cover crops
Interpreting Soils tests to build active soils w/cover crops Eero Ruuttila UCONN Sustainable Agriculture Specialist January 18, 2014 Getting Started in Organic Farming Conference The popular mind is still
More informationGeneral Recommendations for Fertilization of Turfgrasses on Florida Soils 1
SL1 General Recommendations for Fertilization of Turfgrasses on Florida Soils 1 J.B. Sartain In many neighborhoods, people envy the individual with the most beautiful lawn and think they cannot grow a
More informationNutrient Management in Organic Production
Nutrient Management in Organic Production ORGANIC PRODUCTION Tradition Philosophy Science Characteristics of Organic Production Reliance on on-farm nutrient sources, fewer purchased inputs Holistic- emphasis
More informationSUMMARY OF ANALYSIS REPORT
To: Essex-Windsor SWA CQA Member#: 07-1200 360 Fairview Ave West Essex, ON N8M 3G4 Attention: Report#: SUMMARY OF ANALYSIS REPORT C17191-10025 C17191-70009 www.compostquality.ca Sample I.D.: Sample Date:
More informationEdible Hemp Foliar Sampling Project 2018 Judson Reid and Lindsey Pashow; Harvest NY Cornell Cooperative Extension
Edible Hemp Foliar Sampling Project 2018 Judson Reid and Lindsey Pashow; Harvest NY Cornell Cooperative Extension Hemp, a multi-use crop that has been cultivated for centuries, is increasingly cultivated
More informationCrop Nutrition Key Points:
Crop Nutrition Key Points: Apply N fertiliser using the recommendations table (below) but making allowances for N applied in organic manures. N fertiliser applications should be timed to avoid impairing
More informationReview of Current Sugarcane Fertilizer Recommendations: A Report from the UF/IFAS Sugarcane Fertilizer Standards Task Force 1
SL 295 Review of Current Sugarcane Fertilizer Recommendations: A Report from the UF/IFAS Sugarcane Fertilizer Standards Task Force 1 K. T. Morgan, J. M. McCray, R. W. Rice, R. A. Gilbert, and L. E. Baucum
More informationMWELO Providing Insight on Soil and Compost Requirements. Will Bakx
MWELO Providing Insight on Soil and Compost Requirements Will Bakx www.sonomacompost.com willbakx@sonomacompost.com Soils: 2 Sections 492.5 Soil Management report 492.6(3) Soil Preparation, Mulch and Amendments
More informationA soil health analysis of the Nathan Stecklein home farm. Nicole Stecklein
A soil health analysis of the Nathan Stecklein home farm Nicole Stecklein Historical yield data for Nathan s Home Farm Field Year Crop Yield (bu/ac) North 2008 Corn 177 2009 Corn 214 2010 Corn 177 2011
More informationFertilization of Oklahoma Bermudagrass (Oklahoma ) Fertilization of Bermudagrass (2007) o (Texas 2007) o (Oklahoma 2007) Fertilizer Comparisons
Bermudagrass Fertilization of Oklahoma Bermudagrass (Oklahoma - 2006) Fertilization of Bermudagrass (2007) o (Texas 2007) o (Oklahoma 2007) Fertilizer Comparisons in Bermudagrass (Oklahoma 2009) Fertilization
More informationEffects of Biofertilizers Effects of Compost, Vermicompost and Sulfur Compost on Yield of Saffron
World Applied Sciences Journal (9): 86-90, 0 ISSN 88-495 IDOSI Publications, 0 DOI: 0.589/idosi.wasj.0..9.88 Effects of Biofertilizers Effects of Compost, Vermicompost and Sulfur Compost on Yield of Saffron
More informationFor over 40 years, soil testing has been a recommended means
Part I Agronomic Crops 65 9 Soil Testing and Nutrient Recommendations Gary W. Hergert UNL Professor of Agronomy For over 40 years, soil testing has been a recommended means of predicting the kind and amount
More information102 - PHOSPHORUS ON THE FARM FROM FEED GRAINS AND BY- PRODUCTS - by Mike Gamroth and Troy Downing, Oregon State University
WIN 2 ME Western Integrated Nutrition and Nutrient Management Feed Management Education for the Agri-Professional 102 - PHOSPHORUS ON THE FARM FROM FEED GRAINS AND BY- PRODUCTS - by Mike Gamroth and Troy
More information