Applying CAPRI-RD to Environmental Impact Assessment, the example of Greening the CAP
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1 Applying CAPRI-RD to Environmental Impact Assessment, the example of Greening the CAP ML. Paracchini, C. Bulgheroni, JM. Terres, A. Wania, F. Ramos, C. Capitani, A. Leip Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability Project conference Novotel Leuven Centrum th February 2013
2 The environmental indicators module Ex-post Baseline - Simulation Analysis - Crop shares - Livestock densities - Farm input Crop shares - Livestock densities - Farm input Soil, Meteo, terrain downscaling NUTS2 HSMU 1x1km calculation Environmental Indicators Moments (mean, weighted average variance, percentiles, ), Thresholds statistical upscaling Environmental Indicators 2
3 Delineation of HSMU Each HSMU is regarded as similar both in terms of agronomic practices and the natural environment, embracing conditions that lead to similar emissions of GHGs or other pollutants. Cluster of 1x1 km grid cells Size varies depending on homogeneity Some statistics for EU27 206tsd HSMUs 153tsd HSMUs with potential UAA 25.1 km2 mean size 47% mean share of UAA 3 3
4 CMEF and CAPRI-RD Indicators Risk of Soil Erosion CMEF #22 Area at risk of soil erosion Biodiversity Friendly Farming Practices CMEF #18 Biodiversity: HNV farmland and forestry CMEF # 5 Maintenance of HNV farmland and forestry Agricultural Landscape Structure No CMEF indicators Environmental Compensation Zones No CMEF indicators Farmland Bird Index (very soon implemented) CMEF #17 Biodiversity: Population of farmland birds CMEF # 4 Reversing Biodiversity decline Nitrogen Balance CMEF #20 Gross Nutrient Balance Emissions (GHG, NH 3, NO x, N 2, NO 3 ) CMEF #26 Climate change/air quality: gas emissions from agriculture 4
5 Risk of soil erosion Definition: Estimate of potential annual soil erosion (by water) on a field slope, based on rainfall pattern (R), soil type (K), slope length (LS), crop system and management practices (C,P). Calculation Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation A=KxLSxRxCxP A = potential long term average soil loss (t/ha/year) K = soil erodibility factor (t ha h/ ha MJ mm) LS = slope length-gradient factor R = rainfall and runoff factor (MJ mm/ha h year) C = crop-management factor P = support practice factor 5
6 Risk of soil erosion
7 Biodiversity friendly farming practices (BFP) Definition: Proxy for CMEF High Nature Value farmland indicator, qualitative information about impact of farming practices on biodiversity Measurement: Composite of key sub-indicators with regard to agricultural land use type (arable, grassland and permanent crops) and main drivers (livestock density and N input - proxies for intensity of management) 0-10 Range: 0 = high intensity, monoculture 10 = optimal intensity to maintain biodiversity High support to biodiversity threshold: > 8 Paracchini, Britz (2010) 7
8 Environmental indicators in impact assessment - CAP Greening (1) Farmland Bird Index (FBI) Base year = 1.0 Measures changes in relative abundance of one or more farmland bird species Country specific species list Regression model from time series (crop shares, NPK) Analysis of FBI for France: 2020 baseline projects modest decline (compared to past trends) Greening improves FBI slightly by 0.01 due to increase in grasslands The FBI is developed in collaboration with: François Chiron, Karine Princé, Frédéric Jiguet (French Museum of Natural History), Petr Vorisek (Pan-European Common Bird Monitoring Scheme & European Breeding Bird Atlas, Czech Society for Ornithology), Simon Butler (University of East Anglia)
9 Impact of Greening on Biodiversity Friendly Practices indicator: Overall slightly beneficial Modest improvements in intensive arable regions (crop diversity, grassland, setaside share reduce N input in average) Diffuse modest decline (price increases trigger yield increases, beneficial effect of set-aside effect limited) Environmental indicators in impact assessment - CAP Greening (2)
10 Environmental indicators in impact assessment CAP Greening (3) Biodiversity Friendly Farming practices
11 Environmental indicators in impact assessment CAP Greening (3) Annual average soil erosion - % change
12 Environmental indicators in impact assessment CAP Greening (3) Landscape diversity (Shannon index)
13 Environmental indicators in impact assessment CAP Greening (3) Environmental Compensation Zones* /UAA - % change * set-aside (obligatory and voluntary) + fallow land
14 Thank you for your attention! Contacts: Maria Luisa Paracchini Claudia Bulgheroni Jean Michel Terres 14
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