2016 Cotton Weed Talk

Transcription

1 2016 Cotton Weed Talk Anthony Ohmes University of Missouri Extension 2007, Kendig

2 Thank You Jim Heiser Fisher Delta Research Center PO Box State Hwy T Portageville, MO (573) (O) (573) (C) deltaweeds Kevin Bradley University of Missouri Weed Specialist

3 Thank You Larry Steckel University of Tennessee Plant Sciences

4 What to talk about? Resistance update Managing New Tech Cover crops

5 Glyphosate-resistant Johnsongrass Steckel, 2015

6 Glyphosate-resistance Goosegrass Steckel 2011

7 Clethodim rescue treatment Steckel 2015

8 Glyphosate-resistance Annual Ryegrass Steckel 2012

9 PPO Resistant Palmer Amaranth 100% Mortality < 15% Survival > 30% Survival

10 PPO Resistance Greenhouse Study Jim Heiser, Univ. of Missouri Jim Heiser, Univ. of Missouri

11 PPO Resistance Greenhouse Study Fomesafen was applied 21 of 27 sample sites had at least one survivor 13 sites >30% surviving Samples being sent to University of IL lab for gene testing to confirm resistance

12 Multiple-resistant Waterhemp: The Real Nightmare! 2X Roundup 2X Cobra 2X Harmony 2X Roundup 2X Cobra 2X Harmony Bradley, 2008

13 Status of PPO-Resistant Waterhemp in Illinois Collections 77 random populations PPO-resistant biotypes: Found in 23 counties Young, SIU 2008 Approx. 25% of the random collections

14 % Survival Survival of MO Palmer Amaranth Populations, 1 st Run Roundup1X Roundup2X Cobra2X Harmony2X 0 Palmer Amaranth Population Bradley, 2009

15 Let s not forget 1 Palmer/ 3m of row reduces soybean yield 32% (Klingaman and Oliver 1994) 1 Palmer/ 3m of row reduces cotton yield 52% (Culpepper et. al 2009) Palmer amaranth emerging with corn reduced yield from 11 to 91% as density increased from 0.5 to 8 plants/m of row. (Massinga et. al. 2001)

16 Glufosinate Still finicky Still used on majority of acres Still needs residual program Preplant/Pre/Early Post/Layby Can see some burn from Dual/Warrant tankmixes under high humidity environment Still a contact herbicide 15 GPA+ Ultra coarse droplets fall short for coverage Can mitigate some early injury Still works better on <4 tall pigweed Still likes daytime sun for optimal control 2 hours after sunrise and 1 hour after sunset PPO s are showing similar likes

17 Steckel 2015 Liberty Tankmix Injury on Cotton Picture taken 7 DAA 29 oz/a Liberty + 16 oz/a Dual Mag

18 Nozzle Effect on Cotton Injury Roundup WM 32 oz + Liberty 32 oz + Dual Magnum 16 oz Dual Fan UTC

19 % Injury Roundup Xtend Cotton Injury a b c c 5 0 Flat Fan DR 50% Cycle TTI Dual fan - AI 7 DAA 21 DAA

20 Coverage Compromise Steckel 2015

21 Glufosinate Time of Day DAWN NOON DUSK Steckel 2015 Steckel 2014

22 PPO Time of Day Steckel 2015

23 Leaf Closure Prior to Sunrise Only Steckel 201

24 New Tech Lineup Herbicides not labeled yet! Enlist Duo w/ Colex-D tech (2,4-D) Roundup Xtend w/ VaporGrip tech and Engenia (dicamba) Glufosinate tolerance Strict Labeling Nozzle Restrictions Tank-mix Restrictions Tank Cleanout Requirements

25 Approved Nozzles for Roundup Ready Xtend Crop System Very Coarse Extremely Coarse Ultra Coarse AIXR TeeJet Air Induction XR Wilger Drift Reduction AITTJ60 TeeJet Hypro Ultra Lo-Drift Turbo TeeJet Induction Greenleaf AirMix AI TeeJet Air Induction (80 ) Approved nozzles based on Monsanto wind tunnel testing (Hewitt, U. of Queensland, August 2012) Greenleaf TurboDrop XL AI/AIC TeeJet Air Induction (110 ) As of November 2012 Pending Regulatory Approvals

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27 Stewardship Manage for the future READ and follow label Timing, timing, timing

28 Stewardship Tank cleanout critical Utilize Flag the Tech Drift watch Watch Kevin Bradley s Good Stewardship and herbicide tolerant crops YouTube video m/watch?v=eee8cgf_x Bc

29 Synthetic Auxin Injury Symptoms

30 Cover Crops MU research on vetch provided N benefit to cotton Weed control: wheat or cereal rye based cover works well in soybean and cotton in suppressing pigweed

31 Influence of Cover Crops vs. Herbicide Treatments on Cumulative Summer Annual Weed Emergence (Columbia, MO 2013) Nontreated Control Late Spring Burndown (Rndup+2,4-D) Fall Trtmt (Rndup+2,4-D+AthrtyXL) Austrian Pea Cereal Rye/H. Vetch Hairy Vetch Crimson Clover Tillage Radish Oats Italian Ryegrass Cereal Rye Wheat Kevin Bradley, Univ. Missouri Cumulative Summer Ann Weed Emergence (#/m 2 )

32 Palmer Suppression w/ Cover Crop

33 Biomass (kg ha -1 ) Biomass Rye + Vetch Rye + Clover Wheat + Vetch Wheat + Clover Hairy Vetch Winter Wheat Crimson Clover Cereal Rye Fallow A B B BC CD D E E F 0 Cover Type Pr>F = < LSD = 581 Larry Steckel, UT

34 Summary PPO Resistant Palmer Game Changer Positive side: variability in resistance Liberty System will be leaned on even harder Understand the finicky nature of glufosinate to maximize efficacy New Tech will help Stewardship is critical Residuals w/ effective mode of action still needed Can mitigate burn of Group 15 products by increasing droplet size Cover crops for weed control will become more necessary Maximize biomass accumulation to increase suppression

35 THANK YOU