Introduction to Biomedical Engineering. What is Biomedical Engineering?

Transcription

1 Introduction to Biomedical Engineering What is Biomedical Engineering?

2 About lecturer Myunghwan Choi, PhD Majored Biomedical Engineering Research topic - neurophotonics Past: intravital microscopy, endomicroscopy, neuromodulation Current: myelin nanoscopy, functional connectome on taste photomodulation@gmail.com Phone: Office: N-Center #86336

3 Course website

4 Course description This course will provide students with fundamental concept of biomedical engineering and knowledge for subsequent bioengineering courses. The aim of this course is to provide adequate breath in identifying the many challenging issues in biomedical engineering. Exposure to the breadth and depth of the field Exposure to cutting-edge researches Grasp of basic quantitative approach to biomedical problems

5 Main textbook Biomedical Engineering: Bridging Medicine and Technology (2nd edition)

6 Journal papers Biomedical Engineering is a relatively young discipline, growing rapidly. New scientific knowledge is added everyday. State-of-the-art information can be found in journals, rather than in textbooks.

7 Grading Relative grading A (> 90) B (> 80) C (> 70) Task Participation Mid-term exam Homework/Quiz Final project Percentage 10 % 35 % 20 % 35 %

8 Participation (10 %) Answer to my quiz Asking question Comment Discussion

9 Midterm exam (30 %) Key concepts Quantitative analysis How to measure How to interpret data

10 Final term project (40%) Write a minireview (~ 2000 words) on a subdiscipline of BME Experience scientific writing/presentation Detailed understanding of the subfield you interested Learn how to use a citation manager

11 Science vs. Engineering

12 Science vs. Engineering Traditional view Scientists create knowledge study the world as it is are trained in scientific method use explicit knowledge are thinkers More realistic view Scientists create knowledge are problem-driven seek to understand and explain design experiments to test theories not much interested in application Engineers apply that knowledge seek to change the world are trained in engineering design use tacit knowledge are doers Engineers create knowledge are problem-driven seek to understand and explain design devices to test theories also interested in application

13 Science vs. Engineering Science System Theory Engineering

14 Science vs. Engineering Scientists try to understand nature. Engineers try to make things that do not exist in nature. Engineers stress invention. To embody an invention the engineer must put his idea in concrete terms, and design something that people can use. That something can be a device, a gadget, a material, a method, a computing program, an innovative experiment, a new solution to a problem, or an improvement on what is existing. Since a design has to be concrete, it must have its geometry, dimensions, and characteristic numbers. Almost all engineers working on new designs find that they do not have all the needed information. Most often, they are limited by insufficient scientific knowledge. Thus they study mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and mechanics. Often they have to add to the sciences relevant to their profession. Theodore Von Karman (aerospace engineer)

15 Examples of Engineering Mechancal engineering ( 기계공학 ) Civil engineering ( 토목공학 ) Physics Electrical engineering ( 전기공학 ) Chemical engineering ( 화학공학 ) Material engineering ( 재료공학 ) Biomedical engineering ( 의생명공학 ) Chemistry Biomedicine Biomedical engineers apply electrical, chemical, optical, mechanical, and other engineering principlesto understand, modifyorcontrol biologicalsystem.

16 Biomedical engineering depts.washington.edu

17 Examples Study of protein-surface interactions (biomechanics, biophysics) Invention of new medical diagnostic tests (bioinstrumentation, biosensor) Therapeutic and rehabilitation procedures and devices (rehabilitation engineering) MRI, CT, PET (medical device, medical imaigng) Microscopic imaging of cellular processes in living animals (bioimaging) Light to control neural activity or make tissue translucent (biophotonics) Creating of new biological products (biotechnology and tissue engineering) Diagnostic interpretation via signal-processing (bioinformatics, computational biology) Computer analysis of clinical data and decision making (medical informatics) Production of synthetic vaccines from engineered cells (synthetic biology) Devices for mimicking body functions (artificial organs, biomaterial)

18 Major achievements in BME Hip-joint replacement Angioplasty MRI Pacemaker Hemodialysis Genome sequencing

19 Professional BME society IEEE EMS (IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society) Founded in BMES (Biomedical Engineering Society) Founded in Illinois,

20 Optical physics + Cell biology

21 Material science + Neuroscience

22 BRAIN initiative new Presidential focus aimed at understanding of the brain. focuses on technology development (engineering science) to understand how neurons interact in both time and space

23 BRAIN initiative

24 Lecture schedule Week Topic Course introduction Molecular biomechanics (Ch. 2) Cellular biomechanics Tissue biomechanics (Ch. 10) Bioinstrumentation (Ch. 11) Clinical bioimaging (Ch. 12) Optical bioimaging (Ch. 12) Mid-term exam Biophotonics Biotechnology (Ch. 13) Neuroengineering Biomaterials and Nanotechnology (Ch. 15) Bioinformatics and Systems biology Final project

25 Homework #1 Due: next lecture Q1. Write a definition (1 sentence) of biomedical engineering in your own words. Q2. Pick a faculty member in the department. Perform a Medline (or Google Scholar) search with your selected faculty member as the author to find a list of articles that he or she has written in the past two years. Select an article and write a brief summary of the findings for a general audience (~ 200 words). In which subdiscipline of biomedical engineering does this research work belong?