Sustainable Buildings

Transcription

1 TramStore21 Report Building sustainable and efficient tram depots for cities in the 21st century Sustainable Buildings TramStore21, 2012

2 Contents Contents... 2 Contacts TramStore21 Partners... 3 Introduction... 4 BREEAM Certification... 5 DGNB Certification... 9 HQE Haute Qualité Environnementale...13 Applications by partners...14 Blackpool Council...14 Grand DIJON...16 RET...18 STIB...19 Key Points...20 BREEAM...20 LEED...20 DGNB...20 TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 2

3 Contacts TramStore21 Partners This is a list of experts on this issue, within five TramStore21 partnership organisations. You may contact each person directly to get expert feedback. Name Organisation Function or Department Telephone Kathrin Hesse Fraunhofer IML Department of Logistics, Section of Environment Kathrin.Hesse@iml.fr aunhofer.de +49 (0) Joseph Dörmann Fraunhofer IML Department of Logistics, Section of Construction joseph.doermann@ iml.fraunhofer.de Lionel Thiébault STIB Energy and HQE officer, Infrastructures thiebaultl@ stib.irisnet.be Koos Spindler RET/ Spindler Design to Build spindler@ designtobuild.nl Rem de Tender RET Beverwaard officer remdetender@ret.nl Phil Nixon Blackpool Council Senior Project Manager phil.nixon@ blackpool.gov.uk Olivier Henry Grand Dijon Société d'economie Mixte d'aménagement de l'agglomération Dijonnaise ohenry@ semaad.com Sophie Mirlicourtois Grand Dijon/ CSD Ingénieurs Ingénieur d études Environnement et Construction S.Mirlicourtois@ csdingenieurs.fr

4 Introduction There are four different methods to estimate the sustainability of buildings: LEED BREEAM DGNB (German certification) HQE For real estate there are currently different international, voluntary assessment systems to the certification of the sustainability of real estate. These different systems are applicable for logistics of real estate however they use different sources of information, systems and assessment criteria. Amongst others, these include the British BREEAM certificate, which has already been used for twenty years as well as the LEED certificate of US Green Building Councils, which was introduced in In 2008, the German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB) together with the Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development (BMVBS) has developed a German certification system. Nevertheless, in regards to the aims of the joint project, they form the essential basis for the logistics real estate area. For more information please the respective websites at: TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 4

5 A resume on the four certification systems was kept short, as each website of the council provides further source information. BREEAM Certification 1 BREEAM (BRE Environmental Assessment Method) is the leading environmental assessment method for buildings. It determines the specification to the highest standard and sustainable planning and has been developed to a successful tool for describing the environmental performance of a building. BREEAM uses a transparent and easy to understand points system and has a significant degree of influence on the planning, implementation and managing process of building constructions. It sets a robust technical standard with quality assurance and certification. BENEFITS FOR OCCUPIERS The flexibility increases and the operating costs are simultaneously getting reduced. Additional benefits for the occupiers are the high indoor quality, good day lighting, occupant control and low ambient noise levels. BENEFITS FOR DESIGNERS By using the BRREAM environmental assessment method, designers increase their knowledge and improve their image. The project management gains efficiency and success, the clients satisfaction grows. A good method of saving money is the using of expensive sustainable materials and reducing of mechanical plants. More investments in the design often make savings on the capital costs. BENEFITS FOR INVESTORS AND DEVELOPERS Investors can recognize their benefits by using BREEAM in their increased marketability, flexibility and return on the investment. 1 [BREEAM 2008] BRE Global Ltd: Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM), Watford, UK. Stand Internet (2010): (last visit March, 8 th 2012) TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 5

6 The buildings are rated on a scale of Pass, Good, Very Good, Excellent or Outstanding and certificate awarded. The certification includes the following environmental impacts: Figure 1: Areas considered by BREEAM To learn more about BREEAM please visit TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 6

7 LEED Certification 2 The LEED (Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design) Green Building Rating System is a voluntary, consensus-based standard to support and certify successful green building design, construction and operations. LEED is an internationally recognised green building certification system, providing third-party verification that a building or community was designed and built using strategies aimed at improving performance across all the metrics that matter most: energy savings, water efficiency, CO 2 emissions reduction, improved indoor environmental quality and stewardship of resources and sensitivity to their impacts. Figure 2: Overview of framework and solutions provided by LEED3 Developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), LEED provides building owners and operators a concise framework for identifying and implementing practical and measurable green building design, construction, operations and maintenance solutions. LEED is flexible enough to apply to all building types commercial as well as residential. It works throughout the building lifecycle design and construction, operations and maintenance, tenant fitout and significant retrofit. How is LEED developed? LEED rating systems are developed through an open consensus-based process led by LEED committees. Each volunteer committee is composed of a diverse group of practitioners and experts representing a cross-section of the building and construction industry. The key elements of USGBC's consensus process include a balanced and transparent committee structure, technical advisory groups that ensure scientific consistency and rigor, opportunities for stakeholder comment and review, member ballot of new rating systems and a fair and open appeals process. 2 3 [LEED 2009] U.S. Green Building Council: Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), Washington, D.C., USA. Stand Internet (2010): (last visit March, 8 th 2012) last visited TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 7

8 Figure 3: Key areas of LEED Certification LEED promotes a whole-building approach to sustainability by recognising performance in five key areas of human and environmental health: Figure 4: Benefits of LEED Certification TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 8

9 LEED FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION PROCESS OF CERTIFICATION LEED for New Construction addresses design and construction activities for both new buildings and major renovations of existing buildings. A major renovation involves major HVAC renovation, significant envelope modifications and major interior rehabilitation. Here is some information on the steps to pursuing LEED certificate: Figure 5: Steps of LEED Certification To learn more about LEED please visit: or DGNB Certification 4 The German Sustainable Building Certification is a new and clearly structured tool for the planning and evaluation of buildings. As it is based on a meritocratic rating system, it covers all relevant topics of sustainable construction. Outstanding buildings are awarded the categories bronze, silver or gold. The German Sustainable Building Certification was developed by the German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB) in collaboration with the Federal Ministry of Transport, Building, and Urban Affairs (BMVBS) to be used as a tool for the planning and evaluation of buildings in regards to quality. German Sustainable Building Certification covers all relevant topics of sustainable construction and awards outstanding buildings in the categories bronze, silver and gold by a clearly arranged and easy to understand rating system. Six subjects affect the evaluation: ecology, economy, social-cultural and functional topics, techniques, processes and location. The certificate is based on the concept of integral planning that defines the aims of sustainable construction at an early stage. In this way, sustainable buildings can be 4 [DGNB 2008] Deutsche Gesellschaft für nachhaltiges Bauen e.v. (DGNB): DGNB-Zertifikat, Stuttgart. Stand Internet (2010): (last visit March, 8 th 2012) TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 9

10 designed in consideration with the current state of technology and they can communicate their quality with this new certificate. Guidelines for DGNB Certification Figure 6: DGNB Certification Steps Figure 7: Advantages of DGNB Certification Methodical principles of the certification system The German Sustainable Building Certification is a transparent and comprehensible rating system that was developed on the basis of real-world circumstances. It defines the quality of buildings in a comprehensive way and enables auditors to conduct an evaluation systematically and independently. TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 10

11 During the evaluation 6 topics are considered by the certification: Ecological Quality Economical Quality Socio-cultural and Functional Quality Technical Quality Quality of the Process Quality of the Location Figure 8: Topics of DGNB Certification 5 The topics are weighted differently in the overall assessment of the building, depending on their relevance. For example, for the certification New Construction Office and Administration, Version 2008, both the economical and the ecological quality have the same weighting (22.5% each). The quality of the location is not included in the final grade but is presented separately. The clarity of the system is the benefit for owner, operators and users of a building. The version of the German certification system of 2008 filters the analysis of the sustainability of office an administration buildings in 49 criteria. These criteria are based on the building properties and categorized by six topics of the system: Ecological Quality Economical Quality Socio-cultural and Functional Quality Technical Quality Quality of the Process Quality of the Location EVALUATION MATRIX The evaluation matrix represents the structure of the system and is an important tool for calculating the degree of compliance with the certification requirements. Each criterion is assigned a maximum of 10 points and all criteria together are graded by a weighting factor from 0 to 3. 5 German Sustainable Building Certificate Structure Application Criteria, DGNB Second English Edition, March 2009 (Brochure) TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 11

12 EVALUATION Compliance of 89 % - gold Compliance of 65 % - silver Compliance of 50 % - gold Figure 9: DGNB Evaluation Matrix 6 Alternatively, the total degree of compliance is indicated by grades. A total degree of compliance of 95% corresponds to grade 1,0 80% corresponds to 1,5 65% corresponds to 2,0 To learn more on DGNB certification please visit 6 German Sustainable Building Certificate Structure Application Criteria, DGNB Second English Edition, March 2009 (Brochure) TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 12

13 HQE Haute Qualité Environnementale The Haute Qualité Environnementale or HQE (High Quality Environmental standard) is a standard for green building in France, based on the principles of sustainable development generated by Earth Summit in The standard is controlled by the Association pour la Haute Qualité Environnementale (ASSOHQE), Paris. The standard specifies criteria as follows: Figure 10: Specification standards by HQE Certification TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 13

14 Applications by partners Blackpool Council Description BREEAM Certification Project: Blackpool tram depot Client: Blackpool Borough Council Procedure: At VolkerFitzpatrick our in-house assessors carry out pre-assessments on all tenders. We then target what rating each assessment will achieve. VFL Review Actual: Very Good Figure 11: Starr Gate tram depot BREEAM Certificate TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 14

15 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As requested, we have reviewed the design documents and carried out a preassessment of the project to see what the likely score would be if an assessment were carried out. Using the BREEAM industrial scheme a pre-assessment has been carried out and on the current design a score of 55.30% is achieved. Within the 2008 scheme there are mandatory credits within each rating and all of these have therefore been achieved though the score above can achieve a Very Good rating. For further details, please view the summary results pages from the BREEAM assessment. Key figures Please view the separate document Blackpool and Fleetwood Tramway Depot BREEAM Review. Experiences The Starr Gate depot has undergone an initial assessment process, via the main contractor, which indicated that the development could achieve a very good rating. A meeting has been arranged with the BREEAM assessor to progress this application and obtain the appropriate accreditation. A separate document of this assessment is also provided. TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 15

16 Grand DIJON The aim of the depot construction is to achieve the development of the first two tram lines in the city of Dijon. It is located at the southwest of Dijon, at the site of the former SNCF maintenance workshop, Dijon Perrigny. The project includes the construction and renovation of a maintenance hall, a stabling area for trams, a bus parking area and an office building. Description Figure 12: Depot Site at Grand Dijon GRAND DIJON ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITMENT Grand Dijon took an environmental step by realising the first two tramlines and the future tram and bus depot. This should be achieved through sustainable building. The document Environmental Management Plan was created to demonstrate the needs and objectives of Grand Dijon. It should help to reduce the impact of the project on the environment by laying down objectives of various sets of issues. This reference frame makes it possible to generate a priority list based on a hierarchical structure to control the work, to clearly highlight the objectives of each issue and the actions that are to be carried out. It also offers constant guidelines to keep track of throughout the project in order to achieve its targeted environmental quality. The Environmental Management Plan includes the following topics in particular: TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 16

17 High-quality of Use in terms of the installation and the future use and management of the site construction of the building site management of rain water: maximum re-use of rain water for tram and bus washing management of wastewater management of waste reducing the energy consumption service road of traffic Energy performance - call for projects of the Bourgogne region In 2009, the district council of Bourgogne launched a third call for projects to generalise the concept of low energy buildings and to work on the concept of very low energy buildings, positive energy buildings and weak energy content buildings. In June 2009, Grand Dijon answered to the call for projects of innovating constructive modes for the office building. This call proposes three performance levels: level 1: Low energy buildings like the BBC buildings ( Bâtiment Basse Consommation, a French label for housing buildings) level 2: Very low energy buildings like passive buildings level 3: Positive energy buildings The project was adapted to level 2 - "VERY LOW ENERGY BUILDING (passive level). The objectives of this level are as follows: the annual consumption of heating should not exceed 20 kwhpe/square metres/year the total consumption of the entire use must be lower than 80 kwhpe/square metre/year. TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 17

18 RET Remarks The objective of this document is to demonstrate the measuring techniques that were applied to assess the use of environmentally friendly applications to the buildings. This relates particularly to the environmental assessment programmes such as GPRbuilding (sustainable building), GreenCalc+, BREEAM, etc. How has RET assessed its plans? RET has not used any of the calculation methods referred to in its environmental assessment of Beverwaard depot. Instead, various physical and structural calculations have been generated and the environmental measures were assessed in relation to the list of measures prescribed by DUBO (an organisation that promotes sustainable building). The measures of DUBO are only a list of recommended measures. In regards to this list we have submitted a number of proposals that are included in our initial report of environmental measures. The list of DUBO does not rate in any way. It is purely applied as an incentive. According to the Building Act of 2002, a structural and physical calculation of a building is mandatory when applying for a building permit. On 1 st of January 2006, a minimum EPC value of 0.80 applied to housing, 1.5 to office buildings and 2.20 to other spaces. The depot is part of the last two categories. In the case of a multipurpose building, the energy efficiency values may not exceed a maximum of permissible value: Q pres;total /Q pres;authorized 1,0 RET wants a sustainable construction, so it was assumed that an EPC value is achieved which would be 20% lower than the required value of the Building Act. This value therefore was the target value: Q pres;total /Q pres;authorized 0,8 The calculation shows that the requirement was met, with an EPC value of This value was achieved by applying materials with a higher insulating value and by the use of innovative heating and ventilation techniques. TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 18

19 STIB Remarks The choice of materials used must take the environmental aspect into account. Recycled materials will be given priority and composite materials, which are difficult to reprocess will be rejected. This aspect will be analysed in detail as part of the BREEAM certification procedure. These requirements will also be found in the building specifications. Whilst the work takes place, the construction of a waste collection centre is planned, allowing the collection and sorting of waste materials of the site. It will facilitate the recycling of waste and will save removal costs (removal of mixed building waste costs about 7 times as much as the removal of sorted waste). No incineration of waste or combustible materials will be allowed at the site. The contractor must take care to avoid the contamination of the soil by hazardous or toxic waste materials (oil, fuel oil etc.). In particular, any substance that presents a risk to the soil or groundwater and any hazardous material as defined in the General Regulations for Safety in the Workplace must be stored on impermeable ground and must be covered, then handed over to a licensed collector. During the various construction phases, STIB must ensure that roads used by lorries will be cleaned and usable for the users of existing buildings. It will therefore be necessary to determine the exact responsibilities (municipality, contractor etc.) for the various operations: rubbish collection, cleaning, the clearing of snow, etc. The work specifications to be drawn up will include that the contractor is responsible for the cleanliness of the site and its immediate surroundings for the whole period of its operations. In terms of the movement of vehicles transporting waste, earth and building materials, a traffic plan will be created in cooperation with the police. TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 19

20 Key Points BREEAM Clients, planners, development agencies, funders and developers use BREEAM to specify the sustainability performance of their buildings in a quick and comprehensive way, highly visible in the market place and providing a level playing field. Property agents use it to promote the environmental credentials and benefits of a building to potential purchasers and tenants. Design teams use it as a tool to improve the performance of their buildings and their own experience and knowledge of environmental aspects of sustainability. Managers use it to reduce running costs, to measure and improve the performance of buildings, empower staff, develop action plans and monitor and report performance at both the single building and portfolio level. 7 LEED Architects, real estate professionals, facility managers, engineers, interior designers, landscape architects, construction managers, lenders and government officials use LEED to help transform the built environment to sustainability. State and local governments are adopting LEED for public-owned and public-funded buildings; there are LEED initiatives in federal agencies, including the Departments of Defence, Agriculture, Energy and State. There are LEED projects worldwide (e.g. Canada, Brazil, Mexico and India). 8 DGNB The German Sustainable Building Certificate is a rating system which is clearly arranged and easy to understand. It covers all relevant topics of sustainable construction and awards outstanding buildings in the categories bronze, silver and gold. Six subjects affect the evaluation: ecology, economy, socio-cultural and functional topics, techniques, processes and location. The certificate is based on the concept of integral planning that defines, at an early stage, the aims of the sustainable construction. The pre-certification process allows owners to optimise their building during the planning phase and to market it at an early stage with verifiable statements about its sustainability. The benchmarks for awarding the last visited last visited TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 20

21 certificate are orientated on the current state-of-the-art and on an integral planning statement that includes the aims of sustainable construction. TramStore21 Sustainable Buildings 21