Label Eco-Efficiency Analysis Pitched Roof Insulation Above Rafter (Northern Italy)

Transcription

1 Label Eco-Efficiency Analysis Pitched Roof Insulation Above Rafter (Northern Italy) June 15 th, 2005 Validated Eco-Efficiency Analysis Methodology Eco-Efficiency

2 The Label This Eco-Efficiency Analysis compares three well-established materials for pitched roof insulation above rafter in Südtirol, Italy. The Styrodur C is due to the lowest costs the most eco-efficient one in the base case, followed by the other two alternatives. These alternatives are significantly more expensive than the Styrodur C. The cork material shows the lowest environmental impact whereas the environmental impact of the wood fibre and Styrodur C is higher. If the materials are not used in the intended thickness, the Styrodur C alternative is the best alternative due to the highest insulation potential of this material. The effectiveness absolutely depends on the right use usage of the thickness corresponding to the thermal conductivity is strongly to be recommended. Eco-Efficiency

3 Requirements Met 1. Accomplished Eco-Efficiency Analysis according to the methodology certified by TÜV Rheinland/ Berlin-Brandenburg, Germany. 2. Verification of Styrodur to be more eco-efficient than other alternatives for insulation of pitched rooves above rafter in northern Italy. 3. Third party evaluation by Dipl.-Chem. B. Priesemuth, TÜV Rheinland/ Berlin-Brandenburg, Germany (so-called Critical Review according ISO ff.). 4. Publication of the results via internet on website which is referred to on the label. 5. Payment of the licence fee for the duration of three years. Eco-Efficiency

4 Certificate Eco-Efficiency

5 Eco-Efficiency Analysis Pitched Roof Insulation Above Rafter -Südtirol - Ludwigshafen, September 20, 2004 Validated Eco-Efficiency Method Eco-Efficiency

6 Objectives and Use of the Eco-Efficiency Study Different insulation materials are used in Südtirol for pitched roof insulation above rafter roof insulation. To define the environmental impacts and the costs for the different mainly used alternatives, this eco-efficiency study compares three alternative materials: xps (Styrodur C), wooden fibre and cork. The analysis focusses on an insulation of U = 0,30 W/m 2 * K, for which different amounts of materials are needed. Use of the study Target groups of the study Strengths and Weaknesses Analysis Define Potential for Improvement of Styrodur C Marketing Reasons... BASF KSF/DN Decision-maker BASF Interested Parties Customers in Südtirol... Eco-Efficiency

7 Limits and Restriction for the Use of the Results The LCA-calculations were set up according to the rules and principles of the DIN EN ISO to The eco-efficiency analysis goes beyond the ISO rules for example with the consideration of life cycle costs and use of the eco-efficiency portfolio for presentation of aggregated results. The results are valid for the defined products and customer benefit (CB) only. The use of extractions especially of the portfolio and assumptions made in the study - in an misunderstanding way is deprecated. The study is strictly limited to the special conditions in Südtirol especially the mode of construction of the roof and the mentioned costs and can therefore not be transferred to other regions or roof constructions. Assumptions and data used in the analysis are shown on p. 8 and in Appendix A. Eco-Efficiency

8 System Definition: Customer Benefit Customer Benefit Product Comparable Products Roof construction and Insulation of a pitched roof above rafter with 180 m² in Südtirol with an U-value of 0,30 W/(m 2 *K). Styrodur C λ D = 0,034-0,038 Wooden Fibre λ D = 0,040/50 Baked Cork λ D = 0,043 Eco-Efficiency

9 System Boundaries System Boundaries Production Use Phase End-of-life Raw Materials Delivery and Transportation Production of insulation materials Production and processing of wood Production of plastic films Transportation Roof construc tion Use over 50 years Deconstructi on of the roof and use in combustion plant or disposal in landfill site. Nails and screws Grey coloured blocks are identical and neglected. Eco-Efficiency

10 Eco-Efficiency Portfolio: Base Case Customer Benefit: Roof construction and Insulation of a pitched roof above rafter with 180 m² in Südtirol with an U-value of 0,30 W/(m 2 *K). Environmental Impact (normalized) 0,7 1,0 1,3 Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork 1,3 1,0 0,7 Costs (normalized) Eco-Efficiency

11 Interpretation of the Eco-Efficiency Portfolio The Styrodur C material, viewed over the complete life cycle, is the most eco-efficient alternative, followed by wood fibre and cork (distance from the diagonal is measure for the eco-efficiency). The costs of the Styrodur system are significantly lower than those of the renewable alternatives. The economic dimension is dominated by the costs for the insulation material and the construction fees. The environmental impact is influenced primarily by the production of the insulation material, energy consumption is the category with the highest relevance factor. The differences in the overall environmental impact are is follows: The cork alternative shows the lowest environmental impact, followed by the wood fibre and Styrodur C. Eco-Efficiency

12 Costs: Base Case Euro/CB* Mounting (econom. only) Landfill Combustion Recycling Transportation Metal Compounds Foils and Plastics Wood Drying Delivery of Wood 0 Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork Insulation Material *CB - customer benefit Eco-Efficiency

13 Costs: Comments Materials prices and costs for the roofer s working were obtained from Südtiroler roofers. For the insulation materials as well as the derived timber products the sales prices and not the production prices were considered. The overall costs of the wooden/cork alternatives are significantly higher than those of the other alternative. The costs are dominated by the costs for the insulation material and the costs for placing the material on the roof. The other cost contributions are minor and do not strongly influence the overall results. Eco-Efficiency

14 Ecology Fingerprint: Base Case Energy Consumption 1,00 Styrodur Land Use 0,50 Emissions Wood Fibre Cork 0,00 Ress. Consumption Toxicity Potential Risk Potential The worst alternative is normalized to a value of 1. The closer to zero the better the performance of an alternative. Eco-Efficiency

15 Interpretation of the Ecological Fingerprint Styrodur shows the lowest impact in energy consumption and land use. In energy consumption, wood fibre has the highest impact (due to ist high bioenergy content) and cork absolutely dominates the land use category (see p.30). The xps system causes the highest emissions, whereas low emission values are given for the wood fibre mats and cork. Cork has no ressource consumption because the recycling saves fossile energy sources. Due to their natural material, the fibre alternatives also have low ressourse consumption. The highest use of ressources is registered for the petrochemical material. Whereas wood fibre has a lower, the other materials show comparable risk potentials. The alternative with the lowest toxicity potential is the baked cork the other materials have similar potentials. Eco-Efficiency

16 Primary Energy Consumption MJ/CB * Landfill Combustion Recycling Transportation Metal Compounds Foils and Plastics Wood Drying Delivery of Wood Insulation Material Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork * CB - customer benefit Eco-Efficiency

17 Primary Energy Consumption: Comments 1,0 0,5 The high energy consumption is dominated by the energy content of the biomass (wood fibre, timber). Large amounts of timber are needed for more than 4 tons of insulation material to fulfill the customer benefit. Cork also consumes high amounts of biomass material, but due to ist lower density less cork is needed. The Styrodur alternative needs small amounts of fossile energy (oil, natural gas). Most of the energy demand is created by the timber for the roof construction. 0,0 Eco-Efficiency

18 Ressource Consumption 500 kg/(a*mio t) 1/2 /NE Sand Bauxit Kalk Eisen Phosphor Schwefel NaCl Braunkohle Gas Öl Steinkohle -400 Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork * CB - customer benefit Eco-Efficiency

19 Acidification Potential g SO2-Äquivalent/CB* Landfill Combustion Recycling Transportation Metal Compounds Foils and Plastics Wood Drying Delivery of Wood Insulation Material Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork * CB - customer benefit Eco-Efficiency

20 Global Warming Potential g CO2-equivalent/CB* Landfill Combustion Recycling Transportation Metal Compounds Foils and Plastics Wood Drying Delivery of Wood Insulation Material Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork * CB - customer benefit Eco-Efficiency

21 Photochemical Ozone Creating Potential g Ethene-Equivalents/CB* Landfill Combustion Recycling Transportation Metal Compounds Foils and Plastics Wood Drying Delivery of Wood Insulation Material Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork * CB - customer benefit Eco-Efficiency

22 Water Emissions critical volume l /CB* Landfill Combustion Recycling Transportation Metal Compounds Foils and Plastics Wood Drying Delivery of Wood Insulation Material Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork * CB - customer benefit Eco-Efficiency

23 Solid Wastes kg/cb* Landfill Combustion Recycling Transportation Metal Compounds Foils and Plastics Wood Drying Delivery of Wood Insulation Material -400 Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork * CB - customer benefit Eco-Efficiency

24 Land Use 7000 gewichteter Flächenbedarf m²a /NE Landfill Combustion Recycling Transportation Metal Compounds Foils and Plastics Wood Drying Delivery of Wood Insulation Material 0 Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork * CB - customer benefit Eco-Efficiency

25 Toxicity Potential: Overall Assessment 0,70 rel. Tox.potential 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,00-0,10 Recycling rsp. Disposal Release of Fibres Affecting the Lungs in the Destruction Phase Toxic Gases in House Burnings Irritations at Object Time Release of Fibres Affecting the Lungs in the Construction Phase Gas Emission of Monomers Production of Raw Materials -0,20 Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork Eco-Efficiency

26 Toxicity Potential: Comments 1, 0 0, 5 The determination of the toxicity potential in the production phase is based on all substances which are involved in the life cycle of the alternatives. Each substance is assigned a numerical toxicity value according to its R-phrases. See Appendix B for a detailed explanation. The weighting scheme: production phase 40% use phase 40% recycling 20%. Cork has the lowest toxicity potential due to its production process and missing hazards during the construction phase of the roof. 0, 0 Eco-Efficiency

27 Risk Potential: Overall Result 1,00 0,90 0,80 0,70 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,00 Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork Production Phase Use Phase Recycling Phase Eco-Efficiency

28 Risk Potential: Production Phase 0,70 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,00 Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork Accidents in the Construction of the Roof Riks of Transportation and Storage Occupational Diseases Timber Industry Working Accidents Timber Industry Occupational Diseases Chemical Industry Working Accidents Chemical Industry Occupational Diseases Oil Industry Working Accidents Oil Industry Occupational Diseases Forestry Working Accidents Forestry Eco-Efficiency

29 Risk Potential: Use Phase 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,00 Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork Missing Heat Insulation in Summertime Vermin in the Insulation (Insects, Rodents) poor Noise Insulation Smell Nuisance Danger caused by smolder nests in the insulation Danger caused by fire in the insulation Riks of Transportation and Storage Eco-Efficiency

30 Risk Potential: Recycling 0,80 0,70 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,00 Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork Accidents in the Destruction of the Roof Occupational Diseases Disposal Industry Working Accidents Disposal Industry Inappropriate Disposal Riks of Transportation and Storage Eco-Efficiency

31 Scenario 1: Insulation material at thickness of 8 cm. Customer Benefit: Roof construction and Insulation of a pitched roof above rafter with 180 m² in Südtirol with a non-consistent U-value due to 8 cm of insulation material. Environmental Impact (normalized) 0,7 1,0 1,3 Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork 1,3 1,0 0,7 Costs (normalized) Eco-Efficiency

32 Scenario 2: Insulation material at thickness of 6 cm. Customer Benefit: Roof construction and Insulation of a pitched roof above rafter with 180 m² in Südtirol with a non-consistent U-value due to 6 cm of insulation material. Environmental Impact (normalized) 0,7 1,0 1,3 Styrodur Wood Fibre Cork 1,3 1,0 0,7 Costs (normalized) Eco-Efficiency

33 Comments Scenario 1 and 2: Insulation material at thickness of 6/8 cm. If not enough material is used for insulation, but the thickness is dependent on anything else but the thermal conductivity (U-value), the distance between the alternatives grows: The better the insulation properties, the better for the eco-efficiency. The environmental impact of additionally needed oil for heating becomes important. In this case, cork shows less, Styrodur the best eco-efficiency. Interestingly, the wood fibre is in the medium range now, due to the better insulation properties of Styrodur. Eco-Efficiency

34 Results of the Eco-Efficiency Analysis The sensitivity analyses confirm that the main parameter for eco-efficiency in steep roof insulation is the appropriate thickness applied on the roof. The kind of insulation material used is second-rate. Conclusions Amongst the assessed insulation materials, cork is the one with the lowest overall ecological impact. Wood fibre is in the medium range, closely followed by the xps alternative. Styrodur (BASF) is by far the economically most favorable alternative. The materials from renewable sources are the more expensive alternatives. The overall result shows Styrodur as most eco-efficient alternative, caused by the dominant economic advantages, not by the environmental impact. Eco-Efficiency

35 Critical Review In accordance to the rules and principles of the DIN EN ISO to 14043, a critical review has been conducted for this study. The evaluation has been undertaken by TÜV Rhineland Group, the leading organisation for technical acceptance and certification. After finishing the review process, the main comments were as follows: The data sources used within the scope of this Eco-Efficiency Analysis are up-to-date and comprehensive... The process chains as well as the necessary input data have been analysed in great detail and in accordance with the methodology. For thermal insulation of a steep roof system in the region of Alto Adige the results of the study can be considered valid. Eco-Efficiency

36 Contact For more information about Styrodur please contact:?? For more information about the eco-efficiency analysis please contact: Dr. Markus Piepenbrink BASF Aktiengesellschaft GUP/CE Eco-Efficiency