First Results with the Superconducting Source for Ions (SuSI) at 24 GHz
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1 First Results with the Superconducting Source for Ions (SuSI) at 24 GHz G.Machicoane, D.Cole, D.Leitner, D. Morris, E. Pozdeyev, L.Tobos National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
2 Outline Motivations/Context FRIB update GYCOM 24 GHz gyrotron system SuSI Features /Upgrade/Shielding Commissioning result at 24 GHz Oxygen, Argon Metallic beam work Summary G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
3 Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
4 Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
5 Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
6 Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF) National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory is a National user facility for rare isotope research and education in nuclear science, astro-nuclear physics, accelerator physics G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
7 Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF) National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory is a National user facility for rare isotope research and education in nuclear science, astro-nuclear physics, accelerator physics One of the three nuclear-science flagship facilities in the US: RHIC at BNL, CEBAF at JLAB, NSCL at MSU G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
8 Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF) National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory is a National user facility for rare isotope research and education in nuclear science, astro-nuclear physics, accelerator physics One of the three nuclear-science flagship facilities in the US: RHIC at BNL, CEBAF at JLAB, NSCL at MSU G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
9 Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF) Present configuration: Coupled Cyclotron Facility MeV/u out of K200 with maximum 1kW on target National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory is a National user facility for rare isotope research and education in nuclear science, astro-nuclear physics, accelerator physics One of the three nuclear-science flagship facilities in the US: RHIC at BNL, CEBAF at JLAB, NSCL at MSU G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
10 Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF) Present configuration: Coupled Cyclotron Facility MeV/u out of K200 with maximum 1kW on target K 500 Injection Ion Charge St at e Current (eua) Ar Ni Ge National 78 Kr Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory is a National user facility 48 Ca for rare isotope research and education in nuclear science, astro-nuclear 136 Xe physics, accelerator physics One of the three nuclear-science flagship facilities in the US: RHIC at BNL, CEBAF at JLAB, NSCL at MSU G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
11 Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF) Present configuration: Coupled Cyclotron Facility MeV/u out of K200 with maximum 1kW on target K 500 Injection Ion Charge St at e Current (eua) Ar Ni Ge SuSI- Fully SC 18 GHz National 78 Kr Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (2009) is a National user facility 48 Ca for rare isotope research and Better education performances in for nuclear Heavy ions science, (Xe,U) astro-nuclear 136 Xe physics, accelerator physics One of the three nuclear-science flagship facilities in the US: RHIC at BNL, CEBAF at JLAB, NSCL at MSU ARTEMIS- RT 14 GHz (2001) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
12 Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF) Present configuration: Coupled Cyclotron Facility MeV/u out of K200 with maximum 1kW on target K 500 Injection Ion Charge St at e Current (eua) Ar Ni Ge SuSI- Fully SC 18 GHz National 78 Kr Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (2009) is a National user facility 48 Ca for rare isotope research and Better education performances in for nuclear Heavy ions science, (Xe,U) astro-nuclear 136 Xe physics, accelerator physics One of the three nuclear-science flagship facilities in the US: RHIC at BNL, CEBAF at JLAB, NSCL at MSU ARTEMIS- RT 14 GHz (2001) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
13 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
14 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
15 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) Facility for Rare Isotope Beam (FRIB) Accelerate ion species up to 238 U with energies of no less than 200 MeV/u Provide beam power up to 400 kw Energy upgrade to >400 MeV/u by filling vacant slots with 12 cryomodules G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
16 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) Facility for Rare Isotope Beam (FRIB) Accelerate ion species up to 238 U with energies of no less than 200 MeV/u Provide beam power up to 400 kw Energy upgrade to >400 MeV/u by filling vacant slots with 12 cryomodules G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
17 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) Facility for Rare Isotope Beam (FRIB) Accelerate ion species up to 238 U with energies of no less than 200 MeV/u Provide beam power up to 400 kw Energy upgrade to >400 MeV/u by filling vacant slots with 12 cryomodules G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
18 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) 2011 Facility for Rare Isotope Beam (FRIB) Accelerate ion species up to 238 U with energies of no less than 200 MeV/u Provide beam power up to 400 kw Energy upgrade to >400 MeV/u by filling vacant slots with 12 cryomodules G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
19 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) 2011 Facility for Rare Isotope Beam (FRIB) Accelerate ion species up to 238 U with energies of no less than 200 MeV/u Provide beam power up to 400 kw Energy upgrade to >400 MeV/u by filling vacant slots with 12 cryomodules G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
20 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) Facility for Rare Isotope Beam (FRIB) Accelerate ion species up to 238 U with energies of no less than 200 MeV/u Provide beam power up to 400 kw Energy upgrade to >400 MeV/u by filling vacant slots with 12 cryomodules G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
21 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) Facility for Rare Isotope Beam (FRIB) Accelerate ion species up to 238 U with energies of no less than 200 MeV/u Provide beam power up to 400 kw Energy upgrade to >400 MeV/u by filling vacant slots with 12 cryomodules G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
22 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) Facility for Rare Isotope Beam (FRIB) Accelerate ion species up to 238 U with energies of no less than 200 MeV/u Provide beam power up to 400 kw Energy upgrade to >400 MeV/u by filling vacant slots with 12 cryomodules G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
23 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) Facility for Rare Isotope Beam (FRIB) Accelerate ion species up to 238U with energies of no less than 200 MeV/u Provide beam power up to 400 kw Energy upgrade to >400 MeV/u by filling vacant slots with 12 cryomodules G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
24 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) Facility for Rare Isotope Beam (FRIB) Accelerate ion species June 2016: Linac Tunnel 238 up to U with energies no less than 200 November 2016:ofCryoplant Area MeV/u March 2017: Target High Bay Provide beam power up to 400 kw March 2017-November 2017: Ion Energy upgrade to >400 source &LEBT Installation MeV/u by filling vacant slots with 12 Early 2018 Ion source commissioning cryomodules G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
25 ECR Ion Sources Requirement for FRIB Energy of 12 kev/u for injection into RFQ (87kV for U) Ion source 30-40kV + HV platform Intensity needed (For 400 kw on target) A Z Q-ECR I-ECR (ema) I-ECR (pma) Argon Calcium Krypton Xenon Uranium , Q/A= 1/3 to 1/7 Transverse emittance (per charge state, 100%, normalized) Single charge state beam 0.9 pi.mm.mrad Dual charge state beam 0.6 pi.mm.mrad Project will start with two ion sources One commissioning ion source (14 GHz ARTEMIS) to be ready early One High performance ECR meeting requirement for 400 kw on target G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th 2014, Slide 25
26 ECR Ion Sources Requirement for FRIB Energy of 12 kev/u for injection into RFQ (87kV for U) Ion source 30-40kV + HV platform Plan for FRIB Intensity needed (For 400 kw on target) A 1. I-ECR Z Develop Q-ECR One SC-ECR I-ECR (pma) Based on VENUS (ema) (LBNL) Argon Calcium Krypton Xenon »Capable to operate up to 28 Ghz (magnet) Uranium , Use SuSI used as development source Q/A= 1/3 to 1/7»Gain experience with Gyrotron operation»push performances for Gases and Solid beams Transverse emittance (per charge state, 100%, normalized)»beam charaterizations (emittance, stability..) Single charge state beam 0.9 pi.mm.mrad Dual charge state beam 0.6 pi.mm.mrad Project will start with two ion sources One commissioning ion source (14 GHz ARTEMIS) to be ready early One High performance ECR meeting requirement for 400 kw on target G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th 2014, Slide 26
27 Collaboration with SUPERCON group from LBNL for designing FRIB ion source cold mass Magnetic and Mechanical Analysis Parameters of the solenoids and sextupole follow VENUS design Sextupole conductor temperature margin 1 K Shell based Support structure Allows for easy assembly, disassembly, and stress tuning Radial keys and water-inflatable, removable bladders provide radial pre-stress Bladders removed, keys provide preload at Room temperature During cool-down solenoid mandrel used as a compression shell Test coil completed successfully ready for vacuum impregnation» Dry wound approach G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th 2014, Slide 27
28 Completed and operational since 2007 Used for injection to CCF since 2009 Fully Superconducting coils 6 Solenoids Solenoid /Sextupole interaction forces require specific ramp sequenced» Eliminate random quenches at field Demonstrated nominal 24 GHz field Cold mass cooled with 2kW powerplant Advantages/disadventages Al Plasma chamber of 101 mm ID 3.5 l overall volume SuSI ECR ion source G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
29 SuSI modifications to operate at 24 GHz Injection assembly rebuilt Oversized waveguide (1.284 ) Added cooling 1 oven port remains 1-18 GHz port Tantalum liner installed in 2010 PEEK used as insulator New plasma electrode 5/16 (7.9 mm diameter) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
30 SuSI modifications to operate at 24 GHz Injection assembly rebuilt Oversized waveguide (1.284 ) Added cooling 1 oven port remains 1-18 GHz port Tantalum liner installed in 2010 PEEK used as insulator New plasma electrode 5/16 (7.9 mm diameter) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
31 SuSI modifications to operate at 24 GHz Injection assembly rebuilt Oversized waveguide (1.284 ) Added cooling 1 oven port remains 1-18 GHz port Tantalum liner installed in 2010 PEEK used as insulator New plasma electrode 5/16 (7.9 mm diameter) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
32 SuSI modifications to operate at 24 GHz Injection assembly rebuilt Oversized waveguide (1.284 ) Added cooling 1 oven port remains 1-18 GHz port Tantalum liner installed in 2010 PEEK used as insulator New plasma electrode 5/16 (7.9 mm diameter) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
33 SuSI modifications to operate at 24 GHz Injection assembly rebuilt Oversized waveguide (1.284 ) Added cooling 1 oven port remains 1-18 GHz port Tantalum liner installed in 2010 PEEK used as insulator New plasma electrode 5/16 (7.9 mm diameter) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
34 SuSI modifications to operate at 24 GHz Injection assembly rebuilt Oversized waveguide (1.284 ) Added cooling 1 oven port remains 1-18 GHz port Tantalum liner installed in 2010 PEEK used as insulator New plasma electrode 5/16 (7.9 mm diameter) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
35 SuSI modifications to operate at 24 GHz Injection assembly rebuilt Oversized waveguide (1.284 ) Added cooling 1 oven port remains 1-18 GHz port Tantalum liner installed in 2010 PEEK used as insulator New plasma electrode 5/16 (7.9 mm diameter) Baffle design G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
36 Radiation shielding upgrade Goal to keep exposure lower than 0.1 mr/h ½ panel added all around SuSI Room Additional shielding around Gyrotron cabinet on balcony G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th 2014, Slide 36
37 24 GHz Gyrotron System Reason for choice of 24GHz: Cant go higher with SuSI 24+18GHz better than 28+18GHz? 24GHz RF coupling to SuSI similar to that of SECRAL, VENUS TE 02 to TE 01 SuSI All transmission line components at 24GHz provided by GYCOM Rigid coupling to ion source (No corrugated bend) 50kV Rated DC break 10 kw rated window High Voltage and Solenoid power supply purchased separately to Domestic Suppliers G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th 2014, Slide 37
38 24 GHz Gyrotron System Power output vs voltage 1.5A 1A 0.5A Maximum power output on dummy load 8.8kW Ibeam=1.95A Maintained 5kW +/- 1% output for 6 hours during testing Gyrotron parameters Filament power>200w Solenoid 85A Anode Voltage: up to 12kV No issue with equipment so far 350 hours operation Maximum power send to ion source ~5.6kW G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th 2014, Slide 38
39 Commissioning Results: Timeline Installation and Tests of 24 GHz gyrotron completed in February 2014 Dummy load test Injection assembly, Radiation shielding Initial conditioning with ion source in April 2014 Large outgassing for 2-3 weeks especially at injection Argon development in May 2014 for 1 ½ Week Medium charge states results Difficult optimization for Ar 16+ Oxygen and Argon development for additional 1Week in July Much less outgassing Better performances especially for Ar 16+ G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
40 24 GHz Commissioning Results: Oxygen 6+ and 7+ O7+ O6+ Bsext=1.49T; Binj=2.97T Bmin=0.47T; Bext=1.53T Inj=6.42 T/m; Ext=5.79 T/m Ecr length =111.2 mm 24 GHz Power = 5200W 18 GHz Power = 300W Idrain=7.3emA Pinj=3E-7Torr Pext=3.7E-8Torr O8+ G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
41 24 GHz Commissioning Results: Oxygen 6+ and 7+ O7+ O6+ Bsext=1.49T; Binj=2.97T Bmin=0.47T; Bext=1.53T Inj=6.42 T/m; Ext=5.79 T/m Ecr length =111.2 mm 24 GHz Power = 5200W 18 GHz Power = 300W Idrain=7.3emA Pinj=3E-7Torr Pext=3.7E-8Torr O8+ G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
42 24 GHz Commissioning Results: Oxygen 6+ and 7+ O8+ O7+ O6+ Bsext=1.49T; Binj=2.97T Bmin=0.47T; Bext=1.53T Inj=6.42 T/m; Ext=5.79 T/m Ecr length =111.2 mm 24 GHz Power = 5200W 18 GHz Power = 300W Idrain=7.3emA Pinj=3E-7Torr Pext=3.7E-8Torr Bsext=1.46T; Binj=3.05T Bmin=0.52T; Bext=1.57T Inj=5.46 T/m; Ext=4.95 T/m Ecr length =93.1 mm 24 GHz Power = 5200W 18 GHz Power = 0W Idrain=3.9emA Pinj=7E-8Torr Pext=3.3E-8Torr G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
43 24 GHz Commissioning Results: Oxygen 6+ and 7+ O6+ O7+ O7+ O8+ Bsext=1.49T; Binj=2.97T Bmin=0.47T; Bext=1.53T Inj=6.42 T/m; Ext=5.79 T/m Ecr length =111.2 mm 24 GHz Power = 5200W 18 GHz Power = 300W Idrain=7.3emA Pinj=3E-7Torr Pext=3.7E-8Torr Bsext=1.46T; Binj=3.05T Bmin=0.52T; Bext=1.57T Inj=5.46 T/m; Ext=4.95 T/m Ecr length =93.1 mm 24 GHz Power = 5200W 18 GHz Power = 0W Idrain=3.9emA Pinj=7E-8Torr Pext=3.3E-8Torr G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
44 24 GHz Commissioning Results: Oxygen 6+ and 7+ O6+ O7+ O7+ O8+ O8+ Bsext=1.49T; Binj=2.97T Bmin=0.47T; Bext=1.53T Inj=6.42 T/m; Ext=5.79 T/m Ecr length =111.2 mm 24 GHz Power = 5200W 18 GHz Power = 300W Idrain=7.3emA Pinj=3E-7Torr Pext=3.7E-8Torr Bsext=1.46T; Binj=3.05T Bmin=0.52T; Bext=1.57T Inj=5.46 T/m; Ext=4.95 T/m Ecr length =93.1 mm 24 GHz Power = 5200W 18 GHz Power = 0W Idrain=3.9emA Pinj=7E-8Torr Pext=3.3E-8Torr G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
45 FC Current (eua) 24 GHz Commissioning Results: Oxygen 6+ and 7+ O6+ O7+ No Saturation with microwave power observed so far Power density maximum of ~1.5 kw/l Gas and field optimized for each case Power (kw) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
46 FC Current (eua) 24 GHz Commissioning Results: Oxygen 6+ and 7+ O6+ O7+ No Saturation with microwave power observed so far Power density maximum of ~1.5 kw/l Gas and field optimized for each case Power (kw) SuSI VENUS G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
47 FC Current (eua) 24 GHz Commissioning Results: Oxygen 6+ and 7+ Power (kw) O6+ O7+ No Saturation with microwave power observed so far Power density maximum of ~1.5 kw/l Gas and field optimized for each case Comparison with VENUS (for similar power ) SuSI VENUS G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
48 FC (eua) FC (eua) FC (eua) 24 GHz commissioning Results: Argon Ar11+ Ar14+ Power (kw) Power (kw) Ar16+ Power (kw) Continuing increase of current with power at 24 GHz No or very little 18 GHz injected despite Bmin~0.5T Impact of frequency not so clear for medium charge states Field still not at optimum value for use with 24 GHz G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
49 FC (eua) 24 GHz commissioning Results: Argon Conditioning takes time to optimize performances at 24 GHz Ar16+ July 2014 May 2014 Power (kw) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
50 FC (eua) 24 GHz commissioning Results: Argon Conditioning takes time to optimize performances at 24 GHz Ar16+ July 2014 May 2014 Power (kw) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
51 FC (eua) 24 GHz commissioning Results: Argon Conditioning takes time to optimize performances at 24 GHz A lot of support gas needed to optimize Ar 16+ Ar16+ July 2014 May 2014 Power (kw) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
52 FC (eua) 24 GHz commissioning Results: Argon Conditioning takes time to optimize performances at 24 GHz A lot of support gas needed to optimize Ar 16+ Ar16+ July 2014 Comparison Venus- SuSI (All current in ema) May 2014 Power (kw) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
53 FC (eua) 24 GHz commissioning Results: Argon Conditioning takes time to optimize performances at 24 GHz A lot of support gas needed to optimize Ar 16+ Ar16+ July 2014 Comparison Venus- SuSI (All current in ema) VENUS-28 (1) SuSI May Power (kw) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
54 FC (eua) 24 GHz commissioning Results: Argon Conditioning takes time to optimize performances at 24 GHz A lot of support gas needed to optimize Ar 16+ Ar16+ July 2014 Comparison Venus- SuSI (All current in ema) VENUS-28 (1) SuSI May (1) ECRIS 2006 IMP, China Power (kw) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
55 FC (eua) 24 GHz commissioning Results: Argon Conditioning takes time to optimize performances at 24 GHz A lot of support gas needed to optimize Ar 16+ Ar16+ July 2014 Comparison Venus- SuSI (All current in ema) VENUS-28 (1) SuSI May Power (kw) (1) ECRIS 2006 IMP, China Very similar power level~5.5kw G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
56 T(F) Plasma chamber cooling No direct way to measure forward or reflected power inside source for 24 GHz through waveguide Monitoring of plasma chamber return temperature Temperature increase match ANSYS simulation Power (kw) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
57 T(F) Plasma chamber cooling No direct way to measure forward or reflected power inside source for 24 GHz through waveguide Monitoring of plasma chamber return temperature Temperature increase match ANSYS simulation Power (kw) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
58 T(F) Plasma chamber cooling No direct way to measure forward or reflected power inside source for 24 GHz through waveguide Monitoring of plasma chamber return temperature Temperature increase match ANSYS simulation Power (kw) 1kW of 18 GHz lead to a lower increase in water temperature than 24 GHz Added radial losses at 24 GHz? G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
59 24 GHz commissioning Results: Summary table FC (eua) Drain current (ema) Power (kw) Power density (kw/l) Bhex (T) Binj (T) Bmin (T) Bext (T) 40 Ar O G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
60 24 GHz commissioning Results: Summary table 40 Ar FC (eua) Drain current (ema) Power (kw) Power density (kw/l) O Few Observations so far: Bhex (T) Binj (T) Bmin (T) Bext (T) Surprising that 18 GHz did not coupled well Did not expect SUSI would do so well for very high charge states (Ar16+, O7+) kW level was kept up 1-2 hour 1.48 each 3.11 time 0.48 (chamber 1.51 still intact yet!!) Tried briefly Xenon in May but 1.46 source 3.02 performed very poorly»conditioning long and demanding at 24 GHz G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
61 Metallic beam development for CCF and FRIB Ranking Temperature for a vapor pressure of 10-2 mmhg T < 500 C T < 1000 C T < 1500 C T < 2000 C T >2000 C G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th 2014, Slide 61
62 Low temperature oven development Low temperature Oven similar to LBNL developed at MSU Design to operate up to 800 First tested this summer for 40 Ca experiment. 25euA No problem! ~1% efficiency for 40Ca8+ crucible Dual Cartridge heater thermocouple G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
63 Challenges for metallic beams 1. Develop high intensity metallic beams (> 400 ema) 2. Optimize production efficiency Expensive isotope Support operation without interruption for long period of time (Larger oven, capture efficiency) 3. Develop targeted production technique MIVOC chamber for element such as : Hg, Se, Cd Sputtering (U, Pt, Zr) High temperature oven (>2000 ) 4. Material preparation Conversion of Rare earth element to metal forms (Poster MOPPH019) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
64 Hg Beam current (eua) Molybdenum beam current (eua) Vapor Pressure (mtorr) Recent results with Mercury and Molybdenum Natural Hg Molybdenum Trioxyde (MoO 3 ) Pure Molybdenum has a Vapor pressure of a few mtorr ~2400 o C Molybdenum Trioxide (MoO3) has a similar vapor pressure favorable around Temperature (K) Hg O 4+ O Hg Mo 16+ O Hg Mo Hg Mo Selecting magnet Current (A) Selecting Magnet Current (A) G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
65 Outlook/Summary 24 GHz gyrotron coupled to SuSI Gyrotron operates well so far Very good performance for Oxygen and Argon beam Able to couple up to 5.5 kw microwave power to SuSI Next step includes Xenon and metallic beam: Bismuth, Calcium Systematic study to see impact of field, pressure, measure efficiencies and compare to 18 GHz» Field not at optimum yet» 18 Ghz not helping performance,why? Beam characterization (emittance, stability) Installation of 24 GHz Gyrotron on FRIB HV platform G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
66 Thank you G. Machicoane ECRIS 2014 Nizhny Novgorod, August 25th
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