AND CONCRETE-MAKING MATERIALS

Transcription

1 Significance of Tests and Properties of... AND CONCRETE-MAKING MATERIALS STP 169-A AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS

2 Significance of TESTS AND PROPERTIES of CONCRETE AND CONCRETE- MAKING MATERIALS An Appraisal of the Properties of Concrete, Concrete Aggregate, and Other Concrete Making Materials (Except Cements), of the Tests by Which They Are Measured, and of Specifications Under Which They Are Selected and Controlled Reg. U.S. Pat. Off. ASTM Special Technical Publication No. 169-A Price $12.00; to Members $8.40 Published by the AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, Pa

3 by American Society for Testing and Materials 1966 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: Printed in Baltimore, Md. April, 1966

4 FOREWORD This publication is a revision and expansion of the report on "Significance of Tests and Properties of Concrete and Concrete Aggregates" published in That publication in turn replaced editions of "Report on Significance of Tests of Concrete and Concrete Aggregates" published in 1935 and The present report introduces a still broader scope in that the significance of specifications, as well as of the properties and test methods, is discussed. Moreover, this report covers several types of materials not referred to in the earlier reports but whose importance has increased greatly since preparation of the 1956 report. As was true for the previous publications in this series, the separate chapters have been prepared by individuals selected because of their knowledge of the respective subjects and because of their participation in development of pertinent methods of testing and specifications. While independent expression by the authors has been encouraged, individual chapters have been reviewed and the entire report has been coordinated by a special committee appointed for that purpose by Committee C-9 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates. The special committee in charge consists of: R. C. Mielenz, The Master Builders Co., Division of Martin Marietta, Cleveland, Ohio, chairman; D. L. Bloem, Nat. Ready Mixed Concrete Assn. and Nat. Sand and Gravel Assn., Washington, D.C.; L. E. Gregg, L. E. Gregg and Associates, Inc., Lexington, Ky.; C. E. Kesler, University of Illinois, Urbana, 111.; and W. H. Price, Am. Cement Corp., Los Angeles, Calif.

5 NOTE The Society is not responsible, as a body, for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication.

6 CONTENTS PAGE Introduction Special Committee 1 PART I GENERAL Techniques, Procedures, and Practices of Sampling of Concrete and Concrete-Making Materials E. A. Abdun-Nur 7 Size and Number of Samples and Statistical Considerations in Sampling W. A. Cordon 21 The Quality of Testing J. J. Waddell 32 Evaluation of Data J. F. McLaughlin and S. J. Hanna 36 Needed Research A. Allan Bates 55 PART II TESTS AND PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE The Nature of Concrete T. C. Powers 61 Freshly Mixed Concrete Uniformity and Workability C. A. Vollick 73 Making and Curing Concrete Specimens T. B. Kennedy 90 Setting Time T. M. Kelly 102 Air Content and Unit Weight F. F. Bartel 11^ Hardened Concrete Petrographic Examination Katharine Mather 125 Strength C. E. Kesler 144 Elastic Properties and Creep R. E. Philleo 160 Dynamic Tests E. A. Whitehurst 176 Volume Changes G. W. Washa 189 Thermal Properties L. J. Mitchell 202 Pore Structure George Verbeck 211 Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel Bailey Tremper 220 Corrosion of Embedded Materials Other Than Reinforcing Steel...Hubert Woods 230 Bond with Reinforcing Steel D. Watstein 239 Abrasion Resistance M. E. Prior 246 Resistance to Weathering H. T. Ami 261 Resistance to Chemical Attack L. H. Tuthill 275 Resistance to High Temperature P. H. Petersen 290 Radiation Effects and Shielding Milos Polivka 298 Air Content and Unit Weight S. B. Helms 309 Cement Content L. J. Minnick 326 Special Categories Ready-Mixed Concrete Stanton Walker 340 Lightweight Concrete and Aggregates D. W. Lewis 359 Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Mortar and Concrete A. W. Brust 376 PART III TESTS AND PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE AGGREGATES Concrete Aggregates Petrographic Examination R. C. Mielenz 381

7 vi CONTENTS Grading and Surface Area W. H. Price 404 Shape, Surface Texture, and Coatings Bryant Mather 415 Weight, Density, Absorption, and Surface Moisture R. H. Brink and A. G. Timms 432 Porosity W. L. Dolch 443 Toughness, Hardness, Abrasion, Strength, and Elastic Properties D. O. Woolf 462 Thermal Properties H. K. Cook 476 Chemical Reactions W. C. Hansen 487 Soundness and Deleterious Substances D. L. Bloem 497 Other Materials PART IV TESTS AND PROPERTIES OE OTHER MATERIALS Mixing and Curing Water for Concrete W. J. McCoy 515 Curing Materials C. E. Proudley 522 Air-Entraining Admixtures Paul Klieger 530 Mineral Admixtures E. C. Higginson 543 Chemical Admixtures Bruce Foster 556 Organic Material for Bonding, Patching, and Sealing of Concrete.. M. R. Smith 565 RELATED ASTM PUBLICATIONS Effect of Water-Reducing and Set-Retarding Admixtures on Properties of Concrete, STP 266 (1960), $7.50 Masonry Testing, STP 320 (1962), $6.50

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