Company Vanguard Recycling Energy , Novgorod region, Staraya Russa, No. 8, Slavic St. +Fax: : 7 (81652)

Transcription

1 "Ecopolis" Woody biofuels VR Energie GmbH & Company Vanguard Recycling Energy , Novgorod region, Staraya Russa, No. 8, Slavic St. +Fax: : 7 (81652) info@trt-wv.com

2 Autonomous power complex Ecopolis The main components of energy is the C and H (carbon and hydrogen). The same basis and in the waste of any organic origin, as well as plastics and polymers. The results of studies of various organic wastes generated each year as a whole and on a separate territory, have shown that under certain process bundles can be at the expense of some energy waste recycle more. At the same time provide the necessary energy services for the life of these same areas, and, consequently, the state as a whole. Our technologies are used in autonomous energy complex can process organic and polymer, waste and sediment silt without the additional use of energy resources on their own energy balance. In the most optimal operating conditions for its own needs consumes up to 30% of energy produced, while 70% remains for commercial purposes. Autonomous energy complexes are designed for processing various organic wastes including: 1. Waste from agriculture and forestry. 2. Solid waste, sediment and silt lake and river silt. 2

3 3. Hydrogen. 4. Motor fuel (diesel and gasoline). 5. Carbon black and fullerenes from it. 6. Thermal energy. 7. Biologically active fertilizer. Currently, one of the fundamental conditions of any region is its provision of electricity and heat. In some cases, this can not be achieved due to objective reasons, in particular: insufficient or complete lack of infrastructure of individual municipalities; Lack of interest from the major suppliers of hydrocarbon raw materials and energy in the development of municipalities. Given the "crisis" should not be expected in the short term policy changes energomonopoly. 3

4 For certain areas out of this situation can be found through the implementation of the Programme of development of small high-energy, which has taken into account to all present and future needs, taking into account such features of the area, as the presence of an excess of low-potential renewable energy sources (NRES), for example, sapropel, peat and wood waste. In addition, a significant factor to increase and stabilize energy supply and energy can become a power technology recycling of solid waste and silt sediments. At the same time, it will have a significant impact on improving the environmental situation in the placement of the complex. In such a program is advisable to apply an innovative approach to technology choices, based on energy systems, based on the oxidation reaction occurring in the reactor filled with a salt melt at a given temperature when exposed to electromagnetic fields. This presentation is considering production and use of wood as biofuel, using it as a raw material 4

5 Woody biomass Woody biomass as energy source (prof.pavo Pelkonen, University of Joensuu) on calorific value inferior to fossil fuels, but has significant advantages over them. The main ones are renewability, relatively fewer emissions of carbon dioxide from combustion is much less harmful substances in the ash compared to mineral fuels, as well as coal and peat, the possibility of growing and harvesting the vicinity of the intake, allowing repeatedly to reduce the distance of transportation from place of origin to the point of consumption, etc. For many countries it is the local fuel-saving funds for fuel imports. If we take the whole tree biomass for 100%, then the stem wood, traditionally used as a raw material for processing into various kinds of wood products, accounted for only 60-65% 20-25% are covered twigs, branches, tops, greens (crown),the remaining part falls on the stump and roots. If only stem wood, taking it for 100% (as is customary in the CIS countries), in the process of its preparation, in addition, except for timber simultaneously formed 30-45% of forest residues in the form of a cut on Crown land 20-25% of basal the proportion of tree biomass - in the ground. Proportion of tree biomass, which is in the crown, stump and roots may be an additional feedstock for energy and quantity is about half the volume of stem wood (timber). 5

6 In the production of fuel chips from logging residues, small-diameter wood from thinning, low-quality wood raw material when the cutting as the primary and intermediate users, can be used three differing technological process, due to the place of their implementation in the main complex of logging operations. They are: Scheme A - the distinctive feature of which is that the fuel chips is a refinement of raw materials directly to the cutting area, and the process of grinding can be carried out on the technological corridors (portage), at the load point (upper landing) or a combination of both (Terrain chipping method); In the scheme B - a distinctive feature of this scheme is crushing weight of accumulated wood waste and raw materials from small-diameter thinning mobile chippers on a special temporary warehouse beside the road year-round action after natural drying piles of raw materials to the desired humidity (Chipping on road side method); In the scheme C - which provides shredding exported raw wood to the final terminal, which is a warehouse for the preparation of the fuel complex (Chipping at power plant method). 6

7 While working on schemes A and B, and in some cases, the scheme C, the first major operation for the collection and transportation of raw wood for cutting into chips is performed using the loading of the vehicle type "forwarder". In the production of wood harvesting and thinning operations on groves and small-sized plots, and those tend to occur in the forests of private owners, with great success, the normal wheel tractortrailer and a manipulator (see Fig. 1). Figure 1. Transportation of forest residues to a place of grinding or storage for further processing to produce chip fuel. Thanks to the excellence and experience of tractor crane operators exported raw material is placed in the high (up to 6 m) piles up to meters in compliance with certain technology installation at which the bulk of the laid material as protected from re-wetting precipitation (see Fig. 2 ). 7

8 Figure 2. A pile of small-diameter tree-length, removed after felling and stacked at roadside stock for drying and further processing into chips of mobile chippers (clearly visible: the upper layer stack is formed from a long whip to protect the bottom of the pile from precipitation). These piles at roadside sites (according to the terminology used in the logging of our republic, - "at intermediate warehouses) are laid out different types of raw materials and after holding for a certain period, shredded wood chips to fuel mobile drum chipper with a top emission loading directly into transporters for the chips (see Fig. 3), which deliver it to the boiler or CHP. 8

9 It should be emphasized that in Finland for chopping wood and wood waste in the production of fuel chips for schemes A and B, are generally used mobile drum chippers. There are three constructive solutions to the layout of drum chippers, and their combination with the drive and traction mechanisms: - Installation of the chipper on truck with a trailer pnevmoshassi, in this case is mounted on a trolley optional hydraulic manipulator for feed raw materials in the cutting mechanism chipper (see Fig. 3) and the hydraulic actuator of the manipulator, - the supply conveyor, etc., and a power drive all the mechanisms mounted on a trailer by the main engine of the tractor through a drive shaft. This same tractor unit only provides mobility to the transport routes; Figure 3. Felling small-diameter tree-length pile with the disassembly of mobile chipper «Foresteri - S4560" driven by a tractor 200 hp with immediate loading of wood chips in transporters for the chips. 9

10 Production of fuel chips with circuit C (grinding of raw materials to fuel storage complex at the high-power stationary chippers) is currently poorly developed. For example, it suffices to say that of 485 boiler houses and CHP plants using wood fuel in Finland, only 6 are stationary chippers. Powerful Stationary chippers are used in such cases require investment 1-2 million euros. However, the main obstacle to the development of this scheme are the high transport costs associated with transportation of raw materials, consisting of cutting waste, having a small volume weight, compared with the carriage of wood chips (the difference between 2x - 3x). According to experts, a major shift in solving this problem can give the introduction of technology training materials Slash Bundling System loose material (primarily logging residue) in the dense bales conveniently transportable and crushable size that the transport of the usual assortment trucks will require a cost of 1 pl.m3 nothing more than wood chips or even logs. Relevant studies were performed, the results are being introduced into production: a firm «John Deere» has already produced about 30 packaging machines «Timberjack 1490D» (see fig. 4), more than 20 of whom work in Finland. Figure 4. Slash Bundling System «Timberjack 1490D» in the work. 10

11 Shown machine forms packages tied with a diameter mm length 3,1-3,2 m at a speed of packages per hour depending on the type of raw material and operating conditions. Formed after transport packages can be stacked in orderly piles for drying and storage prior to grinding into chips at the intermediate storage (see Fig. 5). Or stock boiler or CHP. Calculations show that the current work in Finland in the production of fuel chips for more than 20 paketirovschikov can be linked into bundles formed almost half the country's forest residues. Figure 5. Stacks of packages molded cutting waste at the intermediate storage. 11

12 General view of the main building complex shown in Figure 6. A feature of this complex is the presence of an open warehouse for storage of fuel chips, sawdust, bark, peat, etc. Figure 7 shows a general view of the warehouse for public storage of bulk fuels, the bulk of which consists of shredded wood waste. On the right background pictures can be seen the high collar of wood chips, closed film coating to protect against rain. Depending on climatic and weather conditions, and the state chips inside the collar, film coating can be at times partially or completely removed (see photo). 12

13 Open the fuel storage depot located at some distance ( m) from the receiving bunkers under a roof (see Fig. 8), where the presence of free space can be unloaded at the same time three avtoschepovoza (under the roof built below ground level 3 hopper for receiving fuel each capacity of 150 m3, bringing the total capacity of the indoor part of the warehouse with the possibility of placing chips on the ground of up to 600 m3). In the absence of fuel delivery transporters for the chips or necessity of mixing different types of fuel or moisture wood chips from the open windrow is delivered to the bins wheeled bucket loader. 13

14 Option for disposing of ashes Problems neutralize or usage, and even more so dumping ash produced after combustion of wood fuels and peat. Zola is brought as a fertilizer in forest soils of up to 4 tons per 1 hectare. For this purpose there are special machines (see Fig. 9). Figure 9. Machine for spraying ash produced from combustion of firewood, moves on technology corridor. Shown in Figure 9 cars in calm weather sprinkles ashes on the band width of m. If we keep in mind that the technology corridors in plantations are run mainly by 20 m, the machine provides a uniform spreading ash across the forest area. 14

15 Economy Resources of wood waste in Russia is estimated at 36 million m3 per year, equivalent to 59 mio. MWh of thermal energy, and allows us to replace 7.82 mio. tonnes of fuel oil worth 745 mio. US dollars. Main source of fuel wood, which will be forwarded to the complex is the wood chips produced from forest residues and wood chips obtained from sanitary felling and thinning. According to preliminary estimates, the cost of production of wood chips from logging residues during transport to a distance of 50 km and subject to 20% return on its production will be US dollars per tonne of fuel. For chip production in Finland, developed and produced the whole range of necessary machines, which have proven when working in Russia its high reliability, performance, maximum mechanization and automation, which helps to reduce the production cost of wood chips. 15

16 A set of techniques needed to ensure the chips within a year of "Ecopolis - 100" John Deere Harvester 1270E with a harvester head H480C - 1 piece 16

17 John Deere Forwarder 1510E - 1 piece 17

18 John Deere 1490D Machine for packing forest residues - 2 pieces 18

19 Shredder Chipper 2590 Bandit - 1 piece 19

20 Shredder Chipper 2590 Bandit - 1 piece The model is applied to the work of laying power lines for rides, technological, roads, pipelines, clearance for construction. Performance of the machine - about 90 m3 per hour. 20

21 Technique for the recovery of the forest "John Deere 1710 with cultivator mounted on a high draft machine. "Bracke Forest M36.a " Heavy-duty cultivator, Thanks to their maneuverability, "Bracke Forest M36.a" convenient to work with both the small and in large areas. 21

22 Seeders "Bracke S35.a" - 1 piece. Fits on a group of cultivator and used for sowing seeds directly in the process of loosening the soil. "Bracke S35.a" might be available in the "Bracke Forest M36.a". Seeders accepts data on the rate of translational motion of the cultivator and the sensor adjusts the seeds according to the speed of movement. Sowing can be synchronized with the preparation of the soil so that the sowing was carried out only on a prepared strip. 22

23 Planting unit "Bracke P11.a" - 1 piece. "Bracke P11.a" allows you to force a single operator (one machine) to perform a full range of reforestation on soil preparation before planting seedlings. "Bracke P11.a" effectively sets the stage and performs landing on any type of soil, from light fertile soil to rocky areas, felling of contaminated waste. The unit is suitable for both small areas and on wider areas. Furthermore, the machine can handle a sapling protection against insect and, if necessary, fertilizer, directly on landing. Capacity of 300 seedlings per hour. 23

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