Natural Resources Management Plan

Transcription

1 Natural Resources Management Plan for the East Baton Rouge Parish Recreation and Park Commission BREC Conservation Department Updated 2013

2 Natural Resources Management Plan 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.1 Overview Scope Existing BREC Conservation Parks SECTION ONE BENEFITS OF CONSERVATION AREAS Air Quality Water Quality Stormwater Retention Wildlife Habitat Recreation Economic Quality of Life 4 SECTION TWO EBR NATURAL AND CULTURE RESOURCES Aquatic Habitat Terrestrial Habitat Native Wildlife Cultural Influences SECTION THREE CONSERVATION ACTION PLAN Actions Conservation Land Acquisition Priorities..20 SECTION FOUR PROGRESS ON THE GROUND Programs Research Stewardship APPENDIX A 2011 CONSERVATION PLAN PUBLIC MEETING SURVEY.. 32 APPENDIX B 2011 CONSERVATION MEETING SURVEY 38 BREC CONSERVATION AREAS MAP. back cover Page i

3 Natural resources management plan 2013 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Overview The East Baton Rouge Parish Recreation and Park Commission (BREC) was established in 1946 to provide natural resource areas, parks, playgrounds, recreation facilities, and recreation programs to all citizens of East Baton Rouge Parish through a professionally administered organization. Over the years, BREC has created a wide range of diverse facilities and activities designed to meet the needs of the general public. To continue providing quality services and facilities, it is necessary for BREC to accurately quantify the recreation needs of the population of East Baton Rouge Parish and to evaluate public satisfaction. The Natural Resources Management Plan is a detailed document originally developed in 1994 for the Recreation and Park Commission for East Baton Rouge Parish (BREC). Since 1994, public surveys have revealed that there was a strong mandate for BREC to manage areas that include unique forms of natural beauty. The most recent public meeting survey in 2011 (Appendix A), recorded 100 percent of survey respondents supported conserving natural areas in East Baton Rouge Parish as part of the park system for outdoor recreational activities. Surveys of the natural habitats of East Baton Rouge Parish indicated that large amounts of habitat Figure 1. The Four-toed salamander is a rare species in decline in EBR due to habitat loss from deforestation and wetland drainage, development and agriculture runoff. BREC s Frenchtown Road Conservation Area helps preserve possible breeding grounds. Photo credit to Wikipedia Commons are being lost to land development (LDFW). Additionally, areas of archaeological significance to the culture and history of the area are also threatened by lack of conservation. East Baton Rouge Parish has many outstanding natural features which are not only scenic but are great reservoirs for natural wildlife and plant life, such as bayous, wetlands, the Mississippi River, Comite River, Amite River and Bayou Manchac. As a result of the publics continued interest, BREC is strengthening its commitment to protecting natural and cultural areas in the parish. The purpose of this plan is to provide a framework for BREC s conservation activities and outline management strategies and goals for BREC s conservation areas. Scope BREC s 1994 Natural Resource Plan, formed a Park Classification System which defines size and use of park lands; identified natural areas of interest in the East Baton Rouge Area; and charted areas with archeological significance. The plan articulated the following conservation goals: Promote recreational and educational activities focusing on appreciation and understanding of the natural environment. Protect unique and historically representative habitats. Reduce loss of species. As the needs of EBR residents change, so will BREC s goals and in turn the Natural Resource Management Plan. This plan will serve as a guide for the next year and will be updated annually with new research and data and revised strategies as they become necessary. Page i

4 Natural resources management plan 2013 EXISTING BREC CONSERVATION AREAS PARK Blackwater Conservation Area HABITAT Bottom Land Hardwoods and Riverine Habitat bordering the Comite River Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center Cypress Tupelo Swamp and Beech Magnolia Upland Hardwood Forest Burbank Conservation Area Cohn Nature Preserve Frenchtown Road Kendalwood Park South Harrell s Ferry Park Baywood Park Burbank Park Comite River Park Doyle s Bayou Flanacher Park Forest Park Greenwood Park Hooper Road Park Lovett Road Park Manchac Park Mayfair Park Palomino Park Plank Road Park Sandy Creek Park Early Bottomland Hardwood Succession Stage Forested Bottomland Hardwood bordering White s Bayou Riverine Habitat bordering the Comite and Amite Rivers Bottomland Hardwood adjacent Bayou Manchac Forested Bottomland Hardwoods Mixed Upland Hardwoods and Pine Forest Forested Bottomland Hardwood Forested Bottomland Hardwood and Riverine Habitat Forested Bottomland Hardwood adjacent to Doyle s Bayou Forested Bottomland Hardwood Forested Bottomland Hardwod Forested Bottomland Hardwood bordering the Amite River Cypress Swamp and Beech Magnolia Upland Forest divided by Cypress Bayou Forested Bottomland Hardwoods Mature Forested Bottomland Hardwoods bordering Bayou Manchac Mature Forested Bottomland Hardwoods Forested Bottomland Hardwoods Bottomland Hardwoods and Riverine Habitat bordering the Comite River Early Succession Forested Bottomland Hardwoods T. D. Bickham Park Early Succession Forested Bottomland Hardwoods Wray Park Forested Bottomland Hardwoods Totals Page 2

5 Natural resources management plan 2013 EXISTING BREC CONSERVATION AREAS COMMENTS FLOODPLAIN, TYPE OF PARK, ACREAGE Possible Connection to Comite River for Paddling Access Yes Conservation 62 Acres Renovate Education Building, Build Pavilion and Adjacent Open Space Yes Conservation 103 Acres Continue to monitor status of plantings and plant new native seedlings Yes Conservation 58 Acres Invasive Tallow Needs to Be Address Yes Conservation 28 Acres Develop Trailhead and Trails Yes Conservation 496 Acres Land Adjacent to Kendalwood of high habitat value and paddling access Yes Conservation 85 Acres Maintain Existing Forest Yes Conservation 25 Acres Maintain Existing Mature Forest No Park & Conservation 20 Acres Explore Connections to Highland Road Park Yes Park & Conservation 15 Acres Maintain Use as Mountain Biking Area and Enhance Forested Areas Yes Park & Conservation 100 Acres DevelopTrail along Scenic Bayou in northwest area of park Yes Park & Conservation 10 Acres Work to control invasive Tallow Trees Yes Park & Conservation 20 Acres Develop a Catch and Release Program for the lake. Yes Park & Conservation 30 Acres Develop a Trail into woods Yes Park & Conservation 18 Acres Maintain Use as Mountain Biking Area and Enhance Forested Areas Yes Park & Conservation 150 Acres Maintain Existing Forest Yes Park & Conservation 10 Acres Possible Connection to Bayou Manchac for Paddling and trails. Yes Park & Conservation 22 Acres Explore Acquisition of land contiguous with Bluebonnet Swamp Yes Park & Conservation 12 Acres Develop Trail into mature forested woods behind tennis center Yes Park & Conservation 75 Acres Possible Connection to Comite River for Paddling Access Yes Park & Conservation 30 Acres Explore potential for possible Longleaf Pine Forest Restoration Yes Park & Conservation 386 Acres Explore potential of sustainable harvesting of timber Yes Park & Conservation 150 Acres Maintain Existing Forest. Yes Park & Conservation 44 Acres Totals 1,949 Acres Page 3

6 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section One BENEFITS OF CONSERVATION AREAS A balanced ecosystem should have natural areas throughout the landscape, preferably connected together by greenways or linear parks. These natural areas provide many benefits beyond public enjoyment such as improving air quality, preserving habitat, reducing noise pollution, flooding, green house gases and energy cost. Studies done by the National Recreation and Park Association (2010) and the Trust for Public Land (2009) have revealed that conserving natural areas provides a variety of functions and services which provide economic benefits to communities that invest in them. Intact natural systems perform multiple critical services such as providing breathable air, drinkable water, and a stable climate; recycling waste; pollinating food crops; and reducing negative storm water impacts. Vegetated areas are very effective in reducing the effects of urban heat islands which cost the United States over a billion dollars in additional energy cost each year (EPA). Studies have found that vegetation in an urban area around 500 m2 could reduce energy costs by up to 30 million dollars a year.. Parks and natural areas provide flood control which can save the communities millions of dollars in flood damage and reduction of expensive flood control structures. Parks areas that are located in the floodways and dedicated to conservation are factored in to the East Baton Rouge Parish Floodplain Management Plan and lower the cost of flood insurance for citizens in East Baton Rouge Parish. The following are examples of the many benefits and services that BREC conservation areas provide to the citizens of East Baton Rouge. Air Quality The American Lung Association rated the Baton Rouge Pierre Part, Louisiana region as the number 29 most polluted region in the country for unhealthy ozone days in Since the 1990 s, East Baton Rouge Parish and the surrounding five parishes (Ascension, Iberville, Livingston and West Baton Rouge) have had air quality classified as severe under the 1 hour ozone standards. Based upon monitoring data for the years 2006, 2007 and 2008, the Baton Rouge 5 parish Ozone Nonattainment Area has reached attainment of the ozone standards and has requested attainment approval from the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Unhealthy Ozone Days in Baton Rouge/Pierre Part, LA Figure 2 Unhealthy Ozone Days in Baton Rouge-Pierre Part, Louisiana ( ) American Lung Association 2013 ( ) Trees and plants absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen during photosynthesis. Trees and other vegetation promote air quality by taking up pollutants through their leaves. A large, healthy tree can produce enough oxygen each day for 18 people. Enhancing green spaces in urban areas can have Page 4

7 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section one BENEFITS OF CONSERVATION AREAS Air Quality Contʹd. positive effects on local air quality. Cumulative Currently, BREC Conservation areas protect over 12 studies involving urban tree impacts on ozone have miles of shoreline along Bayou Manchac, the Comite revealed that increased urban canopy cover, particu and Amite Rivers. larly with low volatile organic compound emitting helps to reduce non point source pollution and sedi species, leads to reduced ozone concentrations in ment erosion, aiding local water quality. cities (Boland and Hundhammer, 1999)(Nowak, 2002). The preservation of shoreline Additionally, the parking lot at the BREC Bluebon net Swamp Nature Center is a demonstration project Water Quality From a water quality standpoint, the Louisiana De partment of Environmental Quality reports that all eleven of the hydrologic areas or watershed subseg ments in the parish do not fully support all of the that highlights best management practices for mini mizing non point source pollution impact on the waterways in East Baton Rouge Parish. The parking lot is highlighted on the City Parish Planning De partment website as a best management practice. USEPA mandated water quality standards. Most of the waterways in our parish don t meet the EPA s swimmable and fishable water quality standards. Figure 3. Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center Parking Lot Interpretive Sign A combination of best management practices used in the park along with the preservation of wetland ecosystems helps to improve local water quality. Page 5

8 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section One Stormwater Retention BENEFITS OF CONSERVATION AREAS Stormwater retention and detention benefits from natural areas are very important to the citizens of East Baton Rouge Parish given that 40% of our parish is in the floodplain and there have been eight major disaster declarations for flood events in the parish since Land that is in East Baton Rouge Parish that is located in the floodplain and dedicated as conservation areas helps to lower insurance rates for those homeowners who have flood insurance. Trees and forests reduce stormwater runoff by capturing rainfall and releasing it slowly. Vegetated permeable surfaces in conservation areas allow water to soak into the earth instead of accelerating across impermeable surfaces and increasing peak flow rates. Finally, areas of low elevation along rivers, lakes, bayous, and canals in many conservation areas increase the water carrying capacity of the parish during extreme rain events. Figure 4. Conservation areas help divert flood waters and reduce stormwater runoff downstream by capturing rainfall and releasing it slowly which also helps improve water quality. Photo courtesy of John Hartgerink. All but one of the existing BREC Conservation Areas is located in the floodplain which adds up to approximately 1,200 acres of land. If we conservatively assume that each acre of BREC conservation area in the floodplain can absorb up to four feet of water below the flood stage, these areas would account for over 20 million cubic feet of storm water retention capacity in East Baton Rouge parish. Wildlife Habitat Over 1,600 acres at 17 BREC conservation areas preserve four distinct vegetative communities including Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Cypress Tupelo Swamp, Prairie Terrace Loess Forest and Spruce Pine Hardwood Flatwood and provide an oasis for resident and migratory wildlife. Volunteers and staff at Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center have documented 18 species of mammals, 51 species of trees, over 131 species of herbaceous plants, 19 species of fungi, 37 species of amphibians and reptiles, and 124 species of birds. The Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center protects the locally rare Louisiana Blue Star. The BREC Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center and the Frenchtown Road Conservation Area are registered with the Natural Areas Registry with the Louisiana Natural Heritage Program and the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries. The Natural Areas Registry is meant to honor and recognize owners of outstanding natural areas for their commitment to the protection of Louisiana s natural heritage. Figure 5. Bluebonnet Swamp locals enjoy the preserved habitat. Photos courtesy of John Hartgerink. Page 6

9 Recreation Natural resources management plan 2013: Section one BENEFITS OF CONSERVATION AREAS More than 3 out of 4 Americans annually participate in active outdoor recreation. Conservation Areas provide opportunities for connecting citizens who want to kayak or canoe in East Baton Rouge Parish to miles of underused waterways and lakes. The BREC Paddle Up! kayaking program has the opportunity to teach beginning kayakers skills in the controlled environment of Liberty Lagoon and then provide a program to advance paddlers to open water at Greenwood Community Park and our rivers, bayous, lakes and creeks. Lakes at Conservation Areas and other BREC parks provide opportunities for fishing, which based on recent surveys, is one of the top five outdoor activities that citizens in East Baton Rouge parish desire and people nationally participate in. Economic More than 3 out of 4 Americans annually participate in active outdoor recreation. They spend money, generate jobs, and support local communities doing so. Simple, healthy outdoor activities such as hiking, biking, camping, or wildlife viewing generate enormous economic power. Nationally, outdoor recreation contributes $730 billion annually to the US economy. It also generates $49 billion in annual national tax revenue and produces $289 billion in national retail sales and services. Natural areas enhance community economics by contributing to increased property values. Residences adjacent to quality open space gain 10 20% in value. Quality of Life Stress is linked to physical and mental health. More than ever, stress is recognized as a major drain on corporate productivity and competitiveness. One type of stress, depression is predicted to be the leading occupational disease this century. Over 100 studies show that spending time in nature reduces stress. Studies find that children with nature near home report lower levels of behavioral conduct disorders, anxiety and depression. Studies demonstrate that children have greater ability to concentrate in more natural settings. There is compelling evidence that nature is useful as a therapy for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Figure 6. BREC program participants enjoy the Paddle Up! Series which allow residents to advance their watercraft skills over consecutive programs. BREC Conservation Parks provide an outlet for residents to reconnect with nature, reduces stress and quality of life. Photos courtesy of BREC Page 7

10 . Natural resources management plan 2013: Section two EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES East Baton Rouge Parish is located in Southeast Louisiana on the east bank of the Mississippi River. The parish is in the alluvial valley of the Mississippi River, where land is generally flat and at low elevations. East Baton Rouge Parish has many natural waterways and manmade canals that are subject to flooding. East Baton Rouge Parish contains several areas that are identified with outstanding natural features. Many of these sites are centered on areas where changes in elevation are occurring. Most of the parish is very flat, but in some areas, such as Scott s Bluff, visitors can see the Eastern edge of the Mississippi River s flood plain. Highland Road follows the southern part of this edge and is a favorite drive for local residents. Additionally, City Park is located on the Baton Rouge Fault, which provides for a softly rolling landscape. Bluebonnet Swamp is located only seven miles from downtown Baton Rouge and contains both highland hardwoods and a bottom land cypress tupelo swamp. Downtown Baton Rouge itself is located on the first high ground Europeans encountered coming up the Mississippi River, so there are many culturally significant areas. One of the goals for conservation areas in the parish is to protect unique and representative habitats. East Baton Rouge Parish is rich in habitat diversity. Human development in the parish has diminished and in some cases completely eliminated these habitats. Selection of conservation areas is greatly influenced by the type of habitats or ecosystems that are targeted for preservation. Other considerations of targeted habitats that are to be preserved, enhanced or created that will further influence likelihood of conservation include the health of the existing habitat, connectivity or contiguity to other habitat, the size, the absence of harmful waste contamination, restoration needs, desirable acquisition conditions, presence of cultural or aesthetic resources, mature forest, the presence of rare plant or animals, presence of invasive species, public access and community support. These factors will have to be balanced with a multitude of anthropogenic considerations. These holdings will influence future acquisitions. Figure 7. View of the Amite River from a trail at BREC s Frenchtown Road Conservation Area. This park is a prime example of the habitats and resources BREC is trying to protect. Image courtesy of Amanda Nichols. Aquatic Habitat East Baton Rouge Parish has over 437 miles of rivers, bayous, streams, creeks and canals. These waterways include some of the most defining natural features in the parish. These waterways have the potential to provide significant outdoor recreation opportunities, in the form of canoeing and kayaking, which are not currently available in East Baton Rouge Parish. It is interesting to note that the only three species currently listed as threatened or Page 8

11 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section two EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Aquatic Habitat Cont d. endangered in East Baton Rouge Parish by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service are aquatic wildlife (Inflated Heelsplitter, Pallid Sturgeon, and the Manatee). Mississippi River The Mississippi River is the most significant natural feature of the parish and the State of Louisiana. The river is 44.5 miles long in East Baton Rouge Parish and forms the changing western border of the parish. From Southern University North, the river is contained by the tall bluffs that form the eastern edge of its floodplain. South of Southern University, levee s serve to keep high waters from inundating much of the parish. The new multi use path atop the levee of the Mississippi River from Downtown to Farr Park allows great viewing of the river. Efforts are underway to continue the Mississippi River multi use path to Bayou Manchac at the southern boundary of the parish so that this path along the river could link to other paths all of the way to New Orleans. Public access to the river is limited with the exception of the landing at downtown Baton Rouge. Figure 8. Mississippi River in East Baton Rouge Parish. The River is a significant resource in the parish and can be accessed by the multi-use path along the levee. Comite River The Comite River is listed as a state scenic river from LA 10 near Clinton to its confluence with Whites Bayou in East Baton Rouge Parish. The Comite River is approximately 10.5 miles long in East Baton Rouge Parish. The area along the Comite River consists primarily of upland hardwood forests, scattered blocks of bottomland hardwoods, mixed pinehardwoods and highly scattered open pastures. Fish and wildlife diversity is high. Along the Comite River, four prehistoric Native American sites, and a historic cemetery have been found. There is substantial development along the lower stretches of the river that impact the scenic quality. The Comite River offers great opportunities for fishing and paddling in East Baton Rouge Parish. Existing BREC parks with frontage along the Comite River starting in the north, include Plank Road Park, the Blackwater Conservation Area, Comite River Park and the Frenchtown Road Conservation Area. Comite River Park, located directly south of Hooper Road is a conservation area and mountain bike facility. Plank Road Park is a 75 acre park with approximately a half mile of river frontage along the Comite River. In addition to BREC parks, the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Waddill Outdoor Education Center has frontage along the Comite River and they have expressed interest in developing a canoe launch in partnership with BREC. Given the nearly constant water level along the Comite River, it would be ideal for the initial development of a blue water canoe trail in East Baton Rouge Parish. All of these parks could provide the public with access to the Comite River for canoeing and kayaking. Page 9

12 The Amite River Natural resources management plan 2013: Section two EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES The Amite River forms the eastern boundary of the parish and is a popular river for fishing and outdoor recreation. In East Baton Rouge Parish, the Amite River is approximately 52.9 miles long. Recreation opportunities in East Baton Rouge Parish are currently limited, as with the Comite River, by lack of access. Significant mining operations occur along the river in the northern parts of the parish which has led to some degradation of water quality in the Amite River and reduction in habitat for the threatened Inflated Heelsplitter, which currently has some habitat remaining in the lower Amite River in East Baton Rouge Parish. At the junction of the Comite and Amite Rivers, BREC has acquired the 496 acre Frenchtown Road Conservation Area. Frenchtown Road Conservation Area exists almost completely within the 100 year floodplain. The conservation park area has the potential to provide access to the rivers and provide nature trails. Most of the conservation area should remain in its natural state. Future conservation areas along the Amite River should be considered for acquisition to allow for development of a blueway along the longest waterway in East Baton Rouge Parish. The USGS operates several water level gages along the Amite River providing water level and other data on river conditions near BREC Conservation Areas ( current/?type=flow). Figure 9. BREC parks along the Comite River Page 10

13 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section two EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Bayou Manchac Bayou Manchac forms the border between East Baton Rouge Parish and Iberville and Ascension Parishes to the south. Bayou Manchac has extraordinary historical significance. Early hunter gatherers arrived in the rich Bluff Swamp near Alligator Bayou, Spanish Lake, and Bayou Manchac around 6,000 BC. The area where Alligator Bayou joins Bayou Manchac served as a Native American seat of power and trade between 500 BC and 1500 AD. This place was named Anatamaha or Fish Place. The first recorded European use of the Bayou Manchac and Amite River route to the Gulf was in 1699 by Pierre le Moyne, Sieur de Iberville after he learned of it from the Bayougoula Indians. Iberville wrote in his journal This place where I am is one of the prettiest spots I have seen, fine level ground, beautiful woods, clear and bare of canes The famous naturalist and botanist William Bartram traveled Bayou Manchac in 1775 and described the area along Bayou Manchac as a grand forest: the trees of first order in magnitude and beauty and listed species that lined the banks of the bayou as magnolias, sycamores, green ash, red mulberry and others. Some states have turned the route traveled by Bartram during his 1770s expedition into historic trails. In 1814, General Andrew Jackson ordered Bayou Manchac closed where it joins the Mississippi so that it would be impossible for the British to navigate it. Much of the forested area along the bayou has been converted to agricultural fields. The length of Bayou Manchac is approximately 18.3 miles in East Baton Rouge Parish. BREC has a number of parks along Bayou Manchac including Santa Maria, Airline, Manchac and Kendalwood. West of Interstate 10 the Bayou is wooded on both sides for about two miles. If acquisition of some of this land is possible, cooperation between parishes should be considered for a major conservation area on both sides of the Bayou. This area is used by an active nesting pair of bald eagles. The popular Alligator Bayou tour utilized the Spanish Lakes areas directly to the south prior to 2009 when the Spanish Lake system was drained. The National Trail Systems Act passed by Congress in 2009 ( authorized the Department of Interior to evaluate a number of trails for possible inclusion as National Trails including the William Bartram Trail (extending through the states of Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee bartramtrail.org/pages/bartram_trail/bt_trail.html) for the purpose of determining the feasibility and desirability of designating other trails as national scenic or national historic trails. The study is required to be presented to Congress by 2013 and to determine if the trail or route which was established by historic use is historically significant, is of national significance with respect to any of several broad facets of American history, and if it has significant potential for public recreational use or historic interest based on historic interpretation and appreciation. Currently, 30 National Historic or Scenic Trails have been authorized by Congress including the Appalachian National Scenic Trail, the Captain John Smith Chesapeake National Historic Trail, and the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail. Given the historic and environmental significance of Page 11

14 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section two EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Bayou Manchac Cont d. Bayou Manchac, it seems that there exists the potential that a long distance adventure, canoe or kayak trip from the Mississippi River to Pass Manchac could be developed. An organized long distance canoe event could follow the model of the touring BTNEP Paddle Bayou Lafourche ( paddling.btnep.org/) or the more competitive Tour du Teche 130 mile canoe race along Bayou Teche ( or the three day, six leg Bogue Chitto River 120 mile Bogue Chitto Marathon Canoe Race from McComb, Mississippi to Bush, Louisiana. This would be an approximately 50 mile canoe event requiring the development of several canoe launches from a facility standpoint and partnerships between East Baton Rouge, Iberville, Ascension, Livingston, and potentially St. John Parishes. State and Global Rank are as follows: Bottomland Hardwood Forest Bottomland Hardwood Forests are predominant in the Mississippi River Alluvial Plain but, found throughout Louisiana in all parishes. Statewide, bottomland hardwood forest loss is estimated to be 50 to 75% of the original pre settlement acreage. Clearing for agricultural production was the primary factor that led to fragmentation and decline of this habitat type. Large tracts remain but, most are either second or third generation stands. This habitat is ranked globally as demonstrably secure globally, although it may be quite rare in parts of its Terrestrial Habitats in EBR Parish East Baton Rouge Parish is fortunate to have historically had one of the most diverse parishes in the state relative to vegetative habitat. The Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries is the state agency charged with development and implementation of the state Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. The plan is a blueprint that guides the states management actions for Louisiana s fish and wildlife species with emphasis on conservation concern and associated vegetative habitats they depend on. The Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries and the Louisiana Natural Heritage Program have identified seven natural vegetation communities that occur in East Baton Rouge Parish that are rare. Figure 10. Bottomland Hardwood Forest. These forests are only a remnant of those that covered the Mississippi River Alluvial Plain. Photo courtesy of Amanda Nichols range, and ranked in the state as imperiled in Louisiana in because of its rarity or because of some factor making it very vulnerable to extirpation. Cypress Tupelo Swamps Cypress Tupelo swamps may be found throughout Louisiana, and sizeable areas of swamp still remain, even though the historic extent is considerably reduced. In 2005, a Science Working Group convened by Louisiana Governor Kathleen Blanco to study Coastal Wetland Forest Sustainability ( released a report Page 12

15 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section two EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Cypress Tupelo Swamps Cont d. that outlined the dire situation of Louisiana s Cypress Swamps. The report concluded that massive changes in hydrology have greatly impacted the ability of cypress forests to regenerate. The bottom line is that nearly 80% of the Cypress habitat in Louisiana will not be able to naturally regenerate. This habitat is ranked globally as either very rare and local throughout its range or found locally in a restricted range or because other factors make it vulnerable throughout its range, and ranked in the state as apparently secure in Louisiana with many occurrences. Figure 11. Cypress-Tupelo Swamp. Photo courtesy of Amanda Nichols Prairie Terrace Loess Forest This natural community is restricted to the East Gulf Coastal Plain in Louisiana occurring in a very narrow range in Livingston, East Baton Rouge, and perhaps Ascension Parish. The Prairie Terrace Loess Forest was historically more widespread, intact occurrences of the Prairie Terrace Loess Forest have now become relatively rare, following initial conversion to agricultural uses and then more recent clearing for residential, commercial and industrial development. Pre settlement acreage was estimated at 500,000 to 1,000,000 acres with only 1 to 5% currently remaining. This habitat is ranked as imperiled globally because of rarity or because of some factor making it very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range, and ranked in the state as critically imperiled in Louisiana because of extreme rarity or because of some factor making it especially vulnerable to extirpation. Small Stream Forest These riparian forests are extremely susceptible to damage, and only an estimated 25 to 50% of Louisiana s original small stream forests remain intact. Land use change caused primarily by conversion to agricultural uses and timber harvesting has led to loss, degradation and fragmentation of these forested wetlands. This habitat is ranked globally as very rare and local throughout its range or found locally in a restricted range or because other factors make it vulnerable throughout its range and ranked in the state as rare and local throughout the state or found locally in a restricted region of the state, or because of other factors making it vulnerable to extirpation. Spruce Pine Hardwood Flatwood This natural community is restricted to the East Gulf Coastal Plain in Louisiana, and occurs in East Baton Rouge Parish. The pre settlement acreage is estimated at ,000 acres with only 10% currently remaining. Land use changes represented by conversion to commercial and residential development are the predominant threats to this habitat type. This habitat is ranked globally as critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity or because of some development factors making it especially vulnerable to extinction, and ranked in the state as critically imperiled because of its extreme rarity and because of development factors making it especially vulnerable to extirpation. Page 13

16 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section two EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Shortleaf pine/oak Hickory Forest Historically, there was an estimated 4 to 6 million acres of this community in Louisiana however, only 5 to 10 % of these remain today. Land use changes represented by conversion to agriculture have brought about habitat destruction. The Shortleaf Pine/Oak Hickory Forest habitat is ranked globally as imperiled globally because of rarity and because of conversion to agriculture making it especially vulnerable to extinction, and ranked in Louisiana as imperiled because of rarity and due to conversion to agriculture making it very vulnerable to extirpation. Additional Terrestrial Habitats In addition to these natural vegetation communities, East Baton Rouge Parish historically had the longleaf pine community, upland hardwoods and bottomland hardwoods/cypress communities (C. Brown). The longleaf pine community was found in the north eastern portion of the parish which is on the western border of the longleaf pine habitat occurring throughout the Florida parishes. The longleaf pine forest has been harvested and replaced with a slash and spruce pine community. No longleaf pine habitat remains in the parish. It is recommended that the BREC Conservation Department continue to coordinate closely with the Louisiana Natural Heritage Program to identify and work to conserve remaining tracts of land that are home to any of the rare habitats listed above. In addition, BREC will follow recommendations for areas in the development and implementation of park management plans for conservation areas. One of the primary species conservation strategies identified in the Louisiana Wildlife Action Plan is to locate gum ponds, the only known breeding location for Four toed Salamanders, and buffer them from human modification to perpetuate reproduction. We will implement this action at the Frenchtown Conservation Area in those areas where gum ponds are present. Native Wildlife in East Baton Rouge Parish Animal species are largely dependent upon the habitats available. Many species, for example, are adapted to living in edge habitats and require little wooded area. Other species, however, require larger territories of anywhere from 25 wooded acres to over 75 acres of contiguous woodlands. These types of species are experiencing declines in population due to reduction of large forested areas. Habitat loss is the most significant cause of loss of species diversity. Loss of habitat from development has caused a reduction in the diversity and density of animals in the parish. In East Baton Rouge Parish loss of longleaf pine habitat has resulted in hundreds of species of plants and animals becoming extinct in the parish. Some animals, such as squirrels, can respond to the modification of their habitats. Others have been pushed out of East Baton Rouge Parish. Panthers and wolfs are no longer found in the parish. Black bears are rarely seen. Coyotes, bobcats, red foxes and deer are still found in the parish. Figure 11. Wildlife of East Baton Rouge Parish. Photos courtesy of John Hartgerink Page 14

17 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section two EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Native Wildlife Cont d. Conservation of large forested areas around Baton Rouge will provide wildlife habitats for many of these species of animals. Preservation of other natural areas, such as swamps or marsh lands, will provide necessary acreage for the diverse animal species associated with these types of habitats. For example, shallow wet areas will attract many shoreline bird species, and can be created inexpensively in small areas as Bird Watching Parks. On a global scale the on going conservation efforts at the Baton Rouge Zoo will help maintain species diversity. As part of the new Zoo Master Plan, a habitat area for indigenous species is planned. In early 2012, a pair of Bald Eagles were found nesting in a mature tree at the BREC Farr Park Equestrian Center. Staff at BREC consulted with the US Fish and Wildlife Service and have since implemented best management practices recommended for landowners in the National Bald Eagle Management Guidelines (USFWS May 2007). Bald Eagles are no longer listed on the Endangered Species List, but they are protected by the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act and the Migratory Bird Act. Based on their behavior, we do not believe that this pair of Bald Eagles are sexually mature but, it is expected that they will return to the nest next year. Bald Eagles are capable of breeding at 4 or 5 years of age and may live 15 to 25 years in the wild. Several species that are listed as in peril in Louisiana by the Louisiana Natural Heritage Program are known to occur at several BREC Conservation Areas. The Prothonatory Warbler, Painted Bunting, Yellow billed Cuckoo, Yellow throated Vireo, Northern Parula, Prairie Warbler, Worm eating Warbler, Louisiana Waterthrush, Kentucky Warbler, Figure 12. Bald Eagles have been found in East Baton Rouge Parish and BREC is working in conjuction with the USFWS to protect nesting grounds.. Page 15

18 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section two EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Native Wildlife Cont d. and the Hooded Warbler have been sited at the Bluebonnet Swamp and are documented by month and year by the Baton Rouge Audubon Society on the ebird website ( tobird.php). The Baton Rouge Audubon Society has also documented the presence of the following rare birds: Redhead, Clapper Rail, Northern Parula, Prothonatary Warbler, Worm eating Warbler, and Painted Bunting at the Blackwater Conservation Area. Several Swainson s Warblers were seen and heard at the Frenchtown Road Conservation Area in the spring of The Bluebonnet Swamp was also found to be habitat to the Seminole crescent Butterfly, which is listed as a species that is possibly in peril in Louisiana, but whose status is uncertain due to a lack of information. In 2006, Dr. Gary Ross published a description of the Seminole Crescent butterfly in the Audubon Journal based on observations that he made at the Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center ( audubonmagazine.org/journal/journal0607.html). Since 2010, the BREC Frenchtown Road Conservation Area has been a study site for reptiles and amphibians by members of the North American Field Herpetology and Louisiana State University. Researchers have identified 21 species of amphibians Figure 13. Amphibians and Reptiles found in Bluebonnet Swamp and Frenchtown Road Conservation Area. Photos courtesy of John Hartgerink. and 29 species reptiles at the Frenchtown Road Conservation Area. Included in this number are six species of native salamander; fifteen species of frogs and toads; nineteen species of lizards and snakes; and ten species of turtles. Cultural Influences The parish is divided into many different parcels based on a wide range of physiographic features and cultural influences. Within the parish, the ecosystems of the low lying floodplain of the Mississippi River and the highlands of the prairie escarpment meet, creating a bountiful landscape. Evidence exists that people were in East Baton Rouge Parish at least as early as 12,000 years ago. Peoples of this time shared the land with Pleistocene mega fauna, such as the mammoths and mastodons. Bones of these great mammals have been found in Wards Creek and elsewhere in the area. Fluted spear points from this era are large reflecting the massive size of game these early Louisianans hunted (R. Sonders). Around 6500 B.C. Pleistocene mega fauna had died out, most likely due to the warmer, dryer climate. The ensuing cultural period is called the MesoIndian period. During this time, animal species like those encountered today became the quarry and projectile points began to get smaller as spears were replaced by darts. These darts were thrown with an atlatl, or spear thrower, which increased accuracy and power (R. Sonders). Around 4000 B.C. people began to build earthen mounds. These mounds represent our first evidence Page 16

19 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section two EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Cultural Influences Cont d. of inhabitation in southeastern United States. Mounds at Monte Sano Bayou in Baton Rouge were the oldest in North America. Radiocarbon dating, done on one of the two mounds before the mounds were lost to development, indicate that it was built around 6000 years ago. Two similar mounds on the L.S.U. campus are about 5000 years old. Despite these early achievements, the East Baton Rouge area was not involved in the interregional trade, centered around Poverty Point in northeastern Louisiana, which developed some 2500 years later (R. Sonders). About 500 B.C. the use of pottery begins to become widespread in Louisiana. Mounds continue to be built, and we have the first evidence for high status burials in these mounds. Around 500 A.D. hunting techniques improved with the introduction of the bow and arrow. About this time mounds began to be built to serve as substructures for temples and for the houses of chiefs, and social stratification begins to become evident (R. Sonders). It was this culture that European explores encountered as they entered Louisiana. The Houma Indians moved to the Baton Rouge area by the early 1680s and Baton Rouge is said to be named for the Isti Houma, or red pole, which marked the boundary between the Houma and Bayougoula Indian tribeʹs territory. Europeans began to settle the highlands overlooking the Mississippi River in the early seventeen hundreds. The area grew slowly, fueled by the natural resources the parish had to offer. Spanish Town and Beauregard Town were planned in 1805 and 1806 respectively. Baton Rouge was incorporated in The city remained small, occupying the area around downtown, until the beginning of the twentieth century when Exxon, then named Esso, located its oil refinery here. Growth of the city moved northward around the plant. In 1926 the L.S.U. campus moved south of the city and the city expanded in this direction. The size of the city remained concentrated until after World War II when suburbanization began to infringe on undeveloped land (Fluhr and Jack). Today the city of Baton Rouge has spread out occupying most of the lower half of the parish. Developable land left in the extreme southeastern part of the parish is experiencing rapid suburbanization. In the northern parts of the parish, Zachary and Centralʹs populations are growing rapidly. Historically, growth patterns have been influenced by transportation corridors and the 100 year floodplains (DeFraites, Jack & Russell). Today growth patterns are also being influenced by school districts with Zachary and Central experiencing rapid growth. Suburban growth will soon cause urban land to replace forest land as the largest land use category in the parish. Cropland and pasture land, which together accounted for 28% of land use in the parish in 1987, is dwindling. The number of farms in the parish has been declining, from 1,704 in 1954 to 582 in 1987, while farm size has remained approximately the same (Horizon Plan). The four images on Page 18 illustrate how land use from 1941 to 2001 has changed in the watershed surrounding the Bluebonnet Swamp. The images clearly show that this land was classified as forest and agriculture land prior to World War II. Post war Page 17

20 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section two EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Cultural Influences Cont d. development in this area of Baton Rouge begins to show up in the 1953 as roads and housing expand. The 1983 image shows the boom of construction in this area of South Baton Rouge. By 2001, nearly all of the area in the Bluebonnet Swamp watershed has been developed for residential or commercial uses (Mitchell 2002). While the land use study of the Bluebonnet Swamp watershed is only a small sample of East Baton Rouge Parish, it does illustrated the trend of development. Projections for our population in East Baton Rouge Parish to increase by 22% or 100,000 people by 2030 in the FutureBR plan. These residents are forecasted to need over 45,000 new housing units. East Baton Rouge Parish encompasses 301,158 acres of land. Excluding the cities of Baker, Central and Zachary (which were not part of the FutureBR study), the land remaining is just over 240,000 acres. Of that land, over 110,223 acres is either open water, wetlands, or land in the floodplain (excluding wetlands). Changing populations will result in dramatic changes to the landscape of East Baton Rouge Parish. It is vital to the quality of life that we set aside land for conservation purposes for the benefits that these lands provide our citizens. BLUEBONNET SWAMP WATERSHED Staring Hyacinth Bluebonnet Perkins Staring Hyacinth Bluebonnet Perkins Gardere Bayou Fountain Highland Watershed Roads Land Use AG/Pasture Forest Water Gardere Bayou Fountain Highland Watershed Roads Land Use AG/Pasture Forest Residential Water Meters Meters 1941 land use classification 1962 Land Use Classification Hyacinth Hyacinth Staring Perkins Staring Perkins Gardere Bayou Fountain Highland Bluebonnet Watershed Roads Land Use AG/Pasture Commercial Forest Open Residential Water Gardere Bayou Fountain Highland Bluebonnet Watershed Roads Land Use AG/Pasture Commercial Forest Open Residential Water Meters Meters 1983 Land Use Classification 2001 Land Use Classification Figure 14, Land Use Maps of the Bluebonnet Swamp Watershed indicating changes over time. Page 18

21 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section two EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Archeological Sites East Baton Rouge Parish has approximately 130 documented archeological and cultural sites. Most of these sites are related to the many Indian cultures that occurred in the area and many are located on privately owned land. Sites from recent European influence are evident in sites of plantation homes and old mills. Quite a few sites were used for military purposes during the Civil War. Many of these sites deserve consideration as cultural attractions. SDCR&T should be contacted when seeking to acquire conservation lands. Some sites are located on or near existing BREC properties. Many sites can be found along the drainage ways of the parish and new parks, particularly linear parks may encounter these. Some potential conservation areas have documented sites within their borders. These sites may be worthy of interpretive development and inclusion in conservation areas. It should be noted that many sites have not been documented or discovered. Any new discovery should be reported to the State Archeological Office. Care should be given to disturb the site as little as possible. This list is not comprehensive and many sites are likely to exist in the parish that have not been discovered. These sites are important for a variety of reasons. Some of these sites could influence acquisition of conservation lands and decision makers should be aware of them. Exact locations can be obtained from the State Department of Culture, Recreation and Tourism, Division of Archeology (SDCR&T). Site location information is sensitive. Many sites are on private land and the owners do not want their sites publicized. Page 19

22 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section three ACTION PLAN BREC embraces a philosophy of creating a culture of conservation recognizing that the environment, society, and economics are interdependent. During these challenging financial times, BREC is committed to continuing prudent financial stewardship in achieving the conservation vision through the following goals as previously listed in the Scope of this Plan. Promote recreational and educational activities focusing on appreciation and understanding of the natural environment. Protect unique and historically representative habitats. Reduce loss of species. By striving to achieve these goals, BREC will be inspiring people to recreate and connecting them to nature. The action plan proposes the following 17 actions. These actions fall under several different approaches including the creation and implementation of the Conservation Department s Policy, collaborative action of BREC staff and outside organizations and volunteers, creation and development of Conservation and Outdoor Recreation related programs and the implementation of management practices for BREC s conservation land. Actions 1. Advocate for greater protection of public lands, unique habitat, and open space. A. Continue to partner with the City Parish and others in the implementation of efforts to protect public lands and open space. B. Advocate for stronger regional and legislative protection of publicly owned open space. C. Revise the BREC Natural Resources Management Plan every five years. 2. Adopt and implement sustainability policies that reflect target waste reduction, reduced greenhouse gas emission, reduced energy usage, and reduced water consumption. A. Implement Recycling at the Main Office, the warehouses and during large BREC sponsored events. B. Formally adopt policies to reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emission through fleet management protocols developed by the BREC Maintenance Department for Garbage Disposal. C. Promote and support transportation alternatives primarily through the Capital Area Pathways Project in concert with other governmental and non governmental initiatives. 3. Work with existing law enforcement and state conservation agencies to make sure that the existing laws effectively prohibit unlawful hunting, fishing, or consumption of natural resources from BREC Conservation Areas and parks. Figure 15. BREC programming will play an important role in achieving the items listed under the Action Plan. Photo courtesy of BREC A. Meet with LDWF Enforcement Agents and BREC Rangers to review laws. Page 20

23 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section three ACTION PLAN Actions Cont d. B. Meet with BREC Rangers annually and provide them with a portable list of applicable laws relative to conservation issues and maps identifying the boundary of those areas. 4. Assess and Publicize the Effectiveness of BREC Conservation Areas in Achieving Conservation Goals. A. Partner with area academic researchers, students, or conservation agencies to develop tangible measurements for the value of specific environmental functions of BREC Conservation Areas. 5. Promote conservation stewardship volunteerism that provides opportunities for individuals and organizations to leave a positive legacy in the park system. A. Prioritize development and management of BREC conservation areas to support diverse conservation efforts. B. Continue to foster relationships with longstanding partners. C. Expand efforts to develop collaborative relationships and partnerships with community groups, businesses, service clubs, and other groups that are not currently engaged in conservation stewardship activities. D. Challenge BREC staff to identify opportunities for conservation stewardship activities such as recycling at large BREC events, removing garbage from lakes or parks, planting trees or removing invasive plants. E. Maintain a list of specific conservation projects that are achievable by volunteers that support meaningful, efforts consistent with management plans for BREC Conservation Areas. F. Continue to coordinate efforts with the BREC Foundation to support conservation initiatives. 6. Collaborate with other agencies and entities to maximize efficiencies and programs. A. Continue to partner with the organizations and businesses in programming, education, and recreation opportunities. B. Collaborate with partners to educate the public about non point source pollution and it s impact on our conservation areas and lakes. 7. Lead efforts to acquire properties that have significant cultural, historical, or environmental values. A. Identify areas of significant cultural, historical, or environmental values. B. Look for opportunities to provide funding as a match to regional, state or federal efforts to acquire and protect areas identified for protection. Page 21

24 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section three ACTION PLAN 8. Develop and Maintain a baseline of the abundance and distribution of species present at BREC Conservation Areas and unique species present at other BREC parks. A. Continue to partner with organizations and individuals who assist BREC in efforts to identify the abundance and distribution of species at BREC parks. The Baton Rouge Bird Monitoring Program is the most high profile of these efforts. The LDWF assists with this effort at Bluebonnet and Frenchtown through the LA Natural Heritage Program. B. Develop a GIS database that archives this data. 9. Develop Management Plans for Each Conservation Area. A. Develop a plan based on the unique habitat areas at each site. B. Maintain a list of specific prioritized conservation actions that are required by staff or volunteers in the site plans. 10. Meet the Demand for a blueway system to provide access for active canoeing, kayaking, and stewardship projects on the Comite River, Amite River, and Bayou Manchac in East Baton Rouge Parish. A. Identify safe, easily accessible areas that provide river access. B. Look for opportunities to provide funding or partnerships to acquire land for access areas, if not already in the BREC system, and develop access areas. 11. Promote innovative natural resources management approaches and projects. A. Reduce mowed areas by 10% from 2011 levels by creating no mow zones in BREC parks. B. Continue to participate in public/private partnerships to control and monitor invasive species. C. Continue to foster public/private partnerships to conduct baseline monitoring detailing the abundance and distribution of wildlife and habitat present at BREC conservation areas and parks. D. Continue to participate in public/private partnerships to improve fisheries resources and fishing programs at lakes in BREC parks. 12. Provide venues to support a wide range of outdoor recreation, environmental education, and interpretive programs in diverse natural areas. Offer these programs to the public in tiered programmatic levels from beginner to advanced, such as the Paddle Up! Program to allow for phased implementation and participation through age and skill levels. A. Prioritize development and management of BREC conservation areas to support diverse opportunities. 13. Within resources, increase BREC Conservation Program staff. Page 22

25 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section three ACTION PLAN 14. Explore nature based pre school and after school interpretive opportunities. A. Explore the potential of reinitiating the Trail Time for Toddlers Program at the Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center after the Education Building is renovated and providing staff to provide interpretive programs for existing BREC after school programs. B. Continue to foster and expand the new BREC Out Program working with local public and private schools. 15. Develop and promote environmental education, outdoor recreation, and interpretive programs to provide meaningful, positive outdoor experiences. A. Develop outdoor recreation programs like the Paddle Up! Program that has multiple levels of development that participants can progress through from beginner to advanced that take advantage of multiple BREC venues spread across the parish and lead to greater outdoor recreation opportunities. B. Develop programmatic educational programs at the Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center to provide programs that are consistent with the educational themes in the Nature Center Interpretive Plan that are tied to early elementary, upper elementary, middle school, and high school level educational initiatives and benchmarks. C. Create seasonal marketing materials and strategies that coordinate the environmental education, outdoor recreation, and interpretive programs to promote these activities to audiences interested in environmental and heritage activities. 16. Promote outdoor leadership training to better connect teens and young adults to nature. A. Provide opportunities for youth to grow through junior camp counselor, internships, mentoring opportunities, and employment with BREC. B. Develop innovative programming that is targeted to teens, young adults, and seniors. 17. Promote innovative environmental program approaches and projects. A. Expand the Baton Rouge Audubon sponsored Bird Monitoring Program at Bluebonnet to include Monarch Butterfly tagging efforts organized through Monarchwatch; the Louisiana Amphibian Monitoring Program; the Emerald Ash Borer Program Monitoring Program: and the Firefly Watch Program at BREC parks. B. Work with Keep Baton Rouge Beautiful and the Arc of New Orleans to provide a Catch and Release Mardi Gras and St. Patrick s Day Float at the end of parades to allow for the public to throw back beads for recycling through the Arc of New Orleans. This would reduce the clean up needed at City Park after the St. Patrick s Day Parade. Figure 16. Volunteer and Service Learning Projects play an important role in acheiving BREC s mission. Volunteers help manage lands while fostering partnerships and connecting people with nature. Photo courtesy of BREC. Page 23

26 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section three ACTION PLAN Conservation Land Acquisition Priorities In soliciting opinions from the public and meeting with State conservation agency and nonprofit organizations, there are some areas of land that are high priorities for conservation. The following are recommendations that BREC explore avenues to set aside these lands as conservation areas for the benefit of the public. 1. Acquire land adjacent to Kendalwood Park along historic Bayou Manchac or the Amite River. Approximately 250 acres of land in this area was identified as Site 48 in the Potential Natural Areas In East Baton Rouge Parish as a mix of good quality Spruce Pine Hardwood Flatwood and Bottomland Hardwood Habitat. This habitat type was identified astier I Habitat in the Louisiana Wildlife Action Plan. Land in this area is identified by the Audubon Society as Important Bird Area and is part of the northernmost portion of the West Pontchartrain Maurepas Basin. Acquisition of land in this area can provide safe access to Bayou Manchac and the Amite River, and would be a critical component in the development of a blueway for canoeing and kayaking in East Baton Rouge Parish. 2. Acquire lands adjacent to existing BREC Conservation Areas at the Bluebonnet Swamp, the Comite River and or White s Bayou for a linear park/conservation area. connect the Bluebonnet Swamp to the BREC Mayfair Park. 3. Acquire a large area, 200 acres or more, of upland hardwood forest in the northern part of the parish, west of Highway 61. This site should be along the ecotone between the Mississippi River floodplain and the upland hardwood habitat. Sites 3 and 34 in the Potential Natural Areas in East Baton Rouge Parish should be investigated for a suitable site or sites. This area has many documented archeological sites. Ability to acquire additional habitat acreage contiguous to the conservation area should be a prime consideration if a large site is not acquired. Extensive wooded areas below Port Hudson have excellent upland hardwood systems. If no other permanently protected land exists around the site, the minimum site size should be 200 acres. A larger size is preferred. 4. Acquire a large area or areas, 150 acres or more, of Cypress Swamp in the lower portion of the parish. Site 46 in the Potential Natural Areas In East Baton Rouge Parish should be investigated for a suitable site. Linkages to Burbank Park and/or Highland Road Park should be considered. Connections to Bayou Manchac, with habitat area fronting the bayou should also be considered. Ability to acquire additional habitat acreage contiguous to the existing BREC parks should be a prime consideration if acquisition is less than approximately 550 acres. Acquisition of land that would connect BREC parks and Conservation Area along the Comite River or White s Bayou should be explored. Target acquisition of the remaining 35 acres of high quality cypress tupelo habitat and forested land that would Page 24

27 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section three ACTION PLAN 5. Acquire a conservation area that has rich wildlife and plant habitat value along the Comite River in the portion that is classified as Scenic River above Zachery Deerford Road. This area or areas should provide access to the Scenic Comite River for the public and be limited to passive recreation. Excellent riverine habitat and good water quality is located along this portion of the river. 6. Research should be done on suitable land to reintroduce Long leaf Pine forests into East Baton Rouge Parish. Possible areas of interest include Sandy Creek Park or other land in the Northeast corner of the parish. Long leaf pine forests require a certain type of soil in upland areas with periodic fires. The newly acquired Sandy Creek Community Park has the potential to be developed into Long leaf Pine habitat. Other tracts of land in the Northeast section of the parish, where long leaf pine habitat was historically located should also be investigated.

28 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section Four PROGRESS ON THE GROUND The most significant achievements in the area of natural resource management since 1994 are the acquisition of land and development of the BREC Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center in 1997; the partnership between BREC, the city of Baton Rouge, and the US Army Corps of Engineers to acquire and mitigate the Blackwater Conservation Area in 2003; and the acquisition of the 496 acre Frenchtown Road Conservation Area by BREC in In addition, the 1994 plan made the following recommendations or presented the following strategies which have been implemented by BREC. RECOMMENDATION/STRATEGY 1 Develop the Bluebonnet Swamp facility as BREC s premier Nature Center with an on site naturalist. 2 Integrate Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center into education programs with schools, day camps, and other groups. 3 Offer educational tours of Nature Center and other activities to tourists, community groups, etc. 4 Investigate the acquisition of large amount of forested land at the junction of the Comite and Amite Rivers. 5 Develop liaisons with other conservation groups to plan special educational activities. 6 Explore grant opportunities to fund programs focusing on appreciating and understanding the natural environment. 7 Coordinate activities with other conservation organizations and the State Archaeology Office. 8 Improve existing parks wildlife habitats 9 Acquire lands along the Comite River for a conservation area. 10 Incorporate mitigation lands into the conservation plan. 11 Build interpretive trails in Greenwood Park in the forested area west of the Zoo entrance. 12 Acquired two conservation areas (Frenchtown Road Conservation Area and Greenwell Springs Park) that have wildlife and plant habitat value which should eventually have public access to the Amite River. Page 26

29 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section Four PROGRESS ON THE GROUND Programs In 1997 with the opening of the Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center, the center of environmental education and interpretive programs for BREC has been at Bluebonnet. The primary groups that have participated in the BREC educational programs at Bluebonnet have been school group tours and summer camps. Camp programs at the Nature Center have been very effective at providing a deeper experience for participants. Part of this is attributed to the staff having the ability to provide programs all day long for a week during summer camp. Programs have been limited to between 24 to 36 per week due to the size of the facilities. Attendance at the Nature Center for the past five years has averaged just over 20,000 and has grown steadily for the last four years. Since 1997, Bluebonnet Staff has extended the reach of programs by providing off site programs for a variety of venues and audiences. In 2011, off site events included Louisiana Earth Day; Boy Scout and Girl Scout Programs; East Baton Rouge School Science Fairs; Ocean Commotion at LSU; International Astronomy Day; National Hunting and Fishing Day; and LSU classes. In all, thousands of participants took part in off site programs that BREC Conservation Department staff conducted. The thing that we are proudest of from our youth education and engagement programs are seeing a large number of youth who attended summer camp in the early years of the Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center as seven to twelve year olds in the late 1990s or who worked at the Nature Center as young adults, graduating from universities with advanced degrees and dedicating their life s work to conserving natural resources. Research and Outreach Since Bluebonnet Swamp was the first Conservation Area managed by BREC and is the center point of it s conservation efforts, it is the most studied Conservation Area in the BREC system. The Bluebonnet Bird Monitoring Program was founded by LSU s School of Renewable Resources through partnerships with the Baton Rouge Audubon Society and BREC. The program established monthly bird banding at the Bluebonnet Swamp in Since then, hundreds of birds have been safely banded at the station laying the groundwork for in depth demographic analysis. In addition, to bird monitoring, volunteers have taught children about conservation, ornithology and ecology, helping to prepare the next generation of local conservation ambassadors. The young adults who lead these outreach programs with school kids are great role models for the youth who attend our summer camp are able to interact with. Undergraduate and graduate students, professional biologists, and state and federal wildlife agents have participated in the banding and special workshops that have taught them contemporary Figure 17. The Bird Banding Program at Bluebonnet swamp has provided great educational and management resources to BREC through collaboration. Page 27

30 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section Four PROGRESS ON THE GROUND Research Cont d. bird monitoring techniques. The unique research and outreach opportunities of this program has made a huge impact on the youth and young adults engaged. In addition to Bluebonnet Swamp, Frenchtown Road Conservation Area and Blackwater Conservation Areas have been studied and surveyed by local scientists and professors at LSU. At Frenchtown Road, local herpatologists have surveyed for reptiles and amphibians and members of the Baton Rouge Audubon Society have started a list of bird species found in the park. Currently over 50 species of reptiles and amphibians have been documented and it is known that at least 120 species of birds live in or migrate through the park. Blackwater Conservation Area and Burbank Soccer Complex have been surveyed for local fauna with the help of LSU professors and students. BREC is hoping to continue this partnership to learn more about it s other conservation areas with the help of local scientists and volunteers. Stewardship The BREC Conservation Department has partnered with a number of groups and individuals to engage youth in environmental stewardship projects, conserving natural resources and energy conservation. For example in 2011, the BREC Conservation Department hosted 13 conservation stewardship events or projects that benefitted BREC Conservation Areas where 419 volunteers donated 1,739 hours of their time to plant 875 native tree seedlings; assembled and installed 20 benches around Greenwood Lake; assembled 9 fishing line recycling stations; removed 175 bags and a variety of larger pieces of garbage from lakes, bayous and rivers; worked to control invasive Chinese Privet and Tallow Trees; and raised over $1,500 to support Gulf Oil Spill Animal Rescue and Rehabilitation Efforts. Partnering with schools, nonprofit organizations, individuals, local universities, scouts and others interested in the environment is a primary vehicle for our agency s stewardship and conservation management efforts and a tangible way for individuals to leave a positive legacy in the park and an integral component to creating a culture of conservation in East Baton Rouge Figure 17. A group of local student volunteers help clear trails at Greenwood Park and document local flora and fauna. Photo courtesy of BREC Page 28

31 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section Four PROGRESS ON THE GROUND Figure 18. Educational and Conservation related programming is at the core of BREC s mission to provide recreational opportunities to residents of the parish and to connect people with nature. Figure 19. The opening of Frenchtown Road Conservation Area marked a new turn for BREC s Conservation Department. The positive responses from citizens to the opening has been overwhelming and the creation of a Master Plan for the park will be developed with input from the public in the next year or two. Figure 20. BREC hopes to expand its Conservation Department staff in the future in order to help fulfill its mission and the actions described within this plan. This will allow the continuation and expansion of current programming in Conservation Areas. Page 29

32 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section Four PROGRESS ON THE GROUND 103 acres Of cypress-tupelo swamp & magnolia-beech forest 65 acres Of bottomland hardwood Forest,& river habitat 496 acres Of Small Stream Forest Habitat Page 30

33 Natural resources management plan 2013: Section Four PROGRESS ON THE GROUND Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center The Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center is a 103-acre facility which lies at the crossroads of the southernmost remnants of Magnolia-Beech Forest habitat and a Cypress-Tupelo Forest. Today, the habitat at the Bluebonnet Swamp Functions as an oasis completely surrounded by suburban residential homes and commercial development. The history and ecology of the area make it a unique site to interpret the relationship that man has as part of the ecosystem. The nature center opened in Blackwater Conservation Area BREC worked cooperatively with the city-parish and the corps of engineers to develop the blackwater conservation area in this 62-acre park was a sand and grave mine located adjacent to the comite river that was abandoned in the 1970s. The degraded habitat was restored and today, young bottomland hardwood forests are punctuated with nature trails providing access to three lakes, an ada accessible fishing pier, and the comite river which is prized by local skimboarders. School and Scout groups have provided great service planting native tree seedlings. Frenchtown Road Conservation Area In December 2009, Brec acquired one of the highest prioritized areas identified in the original brec conservation plan, the 496-acre Frenchtown Road Conservation Area. The southern end of the site is located at the confluence of the Amite and Comite Rivers. This site is listed as a Louisiana Natural Heritage Site by the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries and noted for its small river habitat. Over 52 species of native amphibians and reptiles have been identified at the site. Page 31

34 Appendix A 2011 CONSERVATION PLAN PUBLIC MEETING SURVEY Page 32

35 Natural resources management plan 2013: Appendix A 2011 CONSERVATION PLAN PUBLIC MEETING SURVEY Overview In the summer of 2011, the BREC Conservation Department hosted three public meetings to meet with residents and receive input regarding the development of the Natural Resources Management Plan. Meetings were held throughout the parish on July 12 at the Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center; July 13 at the Womack Center; and July 14 at Plank Road Park. Every meeting featured a presentation regarding the BREC Conservation Plan and involved a question and answer session. Those attending the meeting were asked to fill out a survey designed to gauge their thoughts on a variety of subjects ranging from general conservation to outdoor recreation activities including where BREC should place priorities on actions related to the Conservation Plan. The survey results of those attending the public meetings revealed that 100% of the 33 people who attended either support or strongly support conserving natural areas in East Baton Rouge Parish as part of the park system for outdoor recreational activities. The five highest ranked outdoor recreation activities that were identified by participants at the public meetings as important to their household include walking (58%); hiking (54%); wildlife viewing/ study (45%); photography (39%); and fishing (36%). Participants at the public meetings did suggest the following activities, events, or programs be considered by BREC. 1. Public meetings on the environment. 2. Programs for adults at the Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center. 3. Camping Program at the Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center. Participants at the public meetings stated that acquisition of new conservation areas (24%) is where they would most high suggest allocating BREC conservation resources followed by maintenance of conservation areas (17%); and improving nature trails in conservation areas (13%). For more detail on the 2011 BREC Conservation Public Meetings Survey, please see Appendix A in this plan. Results In order to receive additional public input during the process of updating this plan, BREC conducted a public survey to assess the opinion of registered voters in East Baton Rouge Parish regarding conservation issues. The phone survey of 303 participants was conducted by Media and Opinion Research Inc. from December 16 18, The survey results show that 92 percent of East Baton Rouge Parish voters continue to support conserving natural areas as part of the park system in East Baton Rouge Parish. The poll also revealed that over 97 percent of voters in the parish feel that it is important to give children direct exposure to nature for their healthy physical and emotional development. A few issues that were revealed in the survey include the following: 1. Over 66 percent of respondents were not aware that BREC has 12 lakes in parks that are stocked with fish. 2. Approximately half of respondents to the survey would like to canoe or kayak in East Baton Rouge parish. 3. Over 98 percent of respondents replied that it is important to restore the University and City Park lakes. 4. More access to water related activities for kids. Page 33

36 Natural resources management plan 2013: Appendix A CONSERVATION PUBLIC SURVEY Over 40 percent of respondents were not aware or don t know where the Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center is located. 5. The four highest ranked outdoor recreation activities that were identified by respondents as important to their household include hiking/walking (48%); fishing (37%); running/ jogging (27%); and bicycling (23%). For more detail on the 2011 BREC Conservation Public Survey, please see Appendix B in this plan. Page 34

37 BREC Natural Resources Management Area Public Meeting Survey Results Q1. Do you feel that development in East Baton Rouge Parish is negatively impacting plant and animal habitat? 20 (61%) 12 (36%) 1 (3%) Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Don t Know Q2. Do you feel that habitat loss is the most significant cause of loss of species diversity in East Baton Rouge Parish? 14 (44%) 14 (44%) 4 (12%) Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Don t Know Other Q3. Do you support conserving natural areas in East Baton Rouge Parish as part of the park system for outdoor recreational activities? 26 (79%) 7 (21%) Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Don t Know Q4. Please circle your five favorite outdoor activities below. Adventure Racing Backpacking 6 Drawing/Art 3 Bicycling 11 Birdwatching 8 Camping 10 Canoeing 11 Climbing 2 Fishing 12 Geocaching 2 Hiking 18 Kayaking 7 Photography 13 Running/Jogging 8 Skateboarding Skimboarding 1 Stargazing 5 Trail Running 2 Triathalon Walking 19 Wildlife Viewing/Study 15 Hunting Sitting/Reading_ 1 Disc Golf 1 Gardening 1 Swimming 1 Quiet Reflection 1 Q5. Have you ever been to the BREC Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center? 27(82%)/6(18%) Yes / No. (If no, please skip to question 9.) Q6. If you have been to the BREC Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center, what was your impression? 12.5 (52%) 10.5 (44%) 1 (4%) Great Good Fair Poor Don t Know Q7. If you attended a program or event at the BREC Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center, what was your impression of the program or event? 9 (41%) 8 (36%) 1 (5%) 4 (18%) Great Good Fair Poor Don t Know Q8. Have you ever been to the BREC Blackwater Conservation Area (the BREC park at the corner of Hooper Road and Blackwater Road in Central)? 12 (39%)/19(61%) Yes / No. (If no, please skip to question 11.) Page 35

38 Q9. If you have been to the Blackwater Conservation Area, what was your impression? 6 (55%) 5 (45%) Great Good Fair Poor Don t Know Q10. Have you ever participated in an environmental stewardship project in East Baton Rouge Parish such as an organized tree planting project or a beach sweep? 16 (52%)/15(48%) Yes / No. Q11. Are there any environmental programs, events, or outdoor recreational activities that BREC doesn t offer that you would like to see offered? 1. Public meetings on environment. 2. Programs for adults at Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center. 3. Camping Program at Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center. 4. More access to water related activities for kids. Q12. Are there any special natural areas in East Baton Rouge Parish that you feel should be investigated for inclusion as a conservation area? 1. Areas recommended on aerial photographs. 2. Greenwell Springs Road area with 500 year old cypress trees 3. Adjacent to Amite River near Ochsner Hospital 4. Any opportunity to expand Farr Park 5. Scenic Area adjacent to Ward s Creek near Mall of Louisiana. 6. Restore LSU Lakes 7. Bayou Duplantier Q13. How often do you visit natural areas? 5 (16%) 16 (52%) 5 (16%) 1 (3%) 4 (13%) Weekly Monthly Once a Season Annually Seldom Never Q14. If you have never or only seldomly visited natural areas, is it because? 6 (46%) Too hot/ 3 (23%) Too Busy/ 3.5 (27%) Don t Know Where to Go/.5 (4%)Don t Like to Go Alone Q15. Do you fish? 18 (58%)/13 (42%) Yes / No. If yes, is there a BREC park where you fish? Q16. Do you fish somewhere in the parish that is not a BREC Park? 8 (36%)/14 (64%) Yes / No. If yes, where Q17. If you fish, do you wish to be able to fish in small boats, such as canoes? Yes 14(78%) No _4(22%) Q18. Do you like using nature trails? Yes 26(87%) Somewhat 3(10%) No 1(3%) Q19. If you like using nature trails, how long of a walk do you prefer? min 30min 45min 1 hour 2 hours half a day overnight Page 36

39 Q20. When using nature trails, is interpretive signage that has information concerning the site important to you? 18 (58%) 12 (39%) 1 (3%) Very important Somewhat important Not important Q21. Do you feel it is important to give children opportunities to interact in natural places? Yes 29(100%) Q22. Would you like to canoe or kayak in East Baton Rouge Parish?yes 24 (83%) somewhat 2 (7%) no 3 (10%) Q23. Using percent, please allocate how you feel BREC s conservation resources should be allocated based on the information below. 24% Acquisitions of new conservation areas 13% Improving nature trails in conservation areas 6% Improving fishing areas 7% Improving birding watching areas 7% Other general improvements to nature areas _17 Maintenance of Conservation Areas _12%Developing Programs for Conservation Areas _11% Efforts to let the public know about conservation activities at BREC (Marketing) 3% Other: Please list Q24. Is preserving historically representative ecosystems in the parish an important goal? 24.5 (79%) 6.5 (21%) Very Important Somewhat Important Minimally Important Not important Q25. Where would you place the balance between quantity of Conservation Areas and quality of Conservation Areas? Average Large amount of Small amount of habitat habitat and less * with better facilities facilities and programs 1 1 and programs Q26. Do you see value in having small conservation areas that do not provide access to the public but add greenspaces to the developed portions of the parish and environmental benefits such as flood control, urban heat island reduction, and improvements to air quality? 20 (65%) 11 (35%) Very valuable Somewhat valuable Not interested in having these Q27. Of the following three goals from the current Natural Resource Plan, rate the goals in order of their importance to you (1 being most important). _2.15 Goal 1: Increase recreational and educational opportunities in the parish, centered around appreciation and understanding of the natural environment. _1.625 Goal 2: Protect unique and historically representative habitats. _2.25 Goal 3: Reduce the loss of species diversity. Page 37

40 Appendix B 2011 CITIZEN CONSERVATION SURVEY Page 38

41 Natural resources management plan 2013: Appendix B 2011 CITIZEN CONSERVATION SURVEY Page 39

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