NAME MOBILE AKASH CHOUGULE SURAJ PATIL

Transcription

1 40S_BE_0575 Design And Fabrication Of Multi Purpose Robust Cutting Machine For Agricultural. 1. COLLEGE: VSMIT Nipani, Mechanical Engineering Department 2. NAME OF STUDENTS AND GUIDE: Name of project guide:prof. Mahadev N. Harkude NAME MOBILE AKASH CHOUGULE SURAJ PATIL AKSHAY HUNSALE SWAPNIL NIMBALKAR KEYWORDS: Agriculture Multi Di-hosking Machine,Paddy Thresher,groundnutstripper, Straw cutting 4. INTRODUCTION: In India agriculture has been facing serious challenges like scarcity of agricultural labour, not only in peak working seasons but also in normal time. On the other hand cultivable land is decreasing due to urbanization.agricultural mechanization is one way to overcome this problem.the main agriculture products in India are groundnut, paddy, sugarcane and wheat. Some of these agriculture products are explained below- For plantation of sugarcane, the sugarcane seed has to be planted in wet soil. This sugarcane seed is nothing but part of sugarcane. In traditional way farmers use to cut whole sugarcane in 5-6 parts, in such a way that each part having 2-3 seeds. Then those cut parts are planted in soil.straw is remaining part of Jowar and Maize plant, after removal of corn part. Farmer use to cut this straw and use this cut parts as a food for pet animals like buffalos, ox, cows and goat etc.groundnut is one of the important agriculture products in India. Farmer use to separate groundnuts from its plants by manually. This require more man power as labours per acre, and also this is time consuming operation.rice is one of the favorite foods of India. Paddy is the initial stage of it. Farmers removing this paddy from paddy plant called as paddy stripping, and this is done by several methods. Most of the time farmers use to remove paddy from its plant by manually.

2 40S_BE_ OBJECTIVES To perform more than one operation at a time. It is suitable for high volume production of agriculture product. To reduce most of processing time. To reduce labour cost. To overcome the problem of labour crises. 6. METHODOLOGY For the successful completion of our project the following methodology is adopted. The number of components required for the project are fabricated and assembled separately to form a low cost energy efficient multi-purpose robust cutting machine. In this project, the idea is to make mechanization of some agriculture and designed and fabricated a Machine, where it can do the following operations, Methodologies used in this machine are explained below. 1) Sugarcane Seed Cutting- The sugarcane seed cutting machine is mainly based on CAM OPERATION. One shaft placed vertically, the sharp blade is placed at the bottom of this shaftrotator motion of the cam is converted into reciprocating motion of shaft. A pin is placed at the base so that waste of sugarcane and sugarcane with seeds will be separated. 2) Groundnut Stripper- Groundnut stripper consists of rubber blades mounted on the small shaft which will rotated by motor. The power of motor is transmitted to the blades through shaft. The groundnut plant will be feed to blades with the help of slider by manually. Then rotating blades will separate the groundnut from the plant. 3) Straw Cutter Straw cutter consists of three blades which are mounted in circular ring that is connected to motor through belt drive. The power of motor is transmitted to the ring with the help of pulleys and belts. That rotating blades will cut the straw in small pieces. 4) Paddy Stripper Paddy stripper consists of two rims. These rims are mounted on one central shaft, and that shaft will connected to motor through pulleys and belt. The power of motor is transmitted to rims. The rotating rims will separate the paddy from plants.

3 40S_BE_ CONCLUSION Model of multipurpose robust cutting machine In multipurpose robust cutting machine, four individual operations are combined. By using this machine the problem of labour crises can be reduced, because it makes the process faster and labour required for operate the machine is also less. It performs more than one operation, so processing time can be saved. In the sugarcane seed cutting operation wastage of sugarcane can be controlled and cut seeds are easy to sowing. In the groundnut stripping operation instead of labours per acre only two labours can separate the groundnuts from plant by using this machine. In the paddy stripping operation while separating paddy from plant wastage will be more in traditional methods. By using this machine wastage will be less and instead of 5-6 labours only 2 labours can do the same operations in minimum time.if this machine is used by maximum number of farmers definitely farmer can overcome the labour crises problem, which reduces the labours cost and process become faster and easy. 8. FUTURE SCOPE The future scope for this machine is very wide. In market separate machines are available for individual operation and also these machines are costlier. Some more number of operations can be combined. And some of the operations can be done by manually handling. If wheels are provided to machine then it can moved from one place to another place. By using worm gears automatic feeding of straw can be done in straw cutting operation.

4 CHAPTER 01 INTRODUCTION In India agriculture has been facing serious challenges like scarcity of agricultural labour, not only in peak working seasons but also in normal time. This is mainly for increased non-farm job opportunities having higher wage, migration of labour force to cities and low status of agricultural labours in the society. On the other hand cultivable land is decreasing due to urbanization.agricultural mechanization is one way to overcome this problem. Fortunately, there are many opportunities to move forward with agricultural mechanization. The main agriculture products in India are groundnut, paddy, sugarcane and wheat. Some of these agriculture products are explained below- 1.1 Sugarcane For plantation of sugarcane, the sugarcane seed has to be planted in wet soil. This sugarcane seed is nothing but part of sugarcane. Sugarcane has approximately seeds. In traditional way farmers use to cut whole sugarcane in 5-6 parts, in such a way that each part having 2-3 seeds. Then those cut parts are planted in soil. 1.2 Straw Straw is remaining part of Jowar and Maize plant, after removal of corn part. Farmer use to cut this straw and use this cut parts as a food for pet animals like buffalos, ox, cows and goat etc. Initially this straw is of around cm. And this should be cut into small pieces. To do this, there are different straw cutting machines are available in market some of them are 1. Straw cutter by Jodh Sing Shembey& sons company 2. Straw cutter by Sardar company (Punjab) 1.3 Groundnut Groundnut is one of the important agriculture products in India. Farmer use to separate groundnuts from its plants by manually. This require more man power as labours per acre, and also this is time consuming operation. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 1

5 1.4 Paddy Rice is one of the favorite foods of India. Paddy is the initial stage of it. Farmers removing this paddy from paddy plant called as paddy stripping, and this is done by several methods. Most of the time farmers use to remove paddy from its plant by manually. Also there are several machines available for paddy stripping. Some of them are: 1. Paddy Thresher by Ajmer Agro industries, Punjab. 2. Pedal Operated Paddy Thresher by Shree. Vyankateshwara Industries, Nagpur (Maharashtra). 3. Paddy Thresher by L. S. Agro industries, Firozpur (India). 1.5 OBJECTIVE 1) To perform more than one operation at a time. 2) It is suitable for high volume production of agriculture product. 3) To reduce most of processing time. 4) To reduce labour cost. 5) To overcome the problem of labour crises. 1.6 THEORY Thesugarcane cutting machine is based on cam operation in which C shaped cam is placed. This C shaped cam will help to lift the heavy shaft which attached with cutting blades. Also this cam is designed in such a way that the cutting blades will fall down suddenly after equal interval of time, to cut the exact sugarcane seed. The different type of pulleys and gears are used to transmit the power from motor to perform various operations. The gear and pulley attachments are used to reduce the rotational speed of sugarcane seed cutter. A pair of gears is used to change the rotational direction in ground nut stripper. Two circular rims with metal strips are used for stripping of paddy from its plant. In straw cutting operation one large pulley will be used for speed control. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 2

6 CHAPTER 02 LITERATURE SURVEY Any project will start with literature survey. To do literature survey for this project it is necessary to visit some farmers, who having some machines related to this project. After discussing with farmers it found that, some problem exists in the presently used machines. So, focusing on those problems and trying to minimize those problems. In world, the usage of agriculture equipment is increasing. In the usage of agriculture equipment, India contributes only 10% as shown in Fig.2.1, as conducted survey in year 2010 Fig.2.1 World Agriculture Equipment Market (2010) Over the few years Indian agricultural equipment market has been widely exposed to international trade. Numbers of foreign companies are making entry in Indian agriculture equipment market. The total number of agriculture equipment s used in India is increasing. The Fig.2.2 shows that increasing rate of agriculture equipment s during and expected to 24.3 % in DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 3

7 Fig.2.2 Total Number of Agriculture Equipment s usage in India ( ), (Y- axis values are in millions and x axis years) Here is the list of machines or operations on which literature survey is carried out 1) Sugarcane Seed Cutting A) Manually Operated Sugarcane Seed Cutter B) Foot Operated Sugarcane Seed Scooping Machine 2) Straw Cutting A) By Traditional method B) By Using Straw Cutter Machine 3) Groundnut Stripping A) By Traditional method B) Portable Groundnut Stripper 4) Paddy Stripping A) Hammering on metal beds B) Rotating the stone roller C) Paddy Stripping Machine DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 4

8 2.1 Sugarcane Seed Cutting Usually farmers do this sugarcane seed cutting operation by manually. And also during last year one machine had been done in Jawaharlal Nehru National College of Engineering, Shimaga as a project work. These two methods are explained below Manually Operated Sugarcane Seed Cutter The manually operated sugarcane seed cutting machine having a wooden base which is having slot, to hold the sugarcane properly. At one end of this base blade is connected. This blade is supported with wooden handle. Fig is the manually operated sugarcane seed cutter. The main problem of this machine is it requires more force to cut the seed of sugarcane. Another problem is the thickness of blade is very less. Because of having less thickness the blade will fluctuate and chances of bending while cutting. Also there is wastage of time for separating sugarcane seeds and extra part of sugarcane. In robust cutting machine, force required to cut sugarcane seed is less than manually operated machine. Due to short length of blade in robust machine, there is no chance of fluctuations and bending. In robust cutting machine the sugarcane seed and its extra part will be separated automatically. So the separation time will be saved by using robust machine. Fig Manually Operated Sugarcane Seed Cutter DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 5

9 2.1.2 Foot Operated Sugarcane Seed Scooping Machine In this machine one hammer is used, the motion of this hammer is controlled by pedal rod. This pedal is operated by foot. The sugarcanes are placed under the hammer and cutting blades are attached to the hammer. Fig is foot operated sugarcane seed scooping machine. In foot operated machine the sugarcane seed is scooped but seed and extra part of sugarcane are not separated. Due to foot operated operation constant and continuous impact force for cutting seeds cannot be achieved. In robust cutting machine after cutting sugarcane seed, the seeds and extra part will be separated automatically. Because of cam operation constant and continuous impact force for cutting seeds will be achieved. Fig Foot Operated Sugarcane Seed Scooping Machine DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 6

10 2.2 Straw Cutting There are two types of straw cutting machines on which survey is done. Those are explained below By Traditional Method In this traditional method straw will be cut by using human efforts. This machine consists of strong wooden base. On this wooden base one quarter circular cutting blade is fitted. Metallic handle which having a slot for guiding cutting blade, that metallic handle and cutting blade joined and fitted to base at common point. Fig is straw cutting by traditional method. This traditional machine requires more human effort for pressing the handle. For doing operation requires two workers, one for feeding straw and another for pressing handle. To cut the straw into small pieces it consume more time. In robust cutting machine human effort will be less because of motor and easier hand operation. It is easier to cut straw in small pieces in robust cutting machine. Fig Straw Cutting by Traditional Method DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 7

11 2.2.2 By Using Straw cutter Machine In this straw cutter machine straw is cut in very small pieces by using high speed rotary blades, which are attached to motor. In this machine straw, grass and sugarcane is cut in faster way. Fig is straw cutting machine. This machine can do only one operation and cost of this machine is high. Also this machine is heavy and it takes more space for operation. These problems will be minimized in robust cutting machine, because in same cost and space whole robust cutting machine will perform five different operations. 2.3 Groundnut Stripper Fig Straw Cutter Machine In earlier days farmers were facing so many problems to separate the groundnuts from the groundnut plants, because they were separating the pods from the groundnut plant by manually. So they were facing labours problem as well as more time consumption problem. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 8

12 2.3.1 Portable Groundnut Stripper This machine has been done during last year in Government Engineering College, Hassan as project work. The machine has one slider to feed the plant. Stepper metal blades for separating groundnuts, these blades are rotated by ac motor. In this machine for separating groundnuts metal blades are used, due to these metal blades breakage of groundnut is more. The robust cutting machine have rubber blades, due to this rubber blades the problem of breaking of groundnuts will be reduced. The fig shows the groundnut stripping machine. Fig Portable Groundnut Stripper DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 9

13 2.4 Paddy Stripper In the traditional methods the paddy was separated by using their own methods. These methods are explained below- A) Paddy plants were hammered on metal beds and were separated. B) In other method paddy were placed on roads. So while passing any vehicle from that road or paddy plants, the paddy were separated from plants. But there was large wastage of paddy. Also this method consumes more time and requires more man power for collecting paddy. C) This is another method which was used for separation of paddy from its plants by using stone roller. In this method the paddy is placed on a particular area in the farm only. Then the stone roller was moved from these plants. This motion of roller was carried away by using animals. And paddy was separated. This method requires more labours and also more time for operation. Also it requires more space and this space has to keep idle for months. The different types of paddy stripping machines are available in Indian market. But most of these machines are bulky or too large in size; also its costs are also high. So, common farmers cannot use these machines. Fig is one of the paddy stripping machines. Fig Paddy Stripping Machine In robust cutting machine most of the operation is done by machine, only worker have feed the paddy plants to machine. This reduces human effort and operation time. The robust cutting machine is compact in size compared to machines which are available in market. Also the cost of robust cutting machine is less compared other available machines. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 10

14 CHAPTER 03 METHODOLOGY PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION SURVEY OF LITERATURE SELECTION OF MECHANISM AND MATERIALS DESIGN AND CALCULATIONS FABRICATION PROCESS ASSEMBLY OF UNIT FINALIZING THE PROJECT Fig. 3 Methodology chart DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 11

15 3.1 CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING In this project, the idea is to make mechanization of some agriculture and designed and fabricated a machine, where it can do the following operations, 1) Sugarcane Seed Cutting 2) Groundnut Striping 3) Straw Cutting 4) Paddy Striping The different parts of this machine will be mounted on a strong chassis. The wheels will be attached to this chassis, so that it can be moved in the farm. And it s a multipurpose robust cutting machine, to work under different conditions. Methodologies used in this machine are explained below Sugarcane Seed Cutting The sugarcane seed cutting machine is mainly based on CAM OPERATION. One shaft placed vertically, the sharp blade is placed at the bottom of this shaft. The weights are also placed on shaft for effective use. These weights can be varied as per requirements. Rotator motion of the cam is converted into reciprocating motion of shaft. A pin is placed at the base so that waste of sugarcane and sugarcane with seeds will be separated Groundnut Stripper Groundnut stripper consists of rubber blades mounted on the small shaft which will rotated by motor. The power of motor is transmitted to the blades through shaft. The groundnut plant will be feed to blades with the help of slider by manually. Then rotating blades will separate the groundnut from the plant. After that these separated groundnuts will fall on inclined metal plate, which has several holes so the mud go out through these holes and good quality groundnut will come out. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 12

16 3.1.3 Straw Cutter Straw cutter consists of three blades which are mounted in circular ring that is connected to motor through belt drive. The power of motor is transmitted to the ring with the help of pulleys and belts. That rotating blades will cut the straw in small pieces. As well as the straw cutter will cut the grass Paddy Stripper Paddy stripper consists of two rims. These rims are mounted on one central shaft, and that shaft will connected to motor through pulleys and belt. The power of motor is transmitted to rims. The rotating rims will separate the paddy from plants. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 13

17 CHAPTER 04 3D VIEW Fig.4 shows the isometric view of multipurpose robust cutting machine, including different operations Fig.4 Model of multipurpose robust cutting machine DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 14

18 Fig.4.1 Top view of multipurpose robust cutting machine Fig.4.2 Isometric view of multipurpose robust cutting machine DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 15

19 CHAPTER 05 MATERIAL REQUIRED FOR PROJECT 5.1 Sugarcane seed cutting operation L shape angle: - Mild steel Thickness (t) =5mm Section =35mm 35mm Total required length=18 feet Pulleys of 30cm & 5cm diameter Shaft of 25mm diameter, length of 90cm Plumber blocks of 25mm internal diameter Cam 5.2 Straw cutting operation L shape angle: Mild steel Material of pulley: Casting Diameter of smaller pulley: 50mm Diameter of larger pulley: 300mm Plumber block of internal diameter 25mm and width 35mm Mild Steel shaft, Metal Blades(C 55), Plummer Block, Pulleys, Belt 5.3 Groundnut stripping For Groundnut strippingoperation requirement of material are given below L shape angle:-mild steel Mild Steel shaft, Rubber Blades, Plummer Block, Pulleys, Belt DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 16

20 5.4 Paddy stripping For Paddy stripping operation requirement of material are given below L shape angle: - Mild steel Mild Steel Strips, Shaft, L Shape Angle, Plummer Block, Pulleys, Belt, Circular rims 5.5 Specificationof About Material 5.5.1) BELTS:- V BELT (AGRADE) Nominal top width: 13mm DDHB Nominal thickness: 8mm Maximum velocity: 25m/s Power range: w 5.5.2) PULLEY Material of pulley: Casting Diameter of smaller pulley: 50mm Diameter of larger pulley: 300mm 5.5.3) MOTOR Size: 1.5 HP Speed:1440 RPM AMPS: 110/220V: 11.6/5.8A 5.5.4) PLUMBER BLOCK Material Type: Casting Internal Diameter: 25 mm P 205 Width: 35 mm DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 17

21 CHAPTER ) DESIGN OF FRAME CALCULATIONS Here, The maximum load due to all factors = 450 kg (including friction) F= 450kg = 450 x 9.81 = N. We know that load on each link, F1 = /12 = N. Assuming a factor of safety as 3, the links must be designed for a buckling load of W cr = x 3 = N Let t 1 = Thickness of the link b 1 = width of the link So, cross sectional area of the link = A = t 1 x b 1 Assuming the width of the link is 3 times the thickness of the link, i.e.b 1 = 3 x t 1 Therefore 2 A= t 1 x 3 t 1 = 3 t 1 And moment of inertia of the cross section of the link, I = t 3 1 b 1 /12 4 = 0.25 t 1 We know that I = AK 2, where k = radius of gyration. K 2 = I/A = 0.25 t 4 1 / 3 t = t 1 Since for the buckling of the link in the vertical plane, the ends are considered as hinged, DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 18

22 Therefore, the equivalent length of the link And Rankin s constant, a = 1/ 7500 Now using the relation, Wcr = f A 1+a(L/K) 2 With usual notation, Here f = 320 N / mm = t t t t = 0 t 1 = 5.134mm b 1 = 3 x t 1 = 3 x = mm. But the standard angle available of 35x 35 x 5 mm Hence for safer side we have selected it. Which can bear the impact loading, hence our design is safe. 6.2) DESIGN OF SHAFT We assumed a solid shaft rotate at 75 rpm and is to be made of mild steel. The shaft here is subjected to both bending moment and torsional stresses. The yield strength of a mild steel shaft material (C50) from design data hand book is 380Mpa.(380/ (2x 2)) The safe load is 300N (Approx. 30Kg).The shaft of length 430mm is subjected to bending and torsional stresses. Maximum Bending moment about bearing BM = 300 x 430 = N-mm Taking power generated to be as 0.25HP = kw DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 19

23 And torque T = (P x 60) / (2 x π x N) = ( x 60) / (2 x x75) = N-m = x 1000 N- mm Equivalent Twisting Moment T e = (M 2 + T 2 ) ½ = (M 2 + T 2 ) ½ = N-mm Take safe stress f s = 60 N/mm 2, for factor of safety=2 d 3 = (T x 16) / (3.14 x fs) = d = 22.32mm 23 mm The diameter of shaft is taken as 25 mm which is safe. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 20

24 CHAPTER 07 DESIGN FOR POWER REQUIREMENT This chapter includes the calculation of power required for each operation. This can be done by considering the different forces or shear strengths required to cut the particular part or plant. So by considering this power the power of motor will be decided. Individual calculation for different operations are given below- 7.1 Design for sugarcane seed cutting The main part of this operation is the heavy shaft. From literature survey it is found that shear force required to cut the sugarcane is N for one blade, so the force required to shear the sugarcane by two blades is N. By considering the shaft of diameter 25mm and total length is 104cm then its weight will by around 14 kg. If another 17 kg weight is added to heavy square shaft then total weight of shaft will be 31 kg that is N and to cut sugarcane seed required force is N. Now the calculation for power required for sugarcane seed cutting operation is given below, By considering force (F) = N. F distance = T θ F = Force to cut sugarcane in N Distance = Vertical distance traveled by the heavy square shaft in cm T = Torque in Nm θ = Angle between rotating cam shaft and heavy square shaft in angle = T (π/180) 90 T = Nm DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 21

25 Power (P) = (2 π N T)/60 = (2 π )/60 P = W Again calculation is done for power by assuming following losses, Efficiency of belt = 85% Friction loss at cam and pin = 70% Friction loss at sliding heavy shaft = 60% P = / ( ) = W P = 1.25 HP 7.2 Design for straw cutting This part of machine will cut straw, grass, maize plant and paddy plants etc., among these all the maize plant having more strength. So the machine requires more power to cut this maize plant. The force required to cut maize plant is 243 N. Now the calculation for power required for straw cutting operation is given below, Torque = force distance Force = Force required to cut maize plant in N Distance = 47.5/2 (47.5 is radius of pulley on which blade will be placed) = cm Torque = Torque = Nm Power (P) = (2 π N T)/60 P = (2 π )/60 P = W DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 22

26 By considering loss, Efficiency of belt = 85% P = /0.85 = W P = 1.45 HP 7.3 Design for paddy cutting In this part of machine the paddy will be separated from paddy plant. To calculate the power required to this operation, it s necessary to find out the shear force or power or cutting energy required to cut one paddy plant. In literature survey it is found that the cutting energy required cut one paddy plant is 147 mj/mm 2. The power required to cut one paddy plant is calculated below Cutting energy = 147 mj/mm 2 Power (P) = 147 Area P = 147 (π d 2 )/4 P = (By considering average diameter of one paddy plant is 5 mm) P = mJ P = J This power is for only one paddy plant, so by considering a bunch of 20 paddy plants the power is given below, also by taking belt efficiency as 85%. P = P = J But, 1J/s = 1 W P (J) = J P (W) = ( ) / ( ) P = W P = 0.72 HP DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 23

27 7.4 Design for groundnut stripping In this part of machine the groundnut will be separated from its plant. The shear force required to cut groundnut root is lesser than that of shear force required for paddy cutting. Cutting energy required for paddy plant is around 147 mj/mm 2. By considering the same cutting energy calculation for groundnut cutting operation is given below. Cutting energy = 147 mj/mm 2 Power (P) = 147 Area P = 147 (π d 2 )/4 P = (By considering diameter of groundnut rubber blades is 3.5 mm) P = mJ P = J This power is for only one groundnut plant, so by considering nearly a bunch of 30 groundnut plants the power is given below, also by taking belt efficiency as 85%. P = P = J But, 1J/s = 1 W P (J) = J P (W) = ( ) / ( ) P = W P = 0.54 HP According to power calculation maximum power required is 1.45 hp. So, the motor is purchased of 1.50hp, because the standard available motor is of that value. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 24

28 CHAPTER 08 DESIGN OF FRAMES This chapter concentrates on design of frames on which the different parts will be mounted. 8.1 Individual loads acting from the different parts on frame The different operations for which the frame calculation is done are given below Sugarcane seed cutting The approximate assembly weight of different parts of sugarcane seed cutting machine is 39 kg = N. Also load induced by belt tension is given below- D = Diameter of larger pulley in cm d = Diameter of smaller pulley in cm c = Distance between two pulleys in cm Ɵs = Angle of contact in radians θ = π - (2 sin -1 (D-d/2c) (π/180) (DDHB) =π - {2 sin -1 (30-5)/ (2 5)} (π/180) =2.84 rad (T 1 /T 2 ) = e µθ (DDHB) (T 1 /T 2 ) =e (T 1 /T 2 ) =2.34 T 1 =2.34T 2 V = (π d 1 n 1 )/60 V =3.76 m/s DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 25

29 P = (T 1 -T 2 ) v/ (DDHB) = (2.34T 2 -T 2 ) 3.76 /1000 T 2 = N T 1 =2.34T 2 T 1 = N (T 1 +T 2 )= N Straw cutting The approximate assembly weight of different parts of sugarcane seed cutting machine is 50 kg = N. Also load induced by belt tension is given below- From equation (1), θs = 2.01 rad From equation (2) and (3), T 2 = N T 1 = N (T 1 +T 2 ) = N Groundnut stripping The approximate assembly weight of different parts of sugarcane seed cutting machine is 12 kg = N. Also load induced by belt tension is given below- From equation (1), θs = 2.01 rad From equation (2) and (3), T 2 = N T 1 =140.87N (T 1 +T 2 ) = N DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 26

30 8.1.4 Paddy stripping The approximate assembly weight of different parts of sugarcane seed cutting machine is 18 kg = N. Also load induced by belt tension is given below- From equation (1), θs = 2.34 rad Substitute the value of θin equation (2) and (3), we get T 2 = N T 1 = N (T1+T2) = N DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 27

31 FUTURE SCOPE In future scope, in this machine by using microcontroller device & sensors we can make it more comfort and automatically with less cost. The future scope for this machine is very wide. In market separate machines are available for individual operation and also these machines are costlier. Some more number of operations can be combined. And some of the operations can be done by manually handling. If wheels are provided to machine then it can moved from one place to another place. By using worm gears automatic feeding of straw can be done in straw cutting operation. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 28

32 CHAPTER 09 EXPENDITURE FOR PROJECT Sl. No. Items Cost(Rs.) 1 L shape Angles Shafts of different diameter Metal strips Motor 1.5hp, 3 phase, 1440rpm Cycle rims Cutting blades Nut,Bolts,Washer Pulleys Plummer block Transportation V Belts Travelling 900 Total Rs Table 9 Expenditure for project DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 29

33 CHAPTER 10 CONCLUSION In multipurpose robust cutting machine, four individual operations are combined. By using this machine the problem of labour crises can be reduced, because it makes the process faster and labour required for operate the machine is also less. It performs more than one operation, so processing time can be saved. In the sugarcane seed cutting operation wastage of sugarcane can be controlled and cut seeds are easy to sowing. In the groundnut stripping operation instead of labours per acre only two labours can separate the groundnuts from plant by using this machine. In the paddy stripping operation while separating paddy from plant wastage will be more in traditional methods. By using this machine wastage will be less and instead of 5-6 labours only 2 labours can do the same operations in minimum time.if this machine is used by maximum number of farmers definitely farmer can overcome the labour crises problem, which reduces the labours cost and process become faster and easy. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 30

34 REFERANCE Book references: [1] K. R. Gopalakrishna (2003). Elements of Mechanical Engineering.Twenty First Edition. Page No.-161 [2] K. Mahadevan, K. Balaveera Reddy (1987). Design Data Hand Book. Third Edition. [3] J. B. K. Das. Design of Machine Element II [4] Machine Design R.S.Khurmi, J.K.Gupta. [5] S.S.Bhavikatti Strength Of Material. [6] Design Data Hand Book K. Lingaiah, McGraw Hill, 2 nd Ed. [7] Machine Design Data Hand Book H.G.Patil,ShriShashiPrakashan, Belgaum Journal references: [7]Bending and Shearing Properties of Wheat Stem of Alvand VarietyA. Esehaghbeygi, B. Hoseinzadeh, M. Khazaei and A. Masoumi [8] Measuring the Static and Dynamic Cutting Force of Stems for Iranian Rice Varieties R. Tabatabaee Koloor1* and A. Borgheie2 Web sites references: [9] [10] [11] [12] www. farming machine.com KSCST Reference [114] KSCST ( ). Student Project Programme (Engineering) Technical Record. (34 th Series) Sl.no. 143 Portable Groundnut Stripper, Government Engineering College, Hassan (Page no.193) [15] KSCST ( ). Student ProjectProgramme (Engineering) Technical Record. (34 th Series). Sl.no. 145 Foot Operated Sugarcane Seed Scooping Machine. Jawaharlal Nehru National College of Engineering,Shimoga. (Page no.195) DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 31

35 PERSONAL INFORMATION PROF: MAHADEV N.HARKUDE B.E, M.Tech: Machine Design. MOB: AKASH K. CHOUGULE USN:2VS13ME004 Mobile: At/p: Soundalga Tal: Chikkodi Dist: Belagavi SURAJ B. PATIL USN:2VS13ME420 Mobile: At/p: Mangur Tal: Chikkodi Dist: Belagavi SWAPNIL B. NIMBALKAR USN:2VS13ME422 Mobile: At/p: Nippani Tal: Chikkodi Dist: Belagavi AKSHAYKUMAR HUNSHALE USN:2VS12ME006 Mobile: At/p: Sankeshwar Tal: Hukkeri Dist: Belagavi DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 32

36 PHOTO GALLERY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, VSMIT NIPPANI Page 33