COSTA RICA S ROAD TO COP21: BUILDING UP OUR NATIONAL CONTRIBUTION UNDER THE UNFCCC

Transcription

1 COSTA RICA S ROAD TO COP21: BUILDING UP OUR NATIONAL CONTRIBUTION UNDER THE UNFCCC Dr. Edgar E. Gutiérrez-Espeleta Minister of the Environment Costa Rica

2 COSTA RICA Location: Central America Area: Km 2 Political division: 7 provinces and 81 municipalities Language: Spanish Native nations: 8 nations with 100+K people Population: ,00 Life expectancy: 79 years Population growth rate: 1,24% GDP pc (ppp): GDP real growth rate: 3,5% US$12900

3 COSTA RICA S STRENGTHS A democracy with long standing peaceful way of doing business A very stable and secure social system No army since 1949 High qualified human resources High commitment on competitiveness Leaders with long term visions Great creative capacity (high resilence)

4 COSTA RICA S CHALLENGES Disarticulated public management Dual education Improvement of transport sector (road network, efficiency) Infrastructure development New environmental and energy sector governance

5 COSTA RICAN GOVERNMENT PLAN Build a new environmental governance framework. Energy and transport sector: Fuel-efficient public transport systems Public transport as a means for reducing urban congestion Alternative fuels New standards for imported vehicles.

6 Building the governance as the first step Strategic Planning Unit National Environmental Council Minister of Environment and Energy Environmental Sectorial Council MINAE MAG MIVAH ICE

7 KEY MILESTONES IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN COSTA RICA Costa Rica starts to build a National Sustainable Development Agenda, based on Biodiversity Conservation, Forestry and Renewable Energy Carbon Neutrality Goal established(2007) C-Neutral Brand launched: 40+% forest cover 99% Electricity coverage 92% Electricity generation from renewables National Climate Change Strategy launched (2009) Action Plan for the National Climate Change Strategy (2011) National Park System (1974) and protected wilderness areas Environmental Service Payments launched (1997) National Forestry Finance Fund created (FONAFIFO) Eco-tourism Consolidation of National Protected Areas System Service oriented economy Environmental impact assessments (SETENA= Third National Communication presented to the UNFCCC (2014) 52% forest cover 99% Electricity coverage 100% Electricity generation from renewables Main CO 2 emitter: transport INDC Nationally Determined Contribution of Costa Rica (2015) Priority sectors for Mitigation: Transport Agriculture and Livestock Energy Waste

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9 EMISSIONS INVENTORY Emission source Emissions in CO 2 equivalent Gg Energy and Transport 4 805, , Industrial processes and product uses 449,8 672, Agriculture, Forestry and other land uses 4 608, ,5 (1 448,1) 4 603, ,7 (1 097,2) (-622.9) Waste 1 236, , Total 7 940, ,

10 OVERALL OBJECTIVE OF THE NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY

11 HOW IS COSTA RICA PREPARING FOR ITS NATIONAL CONTRIBUTION TO THE UNFCCC THE ROAD TO COP21

12 NATIONAL STRATEGIES AND PLANS NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY ( ) NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY (2015) NATIONAL RURAL LANDSCAPE REHABILITATION STRATEGY (IN PROCESS) NATIONAL ADAPTATION PLAN (IN PROCESS) THIRD NATIONAL COMMUNICATION (2014)

13 SECTORIAL PLANS AND POLICIES MITIGATION ADAPTATION FINANCE Action Plan for National CC Strategy National Adaptation Plan WAVES National Transport Plan Disaster Risk Reduction Strategy Financial strategy for Sustainability National Energy Plan 2030 National Biodiversity Strategy in Adaptation Partnership for Market Readiness (WB) National Policy for Agriculture and Food Sector and Costa Rican Rural Development ( ) AMAS LECB (UNDP) Acción Clima (GIZ)

14 Plataforma ClimaTICA how cooperation works AHK SME Green Jobs AECID/ Spain EC-LEDS PMR/ WB Chamber Industries Sustainable council BMZ NAMA Facility Urban Transport Urban planning + construction SME/ Energy Efficiency Private Sector Associations + Companies International Cooperation Inter-sectorial Coordination Project Management Unit MINAE-DCC (BMUB-GIZ) Agriculture/ Café Livestock Dos Pinos BMUB/ICI Bridgestone CCAP Energy/ Biomass FIRM/ UNEP Florida Ice + Farms LECBP/ UNEP IDB DOLE

15 HOW DOES NAMA WORKS IN COSTA RICA - EXAMPLE: NAMA CAFÉ Producer Coffee Mills NAMA Facility BMUB/DECC BID/FOMIN Fundecooperación ICAF ÉDCC MINAE GIZ MAG Coffee Sector 10% Over all emissions Costa Rica Institutional Coordination Project Management International Cooperation Clients and local partners

16 NAMA FOR URBAN AREAS Urban Renewal Climate Smart Cities Sustainable housing Integrated Sustainable Transport Systems Solid Waste Financial Architecture: Urban Fund for Sustainable, Climate Smart Cities Sector-wide approach in partnership with other ministries MIVAH and other key partners, both public (MOPT-MINAE-DCC) and private (chambers and importers)

17 WHAT ARE WE CURRENTLY DOING? Participation and consultation Multi-stake holder involvement Analysis and Reporting GHG s inventories, Biannual Update Reports, Emissions scenarios and costs (MAC curves) National Contributions Monitoring, Reporting and Verification systems Outreach and sectorial engagement Governance structure (Environmental Sectorial Council) Mainstreaming CC emission reduction goals into sectoral policies Private sector engagement Standards and norms INTE : ISO & GHG Protocol New standards for imported vehicles (fuel efficiency + emissions)

18 PRE-2020 PROCESS INDC Process Designed NAP Process Designed First Round of Sectorial Consultations (Agriculture, Energy, Transport, Urban) INDC submitted NAP Process in progress and additional funding obtained Second and Third Round of Sectorial Consultations for INDC NAP fully designed, consulted and funded INDC final draft peer reviewed, and submitted Final adjustments to climate governance structure Financial architecture for Climate Change Strategy fully designed and funded Carbon Neutrality is subsumed under new INDC Goals New climate regime in place

19 TOWARD A GLOBAL CONTRIBUTION FROM COSTA RICA Costa Rica is currently working on its National Contribution to the UNFCCC, and will need to build on the global aspiration from the Carbon Neutrality decision to the setting of a longer term goal

20 WHAT PROVISIONS ARE NEEDED IN THE NEW AGREEMENT? (FROM FRANZ PERREZ, AMBASSADOR FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, SWITZERLAND. 17 MARCH 2015-OECD) Paris Accord - durable - legal force - political clarity - simple (few words) - long term - has to bring in individual responsibility INDCs COP Decisions: - Adopting Accord - providing further guiding & binding details: dynamic technical - agreement on the rules of the game (MRV)

21 Per capita CO2 emissions

22 Climate Change Information for Effective Adaptation A Practitioner s Manual. GTZ (PIK/Meinshaussen 2007)

23 TOWARDS A SIMPLE ACCORD IN PARIS: A WORKING PROPOSAL Strategic long term objective: keep the Planet below temperature of 2º Celsius Intermediate objectives: 2050: 2 ton of CO 2 per capita 2100: 1 ton of CO 2 per capita

24 As we celebrate today with Germany and UK the official approval of the NAMA Café, we have to keep on working to set up the pace of change in the political will towards a better understanding and achievable goals to secure life on Planet Earth What we have done together, Costa Rica and Germany, is an example how far we can go in achieving common goals

25 Danke schön! Muchas gracias!