Tokyo s 3rd Year Cap-and-Trade Results: Lessons learned Hisataka Goto Tokyo Metropolitan Government-Environment

Transcription

1 Tokyo s 3rd Year Cap-and-Trade Results: Lessons learned Hisataka Goto Tokyo Metropolitan Government-Environment

2 Agenda 1. Tokyo Cap-and-Trade: Characteristics 2. Results to Date 3. Lessons Learned

3 Tokyo Cap-and-Trade Coverage and Scope Total CO2 Emissions: 62 million tonnes (FY2011) Emissions Number of Facilities Transportation 20% Households 31% Commercial & Industrial 46% 40% 60% Large CO 2 emitting facilities Small & medium CO 2 emitting facilities 1,400 facilities =0.2% More than 700,000 facilities =99.8% Covers 20% of Tokyo s total CO2 emissions 80% of covered facilities are commercial buildings

4 Tokyo Cap-and-Trade Cap Settings Compliance Period in two five-year compliance periods ( , ) Cap (Total emissions allowed for the covered sector) Emissions reduced by 6% from base-year emissions (first period) 15% reduction in the second period Base-year emissions 1 st period ( ) 6% reduction 5yr average 2 nd period ( ) 15% reduction 5yr average

5 Tokyo Cap-and-Trade Allowance Allocation Declining ceiling for each facility Emission Allowance = ( 100%- Compliance ) 5 years Base-year emissions factor Reduction Obligation: Compliance factor by category Category 1 st Period 2 nd Period Ⅰ-1 Commercial buildings, District cooling & heating facilities (plants) 8% 17% Ⅰ-2 Commercial buildings using DHC 6% 15% Ⅱ Factories, etc. 6% 15% Top level Certified facilities as: Top Level / Near-top Level Facility 1/2 or 3/4 of the compliance factor

6 Tokyo Cap-and-Trade Trade and Offset Emission Trading: Tradable allowances are limited to the excess reductions over compliance obligations MRV: Monitoring and annual reporting are required Verification system established for the program Offset systems: Renewables, Emission reductions in small facilities, etc. Linkage: Link with the C&T of an adjacent Prefecture Reduction Obligation CO2 Excess Reduction TRADE! CO2 CO2

7 Results to Date 1. Total emission reductions: TCAT achieved 22% reduction 13% Reduction 22% Reduction

8 Results to Date 2 2. Emission reductions in each facility: 92% of all facilities have successfully achieved more than their obligations

9 Results to Date 3 Remarkable Reductions in 3 Years 3. Comparison with national total trend: Tokyo, and facilities under TCAT, decreased emissions drastically Amendment of Metropolitan Ordinance Enforcement of mandatory reduction of total emissions

10 Results to Date 4 4. CO2 emission intensity has also dropped drastically Base-year FY2010 FY2011 FY ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~105 95~100 90~95 85~90 80~85 75~80 70~75 65~70 60~65 55~60 50~55 45~50 40~45 35~40 30~35 25~30 <25 Avg.103 t-co2/ m2 165~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~105 95~100 90~95 85~90 80~85 75~80 70~75 65~70 60~65 55~60 50~55 45~50 40~45 35~40 30~35 25~30 <25 Avg.87 t-co2/ m2 165~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~105 95~100 90~95 85~90 80~85 75~80 70~75 65~70 60~65 55~60 50~55 45~50 40~45 35~40 30~35 25~30 <25 Avg.74 t-co2/ m2 165~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~105 95~100 90~95 85~90 80~85 75~80 70~75 65~70 60~65 55~60 50~55 45~50 40~45 35~40 30~35 25~30 <25 27% Reduction on avg. Avg.75 t-co2/ m

11 Results to Date 5 Reason for steady reductions 1. Steady introduction of measures as planned: Measures # of Measures Reduction (t-co2) Introduction of LEDs ,808 Introduction of high efficiency air conditioning 86 4,812 Introduction of high efficiency heat source equipment Introduction of high efficiency pumps for air conditioning and energysaving control Introduction of high efficiency fans 66 14, , ,038 Table1: Example of new measures in FY2012 Accumulated Reductions (Implemented/Planned)

12 Results to Date 6 Reason for steady reductions 2. Huge jump: LED installations Installation size (m 2 ) Energy Efficient Type Traditional Type Year

13 Results to Date 7 Carbon Market Development (As of Jul.2014) 1. Offset Credits Creation 270,000 t-co2 credits are expected to be created (1 st period) 2. Credits Issued Total 560,000 t-co2 offset credits are issued Excess Emission Reductions SM Credits Renewable Credits Renewable Credits 3. Transactions Total 38 cases 78,000 t-co2 Transactions Current price tendency: Renewable energy credit: 80 usd/t-co2 Excess emission reductions: 70 usd/t-co 2 t-co 2 (# of Cases) Total 290,669(109) 17,001(318) 23,039(5) 199,215(64) 560,424(496)

14 Lessons Learned 1 Disclosure and Feeding back Feeding back data with comparative information is effective (MJ) Your facility here Energy consumption Your potential Floor Space (m2)

15 Lessons Learned 2 Incentive for further reduction Top Level Facility Certification Program 83 facilities are certified ½ or ¾ emission reduction obligations Named as a top level facility Long term strategy by developers

16 Lessons Learned 3 Capacity Building Capacity building of both government and facility/building sides is necessary Building side Effective measures taken: --Feeding back reports --Advising through help desk --Providing seminars/lectures --Disseminating brochures/best practice reports Government side --Better communication with stakeholders, --Building up and improving policies and programs --Learning from other cities is crucial!

17 Lessons Learned 4 Complehensive Policy in Buidling Sector Larger New buildings Existing buildings District Plan for Energy Efficiency Cap & Trade Program Developments w. incentive bonus Green Building Program CO 2 Emission Reporting Program Smaller Planning/Operation Stage Planning Design Construction Operation Tuning Retrofit

18 Further in depth information exchange References TMG Website: TMG Facebook: