2010 Midwestern Pavement Preservation Partnership Conference

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1 2010 Midwestern Pavement Preservation Partnership Conference West Des Moines, Iowa October 27, 2010 Royce Fichtner, P.E. Field Engineer Asphalt Paving Association of Iowa Celebrating 55 Years!

2 Celebrating 55 Years! Welcome to Iowa!

3 Asphalt Paving Association of Iowa An association of Hot-Mix Asphalt producers, asphalt cement suppliers, aggregate producers, consulting engineers and industry retailers formed to insure the highest quality of asphalt is produced and placed in the State of Iowa. Established in 1955.

4 Benefits of Asphalt Pavements? Smooth Durable Quiet Fast Construction Environmentally Sustainable!

5 ASPHALT is the Environmentally Sustainable Pavement Perpetual Pavements 100 % Recyclable (RAP) Recycled Asphalt Shingles (RAS) Porous Asphalt Warm-Mix Asphalt (WMA) BioAsphalt!

6 What about pavement preservation?

7 Pavement Preservation 1. Design and construct long-lasting sustainable pavements. 2. Know the life-cycle of your pavements and plan your treatments in advance. 3. Execute the plan.

8 Design for Success 1. Build a strong subgrade. 2. Insure proper drainage. WATER is the ENEMY. 3. Know your traffic count especially the percentage of trucks. 4. Stage the construction if possible. 5. Build Perpetual Pavements.

9 The New Asphalt, Absolutely! Smooth / Quiet / Perpetual

10 Structure Remains Intact Perpetual Pavements Pavements requiring only periodic surface renewal { High Quality HMA Surface Course 20+ Years Later < Critical Strain

11 Plan for Maintenance 1. Know your local pavement history. 2. Have an index for your pavements with planned maintenance PMS. 3. Follow the plan. 4. Be adaptable to successes and failures. 5. Use your local contractors as a resource.

12 Potential Early Life-Cycle Distresses 1. Crack Repair Longitudinal Joint cracking Reflective Cracking Thermal Cracking

13 Longitudinal Cracking

14 Reflective Cracking

15 Thermal Cracking Asphalt Paving Association of Iowa

16 Cracking Causes: Reflective cracking Poor compaction at joint Poor tack coat at joint Incorrect PG Binder for climate Freeze / Thaw cycle Expansive soils Solutions: Crack seal Crack seal with slurry coat Asphalt Paving Association of Iowa Mill and patch

17 Potential Mid Life-Cycle Distresses 1. Raveling 2. Shoving / Rutting 3. Delamination / Debonding 4. Edge Cracking 5. Potholes

18 Raveling Causes: Lack of density Uneven mixture Aging pavement, binders oxidized Solutions: Fog Seal Chip Seal Micro surface Thin Asphalt lift Overlay Paving Association of Iowa Mill and Fill

19 Shoving / Rutting Causes: Weak Pavement Design Incorrect Binder Choice Not enough crushed stone content Poor Compaction Debonding with base course Solutions: Leveling Course with HMA Overlay Mill and Fill Asphalt Paving Association of Iowa Microsurfacing Slurry Seal

20 Delamination / Debonding Causes: Poor Compaction Weak tack coat between layers Insufficient layer thickness Solutions: Partial depth patching Mill and Fill Microsurfacing

21 Edge Cracking Causes: Weakened sub-base at edge Heavy loads Poor pavement edge support Poor shoulder drainage Solutions: Strengthen with overlay or reconstruction Widen Asphalt lane Paving or stabilize Association of Iowa shoulders Place subdrains

22 Potholes Causes: Inadequate Pavement Design Weakness in subgrade or subbase Poor compaction Segregation of mix Pavement Fatigue Solutions: Full-Depth Patching to necessary Asphalt Paving depth Association of Iowa

23 Potential End of Life-Cycle Distresses 1. Block Cracking / Alligator Cracking 2. Poor Ride Quality 3. Joint Heaving

24 Block / Alligator Cracking Causes: Weakness in subgrade or subbase Pavement Fatigue Solutions: Full-Depth Patching to necessary depth Strengthening / Leveling course w/ Overlay Cold-in-Place Recycling w/ Overlay Asphalt Paving Association of Iowa Reconstruction

25 Asphalt Pavement Rehabilitation 1. Straight Overlay 2. Mill and Fill 3. Cold-in-Place Recycling with Overlay

26 Straight Overlay Advantages: Lowest cost Fast to construct Disadvantages: Potential Lesser Ride Quality Raise height of grade Asphalt Paving Association of Iowa

27 Mill and Fill Advantages: Low cost Recycle the asphalt Fast to construct Keep grade the same Smooth Ride Disadvantages: Little more expensive Adds operation Asphalt Paving Association of Iowa

28 Cold-in-Place Recycling Advantages: Very Green Operation Use Existing Materials Controls Thermal Crack Reflection Smooth Ride Potential for Longer Pavement Life Disadvantages: More expensive Longer Construction Period

29 The Economic Values of Overlay Alternatives R. Christopher Williams, Ph.D. and Larry Mattusch, P.E

30 The Economic Values of Overlay Alternatives $25,000 Dollars per lane mile yearly $20,000 $15,000 Design ESALs 300,000 1,000,000 3,000,000 $10,000 $5,000 $0 HMA Overlay Mill & HMA Overlay CIPR & HMA Overlay Mill & PCC Overlay Interlayer & PCC Overlay

31 Concrete Pavement Rehabilitation 1. Straight Overlay 2. Rock Interlayer 3. Crack and Seat 4. Rubblization

32 Straight Overlay of PCC Advantages: Lowest cost Fast to construct Disadvantages: Potential Lesser Ride Quality Reflective Cracking Raise height of grade Asphalt Paving Association of Iowa

33 Rock Interlayer with HMA Overlay Advantages: Low cost Fast to construct Retards Reflective Cracking Disadvantages: Raise height of grade Changes Future Pavement Rehab Choices Asphalt Paving Association of Iowa

34 PCC Crack and Seat Advantages: Low cost Fast to construct Retards Reflective Cracking Can use Rock Interlayer too Longer Overlay Life Disadvantages: Additional Cost Potential PCC Failures Asphalt = Paving Higher Association of Iowa costs

35 PCC Rubblization Advantages: Nearly eliminates Reflective Cracking Can use Rock Interlayer too Significantly Longer Overlay Life Disadvantages: Higher Additional Costs Greater Chance of PCC Failures = Higher Asphalt costs Paving Association of Iowa

36 Summary 1. Build a Strong Subgrade 2. Design for success build Perpetual Pavements 3. Maintain PMS and keep up maintenance!

37 APAI Upcoming Events APAI Convention Dec 1-2 Greater Iowa Asphalt Conference March 2-4, DM Airport Holiday Inn Regional Meetings: 3/22 Sioux City 3/23 Council Bluffs 3/24 Des Moines 4/5 Mason City 4/6 Dubuque 4/7 Iowa City

38 Thank you! APAI Is at your Service

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