Towards a knowledge base for a wind electric pumping system design

Transcription

1 Université Moulay Ismaïl Ecole Nationale Supérieure d Arts et Métiers International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference March , Ouarzazate, Morocco Towards a knowledge base for a wind electric pumping system design Abdelaziz ARBAOUI 1,2(*) 1 M2I, Ecole National supérieure d Arts et Métiers BP 4024, MkèI Meknès Ismaïlia, Morocco. abdelaziz_arbaoui@yahoo.fr Mohamed Allae BENNINI 2 and Mohamed ASBIK 2 2 LP2MS, URAC 08, Faculté des Sciences BP 11201, Zitoune, Meknès, Maroc asbik_m@yahoo.fr, bennini.allae@gmail.com

2 INTRODUCTION The NATO SfP project Sahara Trade Winds to Hydrogen: Applied Research for Sustainable Energy Systems Building two applied research platforms within Morocco and Mauritania's main research centers in partnership with large local end user groups to initiate a far ranging, comprehensive program aimed at integrating wind energies in the Saharan/Sahel region. Sahara Trade Winds Academic Networks

3 INTRODUCTION The small wind turbine integration problem The small wind turbine market has good potential. The applications range from remote sites to distributed generation to reduce electricity bill. Despite this potential, the SWT project is still in demonstration phase at the regional level. The causes are multiple: o High cost o Not yet mature technology o Complex market and local manufacturing absence o Absence of regional wind map o Absence of national Legal rules

4 INTRODUCTION Proposed actions to support the SWT Integration Researchfocus 1 Local design and manufacturing process of small wind turbine The solutions: Optimal design in order to maximize SWT performance Local manufacturing of SWT in large quantities Good SWT choice, sitting and an adequate tower height. Research focus 2 Decision support to the end user in the development of their SWT projects 4

5 LIST OF CONTENTS 1. DESIGN APPROACH 2. ROTOR MODEL FORMULATION 3. MODEL VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION 4. MODEL PROCESSING AND UTILIZATION 5. CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES 5

6 DESIGN APPROACH Design Approach The development of the knowledge base system has been performed throughfour mainsteps: Analysis and structuring of the design problem Models formulation Models verification and validation Models processing and utilization In this presentation the used approach is illustrated through the rotor component

7 DESIGN APPROACH The ENSAM test bench Small wind turbine 2 Wind speed sensor 3 Wind direction sensor 4 Water reservoir 5 Electrical power sensor 6 Electrical frequency sensor 7 Pump 8 Water flow sensor 9 Control and data acquisition system

8 ROTOR MODEL FORMULATION Blade geometry for flow analysis The performance of the rotor is predicted using the axial momentum theory combined with the blade element theory ωr(1+a ) Rotor plane V 0 (1 a) β α ϕ V r V 0 Axial momentum theory Based on a global description of the flow by using the conservation of the linear and angular momentum. It assumes the wind to be incompressible nonviscous flow Blade element theory uses the definition of the lift and drag to obtain the thrust and the torque; it employs the airfoil geometry and aerodynamic characteristic.

9 ROTOR MODEL FORMULATION The lift and drag coefficients Experimental data obtained using a wind tunnel or those obtained by CFD simulation AERODAS (Analytical model ) Pre stall data Post stall data Simulated lift and drag coefficients for the S809 airfoil using AERODAS model compared with experimental data of Delft University

10 MODEL VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION Problem solving In order to verify and validate the formulated model, we refer to the experimental data of NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) obtained using the NASA Ames wind tunnel. These data relate to a wind turbine with a diameter of 10m. The blade is twisted with the chord variable along it and with an S809 airfoil PATH SOLVER For a simulation problem CONOPT SOLVER For an Optimization problem GAMS SOFTWARE Generalized Algebraic Modeling System

11 MODEL VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION The input variables of the global model are: o Blade tip and root radius o Pitch angle along the blade o Number of blade o Airfoil aerodynamic characteristics (AERODAS ) o Chord along the blade o Rotational speed For a predicted power, in the worst case, the observed deficiency is about 17,5% for the range of wind speed between 8m/s and 10m/s

12 MODEL PROCESSING AND UTILIZATION Model reuse The model is used to design a blade for a small wind turbine which we attempt to manufacture locally The goal is to find, the pitch angle distribution along the blade that maximizes the power coefficient The optimum blade chord distribution is introduced by : To perform optimization of the power coefficient, some input variables need to be chosen: o The design wind speed =7m/s o The rotor diameter = 0.45m o The number of blade =3 o The tip speed ratio = 6 o The angle of attack = 3 o The blade airfoil (NACA 4412)

13 MODEL PROCESSING AND UTILIZATION Model reuse The power coefficient, which is the optimization criteria, reaches 0.39 Optimal pitch angle and chord variation along the blade of a new designed rotor CAD Model with CATIA Software Blade Mold

14 CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES A new approach to design a wind electric pumping system is presented and illustrated through the rotor component In the used model, the power of the rotor is predicted using the axial momentum theory combined with the blade element theory The global model is implemented and solved using the GAMS software The obtained result shows that there is a good agreement between the simulated power curve and the experimental data. Finally, the global model is used to design a blade for a small wind turbine which we attempt to manufacture locally Currently, we develop models of the other component (generator, pump, tower ) The global model will be validated using the experimental data obtained with our testt bench bf before bi being used to support decisions i in the design process of such systems.

15 Université Moulay Ismaïl Ecole Nationale Supérieure d Arts et Métiers International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference March , Ouarzazate, Morocco Towards a knowledge base for a wind electric pumping system design