Regulatory Framework for Non-Nuclear Radioactive Waste Disposal

Transcription

1 Regulatory Framework for Non-Nuclear Radioactive Waste Disposal Dr Juliet Long Head of Legacy and Waste Issues, Environment Agency, UK May 2017 NEA Workshop on the Management of Non-nuclear radioactive waste, Legnaro, Italy (2-4 May 2017)

2 Content The importance of radioactive waste management nuclear and non-nuclear International expectations for management of non-nuclear radioactive wastes Strategic implementation in the UK (NB for practical aspects in UK see Session 3) Challenges

3 Radioactive wastes? Defence Nuclear Oil & Gas Manufacturing Life Sciences Radioactive Waste Management Policy & Infrastructure 3

4 UK Resilience UK Growth Climate Change Defence Energy Research Healthcare Manufacturing Nuclear Non-Nuclear Radioactive Waste Management Infrastructure

5 International Framework 5

6 Regulating non-nuclear radioactive wastes Nuclear safety & security, safeguards and inland transport: NB. There are no licensed nuclear sites in Northern Ireland

7 Radioactive Waste Management Infrastructure

8 Key Radioactive Substances Permitted Incinerator Radioactive Substances Permitted landfill or repository NORM waste only Nuclear site local waste disposal Dounreay LLWF Stoneyhill UK Disposal Facilities Lower Activity Wastes million m 3 from civil nuclear decommissioning Port Clarence Lillyhall LLWR CLESA million m 3 permitted capacity (time limited availability) Clifton Marsh - potentially 6 million m 3 more from nuclear site clean-up Kings Cliffe - Questions about quantities / timing of non-nuclear waste arisings esp. NORM waste 8

9 The fundamentals? Ensuring proper protection of people and the environment: Justification of practices Optimisation Dose Limitation A higher levels of exposure is acceptable from NORM than for radiation from the use of artificial radioactivity before regulation is necessary Broadly, a threshold of 300 usv/yr vs 10 usv/yr 9

10 Challenges Clarity of expectations Current framework is complex / impenetrable Public / industry understanding Lack of consistency in what is deemed safe Maximising best value from radioactive waste management Lack of integration of wastes reduces opportunity to incentivise supply chain and to delivery national economy of scale solutions Risk management Greater risk of orphan wastes / mis-management and loss of knowledge / capability 10

11 National Policy, Strategy & Legislation European International Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management IAEA Radiation Protection and Safety Standards UNSCEAR ICRP EURATOM OSPAR Convention Paris and Brussels Conventions IAEA Code of Conduct on the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources (2004) Recommendation 2010/635/Euratom on the application of Art 37. Directive (2003) 2003/122/ EURATOM HASS Directive 2011/70/ Euratom Community Framework for safe mgmt of SF & RW Council Directive 96/29 /EURATOM (BSSD) Council Directive 2013/ 59 /EURATOM (BSSD) Directive 2006/117/ EURATOM on the supervision and control of shipments of RW and SF Regulation 1493/93/ Euratom on shipments of r/a substances between MS Directive 2009/71/ Euratom Community framework for nuc safety of NIs Energy Act 2004 (includes decom policy) Environment Act 1995 EPR 2010 Sch 23 (RSA93) H&SWA 1974 IRR99 NIA65 NIR71 REPPIR2001 Energy Act 2008 (funding) The TFS of RW and SF Regs 2008 Energy Act 2013 EPA 1990 SI 2006 No The Export of R/a Sources (Control) Order JoPIIR 2004 MRWS WP (2008) Implementing Geological Disposal WP (2014) Cm2919 Review of RWM Policy (1995) Statutory Guidance (2009) UK Strategy for Radioactive Discharges (2009) Cm5552 Managing the Nuclear Legacy (2002) Meeting the Energy Challenge (2008) includes SNF policy ILW substitution (2004) LLW Policy (2007) Decom Policy (2004) EPA 1990: Part IIA Radioactive Con Land Statutory Guidance (2012) Policy on Pu management (2011) Nuclear LLW Strategy (2016) Non - Nuclear LLW Strategy (2012) NORM Waste strategy (2014) UK RWI Pu and U disposition NB. Source unknown

12 Improving Radioactive Waste Infrastructure? Characterisn Successful management of both nuclear and non-nuclear radioactive wastes rely on the same components of infrastructure - and public confidence Disposal capacity Packaging Enabled by: Waste Leadership & Governance R&D Transport Inventory & Information management Skilled workforce Funding / Commercial contracts Import / Export Treatment Communication & Engagement Footer text 12

13 Summary Non-nuclear radioactive waste management important to a range of industries dealt with differently to nuclear radioactive wastes Current expectations (international / domestic) are complex Opportunity exists to improve oversight and integration, and best value in waste management 13

14 Regulatory Framework for Non-Nuclear Radioactive Waste Disposal Dr Juliet Long Head of Legacy and Waste Issues, Environment Agency, UK May 2017 NEA Workshop on the Management of Non-nuclear radioactive waste, Legnaro, Italy (2-4 May 2017)