IKATAN ALUMNI SIPIL FTUI

Transcription

1 Supported by: King s College London 2 4October 2015 COMPOST-PLANT SORP-PHYTOREMEDIATION: WASTE-WASHING WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH COMPOST-BASED ACTIVATED CARBON TOWARDS TOTAL ZERO WASTE F.M. Iresha MRF Zero Waste Indonesia fajri.resha@gmail.com G.M.I. Afiata Environmental Engineering Study Program Universitas Indonesia ghanismahdiana@gmail.com by: Sunartriasih Environmental Engineering Study Program Universitas Indonesia nartri.itd@gmail.com Z.A. Syahidah Ministry of Public Work and Housing zahraauliasyahidah@yahoo.co.id A. Fauzan Environmental Engineering Study Program Universitas Indonesia afauzan3363@gmail.com Sponsored by: IKATAN ALUMNI SIPIL FTUI Delegation of Environmental Engineering, Universitas Indonesia

2 INTRODUCTION: OVERVIEW Implementing Sustainable Development Concept in Indonesia: Assessing and Advancing Innovative Solutions and Strategies ENVIRON MENT = PLANET TOTAL ZERO WASTE MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE SOCIAL = PEOPLE ECONOMY = PROFIT ORGANIC WASTE INORGANIC WASTE HOW? TREATED WATER COMPOSTING COMPOST RECYCLE 3W REUSE 1

3 INTRODUCTION: OVERVIEW Commingled Waste Inorganic Waste Organic Waste 2

4 INTRODUCTION: OVERVIEW Material Category of Material (major examples) Treatment Requirement Production By-product generation Organic Degradable (food waste, yard waste, toilet paper, cardboard, etc.) Composting process Composting basin, water Compost Leachate Inorganic Reusable (plastic, iron and ribbonmade material, etc.) Recyclable (plastic, iron-made material, etc.) Cleaning, repairing, crafting Washing, shredding, recycling water, tools, paint, etc. water, waste shredder New goods Shredded materials Waste-washing Wastewater (3W) Waste-washing Wastewater (3W) - Compost is carbonaceous material - Compost is more thermally stable (Tsui Lo, 2007) - COMPOST CAN BE ACTIVATED CHEMICALLY to be made ACTIVATED CARBON - Government obligation and prioritization to treat organic waste in UPS - More compost produced that leads to compost excessive (UPS Merdeka) Harmful to environment, due to toxicity potentials 3

5 CBAC Reactor EXPERIMENTAL STEPS METHODS Activated Carbon - Compost - Technical CaCl 2 - Distilled water - Metal can and spoon - Oven (up to 500 C) - 1L beaker glass - Red soil, Fine and coarse graded gravel, cottons - Typha latifolia plants - two 600 ml used-bottles 1. Enough compost was prepared and set in household oven until the char made gr CaCl2 and 750 ml distilled were prepared and mixed into a 1L Beaker glass 3. 25% CaCl2 was poured into compost chars for 24 hours 4. The activated compost was dried in oven until dried out 5. Compost based activated carbon was ready to set out 4

6 RESULTS 5

7 RESULTS 6

8 DISCUSSION 7

9 DISCUSSION Comparison for visual turbidity of samples; (a) CPSP reactor, (b) Phytoremediation reactor, (c) AC reactor, and (d) Waste-washing wastewater (3W) Waste-washing and grinding process in MRF Zero Waste COMPOST CHAR USAGE AND ADVANTAGES 1. Maximising all function of waste processes for organic and inorganic waste 2. Reducing more energy used for conventional carbon active making (only 200 to 250 C) 3. Combating harmful contaminants in the environment 4. Decreasing the use of clean groundwater 8

10 DISCUSSION HOW THIS RESEARCH CONTRIBUTES TO TOTAL ZERO WASTE? 1. Encouraging more household unit (person, family, etc) to sort waste according to its category 2. Adding more usability or function to compost apart from its purpose for being soil fertilizer 3. Proving the hypothesis that the product of organic solid waste treatment (compost) can be used to treat the byproduct of inorganic solid waste treatment (3Ws) 4. Expanding more researches and practical works to find more effective way to create activated carbon by sustainable way from sustainable precursor 5. Empowering the city and/or country to manage the sustainable waste management due to total zero waste 9

11 REFERENCES ABDUL-AHAD, MUNA Y. (2008). Design Criteria of An Activated Carbon Bed for Dechlorination of Water. Iraqi Journal Petroleum Engineering. Vol.9 No. 4 (December 2008) BRAMONO, SANDHY E. (2015). Teknologi Pengolahan Sampah Organik. [Guest Lecture]. Universitas Indonesia, Auditorium, Room K-301, 24 th March CAMERON CARBON INCORPORATED. (2006). Activated Carbon Manufacture, Structure & Properties. [Online]. Available from [Accessed: 17 th March, 2015] DALAHMEH, S.S., et al. (2012). Efficiency of bark, activated charcoal, foam and sand filters in reducing pollutants from greywater. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, DAVIS, MACKANZIE L. (2010). Water and Wastewater Engineering: Design Principles and Practice. USA: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. (2001). Engineering and Design: Adsorption Design Guide. Design Guide No , 1 March 2001 DIAZ, L. F., SAVAGE, G. M., GOLUEKE, C. G. (2002).Composting of Municipal Solid Wastes. In: Tchobanoglous, G., Keith, F. (eds). Handbook of Solid Waste Management (Second Edition). USA: McGraw- Hill Companies, Inc. DVORAK, BRUCE I., SKIPTON, SHARON O. (2013). Drinking Water Treatment: Activated Carbon Filtration. Water Resource Management Drinking Water. University of Nebraska-Lincoln. EUROPEAN COUNCIL OF CHEMICAL MANUFACTURES FEDERATIONS. (1986). Test Methods for Activated Carbon. [Online] Geneva: CEFIC [Accessed: 17 th March, 2015] KHARATHANASIS, A.D., POTTER, C.L., COYNE, M.S. (2003). Vegetation effect on faecal bacteria, BOD, and suspended solid removal in constructed wetlands treating domestic wastewater. [Online]. 20 (2003) Available from: KRISTANTO, G. A., HARTONO, D. M. (2011). Rumah Tanpa Limbah: PembuatanKompos Sederhanadan Efektif Mikroorganisma Lokal. Depok, West Java: UI Press 10

12 REFERENCES LIANG, MARK. (n.d.). Creating Activated Carbon from Food Waste (CCC Carbon Method). [Online]. Available from: Car/?ALLSTEPS LIANG, MARK. (2013). Developing Food Waste into Activated Carbon Google Science Fair [Online Video]. 26 th April. Available from: LIANG, MARK. (2013). Making Activated Carbon form Food Waste (The CCC Method). [Online Video]. 23 rd April. Available from: NIELSEN, A.M., SCHAETZ, T., (2012). Taking steps towards a phosphate-free future: Comparing the environmental impacts of alternative builder systems with enzymes. HPC TODAY customers' publications Industry perspective: Denmark. PEEL, R. G., BENEDEK, A. (1983). Biodegradation and Adsorption within Activated Carbon Adsorbers. Water Pollution Control Federation. [Online] Vol. 55,No. 9, Annual Conference Issue, pp Available from: SCOTTMEISTER, U., et al. (2003). Effect of plant and microorganism in constructed wetlands for wastewater itreatment. [Online]. 22, Available from: TCHOBANOGLOUS, GEORGE. (1993). Integrated Solid Waste Management. USA: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. TCHOBANOGLOUS, G., BURTON, F. L., STENSEL, H. D. (2003). Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse F(Fourth Edition). USA: Metcalf & Eddy Inc., McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. TSUI, LO., ROY, W. R. (2008). The potential applications of using compost chars for removing the hydrophobic herbicide atrazine for solution. Bio resource Technology. [Online] 90 (2008) Available from: 11

13 REFERENCES US EPA. (2000). Wastewater Technology Fact Sheet. Wetlands: Subsurface Flow. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Washington, D.C. EPA 832-F September 2000 VAUX, ROBERT. (n.d.). How to Make Activated Charcoal. [Online]. VYMAZAL, JAN. (2003). Removal of nutrients in various types of constructed wetlands. [Online]. 380, Available from: 12