European Energy Efficiency Policies. Paolo Bertoldi European Commission DG JRC

Transcription

1 European Energy Efficiency Policies Paolo Bertoldi European Commission DG JRC

2 JRC Robust science for policy making As a Directorate-General of the European Commission, the JRC provides customer-driven scientific and technical support to Community policy making Supporting citizen s security, research on energy, environment, transport, climate change, safety of food and consumer products, security, crisis management, nuclear safety and security

3 The JRC inside the European Commission President José Manuel Barroso 27 Commission Members Commissioner Mairé Geoghegan-Quinn Research, Innovation & Science Director-General Dominique Ristori, Joint Research Centre DG Research & Innovation (RTD) 7 JRC Institutes Director Giovanni De Santi JRC Institute for Energy & Transport

4 Our Structure: 7 Institutes in 5 Member States IRMM Geel, Belgium Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements ITU Karlsruhe, Germany Institute for Transuranium Elements IE Petten, The Netherlands and Ispra, Italy Institute for Energy IPSC Ispra, Italy Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen IES Ispra, Italy Institute for Environment and Sustainability IHCP Ispra, Italy Institute for Health and Consumer Protection IPTS Seville, Spain Institute for Prospective Technological Studies ~ 2750 staff ~ 345 M /y institutional budget (+ 60 M /y earned income)

5 Institute for Energy and Transport: mission Ispra, Italy Petten, The Netherlands The mission of the Joint Research Centre Institute for Energy and Transport (IET) is to provide support to Community policies and technology innovation related both: - to energy, to ensure sustainable, safe, secure and efficient energy production, distribution and use and - to transport, to foster sustainable and efficient mobility in Europe.

6 Why End-Use Energy Efficiency? EE is a key component of the EU and national climate change and security of energy supplies strategies. Economic potential for efficiency improvement of at least 20% in all the sectors. EE increase the competitiveness of organisation and the welfare of citizens. In most cases CO2 emission reductions due to end-use efficiency are at negative or low-cost and could be implemented in short time. EE can contribute to create local jobs and to boost European technologies (lighting, insulation, appliances, building control, etc.) End-use energy efficiency has also gained in importance also as alternative to new capacity. Faster to reduce demand than increase supply.

7 Climate and Energy Objectives for % EU GREENHOUSE GASES +20% ENERGY SAVING 20% RENEWABLES in final energy consumption at EU level TRANSPORT Minimum 10% RES (binding)

8 Objective: 20% EU primary energy savings in Achieving the 20% saving objective 2005: 1705 Mtoe BaU 2007 projection Old policies before 2008 Additional policies - 13 % - 20% Source: European Commission Projections PRIMES 2007 GIC-NEU (Mtoe) Statistical data ESTAT GIC-NEU (Mtoe) 20% primary energy saving objective compared to PRIMES 2007 BAU projections for linear reduction (base year 2005) Expected primary energy savings from energy efficiency policies adopted by the EU before the Nov 08 EE package - This goal is not an easy target and requires new and innovative policies and technologies Objective in 2020: 1474 Mtoe

9 EU Main Policy Actions to Achieve Energy Savings International co-operation (e.g. IEPEC) European Energy Efficiency Action Plan (EEAP) Energy Service Directive Energy Efficiency Directive Comprehensive set of Legislation EPBD Smart cities Solid State Lighting Research & Development (FP7) Policy areas Financing (through European Invest Bank, etc.) Eco-Design Energy labelling Policy Support Programmes (IEE) & energy efficiency Networks (DG ENER) European Energy Efficiency Fund (EEE F) ELENA (Covenant of Mayors)

10 Tools for the Promotion of Energy Efficiency: stick, carrot and tambourine Incentives for investments in energy efficiency Taxation Information campaigns Unification of costs and benefits and provision of energy services (ESCOs) Minimum efficiency requirements for end-use equipment and buildings Energy audits and energy management Voluntary programmes Public benefits charges and suppliers obligations Public procurement

11 Tools for the Promotion of Energy Efficiency: stick, carrot and tambourine Incentives for investments in energy efficiency Taxation Information campaigns Unification of costs and benefits and provision of energy services (ESCOs) Minimum efficiency requirements for end-use equipment and buildings Energy audits and energy management Voluntary programmes Public benefits charges and suppliers obligations Public procurement

12 Important energy saving potentials to be realised by 2020 through energy efficiency measures EU total final energy consumption in 2006: Mtoe Mtoe Households (residential) and commercial buildings (tertiary) Transport * Compared to the business as usual energy consumption projections for 2020 Source: Eurostat (2007), Wuppertal Institute (2005) Industry % share, in % 31% 28% Estimated energy saving potential by 2020* 28% 26% 25%

13 Major deliverables from ESD National Energy Efficiency Action Plans (NEEAPs) (Art. 14/2., 4.) Every three years (2007, 2011, 2014) The first NEEAP to cover the complete period! Second and third to include analysis and evaluation of the previous NEEAP + include plans to correct any mistake, lower savings Indicative target of 9% energy savings in the period 2008 to 2016 Promotion of smart meters Promotion of energy services

14 The NEEAPs under the ESD (2)

15 The new Energy Efficiency Plan (EEP) of 2011

16 Overview : Key elements of the new EEP Energy efficiency targets Sectoral energy efficiency measures Horizontal energy efficiency measures Two step approach 2011: Stringent binding energy efficiency measures and indicative national targets (set by MS in the context of Europe 2020 and their NRPs) 2013: COM to assess progress. In case of likely non achievement of EU target by 2020, COM will propose binding national targets Sectors with important energy efficiency potentials Leading role of the public sector Buildings and appliances Transport Industry (incl. energy supply) Initiatives facilitating energy efficiency Leveraging private investments through EU financing Incentives Smart grids incl. smart meters

17 Role of energy services and energy performance contracting Energy efficiency in public spending Use of energy performance contracting as a way to improve and finance energy performance improvements For additional buildings to be rented/ purchased, these should be of the best available energy performance class Renovation of public buildings Annual 3% refurbishment (by floor area) bringing the energy performance level to the level of the best 10% of the national building stock Energy services MS to provide market overviews, registries of energy services providers and model contracts

18 Next steps: Putting the Plan into practise.white Paper on Transport (adoption 28/03).New legislative proposal for on Energy Savings (most probably encompassing revision of the existing Energy Services and CHP Directives).Adoption of new ecodesign and energy labelling measures.launching of the Smart Cities and Smart Communities initiative.proposals on financing tools: budgetary discussions of 2011

19 Buildings and appliances Removing legal obstacles MS to introduce measures to address the split incentives issue according to private property Training Training and Qualification initiative to train professionals in the field of energy efficiency (BUILD UP Skills) Adaptation of national academic curricula to reflect energy efficiency qualification needs ESCOs - catalyst for renovation MS to provide market overviews, registries of energy services providers and model contracts Appliances New ecodesign measures (e.g. heating boilers, water heaters) under the current work programme New products to be covered under new work programme Analysis of option of covering systems as well as individual products

20 Industry Energy generation of heat & electricity Manufacturing industry New energy generation capacity to reflect BAT (consideration of possible future legislation, if current measures not sufficient) Integrated approach tackling heat losses from electricity & industrial production processes through CHP and DH/DC Mandatory energy audits for large companies Encouraging MS to develop information & incentives for SMEs EU support to SMEs through exchange of best practices & development of benchmarking tools Additional ecodesign measures on industrial products (option to look into systems) Energy Services as business field National energy saving obligation schemes for energy utilities

21 Consumers Adequate measures (e.g. minimum requirements on the content and format of information provision and services) to ensure that. technological innovation, including the roll-out of smart grids and smart meters fulfils the need for appropriate information for consumers. energy labels (energy performance certificates) and standards for buildings and appliances show smart grid readiness of appliances and buildings

22

23

24

25

26

27 Energy Performance of Building Directive (2002)

28

29 EPBD recast 2010 (1) a) All new build nearly zero energy buildings as of end of 2020 (public sector: end of 2018). Remaining energy need mainly covered by RES b) Directive covers now all existing buildings irrespective of their size both residential and non residential sector (previously only >1000 m2) c) Requirement for Member States to lay down min. energy performance levels for technical building systems and building elements when installed, replaced or upgraded d) Level of minimum energy performance requirements Benchmarking to achieve cost-optimal levels

30 EPBD recast 2010 (1) e) Display of Energy Performance Certificates in public buildings (decrease of threshold to 500 m 2 and 250 m 2 after 5 years) e) Strengthening the role and the quality of energy performance certificates i.a. by quality checks and obligatory use of the performance indicator in all advertisements for sale or rent f) Strengthening the role and the quality of HVAC inspections g) Stimulating financing mechanisms for energy efficiency investments in the building sector h) Exemplary role of public authorities

31 Labelling of Appliances (1) The EU adopted a Framework Appliance Energy Labelling Directive in 1992 (92/75/EEC) and revised in 2010 followed by implementing Directives for the following appliances: Cold appliances (Directive 94/2/EC of ) Clothes washers (Directive 95/12/EC of ) Clothes dryers (Directive 95/13/EC of ) Washer-dryers (Directive 96/60/EC of ) Dishwashers (Directive 97/17/EC of ) Household lamps (Directive 98/11/EC of ) Air-conditioners (Directive 2002/31/EC of ) Electric ovens (Directive 2002/40/EC of ).

32 Energy Labelling of Domestic Appliances Recently adopted (3nd generation): refrigerators and freezers Washing machines Dishwashers TVs (A+/A++/A+++)

33 Eco-Design Of Energy Using Products Directive Framework Directive Focus on energy-using products over life-cycle Complementary with Buildings and Energy Services Directive

34 Legal Basis Article 95 : Ensures free movement for the products conforming to the applicable eco-design requirements and a high level of environmental protection

35 Eco-design requirements Generic, aiming at the improvement of the overall environmental performance, focusing on environmental aspects identified in the implementing measure and/or Specific, in the form of limit values or thresholds for selected environmental aspects with a significant adverse impact on the environment

36 Ecodesign: Structure Ecodesign framework does not create immediate obligations for manufacturers but allows the Commission to do so through implementing Directives; Proposed draft implementing measures or voluntary agreements are first discussed with stakeholders in the Consultation Forum; Impact assessment precedes the submission of Commission draft measures; Implementing measures are adopted by the Commission assisted by a regulatory Committee; Stakeholders participate throughout the whole process (studies, impact assessments, preparatory discussions within the Consultation Forum);

37 Implementing measures Implementing measures are proposed for products which: represent a significant volume of sales and trade in the internal market (indicative threshold: units/year) involve a significant environmental impact and present a significant potential for improvement The entire life cycle of the product will be considered Other aspects (product performance, health&safety, impact on consumers, manufacturers competitiveness) are taken into account

38 Principles for setting requirements assure proper and timely consultation of stakeholders look for an adequate balance between the requirements envisaged, its technical/economic feasibility and appropriate adaptation deadlines and time schedules for application give due consideration to self-regulation by industry use mature methods, when available (e.g. least life cycle cost for energy consumption in use) use evidence available through other Community activities Member state legislation is taken into account when preparing implementing measures

39 Structure of the Methodology 1. PRODUCT DEFINITION, STANDARDS & LEGISLATION 2. ECONOMICS & MARKET 3. CONSUMER ANALYSIS & LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE 4. TECHNICAL ANA-LYSIS EXISTING PRODUCTS 5. DEFINITION OF BASECASE EuP EcoReport 7. IMPROVEMENT POTENTIAL 6. TECHNICAL ANALYSIS BEST AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY (BAT) 8. POLICY, IMPACT AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSES

40 Possible implementing measures Preparatory Study Significant Environmental Impacts/life cycle (Including energy) Best Available Technology (Worldwide) Improvement Potential Least Life Cycle cost Measurement requirements leading to mandates etc) Specific Eco-Design Requirements Maximum levels tolerated for CE marking Eco-Label top of the class Energy Label Voluntary Agreements when ambitious compared with Business as usual and significant share of the market EN Measuremen t Standards Revision 5-10 years depending on product group and progress of technology but staged requirements possible Dynamic but predictable to encourage improvement products while providing clarity on investments for Industry Consistent - Thresholds to be maintained (A becomes D etc.) - Reward Development of good products, compatibility of incentives

41 Eco-Design: Phase out of incandescent lighting In March 2009 the European Commission adopted the Eco-design Regulation to improve the energy efficiency of household lamps, which envisages the progressive phase-out of incandescent bulbs starting in 2009 and finishing at the end of Toady the 60 W is phased out! JRC supplied data for the phase out. Now JRC activity focus on Solid State Lighting (LED), which is very efficient

42 Product Groups State of play Date of adoption Circulators Electric motors Fans Domestic lighting I (light bulbs) Tertiary sector lighting I (lamps and ballasts) Domestic refrigeration Domestic dishwashers Domestic washing machines Imaging equipment External power supplies Standby and off-mode losses Televisions Complex set top boxes Simple set top boxes Adopted Adopted Adopted Adopted Adopted Adopted (+ labelling) Adopted (+ labelling) Adopted (+ labelling) Voluntary agreement signed Adopted Adopted Adopted (+ labelling) Voluntary Agreement signed Adopted Recommendation Recommendation

43 Motors, Fans and Pumps Motor regulation 640/2009 implementation motors outside scope Fan regulation 327/2011 Pumps vote in Regulatory Committee end of 2011 Mandates to ESOs (CEN/Cenelec): Motors - TC2 working on M/470 Drives - M/476 Fans and pumps approved by Committee 98/34 Important: extended product approach

44

45 Energy savings from industrial products Product group TWh by 2020 Mt of CO2 by 2020 Pumps 3 Fans 40 Motors 145 Total 188 ~ 100

46 Status II: new tenders on industrial products Lot 28: waste water pumps; Lot 29: big clean water pumps and pumps for swimming pools etc. Lot 30: motors not covered by 640/2009; Lot 31: compressors. Second work programme new product groups study to be finalised in October

47 Motor MEPS 16 July 2011 MEPS for power range 0, kw = IE2 IE efficiency level marked on the rating plate, and reported in the documentation of the product, according to the efficiency classification IEC Efficiency at 50%, 75% and full load to be reported in product documentation Member States encouraged to require IE3 efficiency level in public procurement 1 January 2015 MEPS for power range 7,5 370 kw = IE3 or the IE2 level if fitted with a variable speed drive 1 January 2017 MEPS for power range 07,5 370 kw = IE3 or the IE2 level if fitted with a variable speed drive

48 Pump definition, scope and exclusions l Types of pumps for clean water duty: - End suction water pumps (ESOB, ESCC, ESCCi) - Vertical multistage water pumps - Submersible multistage pumps - Pumps with special features excluded Covers all pumps placed on the market and/or put into service, including when they are parts incorporated into other EuPs

49 Pump Eco-design requirements a) : - energy efficiency requirement: MEI=10% value will apply (i.e. remove worst 10% of pumps from the market) - product information requirement: top 20% most efficient pumps to be indicated as 'best in class' = benchmark ( design proposals from industry?) - Member States encouraged to implement MEI=40% efficiency level in public procurement b) : - energy efficiency requirement: MEI=40% cut-off values will apply (ie remove worst 40% of pumps from the market)

50 JRC Activities in Energy Efficiency The JRC Energy Efficiency Activities are focused on policy support on: Efficiency in Buildings: support to the EPBD Directive, GreenBuilding and GreenLight Programmes; Efficiency in Products (appliances, lighting, ICT, motors): support for Energy Labelling, Eco-design, Energy Star, Codes of Conduct for ICT; Policy analysis: support for the Energy Service Directive, analysis of the National Energy Efficiency Action Plans, monitoring the energy savings towards the 2020 target; City/local level implementation (Covenant of Mayors) and large demonstration projects (Smart Cities);

51 JRC European Programmes in Buildings GreenLight EC Voluntary initiative to reduce lighting energy use in the commercial and industrial sector and street lighting. today: 670 partners, 285 GWh/year GreenBuilding EC voluntary programme through which companies commit to energy efficiency measures in non-residential buildings (new buildings and retrofits). Winners of the GreenLight 2011 Awards today: 293 partners, 430 buildings, 333 GWh/year Winners of the GreenBuilding 2011 Awards

52 Example (Souroti - MCP winner) Installation of 2 new VSD air compressors The differential cost between 2 conventional air compressors and 2 VSD air compressors controlled by Inverter was 60,000 For 2 new air compressors the energy savings are of MWh/yr with economic benefits of 28,164 /yr The Payback Period is 27 months!! Why not all the companies are making these kind of investments in motor systems?? European Motor Challenge Programme

53 EU Codes of Conduct for ICT EU Codes of Conduct for ICT Led by JRC, flexible mechanism to initiate and develop policy; Forum for industry, experts, and Member States; Ambitious voluntary standards and commitments Since 2002 Codes of Conduct on: - External power supply units - Digital TV services - Broadband - Uninterruptible power supplies - Data Centres (includes Data Centres in Dublin)

54 Example: the Covenant of Mayors Covenant of Mayors More than 2700 cities committed to reduce CO2 emission by more than 20% by JRC s support: - methodologies and guidelines for Sustainable Energy Plans (SEAP) and emission inventories; - assistance to cities to develop SEAPs, assessment of the SEAP submitted and monitoring their implementation. Covenant of Mayors Signatories

55 Thank you for your attention