Transition to a sustainable city : Seoul's experience

Transcription

1 Transition to a sustainable city : Seoul's experience Pranab Baruah, PhD, MBA, LEED AP Principal Specialist China-Japan Policy Workshio September 7, 2017, Beijing

2 Global Green Growth Institute ( gggi.org ) Help govt. in green policy & planning Enable green investment flows ~200 full-time staff 27 member countries Projects in 4 thematic & cross-cutting areas Share knowledge & develop capacity Thought leadership (research & advocacy) 2

3 Green growth achieves NDC and SDG goals GHG emissions reduction Clean affordable energy Reduced air pollution Green growth Enhanced adaptation to climate change Waste mngt. services Improved sanitation Public transportation Access to sustainable services Adequate supply of ecosystem services Creation of green jobs 3

4 Climate action can meet SDG goals Climate goal/ NDC can serve as an 'umbrella' instrument for clean and green development policies Source: WRI 4

5 Seoul evolved itself dramatically over past decades Seoul grew around Cheongyecheon (clear water stream) and its tributaries By 1950s (after the Korean war), it was carrying sewage, and was a symbol of poverty and filth Mayor Lee Myung Bak came to office in 2001 and by 2005 in was transformed. At the same time, a bus rapid system with dedicated bus lanes was created, capable of transporting 100,000+ drivers that used the free way In 1970s, a 4-lane freeway was built above it that symbolised Korea's industrialisation. It became a noisy 5 and shabby industrial area in following decades

6 Urbanization and Economic Growth in Seoul 2.40 Population in million Housing in 10,000 Vehicles in 10,000 (306 in 2015) (1960) (1980) (1990) (2010) (1960) (1980) (2000) (2010) (1960) (1980) (1990) (2010) Urban sprawl Source: Seoul statistics Source : SMG and Prof. Y. Choi

7 Evolution of Seoul to achieve high quality of life Source: SMG; WB Database

8 Climate change policies are key drivers of Seoul's transformation towards a city with high quality of life and a leader in sustainability Apr Jan Seoul Declaration of Environmental friendly Energy (reduce GHG emissions by 25% below 1990 level in 2020) Sep Ordinance on Tackling Climate Creation of Change (GHG emissions goal and Climate Change architecture Fund (financing for standard) public support Jan Apr Data source : SMG and Prof. Y. Choi Master-plan for Low Carbon Green Growth (reduce GHG emissions by 40% by 2030 below 1990 level; energy use reduction by 20% below 2000 level; new and renewable energy to 20% by 2020) "One Less Nuclear Power Plant" (phase 1) (A practical yet future oriented energy policy taking into account the city's context. Goal : reduce consumption of 2 mil ToE of electricity by 2014 end, same amount produced by a nuclear power plant) 8

9 "One Less Nuclear Power Plant" phase 1 Goal met ahead of schedule Between , Seoul's electricity consumption dropped 4%, while national consumption increased 4.9% Contributed to job creation in PV sector etc. by attracting ~$600 mil. in private investments; domestic LED industry boosted; energy designers working on BRP projects formed co-ops for further ventures in commercial sectors ToE Local BRP: Building Retrofit Program Source : SMG 9

10 Eco-mileage program...capturing potential of energy conservation through citizen engagement Sign-ups Incentives to households and organisations who voluntarily cut back on electricity, gas, water, heating use per month by at least 10% compared to average of previous two years Established at the request of civic societies Targets households and businesses two biggest emitters accounting for ~65% of GHG emissions Changed measurement system that encourages continuous energy conservation City monitors the energy use energy consumption data sent to participants Efficient households get mileage that can be used to buy various energy saving products Apartments or commercial buildings get grant subsidies for upgrade to high efficiency facilities MoU with large/medium companies that provide energy efficiency products Fiscal burden managed with issuance of credit and debit cards Source : SMG Incentives received 10

11 Building Retrofit Program A highly successful program in a not-so-easy sector with high uptake in private buildings Covers support to wide range of measures from insulation, lighting, HVAC, BEMS to renewable energy such as PV and hydrogen fuel cells Supported by "Seoul Climate Change Fund" (~$66 million): revenues coming from gas companies etc.; low interest rate (1.45% in 2016) Enhanced the participation of ESCOs Energy saved (ToE) Installations Source : SMG 11

12 "One Less Nuclear Power Plant" phase 2 Aligned with Second National Energy Basic Plan Source : SMG 12

13 Cities would need to take lead to meet national NDC and SDG goals Seoul' experience demonstrates that leadership, clear goal and action plan, and multi-stakeholder participation are key to the transition to sustainability Targets aligned with national and/or global goals (e.g. NDC, 2 deg mitigation target) Roadmap with specific/ prioritised measures that maximise QoL cobenefits Share learnings and best-practices to accelerate the transition elsewhere Create ways to attract private sector (and intl.) financing, and create local jobs 13

14 Ulaanbaatar City's climate mitigation and adaptation plan GGGI is supporting UB City to translate the mitigation target in NDC to a realistic and achievable UB city-level target, and develop an associated UB city climate investment plan. Potential contribution of UB city to national mitigation target is estimated to be ~ 50%, with specific contributions from measures such as building energy efficiency, heat & electricity transmission losses, and efficient CHPs for electricity/heat production etc. 14

15 Partnerships that support countries with their development and implementation of NDCs under the Paris Agreement Governance Implementation of Targets MRV Financing Capacity Building Knowledge Sharing Policy/regulatory integration and alignment Structures and coordination mechanisms to implement NDC Capacity of countries climate diplomacy NDC implementation roadmaps and plans Sectoral policies and incentives (energy, green cities, land-use and water). MRV systems development Mobilize domestic and international resources National Financial Vehicles Project pipeline and Bankable projects Access to clean technologies Carbon trading support Capacity through training, tools and methodologies Sharing best practices, success stories etc. from/with multi-stakeholders incl. private sectors 15

16 Thank You Dr. Pranab Baruah Follow our Activities on Facebook and Twitter