FHWA Mobile Concrete Lab Program. Illinois Tollway Open House: Sustainable Concrete Paving Practices August 20, 2013

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1 FHWA Mobile Concrete Lab Program Illinois Tollway Open House: Sustainable Concrete Paving Practices August 20, 2013

2 Mission Tech Transfer to SHA s Field demos on active projects Equipment loan Training of staff Conferences and workshops Focus currently on: Nondestructive/In-situ Tests Long Life Pavements MEPDG/AASHTO ME Design QA/QC

3 Technology Conventional QC Tests Nondestructive/In-situ Tests Durability Related Tests

4 Technology Conventional QC Tests Fresh Concrete Tests Strength (comp, flex, split) Elastic Modulus, Poisson Ratio NDT/In-situ Tests Durability Related Tests

5 Technology Conventional QC Tests Nondestructive/In-situ Tests Durability Related Tests

6 Nondestructive/In-situ Tests Pavement Thickness Dowel Bar Alignment Ultra Sonic Pulse Echo Maturity Match Cure Tensile Bond Strength

7 MIT SCAN T2 A faster, cheaper and non-destructive method to measure pavement thickness

8 MIT SCAN T2

9 Magnetic tomography technology MIT SCAN 2 Designed specifically for measuring dowel bar position and alignment

10 MIT SCAN 2 A method to evaluate dowel bar: Horizontal & vertical alignment Depth Side shift Spacing A means to predict joint performance

11 MIT SCAN 2 Problem Joints Typical Joint

12 Ultrasonic Pulse Echo - MIRA 1 pair per measurement 45 pair per measurement

13 MIRA Defect Detection Delamination Pavement-Base Interface poor consolidation/voids

14 MIRA Rebar Location D e p t h left bar middle bar right bar Pointing towards center of lane Pointing towards longitudinal joint

15 MIRA - Applications Applications Concrete cover depth Layer thickness Detection of delamination Internal defect detection Material properties PCC strength/stiffness HMA density

16 Maturity Method M = o Σ t (T-T o ) t Lab Field Temperature M Lab Temperature MField time time When M field = M lab, the strengths are the same

17 Maturity Method Laboratory Calibration Field Monitoring 3000 PSI Maturity (ASTM C 1074) When the maturity reaches this value, we can reliably say that the in-place strength is 3000 PSI

18 Maturity Meters

19 Match Cure Estimate In-place Strength of Concrete

20 Match Cure

21 Technology Conventional QC Tests Nondestructive/In-situ Tests Durability Related Tests

22 Durability Related Tests Rapid Chloride Permeability Test Surface Resistivity Meter Air Void Analyzer Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Calorimetry/Heat Signature HIPERPAV

23 Concrete Permeability Tests RCPT SR Meter Concrete ability to resist chloride ion penetration

24 Rapid Chloride Permeability (RCP) Test DAY 1 DAY 2 DAY 3 Sample Cutting Cell Formation Desiccation Epoxy Application Test

25 Surface Resistivity (SR) Meter

26 Surface Resistivity (SR) Meter RCP (Coulombs)

27 Freeze-Thaw Durability Entrained air (4.0% - 8.0%) Which situation is more desirable?

28 Freeze-Thaw Durability How do we characterize the air? ASTM C-457 Volume of Air Spacing Factor Specific Surface too late!

29 Air Void Analyzer (AVA) Measurement on FRESH concrete Sample at plant or on-site Takes about 20 minutes Allows for mixture adjustments

30 Air Void Analyzer (AVA)

31 Air Void Analyzer (AVA) Cement paste sample placed in a viscous liquid Air bubbles are released and rise to the surface Air Bubbles Large bubbles rise faster than small ones Cement Paste

32 Air Void Analyzer (AVA) Countertop unit Easy sampling On-site At plant minute test Immediate results Allows for mixture adjustments

33 Air Void System Other Tests Freeze-Thaw Super Air Meter (SAM) ASTM C 457

34 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) Why test CTE? Affects joint opening Affects sub-base restraint Affects curling Crack spacing and crack width (CRCP) CTE is primarily a function of: Aggregate type (carbonate, silicious) Reported in units of in/in/ F

35 Effect of CTE on Predicted Cracking

36 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) CTE (Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, AASHTO T336) 50 C 10 C

37 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) CTE (Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, AASHTO T336) 50 C 10 C

38 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Submersible Non-Submersible

39 Heat Signature / Calorimetry Optimize Mixture materials and proportions Identify potential adverse interactions Troubleshoot field problems Screen and QC Raw Materials Reduce overtime to perform set times Compare Competitive Materials

40 Heat Signature / Calorimetry No Flyash??

41 What does HIPERPAV HIPERPAV do? Compares early-age pavement strengths and stresses to determine if cracking is likely Magnitude of Stress or Strength Strength Critical Stress Magnitude of Stress or Strength Cracking! Time since Construction Time since Construction Free download :

42 Technology About sharing information Improve US infrastructure Improve quality Increase durability Minimize failure potential Lower overall cost

43 Customer Service Publish reports, journals, proceedings Conference/showcase presentations Provide speakers Specialized workshops Technical assistance

44 FHWA QA WORKSHOP Quality in the Concrete Paving Process

45 Sources of Variability Material Process Sampling Testing Composite Variability

46 Testing Monitor mixture quality during production and react to changes Gradation Slump Unit weight Air content Microwave water content Strength Permeability

47 Quality in the Concrete Paving Process Step 1 Field Step 2 Workshop Quality in the Concrete Paving Process Arizona 2013

48 Agenda Workshop Introduction Module 1: Quality Assurance Concepts Module 2: Materials and Characteristics for Quality Pavement Why Module 3: Pre-Paving and Mix Production Module 4: Paving Module 5: Utilizing Quality Concepts Module 6: Quality in Field Practice How What Both contractors and agency personnel!

49 Contacts Interested in our services? Contact either: FHWA Division Office FHWA Resource Center Mobile Concrete Laboratory Directly Gary Crawford (202) Jim Grove (515) Jagan Gudimettla (202)

50 Gary Crawford Federal Highway Administration (202)

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