Report on. Ho Chi Minh City Osaka City Cooperation Project. for Developing Low Carbon City

Transcription

1 FY2014 Project to Support the Large-Scale Formation of JCM Programs to Realize Low-Carbon Societies in Asia Report on Ho Chi Minh City Osaka City Cooperation Project for Developing Low Carbon City March 2015 Global Environment Centre Foundation (GEC)

2 Ⅰ. Summery

3 1. Summary of Operations 1.1 Objectives As a foundation for heretofore study results and memorandums related to the cooperation among municipal bodies in regards to the conception of a low-carbon city under the efforts of JCM with the mayor of Osaka City and Ho Chi Minh City, we shall discover and build JCM s large-scale initiatives as a package in total and export the system that integrates the administration structure and the remarkable environmental technology owned by Osaka city, we shall consolidate the operation and maintenance framework that forms the master plan of a low-carbon city and the launching of a cooperation between two cities that supports the large-scale developments of JCM s initiatives in an organized and systematic way, we shall plan for the low carbonization of Ho Chi Minh City that currently has concerning environmental issues based on the three goals in the implementation of operations for This shall be the model for other Asian megacities that are also experiencing the same issues. 1.2 Operation Outline The operation outline is as follows. Assistance for climate change action plan Action on JCM feasibility study of project conception (that includes JCM methodology and the creation of the project design documents (PDD) (1) Introduction of energy-saving technology for buildings (2) Promotion to convert to eco-friendly and park-and-ride buses Implementation of public and private organizations Launching of symposiums (1) Orientation session at Ho Chi Minh on JCM and this Project (2) JCM symposium with Osaka-city and Ho Chi Minh -city Public relations activities Cooperation on related operations (1) Report and attendance on domestic progress debriefing sessions (2 nd launching by MOE) (that includes the creation of necessary documents) (2) Announcement and attendance of domestic meetings held before the launch of workshops at targeted locations (that includes the creation of necessary documents) (3) Presentations at meetings designated by MOE (that does not include (1) and (2)) (that includes presentations and booth showcases) Once annually within Japan (once in the Kanto district) Once annually abroad (once in South America) - 1 -

4 1.3 Workflow The workflow is as follows. Overall Plans of the Research Research on the Potential of Conception (Development of JCM methodology, creation of PDD) Review on the Climate Change Action Plan, Assistance Working, Field Research, Conference, Training Review over the Committee s Approval on the JCM Methodology Coordination among Municipals Coordination among Public and Private Sectors Dialogues with City Mayors Coordination of Research Results Overall Meetings for Domestic Partners, Workshops (Debriefing Sessions) Chart: Operation Workflow 1.4 Implementation System GEC, a public interest corporated foundation supported and launched joint conventions between the Osaka Headquarter of Support for the Development of a Low-Carbon City and Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Committee (that includes 1 workshop and 2 review-working meeting). Information in regards to the development and implementation of JCM projects in Ho Chi Minh City is shared among the Team Osaka consortium while carrying out feasibility studies by Nikken Sekkei Research Institute (NSRI) and Shimizu Corporation, creation of GHG inventories (that depict the actual conditions) by the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) for the design of the climate change action plans in Ho Chi Minh City, applications of AIM models and future prospects by the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) and the creation of comprehensive proposals that include measures by Chuo Fukken Consultants to achieve reduction targets. To carry out the mentioned activities, the cooperation from Japan International Corporation Agency (JICA Kansai), New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Japan External Trade Organization (Jetro) s Ho Chi Minh City s administrators and Kansei Economic Federation (Kankeiren) has been obtained

5 HCMC Climate Change Steering Board Osaka City (Cosponsor) Osaka Steering Board for Developing Low Carbon City Global Environmental Center Foundation (GEC) Working Group of the Climate Change Action Plan (Office: GEC) Conferences (Osaka City/GEC) [JICA Kansai] [NEDO] [JETRO s Ho Chi Minh Office] [Kansai Economic Federation] Feasibility Study on Conception JCM Methodolody PDD Creation (Shimizu Corporation, Nikken Sekkei Research Institute) (Co-Proposer) Assistance to the Climate Change Action Plan (IGES, NIES, Chuo Fukken Consultants) (GEC subcontractors) Osaka Team Consortium (Hitachi Zosen Corporation, K. K. Satisfactory International, Kobelco Eco-Solutions, Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley) [Observers: J-CODE, Daikin, Ogawa Electrical] Chart: Implementation System of This Operations - 3 -

6 2. Support for Climate Change Action Plan The effects on climate change based on the geographical features of Ho Chi Minh City, the direction within Vietnam and in the international scene on the actual conditions of the climate change were summarized. Firstly, we have gathered information on the GHG emission condition in Ho Chi Minh City and created an inventory on the amount of GHG emission in a year in Ho Chi Minh City. The creation of the GHG inventory took into consideration the condition of GHG emission in Osaka City and the condition of emission of other departments and the experience of creating the direction as written in the [Osaka City Global Warming Countermeasures Action Plan] that was formulated by Osaka City and the information on the maintenance of measures, policies and necessary systems will be shared with Ho Chi Minh City. Based on the actual conditions in Ho Chi Minh City and the above-mentioned GHG inventory, the Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan (proposal) has included reduction targets on the emission amount of GHG and stated reference years and annual targets. In regards to the future forecasts of the emission amount of GHG, together with the use of a climate change simulation model and the cooperation with NIES that has promoted the use of the model in developing nations (and provided the necessary skill developments for such purpose), conferences at Ho Chi Minh City were organized, that were directed at decisions on annual targets and how to achieve them, with much deliberation with Ho Chi Minh City towards the practical use of the results of future forecasts based on the Asia Pacific Integrated Model (AIM). In regards to the climate change measures and its enforcement, conferences with Ho Chi Minh City have been held, 10 areas; land use planing, energy, transportation, waste management, water management, agriculture, healthcare, industry, construction and tourism were reviewed and listed systematically. In addition, issues on the quality of Japanese technology and systems, applicable financial schemes and work applications were discussed that were related to the conception of JCM project to introduce the model project that utilizes JCM into immediate strategic fields that were decided during conferences with Osaka City and Ho Chi Minh City. Such contents were used to create action plans (proposals) and to carry out detailed reviews during the Working Grooup Meetings (5 times in Ho Chi Minh City) that comprise of relevant participants. The action plan is expected to be approved in Vietnam within 2015 but meanwhile much support is still needed till the approval has been given. In addition, to carry out the policies of the Climate Change Action Plan effectively in Ho Chi Minh City, invitations from Japan (that consists of 2 officers from Ho Chi Minh City every time) and opportunities to organize field working sessions will be utilized. Training in creating GHG inventories, estimates on future GHG emission amount based on AIM s activities, climate change action plans based on the experience of implementing the [Action Plan for Osaka City s Countermeasures against Global Warming] will be carried out to train the necessary human resources in Ho Chi Minh City

7 2.1 Review-Working Meetings (1) Outline In regards to the plans of the Climate Change Action Plan (Proposal) as shown below, further studies have been carried out at Review-Working Meetings (in which 5 were in Ho Chi Minh City) that comprise of relevant participants. Also, the action plan is expected to be approved in Vietnam within 2015 but meanwhile, much support is still needed still the approval has been given. Table Outline on the Hosting of Review-Working Meetings Meeting Date Attendees Kick-off Meeting 1 st Working Group Meeting 2 nd Working Group Meeting Field Research Field Research 13 th (Tuesday) - 15 th (Thursday) May th (Tuesday) - 11 th (Friday) July th (Tuesday) - 22 nd (Friday) August rd (Monday) - 4 th (Tuesday) November th (Thursday) - 10 th (Wednesday) December 2014 Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau and other related department and agencies Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau and other related department and agencies Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau and other related department and agencies Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau and other related department and agencies 2.2 Training in Japan for Ho Chi Minh City Officials For Ho Chi Minh City Official, training in Japan was conducted as follow. [Objectives]: To facilitate the planning of Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan, this training program focuses on the creation of future forecasts on GHG emission amount and annual GHG emission amount inventories that utilize AIM. It is also in line with the aim to realize the climate change action plan that is considered necessary for the future of Ho Chi Minh City. In regard to the format of this training, the core of the training will be lectures conducted by Japanese professionals but there will also be classes and discussion that encourage the trainees to participate and be involved independently in the planning of the climate change action plan and to develop their skills

8 [Content]: Date Training Content Venue 2 nd June (Monday) 3 rd June (Tuesday) 4 th June (Wednesday) 5 th June (Thursday) 6 th June (Friday) Introduction on the activities held at the Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research at the National Institute for Environmental Studies Introduction on AIM study cases Introduction on the AIM End Course Model Introduction on the ExSS Model Adoption of AIM for a Low-Carbon Asia Adoption of AIM for Japan and Malaysia Introduction on the AIM Impact Analysis Introduction on the AFOLU Model Introduction on the Household Model Hands-on practice on the ExSS Model Hands-on practice on the PDCA Model Easing measures on climate change in Ho Chi Minh City Overall deliberation National Institute for Environmental Studies Adoption of AIM for Ho Chi Minh City Kyoto University Data collection and management for GHG Inventories [International Symposium on Climate Change and Waste] Points in the planning of a climate change action plan Overall deliberation Osaka City - 6 -

9 2.3 Climate Change Action Plan (Draft) Climate Change Action Plan (Draft) was developed on the basis of following draft structure as a result of disucussion with Ho Chi Minh City. The conclusion of the Climate Change Action Plan is expected to be in September 2015, with the aim of being approved by the end of 2015 to facilitate a smooth conclusion, continuous support is expected. <The Draft Structure for Climate Change Action Plan> 1. Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Necessity 1.3 Purpose 1.4 Scope 2. Legal Framework & Policy and Implementation Period 2.1 Legal Basis 2.2 Upper Level Plan 2.3 Target Years 3. City Outlook and Related Plans 3.1 City Outlook 3.2 Related Plans 4. Past Activities for Climate Change 4.1 Implementation Status of National Missions 4.2 Implementation Status of International Cooperation Missions 4.3 Implementation Status of Climate Change Countermeasures 5. Current Situations and Future Prospects of Climate Change 5.1 Current Climate Change Conditions in Ho Chi Minh City 5.2 Future Prospects of Climate Change in Ho Chi Minh City 6. Plan Targets 6.1 Targets for Adaptation Measure Implementation 6.2 Targets for Adaptation Measure Implementation 7. Measures To Achieve Targets 7.1 Philosophy on Implementation Policy in Ho Chi Minh City 7.2 Measures in 10 Sectors - 7 -

10 8. Climate Change Countermeasures by Area 8.1 Philosophy on Implementation Policy by Area 8.2 Measures for Different Areas 9. Specific Projects 9.1 Specific Projects by Area 10. Implementation of Action Plan 10.1 Financial Resources 10.2 Progress Management 10.3 Implementation Structure 3. The Implementation of JCM Project s Feasibility Study Through the early implementation of expected projects, feasibility studies related to the following 3.1 and 3.2 initiatives that have a high probability in developing later similar initiatives were implemented. In the event of carrying out a subject project as a JCM project and the creation of Project Design Documents (PDD) and developments of applicable JCM methodology (like the creation of settings on eligibility criteria requirements, specification and calculation of reference emission amount, calculation of project emission amount, establishment on monitoring methods, settings of a default value and preconfigured value that is needed for the calculation and assessment on the reduction of emission amount, calculation sheets (Excel spreadsheets) Introduction of Building Energy Saving Technologies (1) Outline of the Project Electricity consumption in Vietnam skyrocketing at a rate of approximately 14% a year in line with economic development and improvement of living standards, and civilian uses account for roughly 40% of this consumption. Ho Chi Minh City accounts for 20% of all power consumed in Vietnam, and approximately 20% of this is consumed in office buildings, commercial facilities and the like. Introducing energy saving technologies to such buildings will help promote energy saving, reduce GHG emissions, extend the useful life of buildings, and contribute to environmental preservation. The project, which targets an office building and hotel, etc. with total floor area of around 20,000m 2, aims to save energy and reduce GHG emissions through combining advanced Japanese products and technologies that were identified as promising technologies last fiscal year, - 8 -

11 for example, adsorption dehumidification type air conditioning, raising the temperature of air conditioning cold water, adoption of LED lights, introduction of smart BEMS and so on. (2) Identification of applicable energy saving technologies and plan for introduction Identification of applicable energy saving technologies is shown in following Table. Type of Technology Air conditioning Lighting Control Ventilatio n Table 2 Outline of Energy Saving Technologies Name of Technology Outline of Technology Desiccant air When introducing hot and humid outside air, adsorption treatment dehumidification, etc. is conducted without using a refrigerator. Raising the Temperature of the cold water used for cooling rooms can temperature of be changed from the conventional 7 C to 12 C, making it cold water possible to improve refrigerator efficiency. Individual By installing air conditioning cold water pumps on each control of cold floor, flow can be kept to a minimum and energy can be water flow in each saved. floor Adoption of Through upgrading lighting equipment to LED and also LED lights adopting human sensors, lighting energy can be greatly reduced. Smart BEMS Through monitoring energy use and conducting optimum operation of building equipment (air conditioning and electricity), energy can be saved. Adoption of For the large-capacity ventilation, on-off control of fans inverter fans for based on CO sensors, etc., and inverter capacity control can ventilation save energy consumption. (3) GHG emissions reduction effect and feasibility assessment The following table summarizes the energy saving effects that can be realized by the technologies described so far

12 Table Energy Saving Effect of Each Technology Estima Type of Technology Name of Technology Outline of Technology ted Energy Saving Effect Desiccant treatment air When incorporating hot and humid outside air, adsorption dehumidification, etc. is conducted without using a refrigerator. Air conditioning Raising the temperature of cold water Temperature of the cold water used for cooling rooms can be changed from the conventional 7 C to 12 C, and refrigerator efficiency can be increased % Floor-separate By installing air conditioning cold water control of cold water flow pumps on each floor, flow can be kept to a minimum and energy can be saved % Lighting Adoption of LED lights Through upgrading lighting equipment to LED and also adopting human sensors, lighting energy can be greatly reduced % Ventilation Adoption of inverter fans for ventilation equipment, etc. Through adopting large-capacity ventilation, starting and stopping of fans based on CO sensors, etc., and inverter capacity control, energy can be saved. 0.7% Through adopting these technologies, an energy saving effect of approximately 30% over the entire building can be anticipated. Since electric power accounts for almost all energy consumption in office buildings, the rate of reduction in electricity consumption will be translated almost directly into reduction of greenhouse gases. In the target building, annual CO 2 emissions are 4,716 t-co 2/year, and the reduction effect is estimated as follows: 4,716 t-co 2/year x30.23%= 1,426 t-co 2/year Promotion to Convert to Eco-Friendly and Park-and-Ride Buses (1) Outline of the Project 1Study background Currently, in Ho Chi Minh mass transit public transportation modes such as subways, BRT, etc. have not yet been constructed, and buses are the only current form of public transportation. Since in Ho Chi Minh the development of 1 or 2 MRT lines is proceeding but the start of operation is not planned to be until around 2020, until that time buses are an important mode of public transportation. Against this backdrop, from 2003 to 2012 Ho Chi Minh implemented plans to make their bus

13 network more comprehensive, and this achieved a certain degree of success. During this period, the focus of activities was more on improving bus services than on increasing the number of buses owned in particular. In 2002, the bus transportation capacity was 36.2 million people per year, and by 2012 this had increased to 413 million people per year. Furthermore, in 2002, the average number of passengers for the 2,100 buses owned at that time was 20.2 people per bus, but in 2013 the average number of passengers for the 2,954 buses owned had increased to 54 people per bus. At the same time, in the current situation this means that it only around 10% of the city transportation demand is being supported. Because of this, it is desirable to expand the system to handle 15% of transportation demand in 2015, and a bus transportation master plan is currently under consideration. It is important to note that in this plan, not only will the number of buses be increased, but improving bus services is also set as an important goal. As stated above, in response to the rapid increase in the number of motorcycles and cars, Ho Chi Minh is actively working to shift transportation demand to buses, and these efforts are proceeding with activities focused on not only increasing the number of buses, but also on shifting transportation modes through improving bus services. This project is for supporting the transportation policies of Ho Chi Minh, and through the introduction of new transportation policy models developed by Japan, aims to contribute to reducing the CO2 from the city's transportation sector. 2Project overview (ⅰ) Project content This project in Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam aims to reduce GHG due to commuting traffic by encouraging citizens to switch from motorcycles and cars as their main mode of commuting to buses through the introduction of i) a Park-and-Bus-Ride (hereafter referred to as "P&BR") system utilizing commercial facilities and ii) a public transportation Eco Point system. The specifics of the project are as follows: i) P&BR utilizing commercial facilities This system has been introduced by the Aeon Group in Japan, in which customers who purchase shopping tickets (generally around 3,000 to 5,000 in Japan) at the store are allowed to utilize the store's parking lot as a P&BR parking lot. In the implementation of this project, it is necessary to secure parking spaces that can serve as P&BR spaces and areas for getting on and off buses. In addition, for the purposes of store security management, it is necessary to be able to specify the motorcycle or car used by the purchaser of shopping tickets. For this purpose, P&BR users will be required to submit a "P&BR usage application form" to enable their personal information such as vehicle license plate number, home address, etc. to be known. ii) Public Transportation Eco Points A system in which users of public transportation are awarded a fixed number of Eco Points in order to encourage customers to switch to public transportation. This has also already been

14 introduced by the Aeon Group in Japan as "Green Score". For the realization of this project, it is necessary to accurately capture the public transportation usage history (date of use, number of times, etc.) and award points based on that history. This project will be initially implemented at the Ho Chi Minh Aeon Store #1 (which opened in January 2014), but since it can be expanded to wherever there is a large commercial facility in the suburbs, the aim is to expand it to other stores (for example, to the Aeon Store #2 scheduled to open in October of the same year, etc.), and even to other cities and countries. Since operators of bus services connecting P&BR stores and the city center are essential to this project, the Ho Chi Minh Transportation (hereafter referred to as "DOT") becomes a counterpart. In addition, other partners include the owner of the commercial facility providing the store parking spaces for P&BR, the Japanese companies contributing funds for operating the transportation Eco Point system, etc. Aeon Store #2 (Planned) Aeon Store #1 (Opened in January 2014) Takashimaya (Planned) Figure: Planned openings of Japanese commercial facilities in Ho Chi Minh (2) Estimation of project emission amounts The result of estimation of project emission amounts is indicated as below. Table Conditions for each scenario Scenario Price of prepaid shopping ticket Points awarded for number of times riding bus Scenario 1 100,000 VND 10,000VND/20 times Scenario 2 200,000 VND 10,000VND/20 times Scenario 3 300,000 VND 10,000VND/20 times Scenario 4 100,000 VND 20,000VND/30 times Scenario 5 200,000 VND 20,000VND/30 times Scenario 6 300,000 VND 20,000VND/30 times

15 Scenario 7 100,000 VND 30,000VND/40 times Scenario 8 200,000 VND 30,000VND/40 times Scenario 9 300,000 VND 30,000VND/40 times CO2 削減量 (tco2/ 年 ) シナリオ 1 シナリオ 2 シナリオ 3 シナリオ 4 シナリオ 5 シナリオ 6 シナリオ 7 シナリオ 8 シナリオ 削減率 (%) CO2 削減量 (tco2/ 年 ) シナリオ 1 シナリオ 2 シナリオ 3 シナリオ 4 シナリオ 5 シナリオ 6 シナリオ 7 シナリオ 8 シナリオ 削減率 (%) Figure: CO2 reduction amount/shift ratio results Figure: CO2 reduction amount/shift ratio results Table4-3 GHG emission amounts and reduction effect (Scenario3) Reference emission amounts Project emission amounts GHG reduction amount Reduction ratio Minimum 4,702.77t-CO2/yr t-CO2/yr. 5.2%/yr. 4,960.73t-CO2/yr. Maximum 4,049.10t-CO2/yr t-CO2/yr %/yr. Average 4,375.94t-CO2/yr t-CO2/yr %/yr. Note: Minimum: Proportion of persons answering "Will definitely use" Maximum: Proportion of persons answering "Will use"

16 4. Promotion of the city-to-city cooperation and the public-private cooperation Under the coordination between Ho Chi Minh City and Osaka City, through the support in planning the Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chi Minh City, as we come to know the necessary elements needed in the realization of a low-carbon Ho Chi Minh City and in sustainable development efforts, we have promoted the framework of a detailed JCM project together with the promotion of information, know-how, technology and system transfer developed, managed and owned by Osaka City. As an objective to develop JCM Project, we encourage information sharing with the business operators from the private sector that are interested in the implementation of the JCM Project in Ho Chi Minh City ([5.1 Orientation Session at Ho Chi Minh on JCM and the Its Operations (July 2014)]. At the [Team Osaka Symposium] ([7.2 Presentations and Attendance of Domestic Meetings Held Before the Launch of Workshops at Targeted Locations]) under this operations, we also facilitated business operators from the public sector and coordinate the support from the public sector in regard to the implementation of this project. 5. Launching of Symposiums 5.1 Orientation Session at Ho Chi Minh on JCM and the Project (July 2014) This orientation session was launched in July 2014 for Japanese companies that are set up in Vietnam and local Vietnamese companies with the aim to discover new initiatives for JCM operations and to introduce the system (that includes support systems related to fund-raising) and the operations. During the session, there were about 14 participants from the public sector and a debriefing and a dialogue was held in regard to the operations support system by MOE that utilizes JCM (bilateral credit system), the support by Osaka City for the realization of a low-carbon city and the Japanese government framework. 5.2 JCM Joint Symposium With Osaka s and Ho Chi Minh City (January 2015) In regard to the climate change measures in Ho Chi Minh City, in relation to the promotion of transferring information, know-how, technology and system owned by Osaka city and the private sector, and for the purpose of presenting a brief on the implementation situation of JCM Project and the progress in planning the Climate Change Action Plan, the [Ho Chi Minh City and Osaka City International Symposium for Developing Low Carbon City] was held in Ho Chi Minh City on 16th January 2015 (Friday). In this symposium, from the Japan side, Mr. Tanaka (Vice mayor of Osaka City Government), Mr. Takano (Director for Environmental Policy, Environment Bureau of Osaka City) and 30 relevant parties participated. From the Vietnam side, There were about 70 participants including Mr. Ha who is Vice Minister of Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Vietnam, Vice Chairman Cang of Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee, Mr. Kiet who is Director of Ho Chi Minh City Natural Resources and Environment, and related departments and agencies in Ho Chi Minh City ( Industry and Trade, Planninh and Architecture,

17 Transport, Science and Technology etc.) and news media representatives, making the total number of participants to about 100. In the beginning of the symposium, Mr. Cang (Vice Chairman of of Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee), Osaka City s Vice mayor, Mr. Tanaka and Mr. Ha Vice Minister of Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Vietnam presented an opening remarks. An introduction by Mr. Kiet ( Director of Ho Chi Minh City Natural Resources and Environment) on the current ( ) progress in the Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan and the project developments followed. Mr.Chau who is Vice Manager of Ho Chi Minh City's Climate change Bureau presented on the outline of Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan for the next term ( ) and its future plans including the support given by Osaka City this year. After the mentioned presentations, Mr. Takano (Director for Environmental Policy, Environment Bureau of Osaka City) spoke on the measures and policies, plans and projects in detail that aimed to develop a low-carbon Ho Chi Minh City based on the experiences in Osaka City. With these presentations, the progress of specific efforts toward realizing a low-carbon Ho Chi Minh City was shared. Moreover, Ho Chi Minh City also benefited from the administrative perspective with the knowledge and information by Osaka City, by posing questions to the panel especially in regard to pressing issues like countermeasures against water exposure, floods and the construction of an underground railway that is associated with the construction of an underground city. Later, each participating business operator was given the opportunity to present the JCM Model Project, successful case studies, initiatives behind the JCM Project Feasibility Study, and to also provide updates on the framework s consistent developments in the detailed implementation of the projects and the continuous cooperation by both cities in the future in line with the plans for 2015 for Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan Public Relations Activities 6.1 Website Sharing of information in regard to the contents of this study is done through the following website. ([URL] Orientation Session for the Industry (November 2014) The Orientation Session for the Industry that introduces the objectives and the contents of the activities of [Ho Chi Minh City Osaka City Cooperation Project for Developing Low Carbon City] and with the aim of inviting new participants from the private sector in the efforts of creating low-carbon cities, was held on 6 th November 2014 (Thursday). On that day, 45 participants from various private enterprises attended the session. There were dialogues and presentations on support systems for MOE, NEDO and JICA s projects that utilize JCM (a bilateral credit system) and the framework of the Japanese government including the support from Osaka City in view of the efforts in creating a low-carbon city

18 7. Cooperation in Related Operations 7.1 Reports and Presentations on Domestic Progress Debriefing Sessions On 10 th September 2014, at MOE, we attended an interim report meeting to provide the necessary updates. 7.2 Presentations and Attendance of Domestic Meetings Held Before the Launch of Workshops at Targeted Locations In regard to the content of operations, enforcement policies and schedules, in order to share information and exchange opinions, a meeting was held between MOE, National Institute for Environmental Science (NIES), Team Osaka and the related parties. 7.3 Presentations at Meetings Designated by MOE (1) JCM Workshop (October 2014) On 29 th October 2014, we attended the JCM Workshop in Yokohama City that was hosted by MOE (and co-hosted by IGES) and presented our operations from the Osaka side along with a display poster. (2) COP20 Side Event (December 2014) The 20 th Session of the Conference of the Parties (COP20) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) that was launched in Peru, Lima (1 st 12 th December 2014) has a side event that was held on the 2 nd day (2 nd (Tuesday) December) at the Japan Pavilion with the cooperation from MOE, Ministry of Natural Resources Environment (MONRE, Vietnam)

19 Ⅱ. Main Text of the Report

20 Table of Contents 1.Summary of Operations Objectives Operation Outline Workflow Implementation System 2 2. Support for Climate Change Action Plan Review-Working Meetings Training in Japan for Ho Chi Minh City Officials Climate Change Action Plan (Draft) The Implementation of JCM Project s Feasibility Study Introduction of Building Energy Saving Technologies Promotion to Convert to Eco-Friendly and Park-and-Ride Buses Promotion of the city-to-city cooperation and the public-private cooperation Launching of Symposiums Orientation Session at Ho Chi Minh on JCM and the Project JCM Joint Symposium With Osaka s and Ho Chi Minh City Public Relations Activities Website Orientation Session for the Industry Cooperation in Related Operations Reports and Presentations on Domestic Progress Debriefing Sessions Presentations and Attendance of Domestic Meetings Held Before the Launch of Workshops at Targeted Locations Presentations at Meetings Designated by MOE 203

21 1. Summary of Operations 1.1 Objectives As a foundation for heretofore study results and memorandums related to the cooperation among municipal bodies in regards to the conception of a low-carbon city under the efforts of JCM with the mayor of Osaka City and Ho Chi Minh City, we shall discover and build JCM s large-scale initiatives as a package in total and export the system that integrates the administration structure and the remarkable environmental technology owned by Osaka city, we shall consolidate the operation and maintenance framework that forms the master plan of a low-carbon city and the launching of a cooperation between two cities that supports the large-scale developments of JCM s initiatives in an organized and systematic way, we shall plan for the low carbonization of Ho Chi Minh City that currently has concerning environmental issues based on the three goals in the implementation of operations for This shall be the model for other Asian megacities that are also experiencing the same issues. 1.2 Operation Outline The operation outline is as follows. Assistance for climate change action plan Action on JCM feasibility study of project conception (that includes JCM methodology and the creation of the project design documents (PDD) (1) Introduction of energy-saving technology for buildings (2) Promotion to convert to eco-friendly and park-and-ride buses Implementation of public and private organizations Launching of symposiums (1) Orientation session at Ho Chi Minh on JCM and this Project (2) JCM symposium with Osaka-city and Ho Chi Minh -city Public relations activities Cooperation on related operations (1) Report and attendance on domestic progress debriefing sessions (2 nd launching by MOE) (that includes the creation of necessary documents) (2) Announcement and attendance of domestic meetings held before the launch of workshops at targeted locations (that includes the creation of necessary documents) (3) Presentations at meetings designated by MOE (that does not include (1) and (2)) (that includes presentations and booth showcases) Once annually within Japan (once in the Kanto district) Once annually abroad (once in South America) - 1 -

22 1.3 Workflow The workflow is as follows. Overall Plans of the Research Research on the Potential of Conception (Development of JCM methodology, creation of PDD) Review on the Climate Change Action Plan, Assistance Working, Field Research, Conference, Training Review over the Committee s Approval on the JCM Methodology Coordination among Municipals Coordination among Public and Private Sectors Dialogues with City Mayors Coordination of Research Results Overall Meetings for Domestic Partners, Workshops (Debriefing Sessions) Chart Operation Workflow 1.4 Implementation System The implementation system of this operation is as follows. (1) The implementation system of a low-carbon Ho Chi Minh City The efforts towards a low-carbon Ho Chi Minh City will be the focus of and be implemented by Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Steering board. This committee is made up of director generals from each bureau in Ho Chi Minh City. In addition, there will be an Advisory Group (executive board) and the Secretariat of Ho Chi Minh Climate Change that act as subsidiary organizations and set within the Natural Resources and Environment (DONRE). (2) The implementation of a low-carbon city by Osaka City Osaka City has established cross-cutting system Osaka Steering Board for Developing Low Carbon City on 11 th July 2013 in focus with the start of technology cooperation among public and private sectors in the effort to conceive a low-carbon Ho Chi Minh City. The support headquarter in its focus to conceive a low-carbon city with the cooperation from the Osaka government, will utilize the advanced technology of private sectors and based on the promotion of transferring comprehensive know-hows in city management and development owned by Osaka City, will provide solutions to urban issues faced in the Asian region, and will operate with the intention to vitalize the regional economy of Osaka

23 (3) Implementation System of This Project GEC, a public interest corporated foundation supported and launched joint conventions between the Osaka Headquarter of Support for the Development of a Low-Carbon City and Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Committee (that includes 1 workshop and 2 review-working meeting). Information in regards to the development and implementation of JCM projects in Ho Chi Minh City is shared among the Team Osaka consortium while carrying out feasibility studies by Nikken Sekkei Research Institute (NSRI) and Shimizu Corporation, creation of GHG inventories (that depict the actual conditions) by the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) for the design of the climate change action plans in Ho Chi Minh City, applications of AIM models and future prospects by the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) and the creation of comprehensive proposals that include measures by Chuo Fukken Consultants to achieve reduction targets. To carry out the mentioned activities, the cooperation from Japan International Corporation Agency (JICA Kansai), New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Japan External Trade Organization (Jetro) s Ho Chi Minh City s administrators and Kansei Economic Federation (Kankeiren) has been obtained

24 HCMC Climate Change Steering Board Osaka City (Cosponsor) Osaka Steering Board for Developing Low Carbon City Global Environmental Center Foundation (GEC) Working Group of the Climate Change Action Plan (Office: GEC) Conferences (Osaka City/GEC) [JICA Kansai] [NEDO] [JETRO s Ho Chi Minh Office] [Kansai Economic Federation] Feasibility Study on Conception JCM Methodolody PDD Creation (Shimizu Corporation, Nikken Sekkei Research Institute) (Co-Proposer) Assistance to the Climate Change Action Plan (IGES, NIES, Chuo Fukken Consultants) (GEC subcontractors) Osaka Team Consortium (Hitachi Zosen Corporation, K. K. Satisfactory International, Kobelco Eco-Solutions, Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley) [Observers: J-CODE, Daikin, Ogawa Electrical] Chart Implementation System of This Operations 2. Support for Climate Change Action Plan The effects on climate change based on the geographical features of Ho Chi Minh City, the direction within Vietnam and in the international scene on the actual conditions of the climate change were summarized. Firstly, we have gathered information on the GHG emission condition in Ho Chi Minh City and created an inventory on the amount of GHG emission in a year in Ho Chi Minh City. The creation of the GHG inventory took into consideration the condition of GHG emission in Osaka City and the condition of emission of other departments and the experience of creating the direction as written in the [Osaka City Global Warming Countermeasures Action Plan] that was formulated by Osaka City and the information on the maintenance of measures, policies and necessary systems will be shared with Ho Chi Minh City. Based on the actual conditions in Ho Chi Minh City and the above-mentioned GHG inventory, the Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan (proposal) has included reduction targets on the emission amount of GHG and stated reference years and annual targets. In regards to the future forecasts of the emission amount of GHG, together with the use of a climate change simulation model and the cooperation with NIES that has promoted the use of the model in developing nations (and provided the necessary skill developments for such purpose), conferences at Ho Chi Minh City were organized, that were directed at decisions on annual targets and how to achieve them, - 4 -

25 with much deliberation with Ho Chi Minh City towards the practical use of the results of future forecasts based on the Asia Pacific Integrated Model (AIM). In regards to the climate change measures and its enforcement, conferences with Ho Chi Minh City have been held, 10 areas; land use planing, energy, transportation, waste management, water management, agriculture, healthcare, industry, construction and tourism were reviewed and listed systematically. In addition, issues on the quality of Japanese technology and systems, applicable financial schemes and work applications were discussed that were related to the conception of JCM project to introduce the model project that utilizes JCM into immediate strategic fields that were decided during conferences with Osaka City and Ho Chi Minh City. Such contents were used to create action plans (proposals) and to carry out detailed reviews during the Working Grooup Meetings (5 times in Ho Chi Minh City) that comprise of relevant participants. The action plan is expected to be approved in Vietnam within 2015 but meanwhile much support is still needed till the approval has been given. In addition, to carry out the policies of the Climate Change Action Plan effectively in Ho Chi Minh City, invitations from Japan (that consists of 2 officers from Ho Chi Minh City every time) and opportunities to organize field working sessions will be utilized. Training in creating GHG inventories, estimates on future GHG emission amount based on AIM s activities, climate change action plans based on the experience of implementing the [Action Plan for Osaka City s Countermeasures against Global Warming] will be carried out to train the necessary human resources in Ho Chi Minh City. 2.1 Review-Working Meetings (1) Outline In regards to the plans of the Climate Change Action Plan (Proposal) as shown below, further studies have been carried out at Review-Working Meetings (in which 5 were in Ho Chi Minh City) that comprise of relevant participants. Also, the action plan is expected to be approved in Vietnam within 2015 but meanwhile, much support is still needed still the approval has been given. Table Outline on the Hosting of Review-Working Meetings Meeting Date Attendees Kick-off Meeting 1 st Working Group Meeting 2 nd Working Group Meeting Field Research 13 th (Tuesday) - 15 th (Thursday) May th (Tuesday) - 11 th (Friday) July th (Tuesday) - 22 nd (Friday) August rd (Monday) - 4 th (Tuesday) November 2014 Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau and other related department and agencies Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau and other related department and agencies Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau and other related department and agencies Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau - 5 -

26 Field Research 4 th (Thursday) - 10 th (Wednesday) December 2014 Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau and other related department and agencies (2) 2014 Kick-off Meeting (May 2014) To share information and exchange opinions on the on the content of the operations for 2014, the policies, schedules and so forth, a kick-off meeting was launched with Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau and other related department and agencies. [Date] 13 (Tuesday) 15 th (Thursday) May 2014 [Attendees] Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau, other related department And agencies [Agenda] The actual condition of Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) is Vietnam s central city and is one of the top 10 cities in the world that is largely affected by climate change. HCMC is located at the lower region of the Saigon River and there are many waterways (that includes affluent), making it a hub for water transportation network. The sea level altitude at the North West of HCMC is 10 25m, and at the South West, it is 0 1.5m. Hence, based on climate change, a 75cm 1m sea level rise can occur and cause 61% of the region to be submerged in water. Motorbikes make up a big portion of the travel mode choice because it is a light vehicle that can make turns in small radiuses. Also, motorbikes can cut through traffic congestion and park anywhere, making it a great match for the lifestyle of the people in HCMC. For the purpose of a model shift, a change in mentality would be necessary too. Also, there are 5 6 million motorbikes, 500 thousand cars (with an assumption that there is a 10% addition to that of unregistered vehicles in HCMC), 500 thousand cargo trucks, 1300 buses (with future plans of increasing another 300 more). City development plans in HCMC includes expanding the satellite city from the center of HCMC to all directions. In view of this, we expect a construction rush to happen and there will definitely be an increase in building materials and construction projects. In addition, we acknowledge the need to correspond with the climate change within the developments in each region. Possibility of floods in 154 villages and districts due to flood tides, heavy downpours, water discharge from dams The heat island phenomenon has been observed in HCMC urban region. The low awareness towards climate change among HCMC people is a big problem. Without the awareness, actual action cannot be carried out effectively. In view of this, public awareness activities are vital. Public awareness activities are not limited to public sectors and the people - 6 -

27 but should also be conducted for the private sector. It is also necessary to take into account climate change issues in related plans. For this, we will share Japan s experiences. In addition, we will not only limit it to Osaka City, as it is also important to promote wider international cooperation. Action plan, AIM, Inventory An explanation was given on the creation of the action plan from Japan s side, AIM, and the enforcement policies behind the creation of the inventories. It has been made aware that GHG inventories will play a vital role in the city s future policy planning. Even for content that is outside the jurisdiction of HCCB, it will be implemented into the action plan, and PR materials that talk about the importance of the operations will be utilized at other departments and agencies. (HCMC) In regard to the results from the GHG inventories, there is a desire to carry out an evaluation from two perspectives; environmental (GHG reduction amount) and economical (B/C), placement of an order of priority and climate change measures. (HCMC) There is a desire to create the GHG inventories in regard to 7 areas; energy, transportation, Industry, water management, waste management and land use planing and healthcare (with additional detailed approaches). Ho Chi Minh City is divided into 24 districts and each carries different features. In future, there is a desire to plan action plans for each district but at the moment, the districts have been groups into 6 districts (1 urban district, 4 satellite city districts, 1 agricultural district) and inventories and action plans will be created in regard to the 6 districts. The target for completion of the creation of the action plan is December (HCMC) In the review of the action plan, in regard to the reviewed matters in the GHG inventory, we would like to introduce case studies and experiences in Japan (Osaka City). Osaka City is recognized as an excellent environmental city and we would like to introduce the development of the legal system, administrative management, challenges, experiences, solutions and corporate actions that led to this excellent environmental city. (HCMC) Especially, the tax collection system in HCMC is broken and we cannot expect taxpayerfinanced investments. To be able to utilized gained profits from the implementation of the climate change action plan (for example, the selling of generated electricity), it is necessary to make money from the following investments spent on the operations. We would also like to provide advice on the perspective of city management. (HCMC) It is understood that there is a need to create the action plan on HCMC side, apply the policies that fill the gap of future forecasts and the actual conditions based on the use of AIM along with the creation of GHG inventories. (HCMC) It is understood that the GHG inventories have the necessary and sufficient conditions to promote climate change measures (including action plan measures). However, it cannot be said that the degree of accuracy of the data in Vietnam is good. It is necessary to seriously consider on how to deduce the data. (HCMC) - 7 -

28 The inventory is a new approach. Thereupon, there are difficulties in understanding the actual conditions. With the experiences in Japan, it is still possible to build with the simulation methods but the collection of accurate data is preferable. Hence we propose either one of the following methods: (i) to limit it to easy-to-approach fields or (ii) direct it only to the main parts of main fields. (HCMC) -> GHG inventory is a strong tool for municipals to manage and enforce low carbon measures sustainably and will be a necessity in the future. Thereupon, it is vital to invest in manpower for a sustainable development. The methods will not be perfect but we will start from easy-to-handle parts and expand to other areas with ways that have been adopted actually in Japan. (Team Osaka) In regard to the necessary data for the creation of GHG inventories, we will request for a list to be created based on the results of this conference. It is necessary to standardize data from each year but how many sets of annual data can be collected? (Team Osaka) It is necessary for MRV to create living things. Up to recent years, Japan has well prepared statistical data. In HCMC, there is a necessity to unify the gathered statistical data. (Team Osaka) From the perspective of sustaining the action plan in the future, it is vital to include a data reporting system into the action plan. We are able to advise from Osaka City in regard to the creation of a data reporting and management system. (Team Osaka) In HCMC, there is an issue of a shortage in manpower. We would appreciate cooperation in the training of personnel for various fields. (HCMC) The Climate Change Action Plan has been approved by the committee. It is necessary to plan a detailed action plan for this plan. For this, we envision a committee that comprises of related departments and agencies. We assume departments and agencies that have agreed to participate in the meetings to also participate in this committee (which will be related to the planning of a sustainable climate change action plan). (HCMC) (3) 1 st Working Group Meeting (July 2014) To facilitate the planning of the climate change measure action plan, the 1 st review-working meeting with Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau and other related department and agencies was held. [Date] 7 th (Tuesday) - 11 th (Friday) July 2014 [Attendees] Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau, other related department and agencies [Agenda] Outline A conference was held in relation to the confirmation on the progress behind the planning of [ Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan (HCMC CCAP )] and on - 8 -

29 the contents of both the Japan and Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) proposal related to the building, contents and policies of CCAP. An agreement has been reached in regard to the target period and its policy behind the description of each chapter, legal bases, fundamental concepts, background, settings of the proposed 1 st menu list on the climate change action, program and operations and the confirmation of the structure of HCMC CCAP (table of contents, chapter division). This action plan is related to climate change measures and not easing measures. In regard to adaptive measures, each department and agency in Ho Chi Minh City has proposed interested measures. The structure of CCAP We are in agreement in regards to Team Osaka s proposed framework but would like to have the following points added. (HCMC) In the 6 th Chapter (Objectives of the Plan), there are only targets related to easing measures. Request for an addition of objectives related to adaptive measures. *The policy of the central government is to focus on adaptive measures first. Request for an addition of the principles behind the order of priority of measures and policies (the basis of selection, grading and so forth) In the 7 th Chapter (Measures and Policies to Achieve Targets) and the 8 th Chapter (Measures and Policies on Climate Change in Each District). (HCMC) Adaptive measures for ground subsidence, floods and so forth have been included in CCAP. The 5 th Chapter (Current Estimates and Future Forecasts on Greenhouse Gasses (GHG)) should be revised to draw links to easing measures. (HCMC) In regard to the measures of organized fields in the 7 th Chapter, we should consider the existence or non-existence and the insufficiency of statistical data and make the proper selection. In regard to the GHG emission amount, it should be made clear whether only the inventory or the survey would be used. In the event that the survey is selected, the workload will be a large-scale one. (HCMC) In regard to the measure at each district as stated in the 8 th Chapter, due to the different industrial development situation in each district, the unification of measures for all the districts would be impossible. In addition, the southern region of Nha Be and the 7 th district have plans to be a special economic zone. Hence, it is necessary to take into consideration of such development plans. (HCMC) Is the main objective of CCAP about the climate change measures (adaptation) or developing a low-carbon city (mitigation)? (HCMC) In the current framework proposal, the focus is on mitigation. However, if climate change measures were the main objectives, adaptation of breakwater preparation and breed improvement of agricultural crops from an agricultural perspective will also be included. (HCMC) - 9 -

30 We will have to decide based on the CCAP principles as to which is more important; adaptation or mitigation. It would be great if the HCMC side will organize the CCAP principles and proceed in planning and cooperating with HCCB and related departments and agencies. (Team Osaka) It is undeniable that in Japan, the focus has been on mitigation. Currently there is a keen interest in adaptation, and a committee for adaptation has been established within MOE. (Team Osaka) It is recommended that HCMC define both adaptation and mitigation in CCAP. (Team Osaka) In regard to the measures and policies of organized fields, 8 areas (energy, transportation, Industry, water management, waste management, agriculture, healthcare, land use planing) have been considered. We would like to add 2 more fields; construction and tourism, making the total number of fields, 10. (HCMC) In addition to the current GHG emission amount, we would like to add a description in regard to the current climate change and its effects. (HCMC) In the 5 th Chapter, the current state and future forecast of Greenhouse gases have been clearly stated and we have gotten the impression that the content on measures and policies focuses on easing measures. However, is there a need to include in CCAP both adaptation and mitigation? (HCMC) Measures and policies of HCMC CCAP It is highly important in considering the order of priority of each measures. However, in doing so, the task of placing an emphasis on which perspective is a difficult issue. (Team Osaka) In considering the order of priority of a measure, the following perspectives are important. (Team Osaka) Feasibility of the project Explicitness/visualization (by the citizens) Consistency with the country s or city s top priority plans Based on the above-mentioned points, a detailed deliberation is possible from the cooperation towards the measures and policies menu (a refined list based on both the HCMC s information and Japan s experiences) proposed by Osaka City. (Team Osaka) By district, to implement all the fields measures in all the districts would be difficult. It is better to select effective measures for each district. (Team Osaka) On reflection of CCAP 2015, there is a necessity to plan for CCAP (In CCAP 2015, there were many planned measures but measures that were implemented were few) (HCMC) We would like to focus on measures that have high feasibility and conduct them. (HCMC) In regard to the health field, we hope that you will explain to us in detail, what you are referring to. (Team Osaka)

31 In the future, due to the effects of climate change, there is a possibility that new diseases will appear. Hence, there is a need to also consider the healtcare field. For example, whether it is linked to the effects of climate change or not, the fact is that now adults are exposed to the risk of diseases that only affected children in the past. (HCMC) Division of districts In regard to the organization of measures and policies based on districts, areas that are utilized within the progressive city center and government offices are categorized. However, the division of districts should be based on the features of the region. (HCMC) For regions that share the same features, the effects of climate change can be considered similar and hence the same measures can be carried out. Hence, it is a must to divide areas based on districts that share the same features. (HCMC) The definition of the term district may differ subtly and in regard to this, the HCMC side should review on that and establish a set definition. (HCMC) In regard to priority districts, we would like to change its definition to districts, where model projects are focused on and not as model districts. (Team Osaka) GHG Inventories We have experienced insufficient data situations in other countries too. (Team Osaka) At HCMC, there is data on the head-count of livestock but the data on production volume of fertilizer is unknown. With the country s production volume used as a base, prorate HCMC s portion and the necessary calculations can be performed. (Team Osaka) Others There are many measures that we would like to carry out early but due to strict budgets, we are unable to proceed. Hence, we are highly anticipating on PPP but we would like to know your opinions on this matter too. (HCMC) There are responsibilities to be carried out by the private sectors on behalf of the public sectors, but at the end of the day, the responsibility is on the part of the public sectors. (Team Osaka) Based on the experiences in Osaka City, though PPP executions were carried out efficiently but even so, the budget did not dramatically decrease. (Team Osaka) From the development of infrastructures, new enterprises will appear and this will result in the increase in tax revenue. It is important to look at the income and expenditure of this operation as a whole and not separately. (Team Osaka) (4) 2 nd Working Group Meeting (August 2014) To facilitate the planning of the climate change measure action plan, the 2 nd review-working meeting with the Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau and other related department and agencies was held. For the 2 nd working Group meeting, we have had the pleasure of the attendance of the Vice Minister of MOEJ and the Japanese Consulate in Ho Chi Minh City as guests

32 [Date] 19 th (Tuesday) 22 nd (Friday) August 2014 [Attendees] Ho Chi Minh City Depertment of Natural Resource and Environment, Secretariat of Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau, other related department and agencies [Agenda] Outline Confirmation on the progress in planning [Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan (HCMC CCAP )], deliberation in regard to Climate Change Project (proposal) that Team Osaka proposed and an announcement on the review of AIM and GHG inventories were carried out. Climate Change Action Plan (Proposal) <Overall> With Nha Be district and 4 other districts as model districts, there will be cooperation with Team Osaka within the period to create a draft report on the action plan that has already been formally approved by the committee. In regard to the 4 districts, cooperation with Holland in the previous 2 3 months has been smooth, and hence directions from the committee have been given to expand to other 6 7 districts and not only to concentrate at Nha Be district and the 4 districts. However, in regard to Team Osaka, at the current moment, we would like them to concentrate at Nha Be district and the 4 districts. <Transportation> In regard to greening efforts of the roads, we would appreciate information sharing on the experiences in Osaka City. In regard to the FS study conducted by Nikken Sekkei on the park and bus ride operations, we have applied to the Transport for the development of a bus route that can be used for commuting and we would appreciate the cooperation in this matter. We are considering the use of this P&BR route only during commuting hours. <Energy> We have to create [ Renewable Energy Master Plan] and [ Ho Chi Minh City Development Plan]. For the implementation of energy conservation, blackout countermeasures and renewable energy, it is necessary to promote smart grid efforts. The related departments and agencies in Ho Chi Minh City is required to build a climate change database that can impact data. We hope that Team Osaka will share the necessary information in a language that Ho Chi Minh City can understand as we would like to utilize the system format in Osaka City. We would appreciate the cooperation in the transfer of technology for the continued use of the AIM model. The biomass project that is worth about 5 million US dollars that was conducted by JICA for

33 Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology has concluded. We would appreciate the cooperation in continuing the facilities and maintenance of the system under a separate scheme. <Water Management> We would appreciate the cooperation in regard to flood countermeasures caused by climate change. Reservoir and flood issues are the biggest issues in the planning of Ho Chi Minh City Development Master Plan. Flood countermeasures include building levees and reservoirs and raising ground level. In Ho Chi Minh City, reservoir building is the only countermeasure needed but in the other 4 districts, due to the low ground level, all three aforementioned countermeasures are required. During the infrastructure development of roads, it is realistic to use JICA s support that is related to infrastructure and to slowly promote the measures and hence to conduct all three countermeasures and the ability to show it as a model is important. Procedures involve external water management (levee infrastructure) to internal water management (drainage water and so forth). Currently external water management is insufficient and seawater has infiltrated the ground below. Hence, it is premature to consider projects of laying electrical wires underground in the whole region. For districts that have external water management, it is necessary to execute underground infrastructure projects as model projects. Japan s first underground city was developed in Osaka City and therefore, Osaka City is able to provide the support needed in relations to developing underground cities. To waterproof underground cities, Osaka City places the entrance to the underground city at a higher level than ground level and constructs waterproof barriers. The project list IV-2 on the reuse of drainage treatment draws much attention in a city but since there is no standard of water-purity yet during its reuse, it is necessary to begin from developing regulations around it. Support from Osaka City may be necessary. We would like to re-use rain water as water for washing in markets. There is no necessity to determine the standard of water-purity. Underground water in the 4 districts is contaminated and cannot be used. Projects at the 4 th District primary school (observation in the morning on the same day) In regard to the use of rain water and the system, negotiations with Japanese corporations will be presented to HCMC s side. In regard to the use of tap water, we would appreciate it if data on the standard of waterpurity for its use as drinking water and in daily life errands exists to be shared. There are plans to install solar panels on the roof of the primary school. Cost related to the installation of solar panels and use of rain water is to be calculated. <Waste Management> Solid waste is treated as waste. Hazardous waste and medical waste will also be categorized

34 under the term waste. All treatment facilities in HCMC are small with adopted technology that is not modern and the heat recovery rate is bad. Gases formed when toxic substances have been removed are not properly exhausted. During a training course in Japan, the team went on an excursion to an excellent biogas treatment facility and was impressed. In regard to waste treatment, the main dissatisfaction of the people is the bad odor from the transitional facilities. Binh Dien Wholesale Market s raw garbage treatment is an issue and we are concerned with the raw garbage treatment operations at the market. Currently, garbage is being released into the river. In regard to the countermeasures against bad odor during the transportation of waste, with the improvements on the system and accuracy of the vehicle, as in the case of waste transportation in Japan, there is rarely any bad odor. With garbage incineration, the amount has reduced to 1/20 and both hygiene and administrative cost can be kept under control. We presume that the technology to control the occurrence of dioxin has been established. To reuse sewage sludge, would it be possible to reuse it as pavement materials? -> In Japan, sewage sludge is processed through incineration and melt treatment is and the resulting melted slag is used as construction material. There is a need for countermeasures against bad odor from the garbage collection transitional facilities. -> It is unsanitary to collect garbage from a transitional facility that is located close to a residential area. Organic garbage should be incinerated at a direct incineration facility without having to go through sorted collection at a household and a transitional site. <Agriculture> Are the projects under this operation recognized as infrastructure development like hard projects or management (research, personnel training etc.) like soft projects? What about GHG easing projects? Are adaptive projects (quality improvement etc.) also included? -> It is not limited only to easing and infrastructure building. Although the work behind creating JCM projects has been entrusted by MOE, GHG reduction will still be the foundation of this operation. Would there be any problems in thinking that funds for each project are not limited to JCM but can be sourced from ODA, BOT and private funds? -> There would be no problems in doing so. The JCM operations are well supported by MOE. In regard to the purification of VI-2 agriculture discharge, would it be technically impossible to return it to the rivers? -> Japan is reducing the amount of agricultural chemicals and practice methods that do not to influence water quality

35 There is an interest in technology that will improve river pollution, by reducing the amount of agriculture chemicals and fertilizers by applying them to the produce efficiently. Around Ho Chi Minh City, there are large-scale chicken farms and pig farms that are privately managed. Would it be possible for installations of biogas electricity generator and heat supplier based on livestock waste? Can it start off as a pilot project? Is it realistic to consider it as an in-house power generator than a source of income by selling electricity to EDL? -> As mitigation of climate change, it is already possible as a CDM to operate a biogas project based on livestock waste. However, to sell the power to EDL, it will require a large-scale facility (of 10,000 heads in a pig farm) or else the yield will be low. Also, in regard to the characteristics of biogases, because the elements fluctuate greatly, it would be a necessity to adopt high methane gas refinement technology. In this matter, wouldn t it be more realistic to adopt the in-house power generator? <Land Use Planning> [VII-8 Prevention of Landslides with Tree-Planting] should be incorporated into the agriculture field. <Healthcare> To solve the problem of insufficient numbers of hospitals, we expect construction support of new hospitals that are under the JICA scheme. In regard to personnel training, training is possible at Osaka City s university hospitals. We would like to add new projects in light of the issue raised by the HCMC side on the need of appropriate treatment of hospital discharge and waste and the occurrence of diseases caused by climate change. <Construction/Tourism> We would appreciate it if the HCMC side would come up with the ideas. (5) Field Research (November 2014) To facilitate the planning of the climate change action plan, a separate consultation with the Secretariat of Ho Chi Minh Climate Change was held. [Date] 3 rd (Monday) 4 th (Tuesday) November 2014 [Attendees] Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau [Agenda] Outline A discussion was held in regard to the coordination of the city mayor s symposium that is scheduled to be held in January, the planning of [Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan (HCMC CCAP )] and the list of projects proposed by Team Osaka. Planning of HCMC CCAP The general meeting for the Communist Party of Vietnam will either be held in December

36 2015 or at the beginning of As it would be necessary to explain the CCAP to related departments and agencies from September to October, it would be necessary to plan the CCAP until June (HCMC) We would like to announce the results of our data collection and arrangement as the data collection for the GHG inventories are about to conclude. (HCMC) In regard to the presented materials on CCAP, we are moving into improving the PowerPoint presentation that was presented by HCCB at the August meeting. (HCMC) In regard to the assessment criterion for the measures and policies, we hope to get more information on the experience and know-how that Osaka City has accumulated so far. We are aware that for the assessment criterion, objectivity is important. We would like to set a standard, where regardless of the evaluator, the assessment results will be valid. Hence, we are looking into a quantitative assessment. In the event that quantification is difficult, we shall consider a qualitative assessment. We would like to assess it in a manner, where the order of priority for operations and fields that are highly influenced by climate changes like temperature increase, high tides and heavy downpours are given a higher assessment. (HCMC) The August briefing paper stated that the World Bank s CIP (Capital Investment Planning) and Self-Assessment Methods should be considered as a reference. If they can be used as an assessment criterion, we would like to do so. (HCMC) The following 2 guidelines are found in the Ministry of Natural Resources Environment (MONRE) (Only available in Vietnamese). (HCMC) CCAP Planning Manual Assessment Manual on the Effects, Loss and Damage Caused by Climate Change Among the 2 manuals, in regard to, there is no necessity in proceeding by following the manual religiously. On the other hand, in regard to, in the event of reviewing the assessment criterion for the set measures and policies in CCAP, its consideration is necessary. (HCMC) In regard to the Support Program to Respond to Climate Change that is a part of the budget s framework, which is related to the climate change measures that was shown by the Vietnamese government, HCMC can apply for budgets. In the event that the necessity of a project has been acknowledged, it is possible to secure a budget. Hence, this is can be considered as an alternative in securing finances. (HCMC) In regard to the measures and policies of the 10 fields organized in CCAP, we would like to have HCCB and related departments and agencies to deliberate with Team Osaka for a span of 5 days in the first half of December. (HCMC) During the deliberation, we would like to give preference to the fields; energy, transportation, water management, waste and discharge, construction (environment-friendly construction materials). (HCMC) Greening activities in land utilization field is important. (HCMC) Project List

37 <Energy > In regard to the project list of the energy field, HCCB has the following comments. The outline of [Urban Energy-Saving System] is abstract. The [Introduction of Energy-Saving Glass] is a measure and policy that we want to carry out. There is insufficient wind power to implement wind power generation in HCMC. The order of priority for measures and policies thought up by HCCB is as below. High order of priority [Energy efficiency technology applied to whole building] [Introduction of ESCO Project] [Introduction of High Efficiency Lighting] [Introduction of High Efficiency Air-Conditioners (Inverted Models)] [Introduction of Energy-Saving Equipment for Small and Medium Enterprises] Medium order of priority [Introduction of Solar Power Generation] [Introduction of Solar-Powered Water Heater] [Introduction of Energy-Saving Glass] [Greening of Roofs and Walls] Low order of priority [Urban Energy-Saving System] [Introduction of Small Hydroelectric Generation] [Introduction of Wind Power Generation] The Industry and Trade have plans to convert 2000 street lamps to LED lights in November. Currently in the country, business operators are conducting audits in regard to energy consumption volume. Each business operator s energy consumption volume is converted to oil consumption volume. Business operators that have a consumption volume that is higher than the set standard will be subjected to the audits. In HCMC, currently, there are 200 operators that are being audited. The Energy-Saving Center understands the framework in relation to HCMC s energy issues the most. We are looking for a model project to carry out energy-saving methods for subject electronic factories. We would like to know which industrial is the place where electronic factories are usually gathered. -> It is possible to think of the Saigon Hi-Tech Park at District 9 as a candidate. <Waste Management> In regard to the project list of the waste field, HCCB has the following comments. [Sorted Treatment for Hazardous Waste] is already being implemented in HCMC

38 [Waste Management through an Electronic Manifesto] is not being implemented but waste management through the paper medium is being carried out. (For operators, whose hazardous waste exceeds the set standard, they are required to report it on paper. In regard to other waste, there is no compulsory reporting system). In regard to the [Waste Management through an Electronic Manifesto], we expect to implement it in a phased manner. In the event that HCMC takes the lead in the country by implementing the model project, other cities will be subjected to strict standards and the people from each region might complain. In regard to the [Commission of Collection of Sorted Raw Garbage], we will add the 4 th district as a target. When collecting garbage from households, at the moment, each household is charged a fixed amount (that does not depend on the number of people in each household). However, in the future, there are plans to set the amount based on the amount of garbage disposed. For this measure and policy, we would like to request an addition in the project list. In addition, we would appreciate guidance in a good billing method. The order of priority of the measures and policies and the concept behind it by HCCB is as below. Concept: The degree of important of the issue of the actual condition, Relevance to the measures and policies [Commission of Collection of Sorted Raw Garbage] [Biogas Electricity Generator] [Solid Waste Electricity Generator] [Sorted Treatment for Hazardous Waste] [Waste Management through an Electronic Manifesto] [Reduction and Reuse of Sewage Sludge] <Water Management > In regard to the project list of the water management field, HCCB has the following comments. In regard to the [Development of a Sewage Ledger System], we would like to know the contents and results of the detailed plans in the 1 st District, Ben Nghe. The outline of [Prevention of External Water Infiltration] talks about the development of levees and reservoirs. However, levee developments as a countermeasure against external water and reservoir developments as countermeasures against internal water are separate measures. [Developments of Pumps and Watertight Gates] are being implemented in parts in HCMC. In regard to the order or priority of the measures and policies, the order is categorized into measures and policies related to water supply, floods, Others. <Agriculture > Countermeasures against discharge and

39 In regard to the project list of the agriculture field, HCCB has the following comments. [Introduction of Water-Saving Pumps that use Renewable Energy] and [Prevention of Landslides with Tree-Planting] are being implemented in parts by Agriculture and Rural Development. The order of priority of the measures and policies by HCCB is as below. [Prevention of Landslides with Tree-Planting] [Introduction of Water-Saving Pumps that use Renewable Energy] [Breed Development of Agricultural Crops that Correspond to Climate Change] [Biogas Electricity Generation Based on Livestock Waste] [Reduction in the Used Amount of Agriculture Chemicals and Fertilizers] [Solar Power Generation in Agricultural Regions] <Tourism> In regard to the tourism field, as the measures and policies overlap with other fields, we would like to review this field again. In regard to the project list of the tourism field, HCCB has the following comments. Other departments and agencies are currently implementing the feasibility study on the water transport network system. From a climate change measure perspective eco-tourism holds a negative impression as it will influence the ecology system. (6) Field Research (December 2014) To facilitate the planning of the climate change action plan, a separate consultation with the Secretariat of Ho Chi Minh Climate Change and other departments and agencies that were related to each field was held. [Date] 4 th (Thursday) 10 th (Wednesday) December 2014 [Attendees] Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau Energy Field: Development of Industry and Trade, Electricity of Vietnam (EVN) Transportation Field: Transport, Urban Civil Works Construction Investment Management Authority Tourism Field: Tourism Water Management Field: Sai Gon Water Corporation, Urban Drainage Company Healthcare Field: Ministry of Health portal, Health Construction, Land Use Planning Field: Construction, Planning and Architecture [Agenda] Outline

40 Deliberation was held with the related departments and agencies of each field was held in regard to [Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan (HCMC CCAP )] s progress and contents of the project list that Team Osaka has proposed. Contents of Project List <Energy> In regard to the review and development of the measures and policies, EVN has the following opinions. We should set the objectives of the action plan and review the measures and policies and operations needed to achieve the objectives. In regard to each measure and policy and operation, we should decide on the implementation period with each representative from the related department or agency. For the project list, EVN has the following opinions and suggestions. In regard to II-6 (Introduction of Solar Power Generation), there is a need for a subsidy system. In addition, the current condition does not encourage foreign investors to explore the feasibility of this project. In regard to II-10 (Urban Energy-Saving System), considering the current situation in Ho Chi Minh City and how the implementation would be difficult, how about about removing this from the project list? Or else, we will have to give it our lowest priority. This project can be considered for new cities or regions where the development of infrastructure is ongoing. In regard to II-11 (Introduction of Small Hydroelectric Generation), besides water distributing places as targets, how about expanding it to water suppliers? We would like to include informative and awareness campaigns (education) and awareness raising programs for the people into the project list. For countermeasures against short circuits, we would like to include improvement on electrical power distribution equipment and substation into the project list. In regard to the project list, HCCB has the following opinions. In regard to the awareness programs and the improvement of the efficiency of electric power transmission, such matters should be included into the project list. In regard to II-10 (Urban Energy-Saving System), II-10 (Introduction of Small Hydroelectric Generation), II-12 (Introduction of Wind Power Generation), implementing them at this moment is difficult but from a broad perspective, it should not be removed from the project list. II-10 should be implemented in a proactive manner and be given a high priority to be carried out mandatorily in new cities. Current Condition on the Efforts Related to Energy-Saving Approaches in Ho Chi Minh City For 8 years since 2006, we have implemented the approaches in our appeal to the public to conserve electricity. As a result, our figures show that we managed to conserve 2 billion

41 kilowatts/hour. For educational and awareness programs related to energy-saving, educational activities for children are carried out at educational centers. For enterprises, introduction of energy-saving technology and awareness raising programs are implemented. In order to understand the current situation of electricity consumption by business operators, a study on each business operator s annual energy consumption volume (energy audit) is being carried out. Solar-powered water heaters are installed at 8000 locations. In regard to energy-saving equipment, there is a demand for those that can be installed at compact spaces. EVN offices nationwide are recognized and certified as the most energy-saving environment. The rate of demand for electricity/the rate of economic growth is on a national scale and in Ho Chi Minh City. <Transportation> In regard to the project list, Transport has the following opinions and suggestions. In regard to the measures and policies proposed, we do not hold any different opinions. We would like the transportation master plan to be confirmed. The measures and policies related to BRT are especially important. There are already plans for III-12 (Construction of Bus Rapid Transportation System (BRT)) Part of the III-13 (Conversion to CNG Bus) are being implemented. How about merging III-10 (Expansion of Bus Schedules and Routes) and III-11 (Construction of Bus Rapid Transportation System (BRT))? In Vietnam, there is a difference in the meaning of [traffic] and [transportation]. [Traffic] is referred to as traffic facilities (roads, bridges, parking lots, traffic facilities), whereas [transportation] is referred to as modes of transportation (trains, taxis, boats and ships). Hence, how about classifying measures and policies that are meant for traffic and transportation separately? One of the issues in Ho Chi Minh City that requires immediate attention is the countermeasure against traffic congestion. There is a need for a shift to a transportation system that focuses on a mass transit system. We are considering important measures that might require a change in the administrative setup. The concept behind the order of priority of the measures and policies is as below. We cannot consider each measure and policy on its own. The relevance among them

42 is important. Hence, it is important to consider the order of priority of the measures and policies based on the relevance of the measures and policies. The Efforts from The City Traffic Infrastructure Project Managing Committee As part of the efforts to reduce emission gas from any means of transportation, we are promoting Green Transport Development and introducing BRT as out main measure and policy. The priorities related to the plans of introducing BRT are as follows. There are plans to implement 30 BRT train cars that use liquefied natural gas. Based on a study by the World Bank, the implementation of BRT has helped reduce C02 as much as 60%. It is possible to obtain the approval on the introduction of BRT plans by the Communist Party of Vietnam by the end of this year (2014). In addition, as we proceed with detailed designs; we are scheduled to begin operations in the beginning of The BRT will equip 5 routes in , making it a total of 6 routes. In line with land utilization plans, it would be necessary to carry out various installations related to the introduction of BRT but at the moment there are no clear deadlines in the traffic master plan. With the introduction of BRT, there will be plans to promote the introduction of fuel conversion, road space developments, PTPS facilities and IC cards. Also, there installation of park and ride parking lots at 9 locations are expected. We aim to introduce an IC card system that allows its use for all public transportation services. <Tourism > In regard to the project list, Tourism has the following opinions and suggestions. Approval from the Communist Party of Vietnam on water tourism strategies has been obtained and we would like to include this into the measures and policies. The preservation of mangroves and popularization of the concept of a pedestrian s paradise are currently being reviewed. Dock facilities are dilapidated and we expect cooperation from private sectors. We are also considering food and beverage facilities at conference halls. We have not begun reviewing eco-tourism as part of a climate change measure. <Water Management> In regard to the project list, Ho Chi Minh City has the following opinions and suggestions. It is necessary to classify the measures and policies into short, mid or long term projects. Aren t awareness raising programs necessary after the creation of hazard maps?

43 Permeable pavements are necessary but we cannot proceed because there are no specific locations that can be set as targets. If we are equipped with the technology and development support from Japan, we believe that the project is feasible. This would require a long-term operation. How about classifying awareness measures into water supply, discharge, securement of water source, preservation of water source, recycling water, water conservation? In regard to the concept behind the order of priority of the measures and policies, Ho Chi Minh City has the following opinions and suggestions. In regard to the measures and policies related to water supply, the 3 important perspectives are 1 the demand in the people s lives, feasibility, fund-raising capabilities. Others SAWACO presented the following proposals to the Natural Resources & Environment. Developments of water storage facilities downstream(as it is difficult to secure tap water supply from the rivers and salt pollution may occur) Development of levees downstream <Healthcare > In regard to the project list, Health has the following opinions and suggestions. There is a need to build a medical-related database. Awareness programs for the people and medical staff are necessary. Currently, the people would still go to the hospital even for cases that do not require hospital treatment. Also, at times, doctors would transfer patients to the central hospital even if they do not require advanced medical treatment. Hence, it is important to convey the right information to the people and medical staff. How about the following order of priority of measures and policies? VII-1 (Personnel Training for Hospital Medical Staff) Additional Measure and Policy (Information Collection and Management to Build a Database) Additional Measure and Policy (Awareness Programs for the People and Medical Staff) VII-3 (Improvements on the Hospital s Hygiene Management and Appropriate Treatment of Medical Discharge and Waste) VII-2 (Countermeasures against Existing Diseases that Occurred in a Different Way) The Current Conditions in Relation to the Medical System in Ho Chi Minh City In relation to climate change, Health is dedicated in providing personnel training for medical staff as a climate change measure

44 We would like to learn from the experiences in Osaka City as it is necessary to draw out regulations related to the countermeasures against diseases that are caused by climate change. In addition, we are considering establishing environment-related health centers. The Communist Party of Vietnam has announced the construction of 5 hospitals that also include Cho Ray Hospital. We would like to know more on the method of collecting data and the method of treating disease that are related to climate change from the experience in Osaka City. The satellite environment program by WHO is not being implemented in Ho Chi Minh City. For the purpose of personnel training in Ho Chi Minh City, the Communist Party of Vietnam recognized Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine in Upon its recognition, in the 1 st year, there were 100 enrollments, 300 in the 2 nd year and the number is expected to reach 1000 next year. There are 37 municipal hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City. <Construction > In regard to the project list, the Construction Management has the following opinions and suggestions. Addition of plans on design criterion with a low impact on the environment. The order of priority of measures and policies is as follows. Additional measure and policy (Plans on Design Criterion with a Low Impact on the Environment) IX-2 (Introduction on Energy-Saving Construction Materials) IX-1 (Introduction on Incentives for Construction with a Low Impact on the Environment) IX-3 (Extension of a Construction s Lifespan) IX-4 (Introduction of Energy-Saving Construction Equipment) IX-5 (Effective Use of Discharge and Waste) The Current Conditions in Relation to the Construction Field in Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam does not have the same floor-area ratio concept as in Japan. In addition, the standard on construction that has low impact on the environment is not well formed and we would like to learn more from Japan s study cases and concepts. Although we do have the Green Building concept that makes use of energy efficiently, however it is not standardized. Tentatively, there is standard on the proportional use of bricks as a construction material. The standard allows underfired bricks to make up 30% of the whole structure but buildings that are built under this standard usually suffer cracks in their walls years after its construction and this reduces their lifespan. We would like to create a construction criterion that has a low impact on the environment

45 but Ho Chi Minh City is not capable of creating it on its own. There is a need to apply for it to the Central Government. There are laws against illegal disposal of waste material but there are no standards related to the recycling of waste materials. Appointment of Model Districts for Countermeasures against High Tides, Floods Among the climate change measures, in regard to countermeasures against high tides and floods, the Planning and Architecture has the following opinions. The ground at 7 th district and Nha Be District does not have good support and is prone to high tides and floods caused by climate change. Hence, these measures and policies should be implemented at the 7 th District and at Nha Be District and be considered as a model district for the climate change measures. Urban development is ongoing in the 7 th District with the development of residential areas and roads but as it is a low land, ground subsidence frequently occurs. Hence, it should be considered as a model district for mitigation. The residential area around Nha Be District s Hiep Phuoc Port, is part of an ongoing urban development project and just like the 7 th District, ground subsidence also occurs. Hence, it should be considered as a model district for adaptation. The 4 th District is being considered for adaptation with the support from Rotterdam City. Others In regard to the environmental criterion for urban planning, the CBD (which makes up 930ha of the city s central area) will be the set subject and from there on, the same criterion will be expanded to the whole city. We are considering the development of electrical wires drainage in the ground, in relation to the development of an underground transportation system and an underground city. How about considering the effective utilization of the underground space as a model project? 2.2 Training in Japan for Ho Chi Minh City Officials (1) Trainees Ms. Le Nguyen Que Huong (Ho Chi Minh Climate Change Bureau, Officer) Dr. Nguyen Ky Phung (Ho Chi Minh City, Science and Technology, Vice Director) (2) Training Content [Date]: 2 nd (Monday) 6 th (Friday) June 2014 [Venue]: National Institute for Environmental Studies (Tsukuba City) Environment Bureau of Osaka City (Osaka City) [Objectives]: To facilitate the planning of Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan, this training program focuses on the creation of future forecasts on GHG emission amount and annual GHG emission amount inventories that utilize AIM. It is also in line with the aim to realize the climate change action plan that is considered

46 [Content]: necessary for the future of Ho Chi Minh City. In regard to the format of this training, the core of the training will be lectures conducted by Japanese professionals but there will also be classes and discussion that encourage the trainees to participate and be involved independently in the planning of the climate change action plan and to develop their skills. Date Training Content Venue 2 nd June (Monday) 3 rd June (Tuesday) 4 th June (Wednesday) 5 th June (Thursday) 6 th June (Friday) Introduction on the activities held at the Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research at the National Institute for Environmental Studies Introduction on AIM study cases Introduction on the AIM End Course Model Introduction on the ExSS Model Adoption of AIM for a Low-Carbon Asia Adoption of AIM for Japan and Malaysia Introduction on the AIM Impact Analysis Introduction on the AFOLU Model Introduction on the Household Model Hands-on practice on the ExSS Model Hands-on practice on the PDCA Model Easing measures on climate change in Ho Chi Minh City Overall deliberation National Institute for Environmental Studies Adoption of AIM for Ho Chi Minh City Kyoto University Data collection and management for GHG Inventories [International Symposium on Climate Change and Waste] Points in the planning of a climate change action plan Overall deliberation Osaka City

47 2.3 Climate Change Action Plan (Draft) (1) Draft Structure for Climate Change Action Plan After deliberating with Ho Chi Minh City, the draft structure for the set climate change action plan is as follow. <The Draft Structure for Climate Change Action Plan> 1. Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Necessity 1.3 Purpose 1.4 Scope 2. Legal Framework & Policy and Implementation Period 2.1 Legal Basis 2.2 Upper Level Plan 2.3 Target Years 3. City Outlook and Related Plans 3.1 City Outlook 3.2 Related Plans 4. Past Activities for Climate Change 4.1 Implementation Status of National Missions 4.2 Implementation Status of International Cooperation Missions 4.3 Implementation Status of Climate Change Countermeasures 5. Current Situations and Future Prospects of Climate Change 5.1 Current Climate Change Conditions in Ho Chi Minh City 5.2 Future Prospects of Climate Change in Ho Chi Minh City 6. Plan Targets 6.1 Targets for Adaptation Measure Implementation 6.2 Targets for Adaptation Measure Implementation 7. Measures To Achieve Targets 7.1 Philosophy on Implementation Policy in Ho Chi Minh City 7.2 Measures in 10 Sectors 8. Climate Change Countermeasures by Area 8.1 Philosophy on Implementation Policy by Area

48 8.2 Measures for Different Areas 9. Specific Projects 9.1 Specific Projects by Area 10. Implementation of Action Plan 10.1 Financial Resources 10.2 Progress Management 10.3 Implementation Structure (2) Climate Change Action Plan (Draft) In this study, after deliberating with Ho Chi Minh City, the created Climate Change Action Plan (Draft) is as below. The conclusion of the Climate Change Action Plan is expected to be in September 2015, with the aim of being approved by the end of 2015 to facilitate a smooth conclusion, continuous support is expected

49 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chi Minh City (Draft) 1. Introduction 1.1 Background Climate change Climate change has been and is posing impacts on all aspects (economic, societal and environmental natural and artificial) of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), especially in the coming decades. The speed of climatic changes and their impacts on HCMC in the short-term period (5-10 years) and long-term period ( years) need to be identified basing on scenario projections. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze some projections in order to consider all development scenarios possible in the future. Some phenomena of climate change impacts on HCMC are as below: Average and maximum atmospheric temperature has been increasing; There are little changes in annual average precipitation, but strong rainfalls occur more frequently with shorter period. Tropical storms occur in the East Sea (the area between Vietnam and the Philippines) more frequently and becoming stronger and stronger. According to climate change and sea level rise scenarios in HCMC (average scenario B2), the atmospheric temperature of HCMC is projected to increase up to 1.4 degrees celsius by 2050 and up to 2.7 degrees celsius by 2100, excluding the impacts of urban heat island phenomenon; meanwhile, the sea level is predicted to rise up to cm by 2050 and cm by 2100 compared to the average sea level in the period Also basing on climate change scenario in 2012, if the sea level rises 1 m, 20% of HCMC s area will probably be flooded and roughly 7% of the city population will be directly affected. Although the annual total precipitation does not change much (1,800-2,200 mm/year), the number of heavy rainfalls (more than 100 mm/rainfall) would probably occur more frequently. The precipitation is predicted to decrease in dry season and increase in rainy season. The duration of rainy season would be shorter and dry season may be longer. There would probably more tropical storms in East Sea and have direct impacts on the provinces in the Southern area of Vietnam in general and on HCMC in specific

50 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Impacts of climate change on Ho Chi Minh City Climate change would affect strongly on HCMC if there is no responding action (adaptation and mitigation), and thence the safety and livelihood of citizens would be threatened. Flooding would be more serious due to co-effects by heavier rainfalls and the rise of river (sea) level, causing great damages to the infrastructure; manufacturing and social costs increase dramatically; the quality of water supply sources (surface and ground water) may seriously decrease due to pollution and salinity intrusion; atmospheric quality would be worsen when the temperature increases; agricultural productivity may be lessened; many types of diseases would probably increases; etc. Particularly, the loss of land and livelihood would lead to greater migration from Southern provinces to HCMC. 1.2 Necessity Ho Chi Minh City is one of Vietnam's leading industrial regions while also being home to a large number of port facilities and other physical distribution functions, and serves as the core of Vietnam's economics and trade. In recent years, increasing population has resulted in accelerated urban expansion and crowding of the city area which have in turn resulted a number of issues including reduction of "green" plant life areas and natural waterways; land subsidence due to excessive pumping of groundwater (drawing up of water in quantities exceeding the groundwater increment); air pollution due to waste processing and disposal, traffic congestion, and factory exhaust; and water pollution. In addition, the city faces increasing risk of natural disasters due to global scale climate changes resulting in elevated sea levels and more frequent heavy rain. Consequently, in order for Ho Chi Minh City to maintain sustainable growth and future development, it must implement measures to adapt to climate change in order to respond to the increasing risk of natural disasters, as well as to alleviate and prevent the environmental issues which manifest in the course of further urbanization. Various regions will have different and un-unified natural as well as economic-cultural-social specifications. Consequently, the impacts of climate change, the vulnerabilities and resilience capacity of each region will also be different. Under such circumstances, the common Climate change Action Plan of the city is needed to be specified into concrete action plans for the respective regions. This would be greatly helpful in improving international cooperation opportunities, investment calling, and technology exchange, etc. Therefore, it is essential to develop and implement Climate change Action Plans for each specific region, focusing on concrete issues and socioeconomic development features so as to

51 propose appropriate and more effective solutions. Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft)

52 1.3 Purpose Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) General objective The Climate Change Action Plan shall be established in order to construct a society which realizes economic growth with consideration for climate change effects, and to allow for sustainable growth for Ho Chi Minh City. It is important to incorporate viewpoints from comprehensive urban planning when establishing the Climate Change Action Plan. In order to ensure continued comfortable and sound development without intensifying various environmental problems, comprehensive urban planning, which is in agreement with traffic policy, housing policy, industrial policy, etc., must be incorporated into the Climate Change Action Plan. The general objective of HCMC Climate Change Action Plan is to set adaptation and mitigation countermeasures for climate change in Ho Chi Minh City, considering current situations and future prospects of climate change in Ho Chi Minh City. Specific objectives The specific objectives of HCMC Climate Change Action Plan are as follows: To organize and describe past activities for climate change adaptation and mitigation measures To illustrate current situations and future prospects of climate change in Ho Chi Minh City, including the estimation of current and future Greenhouse Gas emissions To set the short/med-/long-term targets for adaptation and mitigation measures To identify adaptation and mitigation measure in 10 sectors, considering priority order To identify adaptation and mitigation measures in 6 areas in Ho Chi Minh City with implementation policies for each area To suggest adaptation and mitigation projects (programs) in 6 areas To illustrate ways and means of implementation of HCMC Climate Change Action Plan, including financial resources, progress management, and implementation structure

53 1.4 Scope Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) The scopes of HCMC Climate Change Action Plan include both adaptation and mitigation measures for climate change. Adaptation measures have been deeply studied by Rotterdam City in the recent years. Therefore, this Action Plan reflects these adaptation measures. On the other hand, this Action Plan identifies mitigation measures for climate change, including quantitative assessment of current and future GHG emissions in Ho Chi Minh City. Applicable fields stretch across all aspects of social activity including land usage, energy, traffic, and waste, and this plan will be established through the cooperation of various Ho Chi Minh City related departments

54 2. Legal Framework & Policy and Implementation Period 2.1 Legal Basis Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) The plan shall be prepared in accordance with the following noted legal codes. - Decision No.1474/QĐ-TTg dated 10/05/2012 of Minister about publishing Climate Change Action Plan for the period Resolution No. 24-NQ/TW the 7th Conference of the Central Executive Committee of the XIth actively respond to climate change, enhance resource management and environmental protection - Resolution No. 08/NQ-CP dated issued by the Government on implementation of the action program Resolution 24-NQ/TW the 7th Conference of the Central Executive Committee of the initiative XI response to climate change, enhance resource management and environmental protection - Action Plan of the City Commission 34-CTrHD/TU on the implementation of Resolution No. 24-NQ/TW of the Party Central Committee XI to actively respond to climate change, strengthen financial management Resources and environmental Protection - The master plan of Ho Chi Minh City in 2025 by the Prime Minister approved the Decision dated 06/01/ /QD-TTg; /QD-UBND dated Decision of the Municipal People's Committee approving action plan to respond to climate change in the area of Ho Chi Minh City to 2015 period; - Framework Plan guides action in response to climate change of the industry, together with the local dispatch dated 13/10/ /BTNMT-KTTVBDKH Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment; - Document dated 19/03/ /VP-DTMT of the municipal People's Committee for approval Affairs Natural Resources and Environment Action Plan for the city of Ho Chi Minh

55 2.2 Upper Level Plan Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) The Vietnamese government has enacted the National Target Program to respond to climate change (NTP-RCC) which presents a basic framework for climate change countermeasures which include the division of labor between various agencies of the government, budget, scheduling, etc. The first NTP-RCC was enacted in 2008 to cover the period from 2009 to Thereafter, a revised edition was enacted in 2012 covering the period from 2012 to 2015 reflecting that a 5 year plan National Target Program for and National Climate Change Strategy were established in In accordance with the NTP-RCC, each government agency and local administrative agency created action plans for each division and region. In addition, the Support Program to Respond to Climate Change (SP-RCC) was also established as a platform for coordinating support from other countries, and support is being received from sources including the World Bank, the Japan International Cooperation Agency and the French Agency for Development. While the NTP-RCC illustrates mid-term policy and a basic framework covering all of national policy, the National Climate Change Strategy established in 2011 illustrates long term policy until 2050 and also set target values for energy consumption, renewable energy generation and other climate change alleviation measures for each department. This strategy illustrates policy options for alleviation measures such as energy conservation promotion measures for each department, energy conservation and renewable energy oriented pricing systems, energy conservation product standard labeling systems, and setting of regulations and standards related to energy conservation for manufacturers. The Green Growth Strategy established in 2012 illustrates more detailed alleviation measures than the National Climate Change Strategy such as target values for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, manufacturing with low environmental burden, low environmental burden lifestyles, and promotion of sustainable consumption. The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) is responsible for the NTP-RCC and National Climate Change Strategy, however the Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI) and Ministry of Finance (MOF) are responsible for the Green Growth Strategy. The NTP-RCC and National Climate Change Strategy cover a wide number of fields related to climate change, and are focused more on adaptation measures and research than on alleviation measures, while the Green Growth Strategy is focused more on activities related to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The strategies themselves only illustrate policy, with the specific implementation frameworks to be constructed over the period from 2011 to Standards and labeling systems, greenhouse gas emission credit systems, related product and service market construction and vitalization, funding, technical support and other items are presented as policy options. In addition, in 2012, a management plan was approved for greenhouse gas emission and international carbon credit exchange. Reference is made to the construction of a carbon credit exchange system other than the Kyoto Protocol to be implemented by 2020, however no details on the system are provided. The

56 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) implementation plan for up to 2020 mentions the formation of a carbon market in addition to construction of a framework for a Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA) program and National Greenhouse Gas Inventory System. Targets set for greenhouse gas reductions by 2020 are based on 2005 total amounts and are 8% in the energy and transportation fields, 20% in the agricultural field, 20% in the land use, land use change and forestry fields (LULUCF) and 5% in the waste field

57 2.3 Target Years Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) This plan focuses on a detailed project plan to be implemented between 2016 and 2020, and also mentions nonbinding targets for up to 2030 as reference

58 3. City Outlook and Related Plans Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Climate change countermeasures are being studied based upon the development frameworks and development direction as well as the infrastructure plan details and priorities in the Ho Chi Minh City Comprehensive Plan, district level comprehensive plans and other related plans. 3.1 City Outlook With area of 2,095 km2 and the population of 10 million (including immigrants), HCM City is the second largest (after Hanoi) and the most populous city in Vietnam. As a special municipality, Ho Chi Minh City is the pioneer in the process of industrialization and urbanization and contributes increasingly into the development of the Region and the country. To govern this special and large city, the city government has a direction to divide Ho Chi Minh City into regions for development according to its own characteristics. According to the draft Scheme of Municipal Government, Ho Chi Minh City suggests to divide the city s area into 1 central city including 13 inner districts and independent city quarters (East, South, West and North satellite towns) as follows: - The East city quarter (or East City) includes District 2,9 and Thu Duc District with the area of 211km^2. The city center is a new urban area of Thu Thiem: Develop economy with the orientation of development of premium services and high technical services. - The South city quarter (or South City) includes District 7, Nha Be District, a part of District 8 (south part of Te Canal) and a part of Binh Chanh District with the area of 194 km^2: Develop economy with the orientation of development of port service and commercial services. - The North city quarter (or North City) includes District 12 and most of Hoc Mon District with the area of 149 km^2: Develop economy with the orientation of development of ecological services associated with high tech agriculture. - The West city quarter (or West City) includes Binh Tan District, a part of District 8 and a part of Binh Chanh District with the area of 191 km^2: Develop economy with the orientation of development of commercial services and industrial zones. According to the Master Plan of Socio- Economic Development of Ho Chi Minh city until 2020, vision to 2025, Ho Chi Minh city will be expanded and developed towards 4 directions with 6 areas of development: 04 urbanization directions: - The primary eastern direction lies a development corridor supported by Ho Chi Minh

59 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) City - Long Thanh - Dau Giay Expressway and Hanoi Highway. - The primary southern direction has a development corridor along Nguyen Huu Tho Road, which focuses on promoting local river and water characteristics and has low construction density. - The secondary northwest direction develops along National Assembly 22 - The secondary southwest takes the development corridor as Nguyen Van Linh Road 06 areas of development: - The urban development zone (13 inner existing districts, 6 new districts, towns and new urban areas); - Industrial development zone (new urban districts, Cu Chi, Hoc Mon, Binh Chanh and Nha Be districts); - Ecological - tourism zone (along the Sai Gon, Nha Be and Dong Nai rivers, Can Gio mangrove ecosystem); - Agricultural zone in combination with ecological belt (Cu Chi, Hoc Mon, Binh Chanh and Can Gio districts); - Rural residential zone (Cu Chi, Hoc Mon, Binh Chanh, Nha Be and Can Gio districts); Nature conservation zone (Can Gio mangrove forest, special-use protective forests in Cu Chi and Binh Chanh districts). The city space is also classified into 04 functional areas: - The existing urban area consists of 13 inner districts, covering a total area of approximately 14,200 ha and a tentative population of about 4.5 million by The expanded urban zone will include 06 new districts, covering 35,200 ha. - Towns, rural residential zones and new urban zones in 05 suburban districts, covering an area of about 160,200 ha. - Industrial zones and clusters including 01 high-tech park, 20 industrial zones and export processing zones and local industrial clusters with a total area of 8,792 ha. 3.2 Related Plans This plan was devised with reference to related plans including the Climate Change Action Plan ( ) (Resolution No. 24-NQ/TW), Climate Change Adaptation Strategy (CAS) and other past plans related to climate change, as well as Ho Chi Minh City urban planning, traffic, water resource master plans and other upper level plans in addition to the master plans each district

60 4. Past Activities for Climate Change 4.1 Implementation Status of National Missions Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) The following programs are being implemented as national missions. - Research and assessment on the effects of climate change on social economics and management - Implementation of countermeasures for Ho Chi Minh City climate change alleviation and improvement of adaptation capabilities - Educational activities for improvement of awareness related to climate change among city employees, political organizations, social organizations, businesses and community residents - Management capability training on handling climate change for city employees 4.2 Implementation Status of International Cooperation Missions The following programs are being implemented as international cooperation missions. Cooperation with Rotterdam, Netherlands - Implementation of "Development of Coastlines Adapted to Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change" project Cooperation with Osaka, Japan - Implementation of a "Low Carbon City" program through cooperation between Ho Chi Minh City and Osaka City based on a Joint Crediting Mechanism - Implementation of an integrated solid waste management program which includes use of energy from waste

61 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) 4.3 Implementation Status of Climate Change Countermeasures Of the projects mentioned in the Climate Change Action Plan ( ), the projects listed in the following table are being implemented. There are a large number of programs which have not yet been able to be implemented according to plan due to mainly delays in work towards commercialization and financial limitations. Table Implemented Projects Project Implementation Period Introduction of 300 CNG buses 2012 Construction of subway line Construction of subway line Construction of BRT 1 line on Vo Van Kiet - Mai Chi Tho roads Project to reduce waterworks leak ratios Investment project to reduce water leak ratios, expand water supply networks and reinforce SAWACO organizations Planting of 500,000 trees along banks of rivers and canals Project for forest preserves, and renewal and preservation of industrial woods in historical, cultural people's parks Tree planting to prevent landslides in Can Gio region

62 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) 5. Current Situations and Future Prospects of Climate Change 5.1 Current Climate Change Conditions in Ho Chi Minh City Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions amounts in Ho Chi Minh City as of 2013 are shown in the following table. Active mass information is mainly collected from managing organizations and as such is very accurate with a high degree of reliability. In addition, although the major industrial fields are covered, at present some fields, such as "industry" and "land use and forestry" have not been calculated, so not all fields can be covered. Table Green House Gas (GHG) Emission Amounts in Ho Chi Minh City (As of 2013) [Estimates] Field According to IPCC guidelines and Ho Chi Minh City reports GHG Emission Amount (1,000 t-co2) [Carbon Dioxide Equivalent] Notes Energy 16, % of total for Vietnam (2005) Fuel 5, Electricity 11,524,65 Hydroelectric generation related Industry Not yet calculated Mainly from electricity use Agriculture % of total for Vietnam (2005) Land use and forestry Not yet calculated Waste treatment % of total for Vietnam (2005) Waste treatment facilities Effluent treatment Not yet calculated Household effluent, industrial effluent, medical effluent Other Incineration, compost GHG emission amounts Total 18, The energy, agriculture and waste treatment fields make up 8.9% of the total for Vietnam (2005) Notes: Estimated by IGES based on data collected from the Ho Chi Minh City Natural Resources and Environment, Climate Change Bureau. IPCC2006 guidelines used as reference. Results may be revised in the event of data additions or corrections. "Industry" and "Land Use and Forestry" fields are not yet calculated

63 5.2 Future Prospects of Climate Change in Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) According to National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) provisional estimates, if CO2 reduction measures are not implemented (and current trends continue), the CO2 emissions for Ho Chi Minh City in 2030 are predicted to be 162Mt-CO2. In addition, according to the same study, if CO2 emission reduction measures are implemented, provisional estimates show a potential decrease of 34.2Mt-CO2 (21%)

64 6. Plan Targets 6.1 Targets for Adaptation Measure Implementation Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) The plan aims for Ho Chi Minh City to adapt to future climate change in order to become a safer and more appealing place for resident living, as well as social and economic activities. Regret-free Win-Win projects and activities for existing problems are promoted as adaptive measures. Even if strict alleviation measures are implemented, it is not possible to completely avoid the effects of present climate change, so adaptive measures are vital for the handling of near effects

65 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) 6.2 Targets for Mitigation Measure Implementation (Greenhouse Gas Reduction Targets) GHG reduction targets for 2020 are an absolute target of 2 Mt-CO2 or higher, and a non-binding target of reduction of BaU ratio % for all of Ho Chi Minh City. In addition, the future target reduction for 2030 is %. Absolute values and reduction ratios for GHG emission reduction targets are noted together. Calculation formulas and other details are included as supplements. Field Reference Table Reduction Targets [Estimates (As of January 2015)] GHG Reduction Amount (1,000 t-co2) Notes Land use Energy Fuel 91 Electricity 1,056 Traffic Industrial Water resources Waterworks 42 Waste treatment Solid waste treatment Effluent treatment, etc. 746 Agriculture 1,102 Health 5 Construction fields 53 GHG reduction target totals 3,095 17% reduction of the emission amount [estimates] as of 2013 Minimum target values 2,000 11% reduction of same

66 7. Measures To Achieve Targets Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) 7.1 Philosophy on Implementation Policy in Ho Chi Minh City It is important to not only position climate change adaptation and alleviation measures in Ho Chi Minh City's major policies, but also for to implement a full-fledged approach for these measures. It is necessary for these measures to be considered important policy issues, and allocate personnel and budget on a priority basis, work towards conversion to social systems which are compatible with climate change, improvement the quality of resident lives, and work towards building a low carbon society built on twin foundations of economics and environment. During the implementation of these measures, priority must studied to contribute to the security of safety and growth strategies for citizen lives with a scientific basis, such as economic rationality. 7.2 Measures for Actualization of Policy Use of international cooperative frameworks to receive technical and financial support are indispensable for shifting towards a low carbon society in a single step while still maintaining economic development. When implementing a climate change countermeasure project, JCMs (Joint Crediting Mechanism) and other frameworks are used at each stage, from agenda formation and feasibility studies (FS) to procurement of project funding

67 7.3 Measures in 10 Sectors Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) In Ho Chi Minh City, the measures and policy for achieving greenhouse gas reduction targets are categorized into the following 10 fields, with efficient and effective promotion of climate change countermeasures through proactive and independent handling by the lead policy organizations in each field. 10 Fields for Measures and Policy for Achievement of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Targets 1 Land Use Sector 2 Energy Sector 3 Transportation Sector 4 Industrial Sector 5 Water Resources Management Sector 6 Waste Management Sector 7 Agricultural Sector 8 Health Sector 9 Construction Sector 10 Tourism Sector

68 (1) Land Use Sector Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Aimed at improving city value and resolving policy issues through guided land use such as appropriate allocation of venous industry facilities, open spaces and wooded areas. Table Measures in Land Use Sector Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Development of Land Use Regulations and its Operation Legislation such as laws, regulations, codes, and ordinances for City Administration will be developed and taken into effect, and operated. Urban areas Appropriate facility allocation Planning & Architecture High Appropriate Site Allocation of Venous Industry Infrastructure Venous industry infrastructures necessary for urban development will be allocated in advance in a appropriate manner. 4 satellite cities suburban region District 4 - Appropriate and smooth transportation and treatment of waste, due to the appropriate facility allocation. Planning & - Construction of necessary infrastructure Architecture before other urban exploration. Medium Selection of Model Region to implement measures Model region will be set where integrated climate change mitigation measures in the 10 sectors. District 4 Nha Be District Precautionary and intensive response can be taken in the area with emergency. Planning & Architecture Medium Appropriate Management of Large-scale Green Lands Large-scale green lands located in parks will be appropriately Nha Be District managed, through the tree Can Gio District thinning, revegetation, replantation, etc. - Enhancement of CO2 absorptions - Conservation of biodiversity - Good scenery Planning & Architecture Medium Afforestation and greening Promotion of park maintenance and tree planting of road and pedestrian space in the urban area. Urban areas -Relaxation of the heat island effect -Increase in quantity of CO2 absorption. -Formation of good landscapes. Planning & Architecture Medium Build wind channels (green corridors) The atmospheric cooling in a city center by building channels for wind from the suburbs. Urban areas -Reduction of energy and the CO2 of the air-conditioning system by the temperature drop. Planning & Architecture

69 (2) Energy Sector Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Implements educational activities and promotes energy efficiency improvement programs in order to lead to an energy conservation society. Also reduces fossil fuel usage amounts and promotes use of renewable energies. Table Measures in Energy Sector (1/2) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Energy efficiency technology applied to buildings Commercial bldg. Energy saving equipment and Industrial park control system will be installed as a Public bldg. & package. premises Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High ESCO Project Cost saved through the reduced energy consumptions will cover the cost for the installation of energy saving/energy efficiency equipment. ESCO (Energy Saving Company) entity will first pay for the initial installation cost and be paid from the saved costs to reimburse the initial cost. Commercial bldg. Industrial park Public bldg. & premises Residential house Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High High Efficiency Lighting CFL(compact fluorescent light) or LED(light emitting diode) lamps with less electricity consumption will replace existing lighting equipment. Urban areas Commercial bldg. Industrial park Residential house Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High High Efficiency Air Conditioners High efficiency air conditioners with inverter control function or with air-cooled heat pump system will be introduced. Commercial bldg. Shopping mall Industrial park Residential house Hospitals Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High Energy Efficiency Improvement Facilities to be installed at Small/Medium Enterprises High efficiency compressors, motors, lightings, fans/circulators, air conditioners, and OA equipments will be introduced. Commercial bldg. Industrial park Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High Introduction of Photovoltaic Power Generation Photovoltaic power generation system (CO2 free) will be introduced. Shopping mall Industrial parks Residential house Public bldg. & premises Unused space Rented roof Ben Thanh Market Elementary school in District 4 - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale - Installation of competitive Japanese technology evaluated by life cycle costs from purchase through OM, recycling, and disposal Industry & Trade High Introduction of Solar Water Heater Solar water heater by using thermal energy from sunshine will be introduced to supply heated water. Shopping mall Residential house Hospital in District 4 - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Low installation costs compared to PV system Industry & Trade

70 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures in Energy Sector (2/2) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Installation of Energy Saving Glasses Efficiency of air conditioning system will be improved through the installation of energy saving glasses with high adiabaticity and high airtightness. Commercial bldg. Public bldg. & premises Residential house Light, fuel and water expenses are reduced by the improvement of adiabatic effect. Industry & Trade Medium Rooftop and/or Wall Greening Big buildings to be Greening on building rooftops newly constructed and/or walls will contribute to Elementary school limiting the increase of temperature and hospital in of buildings. District 4 - Increase of carbon sink in the urban area with limited space - Abatement of urban heat island effects resulting from environmental improvement - Reduction and/or slow down of rainfall flows - Improvement of urban scenery - Improvement of QUL due to creation of recreation area - Cleaning of air quality (such as absorption of NOx and SOx) Industry & Trade Medium Introduction of Small-scale Hydropower Generation Unused energy by small-scale hydropower generation will be utilized, through the utilization of remaining pressure in flowing water into service reservoir. Water distribution stations Canals - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Introduction of Wind Power Generation Wind power generation system (CO2 free) will be introduced. Place with wind resources Suburban area - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Regional Energy Supply System Urban energy supply system with high energy efficiency will be introduced. The system is composed of intensive management of electricity and thermal energy generated from cogeneration utilizing waste heat from buildings and river waters, at block level. Coastal areas Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade

71 (3) Transportation Sector Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Promotes educational programs related to appropriate traffic use. In addition, also aims to prepare and maintain public transportation facilities as well as traffic nodes to reduce automobile traffic, and ensure smooth connections. Also introduces traffic systems which use clean energy. Table Measures in Transportation Sector (1/2) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Construction of Subway Modal shift to public transportation by construction of subway Urban area - Mitigation of traffic congestion - Improvement of air quality Transportation High Shift to CNG bus Shift from gasoline bus to CNG bus which emits less CO2 Urban area Reduction of CO2 emission Transportation High Restructuring of bus route network Increase in frequencies, expansion of bus transportation services, and restructuring of bus network suitable for the use of subway will be implemented to enhance quality and convenience of public transportation service. Urban area - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation High Introduction of Park & Bus Ride System Introduction of Park & Bus Ride system and development of parkings to enhance quality and convenience of public transportation Shopping mall Transportation hub (terminal) Aeon Mall #1 - Reduction of CO2 emissions and energy consumptions, due to increased users of energy efficient public transportation - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality - Increment of customers for shopping malls with transportation hubs Transportation High Development of Rapid Bus System (BRT) Introduction of bus transport system with high-quanlity fanction including punctuality and rapidity and increased carrying capacity, by the integrated means of the introduction of 2-car buses, the introduction of PTPS (Public Transportation Priority System), and bus priority lanes, etc. Urban area - Reduction of energy and the CO2 by the use increase in public transport having high transportation energy efficiency - Mitigation of traffic congestion - Improvement of air quality Transportation High Promotion of Eco-Driving with Digital Tachographs Promote eco-driving of logistic truck/vehicle drivers through the eco-driving programme based on the collection and analysis of data of fuel consumptions, run distance, driving attitude, etc. Entire HCMC - Improvement of fuel efficiency - Reduction of traffic accidents Transportation

72 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures in Transportation Sector (2/2) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Traffic Demand Management Optimization of traffic demand of private vehicle and public transportation is promoted, and smooth transportation flow is comprehensively ensured. Specifically, route guidance, traffic controls/regulations, and the Urban area provision of information on congestion and detour routes are executed to optimize traffic demands, by changes in means/route, changes in time, and effective use of vehicles (shareride, car sharing, etc.). - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Medium Development of underground malls Creating pedestrian space in the underground area by developing underground malls Urban area - Mitigation of traffic jams - Pedestrian's safety - Development of underground malls Transportation Medium Promotion of Use of Subway Promote the use of subway as an alternative transportation mode, to achieve modal shift to public transportation Urban area - Mitigation of traffic congestion - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Collection and management of traffic information Collect and manage information on traiffic volume, occurrence status of congestion, required travel time, Urban area etc. as basic information for traffic demand management - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Wide-range traffic control Mitigate traffic congestion by traffic light cycle management by collecting information on traffic volume and congestion Urban area - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Modernization of road system Facilitate smooth traffic flows by separation of pedestrians and automobile, establishment of traffic Entire HCMC regulations, and traffic education programme, etc. - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Road Improvement/Renovation (to mitigate traffic congestion) Improve traveling performance and mitigate automobile traffic congestion by increasing traffic capacity through newly construction and widening of roads Entire HCMC, - Reduction of CO2 emissions especially District 4 - Reduction of fuel costs Transportation Low Introduction of Electric Motorbikes Modal shift from gasoline motorbikes to electric motorbikes (with less CO2 emissions) will be promoted. For this, plug-in stations will be necessarily constructed, to enhance convenience of electric motorbike use. Shopping mall Transportation hub (terminal) - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Reduction of fuel costs - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Facilitation of Road Greening Facilitate planting trees on roadside Urban area Highway - Improvement of air quality - Increase in CO2 absorption - Generation of leafy shade (against heatisland phenomenon) - Formation of landscape Transportation

73 (4) Industrial Sector Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Aims to implement technology transfer and introduce new technologies as well as promote afforestation. Table Measures in Industrial Sector Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Kiln Environmentally sound fuel will be Operation used, and waste heat and/or waste Technoniques/Technologies material will be reused. Factories - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Use of waste heat High Greening of factory sites and industrial parks Factory sites and industrial parks will be greened through planting trees. Factories and industrial parks - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Improvement of landscape

74 (5) Water Resources Management Sector Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Promotes water conservation educational activities, leak countermeasures and water supply management in order to realize energy usage reductions and stable water supplies. Table Measures in Water Resources Management Sector (1/2) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Stable Water Intake Facility Water-resource development Lake Tri An and Lake Dau Tieng, both Areas where water of which are located at upstream is supplied by of current water source rivers SAWACO (Saigon River and Dong Nai River) Tapped water quality improvement SAWACO High Improvement of Leakage from Clean Water Pipe Networ Implement the effective measures to prevent water leakage from pipelines. Areas where water is supplied by SAWACO - Effective water use promoted through the water leakage improvement - Leakage ratio: 35% SAWACO High The construction of water distribution facilities and the Introduction of Water introduction of water distribution Distribution Management to management achieve the Entire HCMC Improve Water Supply appropriate management of water System pressures within the city, to ensure the quality of supplied tapped water. - Optimization of pump energy use in whole water supply system, through appropriate infrastructure arrangement for water distribution - Save of pump energy use at individual hoseholds, through ensuring the SAWACO appropriate water pressures - Reduction of CO2 emissions from manufacturing and transporting bottled waters, by curving the consumptions of bottled water resulted from the stable supply of safe tapped water High Prevention of River Water Infiltration Development of dikes West coast in District 4 South coast in District 4 Frequently flooded areas (such as Nha Be District, etc.) Mitiagation of flood damages SAWACO High Development of stormwater reservoir Development of stormwater reservoir Frequently flooded areas (such as Nha Be District, etc.) Mitiagation of flood damages SAWACO

75 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures in Water Resources Management Sector (2/2) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Introduction of Anti-Flood Facilities such as Pumps and Watertight Doors Anti-flood facilities such as pumps and watertight doors will be introduced. Buildings located in frequently flooded areas - Mitigation of damages from flood and high tide due to sea level rise as one of climate change adverse effects - Safe urban area SAWACO Medium Promotion of reuse of rainwater Through maintenance of rainwater storage facilities and introduction of water storage and purification equipments, reuse of rainwater for tap water, toilet water, and other water use will be promoted Frequently Flooded areas Districut 4 Nha Be District Industrial parks Market - Prevention of flood disaster - Safe urban area - Prevention of land sinkage due to reuse of stored rainfall water SAWACO - Reduced running cost resulting from the reduced clean water consumptions. - Response to water supply shortage Medium Development of Hazard Map Hazard map of HCMC will be developed, to show the estimated flooded areas and flood damages, as well as information necessary for evacuation (routes and place). Frequently flooded areas (in District 4 and Nha Be District, etc.) Mitigation of damages SAWACO Medium Levelling of Lands Lands of lowlands (altitude 0) urban areas will be escalated by piled-up clay. District 7 Frequently flooded areas (in District 4 and Nha Be District, etc.) - Mitigation of damages from flood and high tide - Safe urban area SAWACO Medium Water-saving equipment will be Promotion and Distribution installed to reduce clean water of Water-Saving Equipment consumption. Hotel Office Residential house Response to water supply shortage SAWACO Low Wastewater Treatment and Recycling (with Water Purification Equipment) Sewage and rainfall water to be filtrated and sterilized will be reused for industrial use, for toilets, and for cleaning. District 4 Nha Be District Industrial park Response to water supply shortage SAWACO Low Establishment of Sewage Ledger System Properties for sewage treatment will be managed appropriately. Ben Ghe ward in District 1 Appropriate properties (sewer culverts) management to achieve effective of operation and maintenance of properties SAWACO Low Introduction of Permeable Pavement Permeable pavement will be introduced on urban roads, to promote the groundwater recharge. Urban area Reduced the amount of wastewater treatment, by infiltration of rainfalls to underground SAWACO

76 (6) Waste Management Sector Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Ensures thorough separation and collection of household waste and promotes bio gas power generation and waste incineration power generation. Table Measures in Waste Management Sector(1/2) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Commissions for Kitchen Organic waste emitted from Waste Segregation and households will be segregated and Collection (and Intermediate collected. Treatment) Residential house area District 1 District 4 - Prolonged lifetime of landfill site, and reduced amount of wastes - Environmental education (Citizens' awareness raising) - Energy recovery from waste as renewable energy sources - Expected dramatic waste amount reduction if many segregation categories are introduced. Natural Resources & Environment High Biogas-based Power Generation Electricity is generated from biogas recovered through the methane digestion system, which ferments organic wastes such as food waste. Organic wastes should be segregated and collected in advance. Binh Dien Wholesale Market District 1 (Da Phuac Solid Waste Treatment Complex in Binh Chanh) District 4 - Prolonged lifetime of landfill site, and reduced amount of wastes - Sanitary waste treatment - Energy gained from waste - Revenue from power sale Natural Resources & Environment High Electricity Generation from Solid Waste Incineration Electricity generation system utilizing waste heat from solid waste incineration plant will be introduced. Cu Chi Waste Treatment Complex at Tay Bac in Phuoc Hiep, Cu Chi - Prolonged lifetime of landfill site, and reduced amount of wastes - Sanitary waste treatment - Energy gained from waste - Revenue from power sale - Appropriate waste treatment process fitting to the situation of high temperature and high humidity Natural Resources & Environment High Hazardous Waste Segregation and Collection Strict regulations for hazardous waste segregation, collection, Industrial factories transportation, and disposal emitted Hospitals from industrial factories should be introduced. - Appropriate management of industrial and hospital/medical wastes - Security and safety Natural Resources & Environment High Electric Manifest for Waste Management Through the electric manifest for waste management, the industrial waste flow is grasped based on the reports on type and treatment measures obliged to be submitted by waste emitters, and the reports Entire HCMC on waste transportation and disposal completion by waste treating entities, to prevent illegal waste disposal and to ensure appropriate industrial waste treatment. - Appropriate waste management - Security and safety - Prevention of illegal waste disposal Natural Resources & Environment

77 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures in Waste Management Sector(2/2) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Reduction and Reuse of Sewage Sludge Sewage sludge is incinerated and melted, to recycle them as construction materials. Sewage plants - Life extension of landfill sites - Reduction of amount of wastes - Sanitary waste treatment - Reuse of dissolved slag as paver Natural Resources & Environment Medium Systematic revision of charging fees for waste collection Reduction of the waste by charging each household for waste Entire HCMC collection according to the amount of garbage -Life extension of landfill sites (reduction of solid waste) Natural Resources & Environment

78 (7) Agricultural Sector Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Promotes embankment construction and other adaptive measures as well as programs to reduce emissions in agricultural activities. Table Measures in Agricultural Sector Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Prevention of Mudslides by Planting Trees Planting trees on river embankments is promoted, to prevent mudslides at the river banks. Binh Tahnh District 28 wards Can Gio District Increased CO2 absorptions through appropriate management, such as tree thining and complementary planting Agriculture & Rural Development High Introduction of Watersaving Pumps with Utilization of Renewable Energy Water-saving pumps with utilization of renewable energy will be introduced. Dong Canal area in Cu Chi District (10ha of agricultural land) - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction Agriculture & Rural Development Medium Biogas-based Electric Power Generation from Livestock Manure Biogas (mainly composed of methane gas) is recovered through the digestors (with anaerovic Agricultural digestion) of livestock manure, and communities is utilized as fuel for cogenaration systems, to generate electricity. - Reduction of utility costs - CO2 emission reduction - Income from electric power selling Agriculture & Rural Development Medium Reduction of Agricultural Chemicals and Fertilizers Usage Use of agricultural chemicals and fertilizers is reduced. Agricultural fields 0 Agriculture & Rural Development Medium Improvemnet in Agricultural Product Varieties Resilient to Climate Change Effects Climate change-resistant species of agricutural products will be developed, through the cultivar improvement and other methods. Agricultural communities - Conservation of farm and green lands - Create new agricultural revenue resources Agriculture & Rural Development Medium Promoting development of Promoting cultivation of new production technology of varieties in farmland and crops in response to climate experiments of new cultivation change technology Cu Chi District - Presevation of agricultural lands - Creation of new revenue sources in agriculture Agriculture & Rural Development Medium Development of agricultural model that contribute to low-carbon and energysaving Development and operation of criteria that contribute to re-use and suppression of irrigation water, introduction of energysaving equipments, and regulation of pesticides Can Gio District Cu Chi District - Reduction of utility costs Agriculture & Rural Development

79 (8) Health Sector Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Implements personnel training, and appropriate management of effluents and wastes. Table Measures in Health Sector Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Human Resources Development of Medical Personnel in Hospital Hospital medical staff (such as doctors) will be sent to Japan and be trained, to obtain the up-to-date advanced madical technology. Medical roffesional staff of new hospitals to be opened Improvement of medical healthcare systems Health Medium - Improvement of hygiene management at hospitals - Appropriate treatment of medical/hospital waste and wastewater Improvement of hygienic environment in hospitals will be promoted, and waste and/or wastewater with the risk of infectious diseases emitted from hospitals will be appropriately treated, to secure good health of patients and neighborhood residents. Entire HCMC - Ensuring health of patients - Conservation of water quality in public waters - Securement of good health of neighborhood residents Health Medium - Countermeasures against Existing Diseases whose Occuration in a Different Manner - Countermeasures against New Infectuous Diseases - Countermeasures agains Ailen Species - Decrease in Morbidity (Rate of Illnesses) New infections will be investigated, and emergency medical facilities will be established. Entire HCMC Ensuring health and security of citizens Health

80 (9) Construction Sector Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Aims to lead to environmentally friendly construction and introduction of energy conservation materials. Table Measures in Construction Sector Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Development of design criteria of eco-friendly buildings By developing design criteria of eco-friendly buildings, environmental impact of new buildings will be reduced Entire HCMC - Reduction of CO2 emissions and utilities costs Construction High Introduction of Energy Efficient Building Materials The building materials with well insulation and high airtightness will Public facilities be used, to improve efficiency of Residence air-conditioning. Lower energy costs due to improvement of heat insulating effect Construction Medium Introduction of Incentive to Environmentally Sound Buildings Increased floor area ration beyond the regulatied value as a bonus will be provided to the environmentall Urban area sound buildings, to promote to reduce environmental adverse impact on the construction. - Implementation of enviromental poilcy/measures with less public administrative expenditures Construction - Lower energy costs and the reduction of CO2 emission Medium Construction of Long-lived Building Durability of buildings will be improved, through the introduction of new building standard in the Construction sites construction regulations/ordinances. Reduction of CO2 emissions due to the Improvement of durability and extention of building life-span Construction Medium Effective Use of Discharged Water and Solid Waste Discharged wastewater, dredged sludge, and construction scrap materials from construction sites will be recycled and reused. Construction sites - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Limitation of waste emissions Construction Medium Introduction of Energy Efficient Constructing Machine Hybrid construction vehicle and other machine will be introduced in Construction sites the new construction sites. - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Lower fuel cost due to the Improvement of fuel consumption Construction - Improvement of air pollution

81 (10) Tourism Sector Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Aims to preserve eco-tourism areas and traditional villages and construct a waterway transportation network. Table Tourism Sector Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Water Traffic Network Ships/boats will be operated as an alternative transport mode to ground transportation. Rivers and Canals - Mitigation of road traffic - Creation of new tourism resource such as cruise ships Tourism Medium Planning of eco resort Promote the creation of tourism resources that is environmentfriendly by promoting eco resort development Can Gio District - Reduction of CO2 emissions -creation of new tourism resources Tourism Medium Promotion of ecotourism Develop eco-tourism in villages along the coasts District 9 Cu Chi District - Reduction of CO2 emissions Hoc Mon Discrict -creation of new tourism resources Nha Be District -Preservation of natural environment Binh Chanh District Tourism Medium Publicity of greeenhouse gas absorption effects of protected forests Promote the preservation of natural environment and awareness building of the citizen for climate Entire HCMC change by publicizing the CO2 absorption effects of protected forests in Can Gio District -Preservation of natural environment -awareness building for climate change Tourism

82 8. Climate Change Countermeasures by Area 8.1 Philosophy on Implementation Policy by Area Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) The geographical features and district formation differ for different areas within Ho Chi Minh City, so the effects and potential damages of climate change also differ. For this reason, the climate change countermeasures and policy which must be prioritized also differ by area. In this plan, Ho Chi Minh City is divided into 6 areas (1 city area, 4 satellite cities, 1 agricultural area) and the measures and policy established in the "Measures and Policy for Target Achievement" are reorganized for each area based on the area's current conditions and characteristics. The range and regional characteristics of each of the 6 areas are shown below. Characteristics of Each Area Area Name Range Characteristics Area A Ho Chi Minh City center (13 districts) Area on which emphasis is placed in urban development Area B Ho Chi Minh City East [211 km 2 ] (District 2, District 9, Thu Duc District) Area on which emphasis is placed for important luxury service industries and high tech industries Area C Ho Chi Minh City South [194 km 2 ] (District 7, Nah Be District, portions of Area where ports and commercial services are concentrated District 8) Area D Ho Chi Minh City North [149 km 2 ] (District 12, Hoc Mon District) Area on which emphasis is placed for eco service industries merged with high tech agriculture Area E Ho Chi Minh City West [191 km 2 ] (Binh Tan District, portions of District 8, Binh Chanh District) Area where service industry and industrial zones are concentrated Area F Agricultural Zone Agriculture and natural environment (Portions of District 8, Cu Chi District, preservation area Can Gio District)

83 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) F D B A E C F Figure 6 areas in Ho Chi Minh City

84 8.2 Measures for Different Areas *Refer to the Policy for Different Areas List included in the appendix. Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) (1) Area A: Ho Chi Minh City center (13 districts) This area is the area on which emphasis for urban development is placed as well as the area with the highest population concentration, so priority is placed on land use, energy, traffic, water resources management, waste and construction fields. (2) Area B: Ho Chi Minh City East ((District 2, District 9, Thu Duc District) This area is an area on which emphasis is placed for important luxury service industries and high tech industries, so priority is placed on energy, industrial, water resources management, and construction fields. (3) Area C: Ho Chi Minh City South (District 7, Nah Be District, portions of District 8) This area is an area where ports and commercial services are concentrated, so priority is placed on energy, water resources management, and construction fields. (4) Area D: Ho Chi Minh City North (District 12, Hoc Mon District) This area is an area on which emphasis is placed for eco service industries merged with high tech agriculture, so priority is placed on energy, waste, and construction fields. (5) Area E: Ho Chi Minh City West (Binh Tan District, portions of District 8, Binh Chanh District) This area is an area where service industry and industrial zones are concentrated, so priority is placed on energy, industrial, water resources management, waste, and construction fields. (6) Area F: Agricultural Zone (Portions of District 8, Cu Chi District, Can Gio District) This area is an agriculture and natural environment preservation area, so priority is placed on water resources management, agricultural and tourism fields

85 9. Specific Projects 9.1 Specific Projects by Area Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Detailed projects are promoted aimed at the achievement of the greenhouse gas reduction targets specified in this plan based on the policies established for each area. Table Specific Projects for Area A (1/2) Measure Project Project Summary Implementation Effects Agency Target Year Biogas-based Power Generation Organic waste methane fermentation and gas utilization in the wholesale market Provide biogas-based power by separately collecting arganic waste, performing anaerobic treatment with methane fermentation system, and recovering biogas at Bihn Dien Market Natural Resources and Environment 2016 Energy efficiency technology applied to buildings Promotion of Green Hospital by energysaving and environmetal improvement at state-run hospital Achieve energy savings of hospitals and improve comfortability and air quality through energy management GHG Reduction Amount: system (EMS) that effectively Approximately 40%/yr. combines inverter air conditioners and total heat exchange ventilators 2016 Energy efficiency technology applied to buildings Introduction of energy-efficient technology to buildings Achieve energy savings of the entire building through optimization of air conditioning system and lighting equipment as well as energy management and control with smart BEMS CO2 Reduction Amount: 1,585 t/yr Introduction of Park & Bus Ride System Promotion of bus use by park-and-busride and eco-point system in cooperation with private commercial facility Promote park-and-bus-ride (P&BR) through implementing P&BR at Ieon Store and providing traffic eco-points to bus users (targeting motorcycle commuters) CO2 Reduction Amount: 585 t/yr. Transportation 2015 Comissions for Kitchen Waste Segregation and Collection (and Intermediate Treatment) Development of garbage circulation system Develop garbage circulation system through sorting and collecting household garbage, and utilizing resides of methane fermentation power generation as organic fertilizer 2015 Promotion of reuse of rainwater Rainwater reuse at elementary school in District 4 Through maintenance of rainwater storage facilities and introduction of water storage and purification equipments, reuse of rainwater for tap water, toilet water, and other water use will be promoted Natural Resources and Environment

86 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Specific Projects for Area A (2/2) Measure Project Project Summary Implementation Effects Agency Target Year Introduction of photovoltaic power generation Introduction of photovoltaic power generation at elementary school in District 4 Introduce photovoltaic power generation equipment at elementary school in District 4, and educate students and promote energy-saving of school facility Natural Resources and Environment Construction of subway Construction of subway Construction of subway in District 1 Transportation 2018 Development of rapid bus system (BRT) Introduction of BRT Introductionof BRT in District 1 Transportation 2018 Construct incineration plant for solid waste treatment with the capacity of tons/day Promote waste reduction by constructing incineration facilities for solid waste Natural Resources and Environment Construct hazardous waste treatment plant with the capacity of tons/day Natural Resources and Environment Energy recovery from landfill gas of Phuoc Hiep 2 landfill site Natural Resources and Environment Table Specific Projects for Area F Measure Project Project Summary Implementation Effects Agency Target Year Electricity Generation from Solid Waste Incineration Integrated Waste Power Generation Project Collect and sort municipal waste, generate power by methene fermentation of organic waste, and generate power by incinerating non-organic waste GHG Reduction Amount: 42,000 t/yr. Natural Resources and Environment 2017 Promotion of Eco-Driving with Digital Tachographs Eco-Drive Project utilizing digital tachographs The digital tachograph is attached to the track, to collect data for refueling quantity mileage and other driving behavior, to enlighten the eco & safe driving by continuously feeds back the analysis result to the driver. CO2 Reduction Amount: 310 ton/yr. Transportation 2015 Prevention of River Water Infiltration Development of agricultural model that contribute to low-carbon and energy-saving Upgrade the dykes and embankments system in Can Gio district Develop water-saving irrigation model towards modernization in combination with utilising pumping equipment using renewable energy sources The Program of planting trees in Prevention of Mudslides by riverbank and coastal areas to avoid Planting Trees tides erosion in Can Gio district Suppress the flood damage by renovating embankment Prevent landslides of riverbank by planting trees to river embankment People's Committee of Can Gio Agriculture and Rural Development Agriculture and Rural Development

87 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Other Specific Projects (Area Not Yet Specified) Measure Project Project Summary Implementation Effects Agency Target Year Energy efficiency technology applied to buildings Promotion of energy-saving hotels through development of BEMS Reduce energy consumption in typical hotels by introducing air GHG Reduction Amount: conditioning heat source 12%/yr. management, lighting system, and hot water supply system 2016 Development of Hazard Map Develop flood-risk warning map Hazard map of HCMC will be developed to show the estimated flooded areas and flood damages, as well as information necessary for evacuation Steering Center of the Urban Flood Control Program Ho Chi Minh City Development of design criteria of eco-friendly buildings Develop and publish Technical Manual for housing construction to adapt to climate change in the city and train urban management officers of districts and wards. Develop and publish Technical Manual for housing construction to adapt to climate change in the city and train urban management officers of districts and wards. Construction Develop and publish Technical Manual for urban planning to adapt to climate change in the city and train urban management officers districts and wards. Zoning and Architecture Apply energy efficient measures in urban life to reduce CO2 emissions; conduct pilot campaigns to promote energy efficient appliances in households. Industry and Trade Develop economical and efficient use of energy in enterprises to reduce GHG emissions and conduct study on using clean and renewable energy in business. Industry and Trade High Efficiency Lighting Replace and renovate lighting system in alleys using high power consumption street lights to the power saving ones. Industry and Trade Technical assistance project in the implementation of climate change national target program in transportation and energy sectors Natural Resources and Environment Biogas-based Power Generation Introduction of photovoltaic power generation Pilot study of constructing the biogas powerplants to recover energy from waste of wholesale markets in HCM city. Pilot study of contructing solar power system for 100 households. Industry and Trade Industry and Trade

88 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Other Specific Projects (Area Not Yet Specified) Measure Project Project Summary Implementation Effects Agency Target Year Renewable energy plan in HCMC Industry and Trade - Countermeasures against Existing Diseases whose Occuration in a Different Manner - Countermeasures against New Infectuous Diseases Assess the impacts of climate change on the variety of diseases, seasonal epidemics and diseases to urban people and the possibility of other risks. Health Development of stormwater reservoir Design and construct reservoirs at Go Dua area, Thu Duc district Steering Center of the Urban Flood Control Program Ho Chi Minh City

89 10. Implementation of Action Plan 10.1 Financial Resources Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) The National Target Program to respond to climate change (NTP-RCC) established by the Vietnamese government presents a basic framework for funding related to climate change countermeasures. In this framework, the Support Program to Respond to Climate Change (SP-RCC) was also established as a platform for coordinating support from other countries, and support is being received from sources including the World Bank, the Japan International Cooperation Agency and the French Agency for Development. In order to realize this plan, projects will be promoted under international cooperation frameworks such as SP-RCC support and JCM (Joint Crediting Mechanisms) in addition to funding from Ho Chi Minh City

90 10.2 Progress Management Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) During the establishment of the plan, activities were implemented with consideration for the PDCA cycle: Plan (establish a plan), Do (implement), Check (understand and verify implementation status and measure effects), Action (feedback activities). GHG reduction targets are set based on GHG emission amounts (inventory studies, etc.) accompanying current economic activities, and policy is planned (Plan) to reduce GHG emissions. Next, each field's projects are implemented (Do) which allows for determination of GHG reduction effects and assessment of target achievement (Check). And finally, these assessment results are used as feedback (Action) to revise inventory study details and GHG emission reduction measures and further improve the accuracy of the plan. GHG Emissions caused by Current Economic Activities Check Measures to reduce GHG Emissions Review Implementation of Projects in each sector Future Forecast of GHG Emissions (without measures) Future Forecast of GHG Emissions (with measures) Target Set Reduction Effects Assessment Figure Progress Management

91 10.3 Implementation Structure Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Global warming countermeasures are implemented while coordinating to ensure compatibility with the achievement of urban planning, agricultural promotion planning and other policies related to control of greenhouse gas emissions, and as such promotion must be carried out in cooperation with the various departments and divisions of Ho Chi Minh City. For this reason, in order to cooperate and coordinate with a variety of parties including those involved in planning coordination, urban planning, traffic, agriculture, waste, and energy, advisory groups carry out management of plan progress at each department and area level, and education and private business representatives are also gradually included in promotion organizations. In addition, comprehensive personnel training and research and development are carried out in order to improve capabilities related to climate change, while environmental learning and educational activities aimed at residents are also implemented to improve environmental awareness. HCMC People s Committee District People s Committee Steering Committee for Climate Change HCMC Departments Universities & Institutions Private Businesses District Advisory Group Climate Change Bureau Department Advisory Group Figure Implementation Structure

92 Appendix: Measures for Different Areas Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) (1) Measures for Area A Table Measures for Area A (Land Use Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Development of Land Use Regulations and its Operation Legislation such as laws, regulations, codes, and ordinances for City Administration will be developed and taken into effect, and operated. Urban areas Appropriate facility allocation Planning & Architecture High Appropriate Site Allocation of Venous Industry Infrastructure Venous industry infrastructures necessary for urban development will be allocated in advance in a appropriate manner. 4 satellite cities suburban region District 4 - Appropriate and smooth transportation and treatment of waste, due to the appropriate facility allocation. Planning & - Construction of necessary infrastructure Architecture before other urban exploration. Medium Selection of Model Region to implement measures Model region will be set where integrated climate change mitigation measures in the 10 sectors. District 4 Nha Be District Precautionary and intensive response can be taken in the area with emergency. Planning & Architecture Medium Afforestation and greening Promotion of park maintenance and tree planting of road and pedestrian space in the urban area. Urban areas -Relaxation of the heat island effect -Increase in quantity of CO2 absorption. -Formation of good landscapes. Planning & Architecture Medium Build wind channels (green corridors) The atmospheric cooling in a city center by building channels for wind from the suburbs. Urban areas -Reduction of energy and the CO2 of the air-conditioning system by the temperature drop. Planning & Architecture Appendix

93 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area A (Energy Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Energy efficiency technology applied to buildings Commercial bldg. Energy saving equipment and Industrial park control system will be installed as a Public bldg. & package. premises Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High ESCO Project Cost saved through the reduced energy consumptions will cover the cost for the installation of energy saving/energy efficiency equipment. ESCO (Energy Saving Company) entity will first pay for the initial installation cost and be paid from the saved costs to reimburse the initial cost. Commercial bldg. Industrial park Public bldg. & premises Residential house Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High High Efficiency Lighting CFL(compact fluorescent light) or LED(light emitting diode) lamps with less electricity consumption will replace existing lighting equipment. Urban areas Commercial bldg. Industrial park Residential house Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High High Efficiency Air Conditioners High efficiency air conditioners with inverter control function or with air-cooled heat pump system will be introduced. Commercial bldg. Shopping mall Industrial park Residential house Hospitals Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High Energy Efficiency Improvement Facilities to be installed at Small/Medium Enterprises High efficiency compressors, motors, lightings, fans/circulators, air conditioners, and OA equipments will be introduced. Commercial bldg. Industrial park Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High Introduction of Photovoltaic Power Generation Photovoltaic power generation system (CO2 free) will be introduced. Shopping mall Industrial parks Residential house Public bldg. & premises Unused space Rented roof Ben Thanh Market Elementary school in District 4 - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale - Installation of competitive Japanese technology evaluated by life cycle costs from purchase through OM, recycling, and disposal Industry & Trade High Introduction of Solar Water Heater Solar water heater by using thermal energy from sunshine will be introduced to supply heated water. Shopping mall Residential house Hospital in District 4 - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Low installation costs compared to PV system Industry & Trade Appendix

94 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area A (Energy Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Installation of Energy Saving Glasses Efficiency of air conditioning system will be improved through the installation of energy saving glasses with high adiabaticity and high airtightness. Commercial bldg. Public bldg. & premises Residential house Light, fuel and water expenses are reduced by the improvement of adiabatic effect. Industry & Trade Medium Rooftop and/or Wall Greening Big buildings to be Greening on building rooftops newly constructed and/or walls will contribute to Elementary school limiting the increase of temperature and hospital in of buildings. District 4 - Increase of carbon sink in the urban area with limited space - Abatement of urban heat island effects resulting from environmental improvement - Reduction and/or slow down of rainfall flows - Improvement of urban scenery - Improvement of QUL due to creation of recreation area - Cleaning of air quality (such as absorption of NOx and SOx) Industry & Trade Medium Introduction of Small-scale Hydropower Generation Unused energy by small-scale hydropower generation will be utilized, through the utilization of remaining pressure in flowing water into service reservoir. Water distribution stations Canals - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Regional Energy Supply System Urban energy supply system with high energy efficiency will be introduced. The system is composed of intensive management of electricity and thermal energy generated from cogeneration utilizing waste heat from buildings and river waters, at block level. Coastal areas Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade Appendix

95 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area A (Transportation Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Construction of Subway Modal shift to public transportation by construction of subway Urban area - Mitigation of traffic congestion - Improvement of air quality Transportation High Shift to CNG bus Shift from gasoline bus to CNG bus which emits less CO2 Urban area Reduction of CO2 emission Transportation High Restructuring of bus route network Increase in frequencies, expansion of bus transportation services, and restructuring of bus network suitable for the use of subway will be implemented to enhance quality and convenience of public transportation service. Urban area - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation High Introduction of Park & Bus Ride System Introduction of Park & Bus Ride system and development of parkings to enhance quality and convenience of public transportation Shopping mall Transportation hub (terminal) Aeon Mall #1 - Reduction of CO2 emissions and energy consumptions, due to increased users of energy efficient public transportation - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality - Increment of customers for shopping malls with transportation hubs Transportation High Development of Rapid Bus System (BRT) Introduction of bus transport system with high-quanlity fanction including punctuality and rapidity and increased carrying capacity, by the integrated means of the introduction of 2-car buses, the introduction of PTPS (Public Transportation Priority System), and bus priority lanes, etc. Urban area - Reduction of energy and the CO2 by the use increase in public transport having high transportation energy efficiency - Mitigation of traffic congestion - Improvement of air quality Transportation High Promotion of Eco-Driving with Digital Tachographs Promote eco-driving of logistic truck/vehicle drivers through the eco-driving programme based on the collection and analysis of data of fuel consumptions, run distance, driving attitude, etc. Entire HCMC - Improvement of fuel efficiency - Reduction of traffic accidents Transportation Appendix

96 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area A (Transportation Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Traffic Demand Management Optimization of traffic demand of private vehicle and public transportation is promoted, and smooth transportation flow is comprehensively ensured. Specifically, route guidance, traffic controls/regulations, and the Urban area provision of information on congestion and detour routes are executed to optimize traffic demands, by changes in means/route, changes in time, and effective use of vehicles (shareride, car sharing, etc.). - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Medium Development of underground malls Creating pedestrian space in the underground area by developing underground malls Urban area - Mitigation of traffic jams - Pedestrian's safety - Development of underground malls Transportation Medium Promotion of Use of Subway Promote the use of subway as an alternative transportation mode, to achieve modal shift to public transportation Urban area - Mitigation of traffic congestion - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Collection and management of traffic information Collect and manage information on traiffic volume, occurrence status of congestion, required travel time, Urban area etc. as basic information for traffic demand management - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Wide-range traffic control Mitigate traffic congestion by traffic light cycle management by collecting information on traffic volume and congestion Urban area - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Modernization of road system Facilitate smooth traffic flows by separation of pedestrians and automobile, establishment of traffic Entire HCMC regulations, and traffic education programme, etc. - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Road Improvement/Renovation (to mitigate traffic congestion) Improve traveling performance and mitigate automobile traffic congestion by increasing traffic capacity through newly construction and widening of roads Entire HCMC, - Reduction of CO2 emissions especially District 4 - Reduction of fuel costs Transportation Low Introduction of Electric Motorbikes Modal shift from gasoline motorbikes to electric motorbikes (with less CO2 emissions) will be promoted. For this, plug-in stations will be necessarily constructed, to enhance convenience of electric motorbike use. Shopping mall Transportation hub (terminal) - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Reduction of fuel costs - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Facilitation of Road Greening Facilitate planting trees on roadside Urban area Highway - Improvement of air quality - Increase in CO2 absorption - Generation of leafy shade (against heatisland phenomenon) - Formation of landscape Transportation Appendix

97 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area A (Industrial Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Kiln Environmentally sound fuel will be Operation used, and waste heat and/or waste Technoniques/Technologies material will be reused. Factories - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Use of waste heat High Greening of factory sites and industrial parks Factory sites and industrial parks will be greened through planting trees. Factories and industrial parks - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Improvement of landscape Appendix

98 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area A (Water Resources Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Stable Water Intake Facility Water-resource development Lake Tri An and Lake Dau Tieng, both Areas where water of which are located at upstream is supplied by of current water source rivers SAWACO (Saigon River and Dong Nai River) Tapped water quality improvement SAWACO High Improvement of Leakage from Clean Water Pipe Networ Implement the effective measures to prevent water leakage from pipelines. Areas where water is supplied by SAWACO - Effective water use promoted through the water leakage improvement - Leakage ratio: 35% SAWACO High The construction of water distribution facilities and the Introduction of Water introduction of water distribution Distribution Management to management achieve the Entire HCMC Improve Water Supply appropriate management of water System pressures within the city, to ensure the quality of supplied tapped water. - Optimization of pump energy use in whole water supply system, through appropriate infrastructure arrangement for water distribution - Save of pump energy use at individual hoseholds, through ensuring the SAWACO appropriate water pressures - Reduction of CO2 emissions from manufacturing and transporting bottled waters, by curving the consumptions of bottled water resulted from the stable supply of safe tapped water High Prevention of River Water Infiltration Development of dikes West coast in District 4 South coast in District 4 Frequently flooded areas (such as Nha Be District, etc.) Mitiagation of flood damages SAWACO High Development of stormwater reservoir Development of stormwater reservoir Frequently flooded areas (such as Nha Be District, etc.) Mitiagation of flood damages SAWACO Appendix

99 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area A (Water Resources Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Introduction of Anti-Flood Facilities such as Pumps and Watertight Doors Anti-flood facilities such as pumps and watertight doors will be introduced. Buildings located in frequently flooded areas - Mitigation of damages from flood and high tide due to sea level rise as one of climate change adverse effects - Safe urban area SAWACO Medium Promotion of reuse of rainwater Through maintenance of rainwater storage facilities and introduction of water storage and purification equipments, reuse of rainwater for tap water, toilet water, and other water use will be promoted Frequently Flooded areas Districut 4 Nha Be District Industrial parks Market - Prevention of flood disaster - Safe urban area - Prevention of land sinkage due to reuse of stored rainfall water SAWACO - Reduced running cost resulting from the reduced clean water consumptions. - Response to water supply shortage Medium Development of Hazard Map Hazard map of HCMC will be developed, to show the estimated flooded areas and flood damages, as well as information necessary for evacuation (routes and place). Frequently flooded areas (in District 4 and Nha Be District, etc.) Mitigation of damages SAWACO Medium Levelling of Lands Lands of lowlands (altitude 0) urban areas will be escalated by piled-up clay. District 7 Frequently flooded areas (in District 4 and Nha Be District, etc.) - Mitigation of damages from flood and high tide - Safe urban area SAWACO Medium Water-saving equipment will be Promotion and Distribution installed to reduce clean water of Water-Saving Equipment consumption. Hotel Office Residential house Response to water supply shortage SAWACO Low Wastewater Treatment and Recycling (with Water Purification Equipment) Sewage and rainfall water to be filtrated and sterilized will be reused for industrial use, for toilets, and for cleaning. District 4 Nha Be District Industrial park Response to water supply shortage SAWACO Low Establishment of Sewage Ledger System Properties for sewage treatment will be managed appropriately. Ben Ghe ward in District 1 Appropriate properties (sewer culverts) management to achieve effective of operation and maintenance of properties SAWACO Low Introduction of Permeable Pavement Permeable pavement will be introduced on urban roads, to promote the groundwater recharge. Urban area Reduced the amount of wastewater treatment, by infiltration of rainfalls to underground SAWACO Appendix

100 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area A (Waste Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Commissions for Kitchen Organic waste emitted from Waste Segregation and households will be segregated and Collection (and Intermediate collected. Treatment) Residential house area District 1 District 4 - Prolonged lifetime of landfill site, and reduced amount of wastes - Environmental education (Citizens' awareness raising) - Energy recovery from waste as renewable energy sources - Expected dramatic waste amount reduction if many segregation categories are introduced. Natural Resources & Environment High Biogas-based Power Generation Electricity is generated from biogas recovered through the methane digestion system, which ferments organic wastes such as food waste. Organic wastes should be segregated and collected in advance. Binh Dien Wholesale Market District 1 (Da Phuac Solid Waste Treatment Complex in Binh Chanh) District 4 - Prolonged lifetime of landfill site, and reduced amount of wastes - Sanitary waste treatment - Energy gained from waste - Revenue from power sale Natural Resources & Environment High Electricity Generation from Solid Waste Incineration Electricity generation system utilizing waste heat from solid waste incineration plant will be introduced. Cu Chi Waste Treatment Complex at Tay Bac in Phuoc Hiep, Cu Chi - Prolonged lifetime of landfill site, and reduced amount of wastes - Sanitary waste treatment - Energy gained from waste - Revenue from power sale - Appropriate waste treatment process fitting to the situation of high temperature and high humidity Natural Resources & Environment High Hazardous Waste Segregation and Collection Strict regulations for hazardous waste segregation, collection, Industrial factories transportation, and disposal emitted Hospitals from industrial factories should be introduced. - Appropriate management of industrial and hospital/medical wastes - Security and safety Natural Resources & Environment High Electric Manifest for Waste Management Through the electric manifest for waste management, the industrial waste flow is grasped based on the reports on type and treatment measures obliged to be submitted by waste emitters, and the reports Entire HCMC on waste transportation and disposal completion by waste treating entities, to prevent illegal waste disposal and to ensure appropriate industrial waste treatment. - Appropriate waste management - Security and safety - Prevention of illegal waste disposal Natural Resources & Environment Medium Reduction and Reuse of Sewage Sludge Sewage sludge is incinerated and melted, to recycle them as construction materials. Sewage plants - Life extension of landfill sites - Reduction of amount of wastes - Sanitary waste treatment - Reuse of dissolved slag as paver Natural Resources & Environment Medium Systematic revision of charging fees for waste collection Reduction of the waste by charging each household for waste Entire HCMC collection according to the amount of garbage -Life extension of landfill sites (reduction of solid waste) Natural Resources & Environment Appendix

101 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area A (Health Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Human Resources Development of Medical Personnel in Hospital Hospital medical staff (such as doctors) will be sent to Japan and be trained, to obtain the up-to-date advanced madical technology. Medical roffesional staff of new hospitals to be opened Improvement of medical healthcare systems Health Medium - Improvement of hygiene management at hospitals - Appropriate treatment of medical/hospital waste and wastewater Improvement of hygienic environment in hospitals will be promoted, and waste and/or wastewater with the risk of infectious diseases emitted from hospitals will be appropriately treated, to secure good health of patients and neighborhood residents. Entire HCMC - Ensuring health of patients - Conservation of water quality in public waters - Securement of good health of neighborhood residents Health Medium - Countermeasures against Existing Diseases whose Occuration in a Different Manner - Countermeasures against New Infectuous Diseases - Countermeasures agains Ailen Species - Decrease in Morbidity (Rate of Illnesses) New infections will be investigated, and emergency medical facilities will be established. Entire HCMC Ensuring health and security of citizens Health Appendix

102 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area A (Construction Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Development of design criteria of eco-friendly buildings By developing design criteria of eco-friendly buildings, environmental impact of new buildings will be reduced Entire HCMC - Reduction of CO2 emissions and utilities costs Construction High Introduction of Energy Efficient Building Materials The building materials with well insulation and high airtightness will Public facilities be used, to improve efficiency of Residence air-conditioning. Lower energy costs due to improvement of heat insulating effect Construction Medium Introduction of Incentive to Environmentally Sound Buildings Increased floor area ration beyond the regulatied value as a bonus will be provided to the environmentall Urban area sound buildings, to promote to reduce environmental adverse impact on the construction. - Implementation of enviromental poilcy/measures with less public administrative expenditures Construction - Lower energy costs and the reduction of CO2 emission Medium Construction of Long-lived Building Durability of buildings will be improved, through the introduction of new building standard in the Construction sites construction regulations/ordinances. Reduction of CO2 emissions due to the Improvement of durability and extention of building life-span Construction Medium Effective Use of Discharged Water and Solid Waste Discharged wastewater, dredged sludge, and construction scrap materials from construction sites will be recycled and reused. Construction sites - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Limitation of waste emissions Construction Medium Introduction of Energy Efficient Constructing Machine Hybrid construction vehicle and other machine will be introduced in Construction sites the new construction sites. - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Lower fuel cost due to the Improvement of fuel consumption Construction - Improvement of air pollution Table Measures for Area A (Tourism Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Water Traffic Network Ships/boats will be operated as an alternative transport mode to ground transportation. Rivers and Canals - Mitigation of road traffic - Creation of new tourism resource such as cruise ships Tourism Medium Publicity of greeenhouse gas absorption effects of protected forests Promote the preservation of natural environment and awareness building of the citizen for climate Entire HCMC change by publicizing the CO2 absorption effects of protected forests in Can Gio District -Preservation of natural environment -awareness building for climate change Tourism Appendix

103 (2) Measures for Area B Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area B (Land Use Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Appropriate Site Allocation of Venous Industry Infrastructure Venous industry infrastructures necessary for urban development will be allocated in advance in a appropriate manner. 4 satellite cities suburban region District 4 - Appropriate and smooth transportation and treatment of waste, due to the appropriate facility allocation. Planning & - Construction of necessary infrastructure Architecture before other urban exploration. Table Measures for Area B (Energy Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Energy efficiency technology applied to buildings Commercial bldg. Energy saving equipment and Industrial park control system will be installed as a Public bldg. & package. premises Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High ESCO Project Cost saved through the reduced energy consumptions will cover the cost for the installation of energy saving/energy efficiency equipment. ESCO (Energy Saving Company) entity will first pay for the initial installation cost and be paid from the saved costs to reimburse the initial cost. Commercial bldg. Industrial park Public bldg. & premises Residential house Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High High Efficiency Lighting CFL(compact fluorescent light) or LED(light emitting diode) lamps with less electricity consumption will replace existing lighting equipment. Urban areas Commercial bldg. Industrial park Residential house Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High High Efficiency Air Conditioners High efficiency air conditioners with inverter control function or with air-cooled heat pump system will be introduced. Commercial bldg. Shopping mall Industrial park Residential house Hospitals Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High Energy Efficiency Improvement Facilities to be installed at Small/Medium Enterprises High efficiency compressors, motors, lightings, fans/circulators, air conditioners, and OA equipments will be introduced. Commercial bldg. Industrial park Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High Introduction of Photovoltaic Power Generation Photovoltaic power generation system (CO2 free) will be introduced. Shopping mall Industrial parks Residential house Public bldg. & premises Unused space Rented roof Ben Thanh Market Elementary school in District 4 - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale - Installation of competitive Japanese technology evaluated by life cycle costs from purchase through OM, recycling, and disposal Industry & Trade High Introduction of Solar Water Heater Solar water heater by using thermal energy from sunshine will be introduced to supply heated water. Shopping mall Residential house Hospital in District 4 - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Low installation costs compared to PV system Industry & Trade Appendix

104 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area B (Energy Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Installation of Energy Saving Glasses Efficiency of air conditioning system will be improved through the installation of energy saving glasses with high adiabaticity and high airtightness. Commercial bldg. Public bldg. & premises Residential house Light, fuel and water expenses are reduced by the improvement of adiabatic effect. Industry & Trade Medium Rooftop and/or Wall Greening Big buildings to be Greening on building rooftops newly constructed and/or walls will contribute to Elementary school limiting the increase of temperature and hospital in of buildings. District 4 - Increase of carbon sink in the urban area with limited space - Abatement of urban heat island effects resulting from environmental improvement - Reduction and/or slow down of rainfall flows - Improvement of urban scenery - Improvement of QUL due to creation of recreation area - Cleaning of air quality (such as absorption of NOx and SOx) Industry & Trade Medium Introduction of Small-scale Hydropower Generation Unused energy by small-scale hydropower generation will be utilized, through the utilization of remaining pressure in flowing water into service reservoir. Water distribution stations Canals - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Introduction of Wind Power Generation Wind power generation system (CO2 free) will be introduced. Place with wind resources Suburban area - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Regional Energy Supply System Urban energy supply system with high energy efficiency will be introduced. The system is composed of intensive management of electricity and thermal energy generated from cogeneration utilizing waste heat from buildings and river waters, at block level. Coastal areas Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade Appendix

105 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area B (Transportation Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Promotion of Eco-Driving with Digital Tachographs Promote eco-driving of logistic truck/vehicle drivers through the eco-driving programme based on the collection and analysis of data of fuel consumptions, run distance, driving attitude, etc. Entire HCMC - Improvement of fuel efficiency - Reduction of traffic accidents Transportation Low Modernization of road system Facilitate smooth traffic flows by separation of pedestrians and automobile, establishment of traffic Entire HCMC regulations, and traffic education programme, etc. - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Introduction of Electric Motorbikes Modal shift from gasoline motorbikes to electric motorbikes (with less CO2 emissions) will be promoted. For this, plug-in stations will be necessarily constructed, to enhance convenience of electric motorbike use. Shopping mall Transportation hub (terminal) - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Reduction of fuel costs - Improvement of air quality Transportation Table Measures for Area B (Industrial Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Kiln Environmentally sound fuel will be Operation used, and waste heat and/or waste Technoniques/Technologies material will be reused. Factories - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Use of waste heat High Greening of factory sites and industrial parks Factory sites and industrial parks will be greened through planting trees. Factories and industrial parks - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Improvement of landscape Appendix

106 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area B (Water Resources Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Stable Water Intake Facility Water-resource development Lake Tri An and Lake Dau Tieng, both Areas where water of which are located at upstream is supplied by of current water source rivers SAWACO (Saigon River and Dong Nai River) Tapped water quality improvement SAWACO High Improvement of Leakage from Clean Water Pipe Networ Implement the effective measures to prevent water leakage from pipelines. Areas where water is supplied by SAWACO - Effective water use promoted through the water leakage improvement - Leakage ratio: 35% SAWACO High The construction of water distribution facilities and the Introduction of Water introduction of water distribution Distribution Management to management achieve the Entire HCMC Improve Water Supply appropriate management of water System pressures within the city, to ensure the quality of supplied tapped water. - Optimization of pump energy use in whole water supply system, through appropriate infrastructure arrangement for water distribution - Save of pump energy use at individual hoseholds, through ensuring the SAWACO appropriate water pressures - Reduction of CO2 emissions from manufacturing and transporting bottled waters, by curving the consumptions of bottled water resulted from the stable supply of safe tapped water High Development of stormwater reservoir Development of stormwater reservoir Frequently flooded areas (such as Nha Be District, etc.) Mitiagation of flood damages SAWACO Medium Promotion of reuse of rainwater Through maintenance of rainwater storage facilities and introduction of water storage and purification equipments, reuse of rainwater for tap water, toilet water, and other water use will be promoted Frequently Flooded areas Districut 4 Nha Be District Industrial parks Market - Prevention of flood disaster - Safe urban area - Prevention of land sinkage due to reuse of stored rainfall water SAWACO - Reduced running cost resulting from the reduced clean water consumptions. - Response to water supply shortage Medium Water-saving equipment will be Promotion and Distribution installed to reduce clean water of Water-Saving Equipment consumption. Hotel Office Residential house Response to water supply shortage SAWACO Low Wastewater Treatment and Recycling (with Water Purification Equipment) Sewage and rainfall water to be filtrated and sterilized will be reused for industrial use, for toilets, and for cleaning. District 4 Nha Be District Industrial park Response to water supply shortage SAWACO Appendix

107 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area B (Waste Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Hazardous Waste Segregation and Collection Strict regulations for hazardous waste segregation, collection, Industrial factories transportation, and disposal emitted Hospitals from industrial factories should be introduced. - Appropriate management of industrial and hospital/medical wastes - Security and safety Natural Resources & Environment High Electric Manifest for Waste Management Through the electric manifest for waste management, the industrial waste flow is grasped based on the reports on type and treatment measures obliged to be submitted by waste emitters, and the reports Entire HCMC on waste transportation and disposal completion by waste treating entities, to prevent illegal waste disposal and to ensure appropriate industrial waste treatment. - Appropriate waste management - Security and safety - Prevention of illegal waste disposal Natural Resources & Environment Medium Reduction and Reuse of Sewage Sludge Sewage sludge is incinerated and melted, to recycle them as construction materials. Sewage plants - Life extension of landfill sites - Reduction of amount of wastes - Sanitary waste treatment - Reuse of dissolved slag as paver Natural Resources & Environment Medium Systematic revision of charging fees for waste collection Reduction of the waste by charging each household for waste Entire HCMC collection according to the amount of garbage -Life extension of landfill sites (reduction of solid waste) Natural Resources & Environment Table Measures for Area B (Agricultural Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Prevention of Mudslides by Planting Trees Planting trees on river embankments is promoted, to prevent mudslides at the river banks. Binh Tahnh District 28 wards Can Gio District Increased CO2 absorptions through appropriate management, such as tree thining and complementary planting Agriculture & Rural Development Appendix

108 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area B (Health Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Human Resources Development of Medical Personnel in Hospital Hospital medical staff (such as doctors) will be sent to Japan and be trained, to obtain the up-to-date advanced madical technology. Medical roffesional staff of new hospitals to be opened Improvement of medical healthcare systems Health Medium - Improvement of hygiene management at hospitals - Appropriate treatment of medical/hospital waste and wastewater Improvement of hygienic environment in hospitals will be promoted, and waste and/or wastewater with the risk of infectious diseases emitted from hospitals will be appropriately treated, to secure good health of patients and neighborhood residents. Entire HCMC - Ensuring health of patients - Conservation of water quality in public waters - Securement of good health of neighborhood residents Health Medium - Countermeasures against Existing Diseases whose Occuration in a Different Manner - Countermeasures against New Infectuous Diseases - Countermeasures agains Ailen Species - Decrease in Morbidity (Rate of Illnesses) New infections will be investigated, and emergency medical facilities will be established. Entire HCMC Ensuring health and security of citizens Health Table Measures for Area B (Construction Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Development of design criteria of eco-friendly buildings By developing design criteria of eco-friendly buildings, environmental impact of new buildings will be reduced Entire HCMC - Reduction of CO2 emissions and utilities costs Construction High Introduction of Energy Efficient Building Materials The building materials with well insulation and high airtightness will Public facilities be used, to improve efficiency of Residence air-conditioning. Lower energy costs due to improvement of heat insulating effect Construction Medium Construction of Long-lived Building Durability of buildings will be improved, through the introduction of new building standard in the Construction sites construction regulations/ordinances. Reduction of CO2 emissions due to the Improvement of durability and extention of building life-span Construction Medium Effective Use of Discharged Water and Solid Waste Discharged wastewater, dredged sludge, and construction scrap materials from construction sites will be recycled and reused. Construction sites - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Limitation of waste emissions Construction Medium Introduction of Energy Efficient Constructing Machine Hybrid construction vehicle and other machine will be introduced in Construction sites the new construction sites. - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Lower fuel cost due to the Improvement of fuel consumption Construction - Improvement of air pollution Appendix

109 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area B (Tourism Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Water Traffic Network Ships/boats will be operated as an alternative transport mode to ground transportation. Rivers and Canals - Mitigation of road traffic - Creation of new tourism resource such as cruise ships Tourism Medium Promotion of ecotourism Develop eco-tourism in villages along the coasts District 9 Cu Chi District - Reduction of CO2 emissions Hoc Mon Discrict -creation of new tourism resources Nha Be District -Preservation of natural environment Binh Chanh District Tourism Medium Publicity of greeenhouse gas absorption effects of protected forests Promote the preservation of natural environment and awareness building of the citizen for climate Entire HCMC change by publicizing the CO2 absorption effects of protected forests in Can Gio District -Preservation of natural environment -awareness building for climate change Tourism Appendix

110 (3) Measures for Area C Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area C (Land Use Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Appropriate Site Allocation of Venous Industry Infrastructure Venous industry infrastructures necessary for urban development will be allocated in advance in a appropriate manner. 4 satellite cities suburban region District 4 - Appropriate and smooth transportation and treatment of waste, due to the appropriate facility allocation. Planning & - Construction of necessary infrastructure Architecture before other urban exploration. Medium Selection of Model Region to implement measures Model region will be set where integrated climate change mitigation measures in the 10 sectors. District 4 Nha Be District Precautionary and intensive response can be taken in the area with emergency. Planning & Architecture Medium Appropriate Management of Large-scale Green Lands Large-scale green lands located in parks will be appropriately Nha Be District managed, through the tree Can Gio District thinning, revegetation, replantation, etc. - Enhancement of CO2 absorptions - Conservation of biodiversity - Good scenery Planning & Architecture Appendix

111 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area C (Energy Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Energy efficiency technology applied to buildings Commercial bldg. Energy saving equipment and Industrial park control system will be installed as a Public bldg. & package. premises Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High ESCO Project Cost saved through the reduced energy consumptions will cover the cost for the installation of energy saving/energy efficiency equipment. ESCO (Energy Saving Company) entity will first pay for the initial installation cost and be paid from the saved costs to reimburse the initial cost. Commercial bldg. Industrial park Public bldg. & premises Residential house Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High High Efficiency Lighting CFL(compact fluorescent light) or LED(light emitting diode) lamps with less electricity consumption will replace existing lighting equipment. Urban areas Commercial bldg. Industrial park Residential house Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High High Efficiency Air Conditioners High efficiency air conditioners with inverter control function or with air-cooled heat pump system will be introduced. Commercial bldg. Shopping mall Industrial park Residential house Hospitals Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High Energy Efficiency Improvement Facilities to be installed at Small/Medium Enterprises High efficiency compressors, motors, lightings, fans/circulators, air conditioners, and OA equipments will be introduced. Commercial bldg. Industrial park Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High Introduction of Photovoltaic Power Generation Photovoltaic power generation system (CO2 free) will be introduced. Shopping mall Industrial parks Residential house Public bldg. & premises Unused space Rented roof Ben Thanh Market Elementary school in District 4 - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale - Installation of competitive Japanese technology evaluated by life cycle costs from purchase through OM, recycling, and disposal Industry & Trade High Introduction of Solar Water Heater Solar water heater by using thermal energy from sunshine will be introduced to supply heated water. Shopping mall Residential house Hospital in District 4 - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Low installation costs compared to PV system Industry & Trade Appendix

112 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area C (Energy Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Installation of Energy Saving Glasses Efficiency of air conditioning system will be improved through the installation of energy saving glasses with high adiabaticity and high airtightness. Commercial bldg. Public bldg. & premises Residential house Light, fuel and water expenses are reduced by the improvement of adiabatic effect. Industry & Trade Medium Rooftop and/or Wall Greening Big buildings to be Greening on building rooftops newly constructed and/or walls will contribute to Elementary school limiting the increase of temperature and hospital in of buildings. District 4 - Increase of carbon sink in the urban area with limited space - Abatement of urban heat island effects resulting from environmental improvement - Reduction and/or slow down of rainfall flows - Improvement of urban scenery - Improvement of QUL due to creation of recreation area - Cleaning of air quality (such as absorption of NOx and SOx) Industry & Trade Medium Introduction of Small-scale Hydropower Generation Unused energy by small-scale hydropower generation will be utilized, through the utilization of remaining pressure in flowing water into service reservoir. Water distribution stations Canals - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Introduction of Wind Power Generation Wind power generation system (CO2 free) will be introduced. Place with wind resources Suburban area - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Regional Energy Supply System Urban energy supply system with high energy efficiency will be introduced. The system is composed of intensive management of electricity and thermal energy generated from cogeneration utilizing waste heat from buildings and river waters, at block level. Coastal areas Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade Appendix

113 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area C (Transportation Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Promotion of Eco-Driving with Digital Tachographs Promote eco-driving of logistic truck/vehicle drivers through the eco-driving programme based on the collection and analysis of data of fuel consumptions, run distance, driving attitude, etc. Entire HCMC - Improvement of fuel efficiency - Reduction of traffic accidents Transportation Low Modernization of road system Facilitate smooth traffic flows by separation of pedestrians and automobile, establishment of traffic Entire HCMC regulations, and traffic education programme, etc. - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Introduction of Electric Motorbikes Modal shift from gasoline motorbikes to electric motorbikes (with less CO2 emissions) will be promoted. For this, plug-in stations will be necessarily constructed, to enhance convenience of electric motorbike use. Shopping mall Transportation hub (terminal) - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Reduction of fuel costs - Improvement of air quality Transportation Table Measures for Area C (Industrial Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Kiln Environmentally sound fuel will be Operation used, and waste heat and/or waste Technoniques/Technologies material will be reused. Factories - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Use of waste heat High Greening of factory sites and industrial parks Factory sites and industrial parks will be greened through planting trees. Factories and industrial parks - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Improvement of landscape Appendix

114 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area C (Water Resources Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Stable Water Intake Facility Water-resource development Lake Tri An and Lake Dau Tieng, both Areas where water of which are located at upstream is supplied by of current water source rivers SAWACO (Saigon River and Dong Nai River) Tapped water quality improvement SAWACO High Improvement of Leakage from Clean Water Pipe Networ Implement the effective measures to prevent water leakage from pipelines. Areas where water is supplied by SAWACO - Effective water use promoted through the water leakage improvement - Leakage ratio: 35% SAWACO High The construction of water distribution facilities and the Introduction of Water introduction of water distribution Distribution Management to management achieve the Entire HCMC Improve Water Supply appropriate management of water System pressures within the city, to ensure the quality of supplied tapped water. - Optimization of pump energy use in whole water supply system, through appropriate infrastructure arrangement for water distribution - Save of pump energy use at individual hoseholds, through ensuring the SAWACO appropriate water pressures - Reduction of CO2 emissions from manufacturing and transporting bottled waters, by curving the consumptions of bottled water resulted from the stable supply of safe tapped water High Prevention of River Water Infiltration Development of dikes West coast in District 4 South coast in District 4 Frequently flooded areas (such as Nha Be District, etc.) Mitiagation of flood damages SAWACO High Development of stormwater reservoir Development of stormwater reservoir Frequently flooded areas (such as Nha Be District, etc.) Mitiagation of flood damages SAWACO Appendix

115 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area C (Water Resources Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Introduction of Anti-Flood Facilities such as Pumps and Watertight Doors Anti-flood facilities such as pumps and watertight doors will be introduced. Buildings located in frequently flooded areas - Mitigation of damages from flood and high tide due to sea level rise as one of climate change adverse effects - Safe urban area SAWACO Medium Promotion of reuse of rainwater Through maintenance of rainwater storage facilities and introduction of water storage and purification equipments, reuse of rainwater for tap water, toilet water, and other water use will be promoted Frequently Flooded areas Districut 4 Nha Be District Industrial parks Market - Prevention of flood disaster - Safe urban area - Prevention of land sinkage due to reuse of stored rainfall water SAWACO - Reduced running cost resulting from the reduced clean water consumptions. - Response to water supply shortage Medium Development of Hazard Map Hazard map of HCMC will be developed, to show the estimated flooded areas and flood damages, as well as information necessary for evacuation (routes and place). Frequently flooded areas (in District 4 and Nha Be District, etc.) Mitigation of damages SAWACO Medium Levelling of Lands Lands of lowlands (altitude 0) urban areas will be escalated by piled-up clay. District 7 Frequently flooded areas (in District 4 and Nha Be District, etc.) - Mitigation of damages from flood and high tide - Safe urban area SAWACO Medium Water-saving equipment will be Promotion and Distribution installed to reduce clean water of Water-Saving Equipment consumption. Hotel Office Residential house Response to water supply shortage SAWACO Low Wastewater Treatment and Recycling (with Water Purification Equipment) Sewage and rainfall water to be filtrated and sterilized will be reused for industrial use, for toilets, and for cleaning. District 4 Nha Be District Industrial park Response to water supply shortage SAWACO Appendix

116 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area C (Waste Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Hazardous Waste Segregation and Collection Strict regulations for hazardous waste segregation, collection, Industrial factories transportation, and disposal emitted Hospitals from industrial factories should be introduced. - Appropriate management of industrial and hospital/medical wastes - Security and safety Natural Resources & Environment High Electric Manifest for Waste Management Through the electric manifest for waste management, the industrial waste flow is grasped based on the reports on type and treatment measures obliged to be submitted by waste emitters, and the reports Entire HCMC on waste transportation and disposal completion by waste treating entities, to prevent illegal waste disposal and to ensure appropriate industrial waste treatment. - Appropriate waste management - Security and safety - Prevention of illegal waste disposal Natural Resources & Environment Medium Reduction and Reuse of Sewage Sludge Sewage sludge is incinerated and melted, to recycle them as construction materials. Sewage plants - Life extension of landfill sites - Reduction of amount of wastes - Sanitary waste treatment - Reuse of dissolved slag as paver Natural Resources & Environment Medium Systematic revision of charging fees for waste collection Reduction of the waste by charging each household for waste Entire HCMC collection according to the amount of garbage -Life extension of landfill sites (reduction of solid waste) Natural Resources & Environment Appendix

117 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area C (Health Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Human Resources Development of Medical Personnel in Hospital Hospital medical staff (such as doctors) will be sent to Japan and be trained, to obtain the up-to-date advanced madical technology. Medical roffesional staff of new hospitals to be opened Improvement of medical healthcare systems Health Medium - Improvement of hygiene management at hospitals - Appropriate treatment of medical/hospital waste and wastewater Improvement of hygienic environment in hospitals will be promoted, and waste and/or wastewater with the risk of infectious diseases emitted from hospitals will be appropriately treated, to secure good health of patients and neighborhood residents. Entire HCMC - Ensuring health of patients - Conservation of water quality in public waters - Securement of good health of neighborhood residents Health Medium - Countermeasures against Existing Diseases whose Occuration in a Different Manner - Countermeasures against New Infectuous Diseases - Countermeasures agains Ailen Species - Decrease in Morbidity (Rate of Illnesses) New infections will be investigated, and emergency medical facilities will be established. Entire HCMC Ensuring health and security of citizens Health Table Measures for Area C (Construction Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Development of design criteria of eco-friendly buildings By developing design criteria of eco-friendly buildings, environmental impact of new buildings will be reduced Entire HCMC - Reduction of CO2 emissions and utilities costs Construction High Introduction of Energy Efficient Building Materials The building materials with well insulation and high airtightness will Public facilities be used, to improve efficiency of Residence air-conditioning. Lower energy costs due to improvement of heat insulating effect Construction Medium Construction of Long-lived Building Durability of buildings will be improved, through the introduction of new building standard in the Construction sites construction regulations/ordinances. Reduction of CO2 emissions due to the Improvement of durability and extention of building life-span Construction Medium Effective Use of Discharged Water and Solid Waste Discharged wastewater, dredged sludge, and construction scrap materials from construction sites will be recycled and reused. Construction sites - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Limitation of waste emissions Construction Medium Introduction of Energy Efficient Constructing Machine Hybrid construction vehicle and other machine will be introduced in Construction sites the new construction sites. - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Lower fuel cost due to the Improvement of fuel consumption Construction - Improvement of air pollution Appendix

118 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area C (Tourism Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Water Traffic Network Ships/boats will be operated as an alternative transport mode to ground transportation. Rivers and Canals - Mitigation of road traffic - Creation of new tourism resource such as cruise ships Tourism Medium Promotion of ecotourism Develop eco-tourism in villages along the coasts District 9 Cu Chi District - Reduction of CO2 emissions Hoc Mon Discrict -creation of new tourism resources Nha Be District -Preservation of natural environment Binh Chanh District Tourism Medium Publicity of greeenhouse gas absorption effects of protected forests Promote the preservation of natural environment and awareness building of the citizen for climate Entire HCMC change by publicizing the CO2 absorption effects of protected forests in Can Gio District -Preservation of natural environment -awareness building for climate change Tourism Appendix

119 (4) Measures for Area D Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area D (Land Use Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Appropriate Site Allocation of Venous Industry Infrastructure Venous industry infrastructures necessary for urban development will be allocated in advance in a appropriate manner. 4 satellite cities suburban region District 4 - Appropriate and smooth transportation and treatment of waste, due to the appropriate facility allocation. Planning & - Construction of necessary infrastructure Architecture before other urban exploration. Table Measures for Area D (Energy Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Energy efficiency technology applied to buildings Commercial bldg. Energy saving equipment and Industrial park control system will be installed as a Public bldg. & package. premises Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High ESCO Project Cost saved through the reduced energy consumptions will cover the cost for the installation of energy saving/energy efficiency equipment. ESCO (Energy Saving Company) entity will first pay for the initial installation cost and be paid from the saved costs to reimburse the initial cost. Commercial bldg. Industrial park Public bldg. & premises Residential house Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High High Efficiency Lighting CFL(compact fluorescent light) or LED(light emitting diode) lamps with less electricity consumption will replace existing lighting equipment. Urban areas Commercial bldg. Industrial park Residential house Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High High Efficiency Air Conditioners High efficiency air conditioners with inverter control function or with air-cooled heat pump system will be introduced. Commercial bldg. Shopping mall Industrial park Residential house Hospitals Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High Energy Efficiency Improvement Facilities to be installed at Small/Medium Enterprises High efficiency compressors, motors, lightings, fans/circulators, air conditioners, and OA equipments will be introduced. Commercial bldg. Industrial park Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High Introduction of Photovoltaic Power Generation Photovoltaic power generation system (CO2 free) will be introduced. Shopping mall Industrial parks Residential house Public bldg. & premises Unused space Rented roof Ben Thanh Market Elementary school in District 4 - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale - Installation of competitive Japanese technology evaluated by life cycle costs from purchase through OM, recycling, and disposal Industry & Trade High Introduction of Solar Water Heater Solar water heater by using thermal energy from sunshine will be introduced to supply heated water. Shopping mall Residential house Hospital in District 4 - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Low installation costs compared to PV system Industry & Trade Appendix

120 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area D (Energy Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Installation of Energy Saving Glasses Efficiency of air conditioning system will be improved through the installation of energy saving glasses with high adiabaticity and high airtightness. Commercial bldg. Public bldg. & premises Residential house Light, fuel and water expenses are reduced by the improvement of adiabatic effect. Industry & Trade Medium Rooftop and/or Wall Greening Big buildings to be Greening on building rooftops newly constructed and/or walls will contribute to Elementary school limiting the increase of temperature and hospital in of buildings. District 4 - Increase of carbon sink in the urban area with limited space - Abatement of urban heat island effects resulting from environmental improvement - Reduction and/or slow down of rainfall flows - Improvement of urban scenery - Improvement of QUL due to creation of recreation area - Cleaning of air quality (such as absorption of NOx and SOx) Industry & Trade Medium Introduction of Small-scale Hydropower Generation Unused energy by small-scale hydropower generation will be utilized, through the utilization of remaining pressure in flowing water into service reservoir. Water distribution stations Canals - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Introduction of Wind Power Generation Wind power generation system (CO2 free) will be introduced. Place with wind resources Suburban area - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Regional Energy Supply System Urban energy supply system with high energy efficiency will be introduced. The system is composed of intensive management of electricity and thermal energy generated from cogeneration utilizing waste heat from buildings and river waters, at block level. Coastal areas Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade Appendix

121 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area D (Transportation Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Promotion of Eco-Driving with Digital Tachographs Promote eco-driving of logistic truck/vehicle drivers through the eco-driving programme based on the collection and analysis of data of fuel consumptions, run distance, driving attitude, etc. Entire HCMC - Improvement of fuel efficiency - Reduction of traffic accidents Transportation Low Modernization of road system Facilitate smooth traffic flows by separation of pedestrians and automobile, establishment of traffic Entire HCMC regulations, and traffic education programme, etc. - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Introduction of Electric Motorbikes Modal shift from gasoline motorbikes to electric motorbikes (with less CO2 emissions) will be promoted. For this, plug-in stations will be necessarily constructed, to enhance convenience of electric motorbike use. Shopping mall Transportation hub (terminal) - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Reduction of fuel costs - Improvement of air quality Transportation Table Measures for Area D (Industrial Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Kiln Environmentally sound fuel will be Operation used, and waste heat and/or waste Technoniques/Technologies material will be reused. Factories - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Use of waste heat High Greening of factory sites and industrial parks Factory sites and industrial parks will be greened through planting trees. Factories and industrial parks - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Improvement of landscape Appendix

122 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area D (Water Resources Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Stable Water Intake Facility Water-resource development Lake Tri An and Lake Dau Tieng, both Areas where water of which are located at upstream is supplied by of current water source rivers SAWACO (Saigon River and Dong Nai River) Tapped water quality improvement SAWACO High Improvement of Leakage from Clean Water Pipe Networ Implement the effective measures to prevent water leakage from pipelines. Areas where water is supplied by SAWACO - Effective water use promoted through the water leakage improvement - Leakage ratio: 35% SAWACO High The construction of water distribution facilities and the Introduction of Water introduction of water distribution Distribution Management to management achieve the Entire HCMC Improve Water Supply appropriate management of water System pressures within the city, to ensure the quality of supplied tapped water. - Optimization of pump energy use in whole water supply system, through appropriate infrastructure arrangement for water distribution - Save of pump energy use at individual hoseholds, through ensuring the SAWACO appropriate water pressures - Reduction of CO2 emissions from manufacturing and transporting bottled waters, by curving the consumptions of bottled water resulted from the stable supply of safe tapped water Medium Water-saving equipment will be Promotion and Distribution installed to reduce clean water of Water-Saving Equipment consumption. Hotel Office Residential house Response to water supply shortage SAWACO Low Wastewater Treatment and Recycling (with Water Purification Equipment) Sewage and rainfall water to be filtrated and sterilized will be reused for industrial use, for toilets, and for cleaning. District 4 Nha Be District Industrial park Response to water supply shortage SAWACO Appendix

123 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area D (Waste Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Hazardous Waste Segregation and Collection Strict regulations for hazardous waste segregation, collection, Industrial factories transportation, and disposal emitted Hospitals from industrial factories should be introduced. - Appropriate management of industrial and hospital/medical wastes - Security and safety Natural Resources & Environment High Electric Manifest for Waste Management Through the electric manifest for waste management, the industrial waste flow is grasped based on the reports on type and treatment measures obliged to be submitted by waste emitters, and the reports Entire HCMC on waste transportation and disposal completion by waste treating entities, to prevent illegal waste disposal and to ensure appropriate industrial waste treatment. - Appropriate waste management - Security and safety - Prevention of illegal waste disposal Natural Resources & Environment Medium Reduction and Reuse of Sewage Sludge Sewage sludge is incinerated and melted, to recycle them as construction materials. Sewage plants - Life extension of landfill sites - Reduction of amount of wastes - Sanitary waste treatment - Reuse of dissolved slag as paver Natural Resources & Environment Medium Systematic revision of charging fees for waste collection Reduction of the waste by charging each household for waste Entire HCMC collection according to the amount of garbage -Life extension of landfill sites (reduction of solid waste) Natural Resources & Environment Table Measures for Area D (Agricultural Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Improvemnet in Agricultural Product Varieties Resilient to Climate Change Effects Climate change-resistant species of agricutural products will be developed, through the cultivar improvement and other methods. Agricultural communities - Conservation of farm and green lands - Create new agricultural revenue resources Agriculture & Rural Development Appendix

124 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area D (Health Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Human Resources Development of Medical Personnel in Hospital Hospital medical staff (such as doctors) will be sent to Japan and be trained, to obtain the up-to-date advanced madical technology. Medical roffesional staff of new hospitals to be opened Improvement of medical healthcare systems Health Medium - Improvement of hygiene management at hospitals - Appropriate treatment of medical/hospital waste and wastewater Improvement of hygienic environment in hospitals will be promoted, and waste and/or wastewater with the risk of infectious diseases emitted from hospitals will be appropriately treated, to secure good health of patients and neighborhood residents. Entire HCMC - Ensuring health of patients - Conservation of water quality in public waters - Securement of good health of neighborhood residents Health Medium - Countermeasures against Existing Diseases whose Occuration in a Different Manner - Countermeasures against New Infectuous Diseases - Countermeasures agains Ailen Species - Decrease in Morbidity (Rate of Illnesses) New infections will be investigated, and emergency medical facilities will be established. Entire HCMC Ensuring health and security of citizens Health Table Measures for Area D (Construction Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Development of design criteria of eco-friendly buildings By developing design criteria of eco-friendly buildings, environmental impact of new buildings will be reduced Entire HCMC - Reduction of CO2 emissions and utilities costs Construction High Introduction of Energy Efficient Building Materials The building materials with well insulation and high airtightness will Public facilities be used, to improve efficiency of Residence air-conditioning. Lower energy costs due to improvement of heat insulating effect Construction Medium Construction of Long-lived Building Durability of buildings will be improved, through the introduction of new building standard in the Construction sites construction regulations/ordinances. Reduction of CO2 emissions due to the Improvement of durability and extention of building life-span Construction Medium Effective Use of Discharged Water and Solid Waste Discharged wastewater, dredged sludge, and construction scrap materials from construction sites will be recycled and reused. Construction sites - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Limitation of waste emissions Construction Medium Introduction of Energy Efficient Constructing Machine Hybrid construction vehicle and other machine will be introduced in Construction sites the new construction sites. - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Lower fuel cost due to the Improvement of fuel consumption Construction - Improvement of air pollution Appendix

125 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area D (Tourism Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Water Traffic Network Ships/boats will be operated as an alternative transport mode to ground transportation. Rivers and Canals - Mitigation of road traffic - Creation of new tourism resource such as cruise ships Tourism Medium Promotion of ecotourism Develop eco-tourism in villages along the coasts District 9 Cu Chi District - Reduction of CO2 emissions Hoc Mon Discrict -creation of new tourism resources Nha Be District -Preservation of natural environment Binh Chanh District Tourism Medium Publicity of greeenhouse gas absorption effects of protected forests Promote the preservation of natural environment and awareness building of the citizen for climate Entire HCMC change by publicizing the CO2 absorption effects of protected forests in Can Gio District -Preservation of natural environment -awareness building for climate change Tourism Appendix

126 (5) Measures for Area E Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area E (Land Use Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Appropriate Site Allocation of Venous Industry Infrastructure Venous industry infrastructures necessary for urban development will be allocated in advance in a appropriate manner. 4 satellite cities suburban region District 4 - Appropriate and smooth transportation and treatment of waste, due to the appropriate facility allocation. Planning & - Construction of necessary infrastructure Architecture before other urban exploration. Table Measures for Area E (Energy Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Energy efficiency technology applied to buildings Commercial bldg. Energy saving equipment and Industrial park control system will be installed as a Public bldg. & package. premises Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High ESCO Project Cost saved through the reduced energy consumptions will cover the cost for the installation of energy saving/energy efficiency equipment. ESCO (Energy Saving Company) entity will first pay for the initial installation cost and be paid from the saved costs to reimburse the initial cost. Commercial bldg. Industrial park Public bldg. & premises Residential house Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High High Efficiency Lighting CFL(compact fluorescent light) or LED(light emitting diode) lamps with less electricity consumption will replace existing lighting equipment. Urban areas Commercial bldg. Industrial park Residential house Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High High Efficiency Air Conditioners High efficiency air conditioners with inverter control function or with air-cooled heat pump system will be introduced. Commercial bldg. Shopping mall Industrial park Residential house Hospitals Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High Energy Efficiency Improvement Facilities to be installed at Small/Medium Enterprises High efficiency compressors, motors, lightings, fans/circulators, air conditioners, and OA equipments will be introduced. Commercial bldg. Industrial park Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade High Introduction of Photovoltaic Power Generation Photovoltaic power generation system (CO2 free) will be introduced. Shopping mall Industrial parks Residential house Public bldg. & premises Unused space Rented roof Ben Thanh Market Elementary school in District 4 - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale - Installation of competitive Japanese technology evaluated by life cycle costs from purchase through OM, recycling, and disposal Industry & Trade High Introduction of Solar Water Heater Solar water heater by using thermal energy from sunshine will be introduced to supply heated water. Shopping mall Residential house Hospital in District 4 - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Low installation costs compared to PV system Industry & Trade Appendix

127 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area E (Energy Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Installation of Energy Saving Glasses Efficiency of air conditioning system will be improved through the installation of energy saving glasses with high adiabaticity and high airtightness. Commercial bldg. Public bldg. & premises Residential house Light, fuel and water expenses are reduced by the improvement of adiabatic effect. Industry & Trade Medium Rooftop and/or Wall Greening Big buildings to be Greening on building rooftops newly constructed and/or walls will contribute to Elementary school limiting the increase of temperature and hospital in of buildings. District 4 - Increase of carbon sink in the urban area with limited space - Abatement of urban heat island effects resulting from environmental improvement - Reduction and/or slow down of rainfall flows - Improvement of urban scenery - Improvement of QUL due to creation of recreation area - Cleaning of air quality (such as absorption of NOx and SOx) Industry & Trade Medium Introduction of Small-scale Hydropower Generation Unused energy by small-scale hydropower generation will be utilized, through the utilization of remaining pressure in flowing water into service reservoir. Water distribution stations Canals - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Introduction of Wind Power Generation Wind power generation system (CO2 free) will be introduced. Place with wind resources Suburban area - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Regional Energy Supply System Urban energy supply system with high energy efficiency will be introduced. The system is composed of intensive management of electricity and thermal energy generated from cogeneration utilizing waste heat from buildings and river waters, at block level. Coastal areas Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade Appendix

128 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area E (Transportation Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Promotion of Eco-Driving with Digital Tachographs Promote eco-driving of logistic truck/vehicle drivers through the eco-driving programme based on the collection and analysis of data of fuel consumptions, run distance, driving attitude, etc. Entire HCMC - Improvement of fuel efficiency - Reduction of traffic accidents Transportation Low Modernization of road system Facilitate smooth traffic flows by separation of pedestrians and automobile, establishment of traffic Entire HCMC regulations, and traffic education programme, etc. - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Low Introduction of Electric Motorbikes Modal shift from gasoline motorbikes to electric motorbikes (with less CO2 emissions) will be promoted. For this, plug-in stations will be necessarily constructed, to enhance convenience of electric motorbike use. Shopping mall Transportation hub (terminal) - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Reduction of fuel costs - Improvement of air quality Transportation Table Measures for Area E (Industrial Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Kiln Environmentally sound fuel will be Operation used, and waste heat and/or waste Technoniques/Technologies material will be reused. Factories - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Use of waste heat High Greening of factory sites and industrial parks Factory sites and industrial parks will be greened through planting trees. Factories and industrial parks - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Improvement of landscape Appendix

129 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area E (Water Resources Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Stable Water Intake Facility Water-resource development Lake Tri An and Lake Dau Tieng, both Areas where water of which are located at upstream is supplied by of current water source rivers SAWACO (Saigon River and Dong Nai River) Tapped water quality improvement SAWACO High Improvement of Leakage from Clean Water Pipe Networ Implement the effective measures to prevent water leakage from pipelines. Areas where water is supplied by SAWACO - Effective water use promoted through the water leakage improvement - Leakage ratio: 35% SAWACO High The construction of water distribution facilities and the Introduction of Water introduction of water distribution Distribution Management to management achieve the Entire HCMC Improve Water Supply appropriate management of water System pressures within the city, to ensure the quality of supplied tapped water. - Optimization of pump energy use in whole water supply system, through appropriate infrastructure arrangement for water distribution - Save of pump energy use at individual hoseholds, through ensuring the SAWACO appropriate water pressures - Reduction of CO2 emissions from manufacturing and transporting bottled waters, by curving the consumptions of bottled water resulted from the stable supply of safe tapped water Medium Water-saving equipment will be Promotion and Distribution installed to reduce clean water of Water-Saving Equipment consumption. Hotel Office Residential house Response to water supply shortage SAWACO Low Wastewater Treatment and Recycling (with Water Purification Equipment) Sewage and rainfall water to be filtrated and sterilized will be reused for industrial use, for toilets, and for cleaning. District 4 Nha Be District Industrial park Response to water supply shortage SAWACO Appendix

130 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area E (Waste Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Hazardous Waste Segregation and Collection Strict regulations for hazardous waste segregation, collection, Industrial factories transportation, and disposal emitted Hospitals from industrial factories should be introduced. - Appropriate management of industrial and hospital/medical wastes - Security and safety Natural Resources & Environment High Electric Manifest for Waste Management Through the electric manifest for waste management, the industrial waste flow is grasped based on the reports on type and treatment measures obliged to be submitted by waste emitters, and the reports Entire HCMC on waste transportation and disposal completion by waste treating entities, to prevent illegal waste disposal and to ensure appropriate industrial waste treatment. - Appropriate waste management - Security and safety - Prevention of illegal waste disposal Natural Resources & Environment Medium Reduction and Reuse of Sewage Sludge Sewage sludge is incinerated and melted, to recycle them as construction materials. Sewage plants - Life extension of landfill sites - Reduction of amount of wastes - Sanitary waste treatment - Reuse of dissolved slag as paver Natural Resources & Environment Medium Systematic revision of charging fees for waste collection Reduction of the waste by charging each household for waste Entire HCMC collection according to the amount of garbage -Life extension of landfill sites (reduction of solid waste) Natural Resources & Environment Appendix

131 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area E (Health Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Human Resources Development of Medical Personnel in Hospital Hospital medical staff (such as doctors) will be sent to Japan and be trained, to obtain the up-to-date advanced madical technology. Medical roffesional staff of new hospitals to be opened Improvement of medical healthcare systems Health Medium - Improvement of hygiene management at hospitals - Appropriate treatment of medical/hospital waste and wastewater Improvement of hygienic environment in hospitals will be promoted, and waste and/or wastewater with the risk of infectious diseases emitted from hospitals will be appropriately treated, to secure good health of patients and neighborhood residents. Entire HCMC - Ensuring health of patients - Conservation of water quality in public waters - Securement of good health of neighborhood residents Health Medium - Countermeasures against Existing Diseases whose Occuration in a Different Manner - Countermeasures against New Infectuous Diseases - Countermeasures agains Ailen Species - Decrease in Morbidity (Rate of Illnesses) New infections will be investigated, and emergency medical facilities will be established. Entire HCMC Ensuring health and security of citizens Health Table Measures for Area E (Construction Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Development of design criteria of eco-friendly buildings By developing design criteria of eco-friendly buildings, environmental impact of new buildings will be reduced Entire HCMC - Reduction of CO2 emissions and utilities costs Construction High Introduction of Energy Efficient Building Materials The building materials with well insulation and high airtightness will Public facilities be used, to improve efficiency of Residence air-conditioning. Lower energy costs due to improvement of heat insulating effect Construction Medium Construction of Long-lived Building Durability of buildings will be improved, through the introduction of new building standard in the Construction sites construction regulations/ordinances. Reduction of CO2 emissions due to the Improvement of durability and extention of building life-span Construction Medium Effective Use of Discharged Water and Solid Waste Discharged wastewater, dredged sludge, and construction scrap materials from construction sites will be recycled and reused. Construction sites - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Limitation of waste emissions Construction Medium Introduction of Energy Efficient Constructing Machine Hybrid construction vehicle and other machine will be introduced in Construction sites the new construction sites. - Reduction of CO2 emissions - Lower fuel cost due to the Improvement of fuel consumption Construction - Improvement of air pollution Appendix

132 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area E (Tourism Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Water Traffic Network Ships/boats will be operated as an alternative transport mode to ground transportation. Rivers and Canals - Mitigation of road traffic - Creation of new tourism resource such as cruise ships Tourism Medium Promotion of ecotourism Develop eco-tourism in villages along the coasts District 9 Cu Chi District - Reduction of CO2 emissions Hoc Mon Discrict -creation of new tourism resources Nha Be District -Preservation of natural environment Binh Chanh District Tourism Medium Publicity of greeenhouse gas absorption effects of protected forests Promote the preservation of natural environment and awareness building of the citizen for climate Entire HCMC change by publicizing the CO2 absorption effects of protected forests in Can Gio District -Preservation of natural environment -awareness building for climate change Tourism Appendix

133 (6) Measures for Area F Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area F (Land Use Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Appropriate Site Allocation of Venous Industry Infrastructure Venous industry infrastructures necessary for urban development will be allocated in advance in a appropriate manner. 4 satellite cities suburban region District 4 - Appropriate and smooth transportation and treatment of waste, due to the appropriate facility allocation. Planning & - Construction of necessary infrastructure Architecture before other urban exploration. Medium Appropriate Management of Large-scale Green Lands Large-scale green lands located in parks will be appropriately Nha Be District managed, through the tree Can Gio District thinning, revegetation, replantation, etc. - Enhancement of CO2 absorptions - Conservation of biodiversity - Good scenery Planning & Architecture Table Measures for Area F (Energy Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium Introduction of Small-scale Hydropower Generation Unused energy by small-scale hydropower generation will be utilized, through the utilization of remaining pressure in flowing water into service reservoir. Water distribution stations Canals - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Introduction of Wind Power Generation Wind power generation system (CO2 free) will be introduced. Place with wind resources Suburban area - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction - Revenue from power sale Industry & Trade Low Regional Energy Supply System Urban energy supply system with high energy efficiency will be introduced. The system is composed of intensive management of electricity and thermal energy generated from cogeneration utilizing waste heat from buildings and river waters, at block level. Coastal areas Reduction of operation costs due to electric savings Industry & Trade Table Measures for Area F (Transportation Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Promotion of Eco-Driving with Digital Tachographs Promote eco-driving of logistic truck/vehicle drivers through the eco-driving programme based on the collection and analysis of data of fuel consumptions, run distance, driving attitude, etc. Entire HCMC - Improvement of fuel efficiency - Reduction of traffic accidents Transportation Low Modernization of road system Facilitate smooth traffic flows by separation of pedestrians and automobile, establishment of traffic Entire HCMC regulations, and traffic education programme, etc. - Mitigation of traffic jams - Improvement of air quality Transportation Appendix

134 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area F (Water Resources Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Stable Water Intake Facility Water-resource development Lake Tri An and Lake Dau Tieng, both Areas where water of which are located at upstream is supplied by of current water source rivers SAWACO (Saigon River and Dong Nai River) Tapped water quality improvement SAWACO High Improvement of Leakage from Clean Water Pipe Networ Implement the effective measures to prevent water leakage from pipelines. Areas where water is supplied by SAWACO - Effective water use promoted through the water leakage improvement - Leakage ratio: 35% SAWACO High The construction of water distribution facilities and the Introduction of Water introduction of water distribution Distribution Management to management achieve the Entire HCMC Improve Water Supply appropriate management of water System pressures within the city, to ensure the quality of supplied tapped water. - Optimization of pump energy use in whole water supply system, through appropriate infrastructure arrangement for water distribution - Save of pump energy use at individual hoseholds, through ensuring the SAWACO appropriate water pressures - Reduction of CO2 emissions from manufacturing and transporting bottled waters, by curving the consumptions of bottled water resulted from the stable supply of safe tapped water High Prevention of River Water Infiltration Development of dikes West coast in District 4 South coast in District 4 Frequently flooded areas (such as Nha Be District, etc.) Mitiagation of flood damages SAWACO High Development of stormwater reservoir Development of stormwater reservoir Frequently flooded areas (such as Nha Be District, etc.) Mitiagation of flood damages SAWACO Medium Introduction of Anti-Flood Facilities such as Pumps and Watertight Doors Anti-flood facilities such as pumps and watertight doors will be introduced. Buildings located in frequently flooded areas - Mitigation of damages from flood and high tide due to sea level rise as one of climate change adverse effects - Safe urban area SAWACO Medium Promotion of reuse of rainwater Through maintenance of rainwater storage facilities and introduction of water storage and purification equipments, reuse of rainwater for tap water, toilet water, and other water use will be promoted Frequently Flooded areas Districut 4 Nha Be District Industrial parks Market - Prevention of flood disaster - Safe urban area - Prevention of land sinkage due to reuse of stored rainfall water SAWACO - Reduced running cost resulting from the reduced clean water consumptions. - Response to water supply shortage Medium Development of Hazard Map Hazard map of HCMC will be developed, to show the estimated flooded areas and flood damages, as well as information necessary for evacuation (routes and place). Frequently flooded areas (in District 4 and Nha Be District, etc.) Mitigation of damages SAWACO Medium Levelling of Lands Lands of lowlands (altitude 0) urban areas will be escalated by piled-up clay. District 7 Frequently flooded areas (in District 4 and Nha Be District, etc.) - Mitigation of damages from flood and high tide - Safe urban area SAWACO Appendix

135 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area F (Waste Management Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Electric Manifest for Waste Management Through the electric manifest for waste management, the industrial waste flow is grasped based on the reports on type and treatment measures obliged to be submitted by waste emitters, and the reports Entire HCMC on waste transportation and disposal completion by waste treating entities, to prevent illegal waste disposal and to ensure appropriate industrial waste treatment. - Appropriate waste management - Security and safety - Prevention of illegal waste disposal Natural Resources & Environment Medium Reduction and Reuse of Sewage Sludge Sewage sludge is incinerated and melted, to recycle them as construction materials. Sewage plants - Life extension of landfill sites - Reduction of amount of wastes - Sanitary waste treatment - Reuse of dissolved slag as paver Natural Resources & Environment Medium Systematic revision of charging fees for waste collection Reduction of the waste by charging each household for waste Entire HCMC collection according to the amount of garbage -Life extension of landfill sites (reduction of solid waste) Natural Resources & Environment Appendix

136 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area F (Agricultural Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Prevention of Mudslides by Planting Trees Planting trees on river embankments is promoted, to prevent mudslides at the river banks. Binh Tahnh District 28 wards Can Gio District Increased CO2 absorptions through appropriate management, such as tree thining and complementary planting Agriculture & Rural Development High Introduction of Watersaving Pumps with Utilization of Renewable Energy Water-saving pumps with utilization of renewable energy will be introduced. Dong Canal area in Cu Chi District (10ha of agricultural land) - Reduction of fuel and light expenses - CO2 emission reduction Agriculture & Rural Development Medium Biogas-based Electric Power Generation from Livestock Manure Biogas (mainly composed of methane gas) is recovered through the digestors (with anaerovic Agricultural digestion) of livestock manure, and communities is utilized as fuel for cogenaration systems, to generate electricity. - Reduction of utility costs - CO2 emission reduction - Income from electric power selling Agriculture & Rural Development Medium Reduction of Agricultural Chemicals and Fertilizers Usage Use of agricultural chemicals and fertilizers is reduced. Agricultural fields 0 Agriculture & Rural Development Medium Promoting development of Promoting cultivation of new production technology of varieties in farmland and crops in response to climate experiments of new cultivation change technology Cu Chi District - Presevation of agricultural lands - Creation of new revenue sources in agriculture Agriculture & Rural Development Medium Development of agricultural model that contribute to low-carbon and energysaving Development and operation of criteria that contribute to re-use and suppression of irrigation water, introduction of energysaving equipments, and regulation of pesticides Can Gio District Cu Chi District - Reduction of utility costs Agriculture & Rural Development Appendix

137 Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chin Minh City (Draft) Table Measures for Area F (Health Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency Medium - Improvement of hygiene management at hospitals - Appropriate treatment of medical/hospital waste and wastewater Improvement of hygienic environment in hospitals will be promoted, and waste and/or wastewater with the risk of infectious diseases emitted from hospitals will be appropriately treated, to secure good health of patients and neighborhood residents. Entire HCMC - Ensuring health of patients - Conservation of water quality in public waters - Securement of good health of neighborhood residents Health Medium - Countermeasures against Existing Diseases whose Occuration in a Different Manner - Countermeasures against New Infectuous Diseases - Countermeasures agains Ailen Species - Decrease in Morbidity (Rate of Illnesses) New infections will be investigated, and emergency medical facilities will be established. Entire HCMC Ensuring health and security of citizens Health Table Measures for Area F (Construction Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Development of design criteria of eco-friendly buildings By developing design criteria of eco-friendly buildings, environmental impact of new buildings will be reduced Entire HCMC - Reduction of CO2 emissions and utilities costs Construction Table Measures for Area F (Tourism Sector) Priority Measure Summary Target Area Implementation Effects Agency High Improvement of Water Traffic Network Ships/boats will be operated as an alternative transport mode to ground transportation. Rivers and Canals - Mitigation of road traffic - Creation of new tourism resource such as cruise ships Tourism Medium Planning of eco resort Promote the creation of tourism resources that is environmentfriendly by promoting eco resort development Can Gio District - Reduction of CO2 emissions -creation of new tourism resources Tourism Medium Promotion of ecotourism Develop eco-tourism in villages along the coasts District 9 Cu Chi District - Reduction of CO2 emissions Hoc Mon Discrict -creation of new tourism resources Nha Be District -Preservation of natural environment Binh Chanh District Tourism Medium Publicity of greeenhouse gas absorption effects of protected forests Promote the preservation of natural environment and awareness building of the citizen for climate Entire HCMC change by publicizing the CO2 absorption effects of protected forests in Can Gio District -Preservation of natural environment -awareness building for climate change Tourism Appendix

138 3. The Implementation of JCM Project s Feasibility Study Through the early implementation of expected projects, feasibility studies related to the following 3.1 and 3.2 initiatives that have a high probability in developing later similar initiatives were implemented. In the event of carrying out a subject project as a JCM project and the creation of Project Design Documents (PDD) and developments of applicable JCM methodology (like the creation of settings on eligibility criteria requirements, specification and calculation of reference emission amount, calculation of project emission amount, establishment on monitoring methods, settings of a default value and preconfigured value that is needed for the calculation and assessment on the reduction of emission amount, calculation sheets (Excel spreadsheets). In regard to JCM Methodology, its development proceeds with the aim of obtaining an approval from the JCM Joint Committee, based on the [Guidelines for Developing Proposed Methodology (JCM_VN_GL_PM_ver01.0)]. In addition, in the even that there are any instructions from MOE, we are ready to provide guidance to the JCM Joint Committee at once. In addition, PDD was created based on [Joint Crediting Mechanism Guidelines for Developing Project Design Document (PDD) and Monitoring Report (JCM_VN_GL_PDD_MR_ver01.0)] and the developed JCM Methodology. In addition, in the even that there are any instructions from MOE, the JCM Joint Committee will be ready to provide the necessary confirmation to a third party evaluator (TPE) Introduction of Building Energy Saving Technologies (1) Outline of the Project Electricity consumption in Vietnam skyrocketing at a rate of approximately 14% a year in line with economic development and improvement of living standards, and civilian uses account for roughly 40% of this consumption. Ho Chi Minh City accounts for 20% of all power consumed in Vietnam, and approximately 20% of this is consumed in office buildings, commercial facilities and the like. Introducing energy saving technologies to such buildings will help promote energy saving, reduce GHG emissions, extend the useful life of buildings, and contribute to environmental preservation. The project, which targets an office building and hotel, etc. with total floor area of around 20,000m 2, aims to save energy and reduce GHG emissions through combining advanced Japanese products and technologies that were identified as promising technologies last fiscal year, for example, adsorption dehumidification type air conditioning, raising the temperature of air conditioning cold water, adoption of LED lights, introduction of smart BEMS and so on. 1Outline of the Target Building For this study, the following building has been targeted out of existing office buildings. It is a medium-size building of a type commonly found in Ho Chi Minh City, and has been selected with a view to extending the results of study to other cases

139 Table 1 Outline of the Target Building Building structure and use Reinforced concrete structure Completed year 1997 Total floor area Approx. 20,000m² Floors 21 floors Air conditioning heat source Air-cooled chiller Air conditioning system FCU (fan coil unit)on each floor Lighting system Fluorescent lights (no dimming) Ventilation system Outside air treatment unit + exhaust on each floor Control, instrumentation, etc. Local room temperature control Building exterior Figure 1 shows the trend of electricity consumption in the target building in

140 800, , ,000 Electricity consumption Trend (2012) kwh/month 500, , , , , Month Figure 1 Electricity consumption Trend in the Target Building Annual electricity consumption is 7,553MWh/year, corresponding to 378kWh/m 2 /year in terms of unit area. Based on this, the quantity of CO 2 emissions is 4,716 t-co 2/year or 236 kg-co 2/m 2 /year, which is more than 2.3 times higher than the value in a standard office building in Japan. 7,553MWh/year t-co 2/MWh = 4,716 t-co 2/year 4,716 t-co 2/year 20,000m 2 = 236 kg-co 2/m 2 /year * Grid power emission factor (CM): Source IGES Market Mechanism Country-based Handbook (March 2014) 2Identification of applicable energy saving technologies and plan for introduction Since individual building energy saving technologies can be expected to produce an energy saving effect of only a few percent, sometimes less than even 1%, there is no way to secure a significant effect with only one technology. Rather, a certain effect can be anticipated through introducing a number of technologies in combination. More than 30 technologies were found to be applicable to the target building, and these were narrowed down to the following that have a relatively large energy saving effect and can be expected to also be effective in relation to investment

141 Type of Technology Air conditioning Lighting Control Ventilation Table 2 Outline of Energy Saving Technologies Name of Technology Outline of Technology Desiccant air When introducing hot and humid outside air, adsorption treatment dehumidification, etc. is conducted without using a refrigerator. Raising the Temperature of the cold water used for cooling rooms can temperature of be changed from the conventional 7 C to 12 C, making it cold water possible to improve refrigerator efficiency. Individual By installing air conditioning cold water pumps on each control of cold floor, flow can be kept to a minimum and energy can be water flow in each saved. floor Adoption of Through upgrading lighting equipment to LED and also LED lights adopting human sensors, lighting energy can be greatly reduced. Smart BEMS Through monitoring energy use and conducting optimum operation of building equipment (air conditioning and electricity), energy can be saved. Adoption of For the large-capacity ventilation, on-off control of fans inverter fans for based on CO sensors, etc., and inverter capacity control can ventilation save energy consumption. The following paragraphs give outline descriptions of these technologies. In conventional air conditioning systems, when hot and humid outside air is introduced, cold water of around 7 C is manufactured in a refrigerator and condensation is formed on the cold water coil surface in order to control humidity; however, in desiccant air treatment, the humidity (moisture content) of outside air is adsorbed to rotor adsorbent, and this moisture content is expelled with the air discharged from rooms, thereby recycling the rotor

142 1 Adsorption type dehumidification Humidity (moisture content) of outside air is adsorbed to adsorbent of the desiccant rotor. 2Air intake to room Principles of Dehumidification Air Conditioning Dehumidified outside air is cooled and fed to rooms (temperature of cold water can be raised). 3 Heating of room exhaust air Exhaust air is heated in order to separate the adsorbed moisture. 4Rotor recycling Heated air is used to recycle the moisturefilled rotor. Design of Air Conditions Figure 2 Mechanism of Desiccant Air Treatment

143 Heat Source System Diagram Standard Floor Plan Figure 3 Examination of Cold Water Temperature Raising Raising the temperature of cold water is an effective technology when used in combination with desiccant humidity control. In conventional systems, it is essential to have water at a temperature of around 7 C in order to reduce humidity, however, water of around 12 C is sufficient to reduce temperature only, and because this allows the refrigerator outlet temperature to be increased, it is possible to downsize the refrigerator and improve operating efficiency. Through adopting the above-mentioned desiccant air treatment and raising the temperature of cold water, an energy saving of approximately 16.84% can be anticipated over the entire building. In terms of lighting, through adopting high-efficiency LED lights and also adopting human sensors, an energy saving of approximately 12.72% can be anticipated over the entire building. Concerning introduction of the energy management system, rather than a simple equipment operation support system, a smart BEMS that incorporates equipment control and building control with environmental control that includes comfort is considered to be suitable for this type of building upgrade. In addition, the adoption of inverter fans for ventilation equipment is thought to be effective. Large-capacity ventilation fans are used for ventilating buildings, however, because these operate around the clock, it is possible to save energy while maintaining functions through introducing inverter control in combination with CO sensors and so on. 3 GHG emissions reduction effect and feasibility assessment The following table summarizes the energy saving effects that can be realized by the technologies described so far

144 Table 3 Energy Saving Effect of Each Technology Estimated Type of Technology Name of Technology Outline of Technology Energy Saving Effect Desiccant treatment air When incorporating hot and humid outside air, adsorption dehumidification, etc. is conducted without using a refrigerator. Air conditioning Raising the temperature of cold water Temperature of the cold water used for cooling rooms can be changed from the conventional 7 C to 12 C, and refrigerator efficiency can be increased % Floor-separate By installing air conditioning cold water control of cold water flow pumps on each floor, flow can be kept to a minimum and energy can be saved % Lighting Adoption of LED lights Through upgrading lighting equipment to LED and also adopting human sensors, lighting energy can be greatly reduced % Adoption of Through adopting large-capacity ventilation, Ventilation inverter fans for ventilation starting and stopping of fans based on CO sensors, etc., and inverter capacity control, 0.7% equipment, etc. energy can be saved. Through adopting these technologies, an energy saving effect of approximately 30% over the entire building can be anticipated. Since electric power accounts for almost all energy consumption in office buildings, the rate of reduction in electricity consumption will be translated almost directly into reduction of greenhouse gases. In the target building, annual CO 2 emissions are 4,716 t-co 2/year, and the reduction effect is estimated as follows: 4,716 t-co 2/year x30.23%= 1,426 t-co 2/year. Discussions are currently being held with the building owners regarding the contents and costs of upgrading, however, the initial cost for the abovementioned equipment upgrades (upgrade works cost) is expected to be around 300 million yen

145 (2) Study Implementation Structure The building owners (the stakeholders) and Shimizu Corporation have a good relationship concerning the target building, and the owners greatly anticipate that high-degree energy saving upgrading better than expected can be achieved through implementing the project. Based on the study findings in this fiscal year, it is intended to implement the project in fiscal The following table shows the company s implementation structure and role of contractors. The study is conducted under this structure in cooperation with the building owner. Table 4 Company Structure (Shimizu Corporation) Division Main Roles Members Managing engineer Project overall management Vice Director: Kenji Nozaki Supervising team Project overall coordination Ministry of Environment, GEC window Project overall coordination Director: Hiroyuki Kurita Vice Director: Kenji Nozaki Group Leader: Akira Yashio Design team Compilation of upgrading plan, (Sustainable Green Business detailed design Promotion Division) (Design Department, International Division) Ho Chi Minh Office Compilation of building survey plan Compilation of upgrading plan, cost estimation (Ho Chi Minh Office, International Division) Review of MRV Review of JCM methodology Manager: Ayumu Take methodology Manager: Junichi Takeshita Field survey contractor Building field survey TONETS Corporation MRV methodology MRV methodology preparation POLYTECH ADD, Inc. preparation assisting assistance contractor

146 Shimizu Corporation Shimizu Corporation Tokyo Headquarters Project overall coordination Compilation of upgrading plan Detailed design Shimizu Corporation Ho Chi Minh Office Compilation of building survey plan Compilation of upgrading plan Cooperation Target building owner Setting of upgrade conditions Upgrade financial plan Local Mechanical Subcontractor : TONETS Corporation Site survey contractor Consultant in Japan: POLYTECH ADD, Inc. MRV methodology, PDD preparation assistance Figure 4 Implementation Structure

147 (3) Study Implementation Contents 1Implementation Items In this fiscal year, the Sustainable Green Business Promotion Division of Shimizu Corporation obtained cooperation from the Ho Chi Minh Office, etc. to select the target building from buildings that have previously been built or renovated by Shimizu Corporation while ascertaining the timing of renovating, conduct detailed survey of energy use, survey of deterioration in equipment and piping, survey of new equipment installation locations, measurements of inside and outside CO 2 concentrations, etc., and compile the energy saving upgrading plan. Moreover, concerning the financial plan necessary for the renovation, coordination and review including schedule are being conducted with the building owners with a view to realize the project in fiscal Study Implementation Contents May 7, 2014: Attendance at the first general meeting (Osaka) - Confirmation of the study contents with the FS implementing partner End of May: Selection of Sun Wah Tower as the target building following discussions with Shimizu Corporation Ho Chi Minh Office June 1~5: Field trip - Meeting with the owners of Sun Wah Tower and securing of consent to implement the building survey of this fiscal year. Building preliminary inspection was also implemented. Figure 5 Exterior View of Sun Wah Tower

148 Figure 6 Sun Wah Tower Rooftop Figure 7 Rooftop Refrigerator Figure 8 Rooftop Outside Air Intake

149 Figure 9 Rooftop Primary Cold Water Pumps Figure 10 Lighting Equipment (Fluorescent Lights) of a Tenant June 20: Attendance at the second general meeting (Osaka) - Confirmation of progress with the FS implementing partner July 1~August 1: First field survey of the target building - The first field survey of Sun Wah Building was implemented during the local rainy season, and measurements were taken of building electricity consumption and environmental items such as indoor and outdoor humidity, air quality, etc

150 Table 5 Detailed Items of the First Field Survey No. Field Survey Items Survey Results Measurement of outside NOX concentration. Around the outside air inlets of the outside air conditioning units on 3F and RF, 8:00am~, 12:00pm~, 18:00pm~ (3times), Monday through Sunday Measurement of inside NOX concentration. Tenants, GF lobby, tenant corridors (2 sites each), 8:00am~, 12:00pm~, 18:00pm~ (3 times), Monday through Sunday Measurement of outside SOX concentration. Around the outside air inlets of the outside air conditioning units on 3F and RF, 8:00am~, 12:00pm~, 18:00pm~ (3times), Monday through Sunday Measurement of inside SOX concentration. Tenants, GF lobby, tenant corridors (2 sites each), 8:00am~, 12:00pm~, 18:00pm~ (3times), Monday through Sunday Measurement of outside temperature and humidity. Around the outside air inlets of the outside air conditioning units on 3F and RF, every hour Monday through Sunday Measurement of inside temperature and humidity. Tenants, GF lobby, tenant corridor (2 sites each), every hour Monday through Sunday Measurement of cold water circulation flow (main pipes). Confirmation to see whether or not design flow is secured. Measurement of cold water circulation flow (branch pipes). Confirmation to see whether or not design flow is secured. Measurement of ventilation flow on each floor. Confirmation to see whether or not design flow is secured. Investigation of amount of power use by each tenant. Every hour Monday through Sunday Sampling of cold water pipes. 1 main and 1 branch pipe Values are within Vietnamese environmental standards, so there is no problem in particular. Values are within Vietnamese environmental standards, so there is no problem in particular. Values are within Vietnamese environmental standards, so there is no problem in particular. Values are within Vietnamese environmental standards, so there is no problem in particular. Outside air conditions of high temperature and high humidity were confirmed in the rainy season. It was confirmed that the current air conditioning system maintains indoor design conditions, although energy consumption is high. It was confirmed that flow is secured. It was confirmed that flow is secured. It was confirmed that flow is secured. Detailed data for each tenant was acquired. The degree of pipe corrosion was small and not a problem. It was confirmed that installation sites exist. Reflection in the Upgrade Plan No countermeasures required No countermeasures required No countermeasures required No countermeasures required For energy saving, desiccant air conditioning is proposed. For energy saving, desiccant air conditioning is proposed. Energy saving is proposed by means of pumps equipped with inverters. Energy saving is proposed by means of pumps equipped with inverters. Energy saving is proposed through installing motor dampers on each floor. This will be used in the detailed design. No countermeasures required Confirmation of the desiccant Desiccant dehumidifier 12 dehumidifier and additional chiller installation locations and additional chillers are proposed. 13 Investigation of deterioration in It was confirmed that Replacement of No

151 No. Field Survey Items Survey Results 14 existing chillers. Electric current measurement, amount of electric power used, COP, etc. Investigation of deterioration in existing cold water pumps. Electric current measurement, pump efficiency, etc. efficiency is dramatically down in the No. 3 chiller. It was confirmed that flow is secured. Reflection in the Upgrade Plan chiller with a new highefficiency model is proposed. Energy saving is proposed by means of pumps equipped with inverters. Figure 11 Temperature and Humidity Measurement on a Tenant Floor Figure 12 Flow Measurement in Primary Cold Water Pipes on Rooftop

152 Figure 13 Measurement of Electric Power used in a Tenant Distribution Panel Figure 14 Measurement of Air Quality in a Tenant Floor Corridor July 8~12: Field trip - Introduction of Shimizu Corporation project cases at an explanation meeting (July 10) on project development under the JCM for businesses in Vietnam August 20~22: Field trip - Participation as an observer at a workshop attended by Ho Chi Minh City, the Japanese Minister of the Environment, and Osaka City, etc. on August 21. October 15~17: Field trip - Meeting with the owners of Sun Wah Building to explain the building renovation plan

153 December 15, 2014~January 18, 2015: Second field survey of target building - The second field survey of Sun Wah Building was implemented during the local dry season, and measurements were taken of building electricity consumption and environmental items such as indoor and outdoor humidity, air quality, etc. Table 6 Detailed Items of the Second Field Survey No. Field Survey Items Survey Results Measurement of outside NOX concentration. Around the outside air inlets of the outside air conditioning units on 3F and RF, 8:00am~, 12:00pm~, 18:00pm~ (3times), Monday through Sunday Measurement of inside NOX concentration. Tenants, GF lobby, tenant corridor (2 sites each), 8:00am~, 12:00pm~, 18:00pm~ (3 times), Monday through Sunday Measurement of outside SOX concentration. Around the outside air inlets of the outside air conditioning units on 3F and RF, 8:00am~, 12:00pm~, 18:00pm~ (3times), Monday through Sunday Measurement of inside SOX concentration. Tenants, GF lobby, tenant corridors (2 sites each), 8:00am~, 12:00pm~, 18:00pm~ (3times), Monday through Sunday Measurement of outside temperature and humidity. Around the outside air inlets of the outside air conditioning units on 3F and RF, every hour Monday through Sunday Measurement of inside temperature and humidity. Tenants, GF lobby, tenant corridor (2 sites each), every hour Monday through Sunday Investigation of amount of power use by each tenant. Every hour Monday through Sunday Values are within Vietnamese environmental standards, so there is no problem in particular. Values are within Vietnamese environmental standards, so there is no problem in particular. Values are within Vietnamese environmental standards, so there is no problem in particular. Values are within Vietnamese environmental standards, so there is no problem in particular. Outside air conditions of high temperature and low humidity were confirmed in the dry season. It was confirmed that the current air conditioning system maintains indoor design conditions, although energy consumption is high. Detailed data for each tenant was acquired. Reflection in the Upgrade Plan No countermeasures required No countermeasures required No countermeasures required No countermeasures required For energy saving, desiccant air conditioning is proposed. For energy saving, desiccant air conditioning is proposed. This will be used in the detailed design. January 14~18, 2015: Field trip - The project was introduced at an international symposium for formation of low-carbon cities that was staged by Ho Chi Minh City and Osaka City on January

154 Figure 16 SO 2 Concentration Measurements in the Rainy Season Figure 17 NO 2 Concentration Measurements in the Rainy Season

155 2Survey on Preparation of JCM Methodology (ⅰ) Eligibility requirements Eligibility requirements in the methodology have been set as shown in Table 7. The requirements have been compiled so as to calculate and balance emissions assuming that the project entails equipment upgrade in an existing building. In the case where existing equipment cannot continue to be used, standard equipment will be adopted. Standard equipment here refers to products that have a high market share at the start of the project. Table 7 Eligibility Requirements Eligibility Requirement The project is implemented in an existing building. At least one of the existing air-conditioning equipment, lighting equipment and ventilation equipment is replaced. The existing equipment before replacement is capable of continuous use without exceeding the remaining lifetime. If continuous use of the existing equipment is impossible, it is assumed that new equipment will be introduced and the reference equipment will be the standard equipment at the time. Equipment before replacement uses grid electricity. Reason for Setting Each Requirement For equipment renewal in an existing building, since the goal is to introduce energy saving technology, this requirement is needed. Emission reductions are calculated for air conditioning equipment, lighting equipment, and ventilation equipment, however, other equipment renewal cannot be calculated in this methodology. In calculating reference emissions, it is assumed that equipment data before renewal can be used, however, this assumes that the equipment before renewal can continue to be used. If it can no longer be used, it is necessary to target the new equipment that can be introduced at that point in order to preserve conservativeness. It is assumed that the equipment after renewal will use grid electricity. In order to prevent the methodology becoming too complicated, it is assumed that the equipment before renewal also uses grid power. The following table shows a comparison of the eligibility requirements with the project contents. Since the project contents comply with all the requirements, the proposed methodology is applicable to the project. Table 8 Eligibility Requirements Eligibility Requirement The project is implemented in an existing building. At least one of the existing air-conditioning equipment, lighting equipment and ventilation equipment is replaced. Project Explanation The project will be implemented in Sun Wah Tower, which was completed in Ho Chi Minh City in Therefore, it complies with the requirement. The project entails renewal of air conditioning equipment, lighting equipment, and ventilation equipment. For air conditioning equipment, equipment that contains technology for desiccant air treatment, raising the temperature of cold water, and floorseparate control of cold water flow will be introduced. For lighting equipment, high-efficiency LED lights and human sensors will be introduced. And for ventilation equipment, ventilation fans

156 The existing equipment before replacement is capable of continuous use without exceeding the remaining lifetime. If continuous use of the existing equipment is impossible, it is assumed that new equipment will be introduced and the reference equipment will be the standard equipment at the time. Equipment before replacement uses grid electricity. that enable inverter control based on CO sensors will be introduced. Therefore, it complies with the requirement. Since the air conditioning equipment, lighting equipment, and ventilation equipment in the target building can be used, the reference equipment will be the equipment before renewal. Therefore, it complies with the requirement. The power used by the target building in the project is purchased from the power company. Therefore, it complies with the requirement. (ⅱ) Calculation of reference emissions and project emissions The BaU scenario is the case where existing air conditioning equipment, lighting equipment, and ventilation equipment continues to be used. When calculating reference emissions, the energy efficiency and rated electricity consumption are used. Catalog values are used for these. Actual values of energy efficiency and rated electricity consumption may grow worse than catalog values due to changes over time and operating conditions, however, by using catalog values in calculations, emissions become smaller than BaU values and can be conservatively evaluated. Reference emissions are calculated using the following expression: RE p REAC, p REL, p REV, p (1) Where, RE p RE AC,p RE L,p RE V,p Reference emissions [tco 2/p] Air conditioning equipment (heat source) reference emissions [tco 2/p] Lighting equipment reference emissions [tco 2/p] Ventilation equipment reference emissions [tco 2/p] i Air conditioning equipment RE RQ 1 1 EF AC, p AC, p grid (2) R AC 3.6 Where, RE AC,p RQ AC,p Air conditioning equipment reference emissions [tco 2/p] Amount of heat produced by reference air conditioning equipment [GJ/p] Rε AC Energy efficiency of reference air conditioning equipment [-] EF grid Grid power emission factor [tco 2/MWh] RQ PQ PEC P 3.6 (3) AC, p AC, p AC, p AC Where,

157 RQ AC,p Amount of heat produced by reference air conditioning equipment [GJ/p] PQ AC,p Amount of heat produced by project air conditioning equipment [GJ/p] PEC AC,p Electricity consumption in project air conditioning equipment [MWh/p] Pε AC Energy efficiency of project air conditioning equipment [-] ii Lighting equipment RE RRE ROH, EF L, p L, i L, i p grid (4) i Where, RE L,p RRE L,i ROH L,i,p EF grid I Lighting equipment reference emissions [tco 2/p] Rated electricity consumption of reference lighting equipment in area i [MW] Operating time of reference lighting equipment in area i [hour/p] Grid power emission factor [tco 2/MWh] Area inside building (i = office, common) iii Ventilation equipment RE RRE ROH, EF V, p V V p grid (5) Where, RE V,p RW V ROH V,p EF grid Ventilation equipment reference emissions [tco 2/p] Electricity consumption of reference ventilation equipment [MW] Operating time of reference ventilation equipment [hour/p] Grid power emission factor [tco 2/MWh] Project emissions are calculated using the following expression: PE p PEAC, p PEL, p PEV, p (6) Where, PE p PE AC,p PE L,p PE V,p Project emissions [tco 2/p] Air conditioning equipment project emissions [tco 2/p] Lighting equipment project emissions [tco 2/p] Ventilation equipment project emissions [tco 2/p] i Air conditioning equipment PE PEC, EF AC, p AC p grid (7) Where, PE AC,p PEC AC,p EF grid Air conditioning equipment project emissions [tco 2/p] Electricity consumption in project air conditioning equipment [MWh/p] Grid power emission factor [tco 2/MWh]

158 ii Lighting equipment PE PEC, EF L, p L p grid (8) Where, PE L,p PEC L,p EF grid Lighting equipment project emissions [tco 2/p] Electricity consumption in project lighting equipment [MWh/y] Grid power emission factor[tco 2/MWh] iii Ventilation equipment PE PEC, EF V, p V p grid (9) Where, PE V,p PEC V,p EF grid Ventilation equipment project emissions [tco 2/p] Electricity consumption in project ventilation equipment [MWh/p] Grid power emission factor [tco 2/MWh] (ⅲ) Settings before project implementation The following table shows a list of the values that need to be set before implementation of the project. Table 9 Settings before Project Implementation Item Explanation Basis for Setting EF grid Grid power emission factor Value published by the Government of [tco2/mwh] Vietnam Rε AC Reference air conditioning equipment energy efficiency [%] Information from manufacturer (catalog values, etc.) Pε AC Project air conditioning equipment energy efficiency [%] COP is converted from the catalog value to the actual value using monthly mean values of climate in Ho Chi Minh City. If the disparity in the calculated monthly COP values is small, adopt the minimum value throughout the year to be on the conservative side. RRE L,office Rated electricity consumption of reference lighting equipment in office area [MW] RRE L,common Rated electricity consumption of reference lighting equipment in common area [MW] ROH L,office,p Operating time of reference lighting equipment in office area [hour/p] ROH L,common,p Operating time of reference lighting equipment in common area [hour/p] RRE V Rated electricity consumption of reference ventilation equipment [MW] ROH V,p Operating time of reference ventilation equipment [hour/p] Information from manufacturer (catalog values, etc.) Information from manufacturer (catalog values, etc.) Information from the building owner and tenants Information from the building owner and tenants Information from manufacturer (catalog values, etc.) Information from the building owner

159 (ⅳ) Monitoring items and frequency The following table shows the monitoring items, and the method and frequency for monitoring them. All items are continuously measured. Table 10 Monitoring Items Item Explanation Monitoring Method and Frequency PEC AC,p PEC L,p PEC V,p Electricity consumption in project Measurement by watt-hour meter. air conditioning equipment [MWh/p] Introduced inspected instruments and calibrate once per year. Electricity consumption in project Measurement by watt-hour meter. lighting equipment [MWh/p] Introduced inspected instruments and calibrate once per year. Electricity consumption in project Measurement by watt-hour meter. ventilation equipment [MWh/p] Introduced inspected instruments and calibrate once per year. (ⅴ) Emission reductions (or JCM credit amount) Emission reductions are calculated using the following expression: ER RE PE (10) p p p ER p RE p PE p Emission reductions [tco 2/p] Reference emissions [tco 2/p] Project emissions [tco 2/p] Emission reductions in the project are estimated as follows according to the expression in the proposed methodology: <Reference emissions> i Air conditioning equipment RQ PQ PEC P 3.6 (3) AC, p AC, p AC, p AC = 2, = 40,545 RE RQ 1 1 EF AC, p AC, p grid (2) R AC 3.6 = 40,545 1/3.01 1/ = 2,

160 PEC AC,p Electricity consumption in project air conditioning :2, equipment [MWh/p] Pε AC Project air conditioning equipment energy efficiency[-] :4.56 Rε AC Reference air conditioning equipment energy :3.01 efficiency[-] EF grid Grid power emission factor[tco 2/MWh] : ii Lighting equipment RE RRE ROH, EF L, p L, i L, i p grid (4) i RRE L, office ROH L, office, p RREL, common ROH L, common, p EFgrid = ( , ,200) = 849 RRE L,office Rated electricity consumption of reference lighting : equipment in office area [MW] RRE L,common Rated electricity consumption of reference lighting : equipment in common area [MW] ROH L,office,p Operating time of reference lighting equipment in office :3,510 area [hour/p] ROH L,common,p Operating time of reference lighting equipment in :7,200 common area [hour/p] EF grid Grid power emission factor [tco 2/MWh] : iii Ventilation equipment RE RRE ROH, EF V, p V V p grid (5) = , = 115 RW V Electricity consumption of reference ventilation : equipment [MW] ROH V,p Operating time of reference ventilation equipment :8,760 [hour/p] EF grid Grid power emission factor [tco 2/MWh] : iv Total of each equipment RE p REAC, p REL, p REV, p (1) = 2, = 3,300 <Project emissions> i Air conditioning equipment PE PEC, EF AC, p AC p grid (7) = 2, = 1,542 PEC AC,p Electricity consumption in project air conditioning :2,

161 equipment [MWh/p] EF grid Grid power emission factor [tco 2/MWh] : ii Lighting equipment PE PEC, EF L, p L p grid (8) = = 250 PEC L,p Electricity consumption in project lighting equipment : [MWh/y] EF grid Grid power emission factor [tco 2/MWh] : iii Ventilation equipment PE PEC, EF V, p V p grid (9) = = 82 PEC V,p Electricity consumption in project ventilation equipment : [MWh/p EF grid Grid power emission factor[tco 2/MWh] : iv Total of each equipment PE p PEAC, p PEL, p PEV, p (6) = 1, = 1,874 <Emission reductions> ER RE PE (10) p p = 3,300-1,874 = 1,426 p

162 3Investigation related to Preparation of the JCM Project Design Document (PDD) (ⅰ) Environmental impact assessment Because the project targets the renewal (upgrading) of equipment in a specific existing building, there is no need for environmental impact assessment. (ⅱ) Discussions with local stakeholders The building owners (the stakeholders) and Shimizu Corporation have a good relationship concerning the target building, and the owners greatly anticipate that high-degree energy saving, upgrading better than expected can be achieved through the project. Moreover, concerning the financial plan necessary for the upgrading, coordination and review including schedule are being conducted with the building owners with a view to realizing the project in fiscal Since the project targets the renewal (upgrading) of equipment in a specific existing building, the building tenants are identified as the stakeholders. The building owners and Shimizu Corporation will conduct explanations and interviews with the building tenants and hear their comments concerning the equipment upgrading schedule. (ⅲ) Monitoring plan The target building owners will appoint the person in charge of monitoring and build the monitoring structure. The person in charge of monitoring will guarantee the quality of the monitoring report. In preparing the monitoring report, a manager will be appointed as the person responsible for gathering data and controlling the monitoring instruments (including calibration and inspection) in the monitoring locations. The monitoring items will basically be the electricity consumption of each type of equipment as shown in the following figure. Electricity consumption will be measured by watt-hour meters and archived as electronic data. Building Air conditioning equipment Lighting equipment System Ventilation equipment Watt-hour meters Figure 18 Monitoring Positions (ⅳ) Calibration of measuring instruments Measuring instruments in the project will basically be only watt-hour meters. Where necessary,

163 flowmeters, thermometers and so on will also be used, and such instruments will be inspected before introduction and calibrated once per year thereafter. 4Investigation Geared to project Realization (ⅰ) Project plan (including financial plan and review of profitability) Concerning the financial plan, it is intended to offset some of the costs through having the project recognized as a subsidized undertaking under the bilateral offset credit system. It is planned for the international consortium that is expected to comprise of Sun Wah Properties (the enterprise that owns Sun Wah Tower) and Shimizu Corporation to commence the concrete review of the total costs and financial plan. Concerning the part of costs that cannot be covered by equipment subsidies from the Government of Japan, it is aimed to have Sun Wah Properties take budget steps. Figure 19 shows the project implementation structure. Shimizu Corporation and Sun Wah Properties aim to realize the project as an international consortium. Subcontract or A Subcontract or B Equipment manufacturer C Works outsourcing Works outsourcing Equipment ordering International consortium Japanese Ministry of Environment Subsidy Shimizu Corporation (Japanese enterprise) Sun Wah Properties Figure 19 Works Implementation Structure Concerning the works plan, because the renovation works will only be conducted on Saturdays and Sundays one floor at a time in order to allow tenants to continue operations, it is estimated that the entire works will take around 18 months. In the case where fiscal 2015 subsidies are applied for, taking into account the time required for preparations and procedures, it is guessed that the works will begin around September 2015 and finish at the end of fiscal Operation of the building following completion of the upgrading works will be conducted by the owner Sun Wah Properties as before

164 (ⅱ) MRV structure As is shown in the following figure, the necessary monitoring data will be submitted by the building owners for confirmation by the Ho Chi Minh Office of Shimizu Corporation, and then the Tokyo head office will compile the monitoring report for verification. Shimizu Corporation Shimizu Corporation Tokyo Head Office Monitoring report preparation Receipt of verification Cooperation Target building owners Sending of monitoring data Calibration of monitoring instruments Shimizu Corporation Ho Chi Minh Office Confirmation of monitoring data Figure 20 MRV Implementation Structure (ⅲ) Acquisition of project authorization Since the project entails routine building renovation, no special authorization will be required in advance. The design drawings will be prepared and submitted to the Ho Chi Minh People s Committee building department. (ⅳ) Japan s contribution Among the advanced nations, Japan has a particularly hot and humid climate, and its technology related to dehumidification air conditioning in particular is superior to that of developing countries and also Western nations. Considering that many cities in Southeast Asia including Ho Chi Minh have high-temperature, high-humidity climate, the demand for cooling is expected to grow dramatically from now on. By using solar water heaters and so forth, it will be relatively easy to secure heat sources and the potential for energy saving via dehumidification air conditioning will be extremely large. Concerning dehumidification air conditioning, Japanese manufacturers are engaged in developing products, and it will be significant to deploy these as Japanese technology under the JCM scheme. Moreover, when implementing energy saving in a building, rather than applying one effective technology, it is more effective to optimally coordinate and combine a number of small technologies. Such work is time consuming and cannot be disseminated in one fell swoop, however, if the optimal combination of technologies can be treated as a specialty of Japanese enterprises, and appropriate standards can be established based on public-private cooperation, it is possible that Japanese technologies can be similarly deployed over the long-term future

165 (ⅴ) Securing of environmental integrity Examination was carried out on environmental impacts in building energy saving systems and area energy saving systems. The project entails introducing higher efficiency systems than compared to using existing energy systems, and it is thought that this will entail hardly any negative impacts on the environment. It has been confirmed that the energy saving technologies and systems proposed for introduction do not contain or use any environmental pollutants. (ⅵ) Contribution to sustainable development in Vietnam In Ho Chi Minh City, many buildings that were constructed in the 1990s are now due for equipment upgrading. Introducing energy saving technologies to such buildings will help promote energy saving, reduce GHG emissions, extend the useful life of buildings, and contribute to environmental preservation. (4) Future Issues and Schedule 1Issues: Project financial plan and implementation scheme: Set up of the international consortium that will be the project implementing body and that will apply for the equipment subsidy, financial plan for the parts that cannot be covered by the equipment subsidy, and compilation of the project implementation scheme Works plan: Compilation of the works plan in accordance with the financial plan and implementation scheme MRV structure: Preparation of the Monitoring Plan Sheet and Monitoring Structure Sheet 2Specific contents that need to be implemented from now on: Set up of the international consortium that will be the project implementing body and that will apply for the equipment subsidy, financial plan for the parts that cannot be covered by the equipment subsidy, and compilation of the project implementation scheme: Concrete discussions will be advanced with the international consortium composed of Sun Wah Properties (the building owner) and Shimizu Corporation concerning the project implementation scheme. Compilation of the building upgrading plan and the works plan according to the financial plan and implementation scheme: The works plan will be compiled according to the requested contents of building upgrade by the building owners, the budget measures schedule, and in consideration of the fact that works will be implemented while tenants are still using the building. Preparation of the Monitoring Plan Sheet and Monitoring Structure Sheet: The MRV structure will be constructed with care taken not to deviate from JCM rules

166 3Future schedule: Year/Month Table 11 Future Implementation Schedule Item 2015 May Application to the Ministry of Environment s JCM equipment subsidy scheme 2015 Start of building upgrading using the equipment subsidy September 2017 March End of building upgrading 2017 April~ Start of operation of the upgraded building Annex> Draft JCM Methodology (English), Draft PDD (English)

167 3. 2 Promotion to Convert to Eco-Friendly and Park-and-Ride Buses (1) Outline of the Project 1Study background Currently, in Ho Chi Minh mass transit public transportation modes such as subways, BRT, etc. have not yet been constructed, and buses are the only current form of public transportation. Since in Ho Chi Minh the development of 1 or 2 MRT lines is proceeding but the start of operation is not planned to be until around 2020, until that time buses are an important mode of public transportation. Against this backdrop, from 2003 to 2012 Ho Chi Minh implemented plans to make their bus network more comprehensive, and this achieved a certain degree of success. During this period, the focus of activities was more on improving bus services than on increasing the number of buses owned in particular. In 2002, the bus transportation capacity was 36.2 million people per year, and by 2012 this had increased to 413 million people per year. Furthermore, in 2002, the average number of passengers for the 2,100 buses owned at that time was 20.2 people per bus, but in 2013 the average number of passengers for the 2,954 buses owned had increased to 54 people per bus. At the same time, in the current situation this means that it only around 10% of the city transportation demand is being supported. Because of this, it is desirable to expand the system to handle 15% of transportation demand in 2015, and a bus transportation master plan is currently under consideration. It is important to note that in this plan, not only will the number of buses be increased, but improving bus services is also set as an important goal. As stated above, in response to the rapid increase in the number of motorcycles and cars, Ho Chi Minh is actively working to shift transportation demand to buses, and these efforts are proceeding with activities focused on not only increasing the number of buses, but also on shifting transportation modes through improving bus services. This project is for supporting the transportation policies of Ho Chi Minh, and through the introduction of new transportation policy models developed by Japan, aims to contribute to reducing the CO2 from the city's transportation sector. 2Project overview (ⅰ) Project content This project in Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam aims to reduce GHG due to commuting traffic by encouraging citizens to switch from motorcycles and cars as their main mode of commuting to buses through the introduction of i) a Park-and-Bus-Ride (hereafter referred to as "P&BR") system utilizing commercial facilities and ii) a public transportation Eco Point system. The specifics of the project are as follows: i) P&BR utilizing commercial facilities This system has been introduced by the Aeon Group in Japan, in which customers who purchase shopping tickets (generally around 3,000 to 5,000 in Japan) at the store are allowed to utilize the store's parking lot as a P&BR parking lot. In the implementation of this project, it is necessary to

168 secure parking spaces that can serve as P&BR spaces and areas for getting on and off buses. In addition, for the purposes of store security management, it is necessary to be able to specify the motorcycle or car used by the purchaser of shopping tickets. For this purpose, P&BR users will be required to submit a "P&BR usage application form" to enable their personal information such as vehicle license plate number, home address, etc. to be known. ii) Public Transportation Eco Points A system in which users of public transportation are awarded a fixed number of Eco Points in order to encourage customers to switch to public transportation. This has also already been introduced by the Aeon Group in Japan as "Green Score". For the realization of this project, it is necessary to accurately capture the public transportation usage history (date of use, number of times, etc.) and award points based on that history. This project will be initially implemented at the Ho Chi Minh Aeon Store #1 (which opened in January 2014), but since it can be expanded to wherever there is a large commercial facility in the suburbs, the aim is to expand it to other stores (for example, to the Aeon Store #2 scheduled to open in October of the same year, etc.), and even to other cities and countries. Since operators of bus services connecting P&BR stores and the city center are essential to this project, the Ho Chi Minh Transportation (hereafter referred to as "DOT") becomes a counterpart. In addition, other partners include the owner of the commercial facility providing the store parking spaces for P&BR, the Japanese companies contributing funds for operating the transportation Eco Point system, etc. Aeon Store #2 (Planned) Aeon Store #1 (Opened in January 2014) Takashimaya (Planned) Figure 1: Planned openings of Japanese commercial facilities in Ho Chi Minh (ⅱ) Host country conditions: (a) General situation of transportation in Ho Chi Minh The road network in Ho Chi Minh has already reached the limits of its capacity due to the rapid

169 popularization of personal transportation modes such as motorcycles, cars, etc. It is reported from recent data that the citizens own 5 million motorcycles and 500,000 cars. Due to this, it is feared that the problems of air pollution and global warming will become more serious in the future. On the other hand, in Ho Chi Minh mass transit public transportation modes such as subways, BRT, etc. have not yet been constructed, and buses are the only current form of public transportation. Since there are currently 1 or 2 MRT lines currently being planned to start operation around 2020, switching the mode of transportation from personal transportation modes to buses as a public transportation mode is seen as an extremely important transportation policy from the viewpoint of countermeasures for traffic congestion and global warming. (b) Bus activation measures Against this backdrop, from 2003 to 2012 Ho Chi Minh implemented plans to make their bus network more comprehensive, and this achieved a certain degree of success. During this period, the focus of activities was more on improving bus services than on increasing the number of buses. In 2002, the bus transportation capacity was 36.2 million people per year, and by 2012 this had increased to 413 million people per year. In 2002, the average number of passengers for the 2,100 buses owned at that time was 20.2 people per bus, but in 2013 the average number of passengers for the 2,954 buses owned had increased to 54 people per bus. At the same time, in the current situation this means that it only around 10% of the city transportation demand is being supported. Because of this, it is desirable to expand the system to handle 15% of transportation demand in 2015, and a bus transportation master plan is currently under consideration. In this plan, not only will the number of buses be increased, but in addition there are important policy goals for improving bus services, and these are points that should receive attention. (c) Relevance to this project As stated above, in response to the rapid increase in the number of motorcycles and cars in Ho Chi Minh, there are vigorous efforts to shift transportation demand to buses, with a particular focus on shifting transportation modes through improving bus services. The P&BR and public transportation Eco Point systems in this project are also consistent with the city's transportation policy

170 1-3 Study partners Nikken Sekkei Research Institute Discussions on coordination of bus operations Ho Chi Minh DOT P & BR bus operation IC card introduction Nagoya University: Professor Takayuki Morikawa Project technical advice based on domestic Japan results Technical advice on MRV methodology Aeon Mall (Vietnam) Provision of various kinds of information as a P & BR collaborator Cooperation in field studies Vietnamese-German University Cooperation in field studies Figure 1-4: Organization for implementation of this study (2) Study contents and results 1 Eligibility criteria In order to establish this MRV method, the following issues were raised. Issue 1: Establishment of a transportation environment in which a P&BR system can be realized. To begin with, in order to realize a P&BR system, a transportation environment in which parking lots and bus routes conducive to P&BR can be introduced with certainty is essential. Issue 2: Ability to accurately determine GHG reduction amounts In order to accurately forecast the amount of shift from motorcycles and cars to buses due to P&BR., it is necessary to devise a structure for accurately determining respective travel behaviors before and after implementation. In addition, the forms of commuting traffic include not only just driving oneself by motorcycle or car, but also carpooling, transportation to/from the bus stop, etc., and to accurately forecast the amount of reduction, it is necessary to be able to classify each of these and determine them separately. Issue 3: Construction of a system to efficiently process large volumes of data from different management categories Calculation of GHG reduction amounts requires information from store operators on the usage of parking lots under their management and information such as bus usage history, etc. managed by transportation operators. In addition, it is desirable that this project not be limited to only Aeon Store #1 but be a business model which can be smoothly participated in by other stores which advance into Ho Chi Minh in the future. Because of this, it is necessary to reduce the workload related to MRV for store operators

171 Based on the above, the eligibility criteria were set from the following viewpoints. Eligibility criteria 1 and 2 to deal with issue 1. Eligibility criteria 3 and 4 to deal with issue 2. Eligibility criteria 5 to deal with issue 3. Table 1: Eligibility criteria Eligibility criteria1 Existence of private commercial facility in suburbs for P&BR use. In order to realize P&BR in a large-scale commercial facility in the suburbs, the commercial facility must be located in the suburbs and in addition, it must be possible to secure sufficient parking spaces for P&BR (there must be a surplus of parking spaces). Eligibility criteria2 Existence of bus routes conducive to P&BR which can be accessed from the parking lot. In order to realize P&BR, after parking the commercial facility's parking lot, there must be bus routes from the parking lot to destinations such as the city center, etc. In addition, the distance between the parking lot and the bus stop for getting on and off the bus must be short, and there must be no obstacles to walking between the two. Eligibility criteria3 Completion of introduction of IC card as a bus fare payment method. By implementing IC cards as a bus fare payment method, the following records required for calculating GHG reduction amounts can be collected: Capturing of bus usage frequency and distance (section between getting on and off) due to P&BR Capturing of method of access to Aeon parking lot (driving own motorcycle/car, carpooling, walking) is possible. Furthermore, the requirements for the IC card are as follows: Card type: Type A or Type C Information stored on card: Section between getting on and off (Date and time of riding will also be stored); Record of passing through parking lot gate; ID information correlating with P&BR usage application form. Eligibility criteria4 Mandatory submission of P&BR usage application form by users. For calculating GHG emission reduction amounts, it is necessary to identify the transportation method before switching to P&BR (previous method), the user's home address and destination, and the transportation method used to get to the parking lot when using P&BR. For that purpose, users will be required to submit a P&BR usage application form filled out with such information. Submission of this application is common even for P&BR examples in Japan, and is also essential information and procedures for the commercial facility operator from the aspect of parking lot management. Eligibility criteria5 Development of a system for automatically calculating GHG reduction amounts. For calculating GHG reduction amounts, the information on the P&BR usage application form (home address, destination, previous transportation method) and IC card information (bus usage history information, records on passing through the parking lot gate) are necessary, but such data are large volumes of data day by day and moment by moment, and in addition they are managed by different organizations (parking-lotrelated information is managed by the store operators, and bus-related information is managed by DOT). Because of this, a system that can span management classifications and automatically aggregate such data is necessary. By using such a system, GHG emission amounts can be accurately calculated in real time without any workload on operators, etc

172 2 Value settings before implementation of project (ⅰ) Default values The GHG emission sources which are considered subjects of this project are as follows: Table 2: Subject GHG and emission sources Classification Emission source Subject transportation Subject section GHG type Reference value Transportation mode (mainly motorcycle or car is assumed) previously used for commuting transportation Entire section traveled by previous transportation method. CO2 Transportation mode for access from home Access transportation CO2 to large-scale commercial facility (mainly section after Project value motorcycle or car is assumed) implementation From large-scale commercial facility to bus stop near destination CO2 Based on the above, the default values which are necessary would be as follows: Table 2-3: List of default values RE/PE Information/Data Default value Basis for setting RE PE PE Per-unit CO2 emissions for each commuting transportation mode used prior to the existence of this project. Per-unit CO2 emissions for transportation mode for access from home to largescale commercial facility (P&BR) Per-unit CO2 emissions for bus from large-scale commercial facility (P&BR) to destination RE Fuel consumption improvement coefficient RE/PE α value for determining road distance value from spatial distance value: Road distance value = Spatial distance value α Setting from 2.3 for each transportation mode Original estimation for this study while referring to recent results values in Vietnam Use/non-use of conservative calculation and reason for use/non-use Since values are averaged public values, there is no need for conservative settings Same as above Same as above Same as above Setting from 2.3 for each transportation mode 1.2%/year Data for CNG bus was set using study data from study performed by Ho Chi Minh in Forecast value from The Institute of Energy Economics, Japan was used Estimated in this study. Same as above Also specified in the CDM methodology Conventionally it would be thought that road network density would increase, but since

173 * RE: Reference emission amount PE: Project emission amount the network density of suburban road extensions is low, a conservative estimation is desirable. (ⅱ) Calculation of emission reduction amounts (Calculation of reference emission amounts and project emission amounts) (a) About reference emission amounts The reference scenario is based on a BaU scenario in which there is no P&BR and no transportation Eco Point system, and the current transportation mode usage is continued, and furthermore, conservative calculation methods are used. The effects of fuel consumption improvements and reviews of road structure for the existing transportation Figure 3: Concept of reference scenario modes are taken into consideration, and conservatism is secured by applying a 1.2% per year fuel consumption improvement coefficient as stated earlier. Furthermore, the registered contents of the P&BR usage application form are obtained, and emissions are calculated from the road distance and the per-unit CO2 emissions for each transportation mode. Taking the above into consideration, the calculation method for reference emission amounts can be stated as the following equation: Reference emission amounts(t-co2)=bau emission amounts(t-co2) RCo RCo : Fuel consumption improvement coefficient(%) In other words, CE r = Σ{Σ(CE bai RCo y-t )} D i CE bai : BaU emission amounts of individual i (t-co2) i : Individual D : Number of days of P&BR usage Furthermore, CE bai = IDE mi L d L d : Travel distance (km) between home and work location IDE mi : Per-unit CO2 emissions (tco2/person km) for corresponding transportation mode

174 Here, the distance between home and work location is measured as the spatial distance calculated (x km) using a map information system based on the home address and work address registered in the aforementioned P&BR usage application form. From this, the calculation of road distance (X km) = x km 1.25 is performed. (b) About project emission amounts Project emission amounts are calculated separately for 2 sections: Access section and bus ride section CE p = Σ{ Σ (CE ai + CE bi)} D i CE p : Project emission amounts CE ai : Access emission amounts of Individual i CE bi : Bus ride emission amounts of Individual i i: Individual D: Number of days of P&BR usage Calculation method for access emission amounts Access emission amounts are calculated by determining the road distance from the home address information registered in the P&BR usage application form, and multiplying that by the perunit emissions corresponding to the access transportation method used (as registered in the P&BR usage application form). CE ai =IDE mi L d CE ai : Access section emissions amount for Individual i L d : Travel distance (km) between home and commercial facility location IDE mi : Per-unit CO2 emissions (tco2/person km) for corresponding transportation mode The travel distance is calculated as stated above as 1.25 times the spatial distance (x km). Calculation method for bus ride emission amounts The bus ride section distance can be obtained if the IC card system for paying bus fares is introduced. CE bi = IDE b L b CE bi : Bus ride section emissions amount for Individual i L b : Distance (km) of section between getting on and getting off bus IDE b : Per-unit CO2 emissions (tco2/person km) for type of bus used (c) Fuel consumption improvement coefficient for internal-combustion-engine vehicles For this project, it was decided to include the fuel consumption improvement effects of technological innovations on internal-combustion engines in the reference emission amounts. For

175 example, in CDM (ACM0016 or AM0031), fuel consumption improvement is set at 1% per year. On the other hand, for this project we aimed to set the fuel consumption improvement coefficient using a clear basis for making such setting, and the value from a research report by The Institute of Energy Economics, Japan was used. According to that report, for non-oecd member countries, since emission regulations are not strict, fuel consumption improvements are self-driven, and fuel consumption improvement effects from 2005 to 2050 is estimated to be 35%. Of this, the improvement ratio for 2010 to 2020 is expected to be 12%, so for this project it was set at 1.2% per year. Of this, the improvement ratio from 2010 to 2020 is expected to be 12%. Table 2-4: Energy efficiency improvement ratios for transportation modes as presented in CDM_ACM0016 (d) Road distance - spatial distance estimation coefficient α This coefficient is used to calculate "road distance" from "spatial distance". It is necessary to estimate the "road distance" from the home address and the destination address/bus stop provided on the P&BR usage application form. The spatial distance (straight-line distance) between the two registered addresses can be easily calculated from a map information system, but a mechanism for estimating the road distance from the spatial distance is required. For this purpose, in this study Ho Chi Minh road network data was constructed, and a model for estimating road distance from spatial distance was investigated. L d (Road distance) =L sp (Spatial distance) α For setting α, as described in the attached documents, using the data for the road network within Ho Chi Minh, the spatial distance and road distance were measured between specific points (25 locations) within the city, and an α value which covered 95% of the accumulated data points was adopted. As a result, α was set at Since in general in Japan the α value is always between 1.2 and 1.3, the set value was judged as appropriate. Point A Spatial distance Measurable using map information data, Point B Road distance Must be estimated based on spatial Figure 2: Relationship between spatial distance and road distance

176 (3) Setting of per-unit emissions In this study, a detailed study regarding estimation of the CO2 emission amounts for each transportation mode, which is essential when estimating reference emission amounts and project emission amounts, was conducted. 1 Results of previous studies A study of the per-unit CO2 emissions from each transportation mode in Vietnam was conducted in 2012, and the settings in Table 2 were made based on the study results. (Source: JCM/BOCM feasibility study on offset credit system between two countries "Promotion of Modal Shift from Roadway Transportation to Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) (Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.)"). In order to maintain consistency with other JCM models, it was considered desirable to use those default values uniformly, and the default values shown in Table 4 are used in this project as well. In addition, the per-unit CO2 emission amounts for CNG buses are set using the actual values for CNG buses obtained during the Bus Performance Evaluation Study conducted by the Ho Chi Minh Transportation (DOT) in The per-unit CO2 emissions were set taking into consideration that the CO2 reduction effect of CNG buses is approximately 8.0% (refer to Table 3). Table 4: Per-unit CO2 emissions for each transportation mode * Per-unit emissions for CNG buses were calculated independently in this study. Per-unit CO2 Average Transportation emission amount Type of fuel Fuel efficiency number mode [tco2/person per passengers km] of Walking Bicycle Electric bicycle Electricity Motorcycle Gasoline Car Gasoline Taxi Gasoline Diesel fuel Bus CNG

177 Table 5: Comparison of CO2 emission amounts for diesel vs. CNG for Ho Chi Minh NO28 bus model NO28 model Emission Diesel CNG CO 2 [Kg] CO 2 [Ton] reduction effect 23,118 On the other hand, since the per-unit CO2 emissions from motorcycles, cars, and buses exert a major influence on these JCM reduction effect estimations, they should be set very carefully. Among these amounts, since the amount for buses is the amount measured by the Ho Chi Minh DOT in 2013, these were taken as the true value. For the remaining per-unit emissions for motorcycles and cars, they were carefully verified in this study. 2 Methodology In this study, the per-unit CO2 emissions for each transportation mode used in this project were set using the International Vehicle Emissions (hereafter referred to as "IVE") model. As stated above, although per-unit CO2 emissions were set in previous studies, since per-unit emissions are important elements in reduction amount estimations, for this study they were set using on-site investigations and the latest forecasting technologies. (ⅰ) Outline of IVE-model The International Vehicle Emissions (IVE) model has been developed jointly by the University of California at Riverside, College of Engineering Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), Global Sustainable Systems Research (GSSR), and the International Sustainable Systems Research Center (ISSRC). Its prime purpose is application in developing countries. This model uses vehicle technology distributions, power-based driving factors, vehicle density distributions, and meteorological factors specific for local condition (ISSRC, 2008). With high resolution, friendly user interface and flexibility in multi scale choices, multi technologies as well as base adjustment ability, compared with other models, the IVE model (version 2.0.2) was selected to calculate the emission factors from car and motorcycle fleets in HCMC. The IVE model contains a total of 1372 predefined technologies, and an additional 45 nondefined technologies. The technologies are grouped using the following parameters: Vehicle Size (7 options including trucks) Fuel Type (5 options) Vehicle Use (3 options) Fuel Delivery System (3 options) Evaporative Control System (varies) Exhaust Control System/Standards (varies)

178 In addition, emissions when vehicle is traveling and when starting vehicle can be estimated separately. In this study, since the emission load when traveling is larger and also because monitoring engine starting is difficult and not taking this into consideration results in a conservative estimate, only the emission amounts when traveling were used as the subject of estimations. (ⅱ) Overview of investigation of current situation In order to obtain the condition data which are required to be input to the IVE model, in this study 1 Questionnaire surveys, 2 Video observation investigation of traffic volumes, and 3 GPS logger investigations were conducted in Ho Chi Minh. An overview of this data is shown below. Table 3-4: Summary of Data Collection Data types Method Recordings Valid data - Car/motorcycle brand - Technology types of cars and motorcycles - Start time and soak time distributions Questionnaire survey - Engine volume - Odometer reading - Model year - Age - Emission standard - Number of starts per day 2066 questionnaire sheets - Time of stop, starts On-road car and motorcycle fleet Video camera Counting by hour 1170 minutes video data recording Driving patterns 2 GPS loggers combined with the car and motorcycle operated on-road Instantaneous location, time, longitude, latitude, altitude and speed of the car/motorcycle operated on- road Total secondby- second of on- road GPS recording 2 minutes GPS data: 5 days*2 drivers (1 car. 1MC) Starts locations 2 GPS loggers Time and location when engine turned on & turn off 5 days of start patterns survey 1 Questionnaire survey A survey of 3,500 people was conducted, and 2,066 responses were obtained. Questionnaire distribution methods were as follows: (i) Giving questionnaire sheets at an organization such as company, university and so on. (ii) Giving questionnaire sheets at citizen s home

179 (iii) Asking citizens on street, coffee shop, gasoline station, etc. to answer the questionnaire sheets. 2 VIDEO investigation The video investigation was conducted to determine the traffic volume by vehicle type and cameras were located at the locations shown below along typical roads in Ho Chi Minh. Figure 3-1 Selected streets for video survey Figure 3-2: Video survey at Dien Bien Phu Street Figure 3-3: View of camera at Dien Bien Phu (screenshot) 3 GPS for driving characteristics Two GlobalSat GPS loggers DG-100 were installed in a car and a motorcycle respectively to measure driving characteristics on representative streets. The car and motorcycle with GPS devices ran on three routes on December 15 from 6:30 to 19:

180 Figure3-4: Determined routes for driving characteristics measurement Figure 3-5: Framework of methodology

181 3 Overview of current situation investigation data (ⅰ) Vehicle characteristics from questionnaire Of 2,066 responses, vehicle was a car in 167 cases and a motorcycle in 1,707 cases, so motorcycles accounted for more than 90% of vehicles. Further, the age of the car or motorcycle are shown in Figure 3.6. For both cars and motorcycles, the average vehicle age was 5 years or less, but there were also vehicles which had been used for 15 years or more. The average vehicle age was 4.84 years for cars and 4.15 years for motorcycles. These values are input to the IVE model and used for calculating the per-unit CO2 emission values N = 1707 Ave = N = 167 Ave = 4.84 Percentage (%) Percentage (%) >15 Age (year) (Cars) >15 Age (year) (Motorcycles) Fig. 3-6 Distribution graph for car and motorcycle use year Ho Chi Minh City (ⅱ) Traveling characteristics from GPS loggers The traveling speeds during typical travel times obtained from GPS loggers are shown in Figure 3-7. For cars, highway speeds are much faster than the speeds on arterial and residential roads. On the other hand, for motorcycles, there are not always clear differences in speed. Also, it is assumed that the periods when the speed is zero is when stopped at a signal on general roads but when stopped in traffic jams on highways

182 1 2 Speed (km/h) (Cars) Highway Arterial Residential 6:45:42 6:46:23 6:47:03 6:47:43 6:48:23 6:49:03 6:49:44 6:50:24 Time 6:51:04 6:51:45 6:52:25 6:53:05 6:53:45 6:54:26 Speed (km/h) (Motorcycles) Highway Arterial Residential 6:41:56 6:42:36 6:43:17 6:43:59 6:44:40 6:45:24 6:46:10 6:46:53 Time 6:47:39 6:48:19 6:49:00 6:49:41 6:50:21 6:51:01 Figure 3-7: Traveling speed characteristics by vehicle type for specific time periods obtained from GPS loggers (ⅲ) Traffic volume by vehicle type from video observation The observation results from the highway, arterial road, and residential road monitored using video tapes are shown below. Each type of data is listed in 30-minute increments. (Highway) Table 3-5: Traffic volume observation results from video observation Street Volume Time types (veh/h) MC Car Taxi Bus Truck 6~7 13, % 8.78% 1.17% 1.91% 0.03% 7~8 16, % 7.59% 1.40% 0.98% 0.10% 8~9 13, % 10.16% 1.75% 1.21% 3.01% 9~10 10, % 8.32% 2.25% 1.34% 4.30% 10~11 8, % 9.09% 2.38% 1.60% 4.89% 11~12 9, % 8.88% 2.00% 1.91% 4.49% Highway 12~13 7, % 8.50% 2.78% 1.63% 3.52% 13~14 8, % 7.82% 2.30% 1.47% 4.35% 14~15 9, % 7.79% 2.61% 1.61% 3.83% 15~16 9, % 10.31% 2.43% 1.89% 1.97% 16~17 12, % 7.73% 1.95% 2.77% 0.03% 17~18 17, % 6.28% 1.11% 1.88% 0.14% 18~19 11, % 7.77% 2.58% 2.11% 0.13% Average 11, % 8.39% 2.05% 1.71% 2.37%

183 (General roads: Arterial roads) Street Volume Time types (veh/h) MC Car Taxi Bus Truck 6~7 6, % 2.95% 1.05% 1.83% 0.07% 7~8 6, % 2.76% 0.96% 1.41% 0.06% 8~9 4, % 4.47% 2.19% 1.26% 0.67% 9~10 6, % 2.35% 1.73% 1.55% 1.61% 10~11 5, % 2.16% 1.35% 1.22% 2.30% 11~12 6, % 2.06% 2.00% 1.45% 1.45% Arterial 12~13 6, % 2.07% 1.66% 0.89% 1.78% 13~14 5, % 5.00% 1.80% 1.02% 1.95% 14~15 6, % 3.08% 2.29% 1.25% 1.64% 15~16 7, % 2.53% 2.09% 1.27% 0.61% 16~17 8, % 1.38% 1.25% 0.71% 0.04% 17~18 10, % 1.75% 0.90% 0.51% 0.00% 18~19 8, % 2.01% 1.69% 0.61% 0.00% Average 6, % 2.66% 1.61% 1.15% 0.94% (General roads: Residential roads) l Street Volume Time types (veh/h) MC Car Taxi Bus Truck 6~7 5, % 3.31% 0.65% 1.08% 0.00% 7~8 6, % 2.14% 0.65% 0.71% 0.00% 8~9 4, % 2.87% 1.01% 0.93% 1.61% 9~10 3, % 1.53% 1.42% 0.99% 0.99% 10~11 3, % 3.04% 1.19% 1.19% 1.06% Residentia 11~12 4, % 1.46% 0.78% 0.78% 0.49% 12~13 3, % 1.90% 0.95% 0.95% 1.54% 13~14 3, % 2.65% 2.25% 0.53% 1.32% 14~15 3, % 2.65% 1.19% 0.53% 1.46% 15~16 3, % 2.54% 2.18% 0.85% 0.73% 16~17 4, % 2.79% 2.99% 1.00% 0.00% 17~18 5, % 1.36% 1.52% 0.32% 0.00% 18~19 3, % 2.30% 1.61% 0.58% 0.00% Average 4, % 2.35% 1.41% 0.80% 0.71%

184 5 Estimation of per-unit CO2 emission amounts (ⅰ) Emission amounts by road type/vehicle type The CO2 emission amounts estimated from the IVE model utilizing the above analysis data are shown in the figure below. In the IVE model, the CO2 emission amounts at startup and during travel can be estimated for each vehicle type. Therefore, the figure below shows the emission amounts at startup and during travel for each vehicle type. CO 2 EFs starts (g/starts) Figure エラー! 指定したスタイルは使われていません -1: Adjusted CO2 emission factors for car fleet 60 AXIS TITLE Figure エラー! 指定したスタイルは使われていません -2: Adjusted CO2 emission factors for motorcycle 0 fleet EFs starts (g/starts) AXIS TITLE (Cars) (Motorcycles) CO2 排出原単位の算定 Starts Ave:37.20 (g/start) TECHNOLOGY INDEX Technology index Running Ave: (g/km) Starts Running Ave: 9.94 (g/start) Ave: (g/km) TECHNOLOGY INDEX Technology index CO 2 EFs RUNNING running EFS (g/km) EFs running (g/km) RUNNING EFS Figure 3-8: CO2 emission amounts by vehicle type (at startup and when traveling) (ⅱ) Per-unit estimation Figure 3-9 shows the number of passengers per car or motorcycle. For cars, there were 1 or 2 passengers in about 60% of cases, and the average was 2.34 passengers per car. On the other hand, for motorcycles, there was a single passenger in 80% of cases, and the average number of passengers was When these average values for number of passengers were used to calculate per-unit emissions, the results were as shown in Table

185 Percentage (%) N = 167 Ave = 2.34 (passenger/car) Percentage (%) N = 1707 Ave =1.24 (passenger/mc) Number of passenger Number of passenger (a) Cars (b) Motorcycles Figure 3-9: Average number of passengers per vehicle for cars and motorcycles Table 3-6: Per-unit CO2 emissions per person for cars and motorcycles Adjusted CO2 EFs Adjusted CO2 EFs Mode types Running (g/km) Start (g/start) Average number of passenger Running (g/person/km) Start (g/person/sta rt) Car Motorcycle (ⅲ) Estimation results for per-unit emissions In this study, when the IVE model advanced system for estimating emission amounts due to traffic was utilized to estimate the per-unit CO2 emission amounts in Ho Chi Minh for cars and motorcycles based on the investigation of actual traffic conditions in Ho Chi Minh, the emissions were estimated to be 132g-person/km for cars and 60.13g-person/km for motorcycles. These results are exceedingly close to the values shown in Table 3-2 (previous study results) of ton-person/km (140g-person/km) for cars and ton-person/km (69g-person/km) for motorcycles. From the above points, it was judged that the results shown in Table 3-2 can be considered to be reliable values, and that there is no problem with using the per-unit emission amounts in Table 3-2 for this project

186 (4) Estimation of project emission amounts In the actual project, it will be possible to accurately obtain GHG emission amounts and reduction amounts based on the methods described in 2-2 "Estimation of reference emission amounts and project emission amounts" above, but at this stage GHG reduction effect will be predicted using the prediction simulation method below. Step 1 Determining citizen usage intentions using questionnaire surveys A questionnaire survey (1,000 samples) of the intentions of Ho Chi Minh citizens to use P & BR and Transportation Eco Points was conducted, and using these results a transportation mode selection prediction model was constructed using the multinomial logit model. (For details of the questionnaire survey, refer to Reference Materials below.) Step 2 Prediction of CO2 reduction effect using person-trip surveys Using 2002 Ho Chi Minh person trip (PT) data and the above transportation mode model, a) Commuting transportation amount for each current transportation mode, and b) Commuting transportation amount for each transportation mode when P&BR and Transportation Eco Points are in operation were predicted respectively. The amount of mode shift to P & BR can be predicted from the difference between these two values. Furthermore, GHG emission amounts are predicted using the per-unit CO2 emission amounts estimated in 3-6. On the other hand, since it can be expected that the number of people utilizing P & BR will vary according to the price of the prepaid shopping tickets and the return ratio for Transportation Eco Points, the project model with the highest effectiveness was investigated. As a result, the case in which the price of the prepaid shopping tickets was 300,000 VND and the Transportation Eco Point return ratio was 10,000 VND for each 20 bus rides indicated the highest shift ratio. However, these prediction results are based on 2002 PT data, and taking into consideration that the suburban population has increased in recent years by 2.7 times, these prediction results were modified as shown in Table

187 Table 4-1: Conditions for each scenario Scenario Price of prepaid shopping ticket Points awarded for number of times riding bus Scenario 1 100,000 VND 10,000VND/20 times Scenario 2 200,000 VND 10,000VND/20 times Scenario 3 300,000 VND 10,000VND/20 times Scenario 4 100,000 VND 20,000VND/30 times Scenario 5 200,000 VND 20,000VND/30 times Scenario 6 300,000 VND 20,000VND/30 times Scenario 7 100,000 VND 30,000VND/40 times Scenario 8 200,000 VND 30,000VND/40 times Scenario 9 300,000 VND 30,000VND/40 times CO2 削減量 (tco2/ 年 ) シナリオ 1 シナリオ 2 シナリオ 3 シナリオ 4 シナリオ 5 シナリオ 6 シナリオ 7 シナリオ 8 シナリオ 削減率 (%) CO2 削減量 (tco2/ 年 ) シナリオ 1 シナリオ 2 シナリオ 3 シナリオ 4 シナリオ 5 シナリオ 6 シナリオ 7 シナリオ 8 シナリオ 削減率 (%) Figure 4-1: CO2 reduction amount/shift ratio results Figure 4-2: CO2 reduction amount/shift ratio results Table4-3 GHG emission amounts and reduction effect (Scenario3) Reference emission amounts GHG reduction amount t- CO2/yr t- CO2/yr t- CO2/yr. 4,960.73t- CO2/yr. Minimum Maximum Average Project emission amounts 4,702.77t- CO2/yr. 4,049.10t- CO2/yr. 4,375.94t- CO2/yr. Reduction ratio 5.2%/yr %/yr %/yr. Note: Minimum: Proportion of persons answering "Will definitely use" Maximum: Proportion of persons answering "Will use"

188 Reference materials: Overview of the questionnaire survey conducted in Ho Chi Minh and the logit model that was used 1. Overview of questionnaire survey The questionnaire survey was conducted using approximately 1,000 Ho Chi Minh citizens as subjects. In addition, in order to ensure the reliability and validity of the questionnaire used this time, we received technical guidance regarding its design from Professor Takayuki Morikawa of Nagoya University. Since it was necessary to distribute the survey in a way that matched the hierarchy of the citizen population in order to ensure the validity of the questionnaire survey, the survey was conducted with a combination of web survey and individual visitation surveys. (Reason: Since it was not possible to secure sufficient web monitors aged 40 and over if the survey was only via the web, it was decided to compensate for this lack through conducting individual visits.) Table 1: Overview of questionnaire implementation Item Details Questionnaire subjects Ho Chi Minh citizens Number of subjects 1,000 people Subject distribution Equivalent to the hierarchy of the city population (Table 4-13) Implementation method Web questionnaire + individual visitation surveys Survey content Refer to Table Implementation period December 2013 Table 2: Age and gender composition of questionnaire subjects Age group Male Female Classification Personal attributes information Daily commutation behavior Table 3: Questionnaire question items Question items Gender, age, employment, area of residence, annual income, family composition, whether or not subject has driver's license Starting region/destination region, commutation transportation mode, commutation time/fares required (by access/trunk line), bearer of commutation expenses, transportation mode on rainy days, number of co-passengers and starting region/destination of co

189 passengers Evaluation of buses Possibility of bus utilization and bus utilization experience, bus fare payment method, evaluation of buses, desired improvements Usage intention Conducted with illustrations explaining the details of each project relative to policies 1 Transportation Eco Points (Various return rate cases were shown and usage intention responses collected.) 2P & BR (Various prepaid shopping ticket prices were shown and the usage intention response for each case was collected.) 3Combination of Transportation Eco Points an P & BR (Various cases were shown and usage intention was checked.) 4For each of the above cases, the bus usage frequency was asked. Environmental awareness Recognition of the importance of each of the following points: Global warming problem, traffic jam problem, improvement of public transportation, destruction of forests, automobile exhaust problem, cooperation intention for contributions to the environment The intentions to shift transportation behaviors for each of the policies of the proposed project from the questionnaire survey are shown below. Transportation Eco Point system Here, analysis of the sensitivity of the respondent's usage shift intention to the Transportation Eco Point return rate (in other words, whether or not increasing the return rate could be expected to increase the intention to shift to buses) was performed. However, since if multiple cases are shown to the same survey subject, there is a risk that they will think about their response by comparing cases, for this questionnaire survey, the method of showing each respondent only one case was used. In other words, a respondent who was shown "If you ride the bus 20 times you'll get 10,000 VND" would only respond to that case regarding returns, and likewise a respondent who was shown "If you ride the bus 20 times you'll get 10,000 VND" would only respond to that question regarding returns. The results show a tendency for the proportion who would shift to buses to increase as the return ratio was increased. In addition, the results show that the effect of a discount on bus fares was higher than that of a shopping ticket discount. Effect of P & BR P & BR sensitivity analysis was performed in the same way. Here, the usage intention for when P & BR alone is performed (upper graph) and the usage intention when P & BR is used under the same conditions with Transportation Eco Points added are shown

190 The results showed the following interesting trends: For P & BR, if the access terminal is somewhat far away, the effect decreases. If P & BR is performed not alone but in combination with a prepaid-type shopping ticket that can be used at a shopping center, there is a major increase in usage intention. In addition, it was shown in these results that there is a possibility that 60% or more of the people would shift to bus usage under this P & BR system Effect of combination of P & BR and Transportation Eco Points Sensitivity analysis of the effects of combining P & BR and Transportation Eco Points was performed in the same way. These results show that as in the above analysis for Transportation Eco Points, higher return rates increased the possibility of shifting to P & BR. However, in order to precisely see the relationship between parking lot access conditions, shopping ticket price, and the point system, model analysis must be performed, and the results are analyzed in detail in the following section. 2. Overview of transportation mode selection model A transportation mode selection model was constructed using commutation as the subject in order to grasp the selection of movement modes within Ho Chi Minh after the introduction of Park and Bus Ride. The typical modes of transportation were taken as 5 types: Walking, bicycle, motorcycle, car, and bus, and a multinomial logit model (MNL model) was employed. The MNL model utility function is shown in Equation (1.1) below. where, = + Uin shows the utility to individual n when selection i x is selected, kin is the k-th explanatory variable for selection i for individual n, explanatory variable, individual n, and = Vin is the undefined parameter for each is the deterministic term for the utility when selection i is selected by in is the probabilistic term for the utility when selection i is selected by individual n. The probabilistic term is independent, and if it is assumed that it follows the Gumbel distribution with the same variance, the probability that individual n will select selection i can be shown by Equation (1.2) below. (Equation 1.1) ( ) = exp ( ) J exp j 1 ( ) = 1 (Equation 1.2) where P n(i) is the probability that individual n will select selection i, j is the selection number, J is the selection set number, and V in is the deterministic term for the utility when individual n selects

191 selection i. The utility probabilistic term from this Equation (1.2) is inserted into Equation (1.1), and parameters are estimated for the related explanatory variables. The parameter estimation results from the multinomial logit model using the transportation mode selection results from questionnaire respondents is shown in Table 4. When the constant term for motorcycles, which had the highest share, is set to 0 and the constant terms for the other modes are set to any setting, the values' are all shown as negative, and it can thus be seen that to change from motorcycles to other modes. Age 40 or higher dummy was set for motorcycles, but since it became negative, it can be said that older generations tend to use motorcycles relatively little. Although a high household income dummy was set for cars, since it was positive it can be said that high income households tend to use cars. Table 4: Parameter estimation results Dependent explanatory Transportation mode variable Explanatory variable Estimated t value value Walking constant term *** Bicycle constant term *** Car constant term *** Bus constant term *** Time (h) -5.1 *** Walking time (h) *** Cost (/1000VND) *** Male dummy (Motorcycle) Age below 20 dummy (Walking) Age 40 or higher dummy *** (Motorcycle) Low household income dummy (Walking) High household income (car) 1.53 *** 5.95 Initial likelihood -49,300 Final likelihood -5,280 Fixed determination 0.89 coefficient Number of samples 30,632 **:5% significance; ***:1% significance

192 (5) Study regarding the creation of JCM (Project plan) 1 Monitoring plan Actual monitoring will be organized as shown in the table below. In this project, since it is important to obtain evidence of P&BR usage, it is necessary to reliably obtain the various kinds of transportation activity data at the time of submitting the P&BR usage application form and during P&BR operation. On the other hand, for the work of calculating CO2 emission amounts (total CO2 integrated from the data collected for each individual P&BR user), it is desirable to keep in mind the future expansion of this project (expansion to other stores or city regions, and further application both inside and outside the country). For this purpose, it is extremely important to give consideration reducing the workload of the commercial facilities operator for this MRV. Taking the above into consideration, in this FS, it was judged as desirable to move the data operations into the cloud as shown in Figure 5 so that the various types of information managed by the commercial facilities operator or the bus operator (DOT) can be collected automatically, and moreover, the GHG reduction amounts can also be calculated automatically. Table 5-1: Monitoring plan Monitoring item Residence address; Destination address Reference transportation method Carpooling information Record of passing through parking lot gate Bus usage frequency; Distance between getting on and off Bus travel route and bus type Bus per-unit CO2 emissions Monitoring method P&BR use form P&BR use form P&BR use application application application form Parking lot management system IC card payment system Field study Vehicle maintenance check Implementation timing At time of application by person desiring to use system When commuting by P&BR (Entering/leaving parking lot) When commuting by P&BR (When riding bus) At time of DOT inspection Frequency Once per year Once per year Once per year Each time Each time After each change Once per year Agency Store operators Store operators Store operators Store operators DOT DOT DOT

193 Figure 5-1: Monitor system concept 2 Environmental impact evaluation This project is a soft measure in the transportation field, and there is no special infrastructure construction required. In addition, since the content of the project is also an economical inducement method with the aim of inducing people to switch from individual transportation modes to public transportation modes, no phenomenon will occur that would generate loads in terms of the transportation aspect or environmental aspect. Taking the above into consideration, it is judged that there is no particular need for environmental impact evaluation for this project. 3 Comments from stakeholders The local stakeholders who are consultation targets for this project are shown in the table below. Organization of the opinions of these related persons will be performed within the MRV organization which is described later. The results of discussions held this year with related parties for this study are shown in Table 6. The Ho Chi Minh DOT, which is a particularly important stakeholder, indicated their willingness to cooperate in this project, and also indicated their willingness to operate new bus routes from Aeon Store #1, which are necessary for P&BR. In addition, the Aeon Group who will be the principal party of this project are planning to start preparatory investigations for realizing this project, taking into consideration the operating conditions of the store after its opening in January

194 Table 5-2: Comments from stakeholders Stakeholder Comment Countermeasure Ho Chi Minh DOT We recognize that shifting demand from motorcycles to buses is an important transportation policy. Since the DOT considered introducing new bus routes at the time of the opening of the Aeon store, we definitely want to realize the project. If a place for getting on and off buses can be secured within the Aeon site, the DOT side will investigate operating plans such as bus lines, frequency, etc. There is already a space for getting on and off the bus constructed at Aeon Store #1. Further concrete coordination such as whether there is sufficient capacity for the bus route operation plans provided by the DOT will enable this to become a reality. The economic inducements when combined with the Transportation Eco Points are intended to encourage Since we don't know whether or not bus demand will actually increase due to P&BR alone, we would like you to also consider measures to stimulate demand. demand. In addition, according to the demand forecast prepared as part of this study, it was indicated that a demand increase of around 18% is possible. Japanese CNG buses are expensive, which makes their introduction difficult. Within the DOT, the development of a park-and-ride system corresponding with the opening of MRT Line 1 in areas along the line is being considered. The proposed project is consistent with this flow. No specific countermeasures For this project, what is important is not the card type, but the information content. Looking toward validation testing, we would like to proceed with discussions from a system perspective. No specific countermeasures Introduction of IC cards is planned. It is thought that the specifications can be provided at as early a stage as possible. It is anticipated that the card will probably be a Type-A mifare card. In addition, we would like to use a highly versatile card reader that can read any card type. A study of pre-measures prior to the introduction of IC cards is necessary. (JCM scheme for when there is no IC card.)

195 Local corporation of Aeon Group We would definitely like to proceed toward realizing this project. However, since we still do not know how many customers will be coming to Store #1 after its opening and whether or not it will be possible to secure sufficient spaces for P&BR, the top priority is verifying the situation after the store opens. Plans for a demonstration project next year will be studied taking into consideration the situation after the store opens

196 (6) Study toward project realization 1 Project plan As also shown in the results of discussions with stakeholders in Table 5-2, the result for this year was confirmation of the implementation intentions of Ho Chi Minh DOT and Aeon as the business entity implementing the project, raising the feasibility of the project. However, regarding the introduction of IC cards for buses, the fact that no concrete technical specifications have been presented and further, the fact that the timing of IC card introduction is expected to be around 2019 are causes for concern. Therefore, this project will aim for realization in the two stages shown below. There is a risk that introduction of IC cards will be around 2019 (DOT response). Therefore, in the meantime the P & BR project will be realized in advance. Since introduction of IC cards will not be done until then, low-fuel-consumption buses will be introduced on said P & BR lines, and MRV related to that reduction amount will be implemented. 第 Ⅰ 期 Phase I P&BRの実現 ( イオンモール タンフセラドン店等 ) Estimation of reduction + effects from switching buses 当該バス路線に低燃費バス車両を導入 to low-fuel-consumption types ( バス車両の低燃費化による削減効果を算定 ) Introduction of IC ICcards カードの導入 Phase II 第 Ⅱ 期 Addition of reduction effects from shift of demand from ICカードを活用した motorcycles and MRV cars. の導入 low-fuelconsumption ( バイク + 車からの需要転換削減効果も加算 types ) Figure 6-1: Idea for project stages (1)Development of a system for estimating GHG reduction amounts Table 6-1: Financial plan System name Function Project cost Links with the DOT IC card payment information to determine bus 20 million usage information and perform CO2 reduction amount yen estimations. (Fully subsidized) (2)Development of Transportation Eco Point management system (3)System renovation for connection with HCMC bus payment system (4)Purchase cost of IC cards for testing Total Development costs for server to manage Transportation Eco Points and award them based on the GHG reduction amounts from above, etc. (1/2 subsidized) To protect the security of the DOT IC card payment management system and above GHG reduction amount estimation system (1/2 subsidized) Purchase cost of IC card recommended by Japan (FeLica). Assumed quantity is around 30, 000 cards (1/2 subsidized) 20 million yen 30 million yen 30 million yen 100 million yen

197 2 MRV System With Aeon Store #1 as a pilot project, the aim is to expand this project scheme to other stores and finally throughout the entire region. Therefore, although for the time being the principal parties of the project will be the Aeon Group, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, and Nikken Sekkei Research Institute as the principal parties who proposed this study, in the future a consortium will be formed and a system established for promoting the participation of the numerous Japanese companies who are advancing into Ho Chi Minh and the surrounding areas. For this purpose, it is planned to establish an MRV system similar to that shown in Figure 6. Figure 6-2: MRV system 3 Obtaining project approval Since providing the history information stored on the IC card is required, it is necessary to obtain the approval of the DOT for the acquisition and utilization of such information. Other than this, no additional approvals are required

198 4 Japanese contributions (ⅰ) Concrete examples of Japanese technology and products (a) Park-and-bus-ride system utilizing the parking lot of a large-scale commercial facility Although there are numerous park-and-ride systems in Europe and the United States, the system of this project in which the parking lot of a commercial facility is utilized and parking can be used free of charge only for those citizens who have purchased prepaid shopping tickets is a uniquely Japanese system, and is a win-win-win system in which the merits can be enjoyed by the 3 parties of the commercial facility operator, citizens, and government. In addition, it can provide opportunities for the citizens of Ho Chi Minh to widely purchase Japanese products, so that for Japanese companies it is expected to not only enable them to contribute to the environment but to also create broad connections for cultivating the market. (b) Transportation Eco Point system The Transportation Eco Point system is also a uniquely Japanese system, and there are several government-led examples even in Japan. Aeon in particular has established their Green Score System as a private initiative. The expansion of this project will also be according to the above Japan Method, so that not only does the project reduce GHG due to transportation, but it also becomes a PR mechanism for Japanese companies. (ⅱ) Superiority compared to other Japanese technology and products Even in Japan, the examples centered on Aeon Group have taken the lead, and an original solution for this consortium is being considered. (ⅲ) Concrete examples of similar technology and products in other industrialized countries (as references or rivals) As previously stated, this proposal uses the Japan Method, and there are no examples of overseas expansion. 5 Ensuring environmental integrity Effects of this project other than GHG reduction also include reductions in the various societal costs caused by traffic, such as air pollution, noise, traffic accidents, etc. since motorcycle and car traffic would be reduced. On the other hand, since bus traffic would be increased, it is necessary to increase the environmental performance (reduce exhaust gases such as GHG, SPM, etc.) of buses themselves in order to create an environment for obtaining the maximum effects of this project. In addition, according to past research by Professor Morikawa, the introduction of a Traffic Eco Point system not only fosters ecological awareness related to the transportation sector but also has been pointed out as leading to increasing citizen awareness regarding the overall environmental sector. This proposed project will contribute to increasing the environmental awareness of citizens of the host country, and is expected to derivatively spread GHG reduction effects, etc

199 6 Contributions to sustainable development in host country When the lessons from the past 40 years of transportation policies in Japan are taken into consideration, the detrimental effects that accompany the progress of motorization cannot be handled through only the development of road infrastructure or public transportation infrastructure alone. It is well-known that the development of road infrastructure further induces the demand for car transportation, and even if the public transportation network is further developed, citizens still prefer the higher mobility of cars, resulting in business pressures on public transportation and the abandonment of some routes. According to this professor, in order to avoid repeating these lessons in the host country, it is necessary to introduce the advanced knowledge and efforts of Japan's transportation policies as early as possible. This proposed project is not overly dependent on hard development but is a transportation demand management measure (soft measure), and since it involves activities to change citizen awareness and is a win-win method that utilizes private businesses, sustainability can be expected. The introduction of Japan's advanced knowledge and efforts in this way can also be considered as enabling Japan to support the sustainable development of the host country. 7 Future plans and issues The schedule for realizing this project is as in Table 10 shown previously. For the realization of this project, Ho Chi Minh DOT and Aeon Group have already indicated their willingness to cooperate and it is thought that there are no particular future obstacles. However, how much parking capacity can be provided by the Aeon store for P&BR is an important issue, and it is planned to meticulously analyze the conditions of store visitors from the aspects of variations by day of the week, time of day, etc. in the future. On the other hand, since the possibility of implementing this project at Aeon Store #2 (which is scheduled to open within 2014) as well is also being considered, the environment for realization will be broadly set and discovery and investigation of numerous stores as potential subjects will be performed. On the other hand, since as stated before there is a risk that the timing of introduction of IC cards will be around 2019, it is conceivable that in the meantime the P & BR project will be realized in advance alone, and preparations for when IC cards are introduced will be made. Therefore, from next year and onwards, high-fuel-efficiency low-carbon buses will be introduced in advance in Ho Chi Minh, with the aim of achieving CO2 reductions at an early stage due to P & BR at first. In order to do this, Japan bus manufacturers, etc. will be included in the project consortium, and the possibility of realizing JCM in advance will be studied

200 (7) Park and Bus Ride field trial utilizing Aeon Mall In this project, in order to determine citizen acceptance of the Park and Bus Ride concept, Park and Bus Ride field trial was conducted utilizing Aeon Mall #1 (Tan Phu Celadon Mall). The results of citizen evaluation of this project obtained from this field trial are described below. 1 Overview of field trial Commuting buses with Aeon Mall #1 (Tan Phu Celadon Mall) as the starting point and Ben Thanh market as the final destination were operated with the collaboration and support of Aeon Mall Vietnam and DOT. (Refer to Table 7-1 for the detailed plan.) For the bus fare, although normally 50,000 VND (the same fare as actual buses) should have been collected, for the field trial the fare was deliberately set as free for the following reason. The reason was that since there is still no Park and Bus Ride system in Ho Chi Minh, it was thought that first it was necessary to get citizens to experience the bus ride and confirm its effectiveness and acceptability. Therefore, in order to eliminate obstacles to field trial participants, the fare was set as free. However, questionnaire surveys of monitors on the days they rode the bus were conducted on the bus, and in that survey the question of whether they would use the bus if the fare was 50,000 VDN was included in order to check their usage intentions. Refer to the Appendix for the questionnaire survey. In this field trial, the participation of 416 people was obtained. (An average of 22 people/day and approximately 11 people per bus) Table 7-1: Overview of bus operation plan Aeon Ben Thanh Market P & BR bus operation field trial plan Operation period January 28 to February 15, 2015 (19 days) Operation times Aeon Ben Thanh Market: 2 buses; 6:30 departure and 7:30 departure Ben Thanh Market Aeon: 2 buses: 17:00 departure and 18:00 departure Monitor Monitors were recruited in stores in Aeon Mall #1 recruitment Bus fare Free

201 Bus used in P & BR Monitor recruitment scene in Aeon Boarding/disembarkation scene in Aeon Mall Scene of riders on bus Scene of survey of monitor Figure 7-1: Scenes from field trials

202 2 Questionnaire survey results Based on the questionnaire results, the following opinions regarding this project (P & BR) were confirmed: Virtually all of the monitors considered the P & BR to be a convenient mode of transportation (Question7.1) Regarding the good points of P & BR, many monitors cited the benefits of not having to drive oneself, the ability to read a book, etc. while commuting, comfortable commuting on rainy days, and relief from exhaust gases while commuting. In particular, the benefits regarding rainy days and exhaust gases were cited by more than half of the monitors (Question7.2) Regarding the bad points of P & BR, many monitors cited the slowness due to buses getting caught in traffic jams. However, even for such opinions, the percentage choosing "Agree strongly" was low, and since on the other hand there were many responses of "Agree strongly" regarding the good points above, the results can be interpreted as showing that the good points outweigh the bad points. (Question7.3) Regarding usage intentions if the fare of 50,000 VND was charged, 90% of the monitors responded that they would use it, so usage can be secured even if the fare is charged. (Question8) Even regarding use frequency if 50,000 VND was charged, 20% answered every day, 20% answered 3 or 4 times per week, and 32% answered more than once a week, so regular usage can be expected. (Question8) From the above, it was shown that even regarding the result of the field trial monitor surveys, citizen usage of P & BR can be expected. For the questionnaire survey in Section 4, a high P & BR usage intention was shown, and since the opinions in this survey are from people who actually tried using P & BR, the credibility of this survey can be expected to be higher than that of the previous questionnaire. Furthermore, since 416 people used the system during the 19 days of the field trial, it can be expected that the system will be able to gain users during actual operation

203 Table7-2: Compiled results of questionnaire survey Question Answer 1 Answer 2 Answer 3 Answer 4 Answer 5 Answer 6 Answer 7 Question 1: Why did you decide to participate in this experiment? 58% 10% 8% 18% 4% 6% Question 2: Why did you travel by bus today? 16% 8% 66% 6% 2% Question 3: How did you get to Aeon today? 6% 2% 84% 2% 4% 0% 0% Question 4: Please tell us about what you normally do when you go to the destination for today's traveling purpose Question 4.1: What type of transportation do you normally use? 6% 0% 86% 2% 4% 0% 0% Question 4.2: Roughly how much time does it normally take? Question 4.3: What type of transportation do you use on rainy days? 2% 2% 84% 6% 0% 0% 0% Question 4.4: Why do you normally not use the bus? 2% 4% 0% 4% 2% 2% 2% Question 5: Do you normally go to Aeon? 6% 10% 30% 12% 14% 18% 32% Question 6: Did you know about any existing Park and Ride system in HCMC like the one you used this time? 40% 60% Question 7: Please tell us about your impression of using the Park & Ride system today. Question 7.1: Do you think Park & Ride is convenient? 40% 58% 0% 0% 0% Question 7.2: Please tell us your impression of possible good points of the Park & Ride. Question 7.2.1: Since I wouldn't have to drive, it's carefree. 54% 32% 14% 0% 0% Question 7.2.2: I can read a book, take a nap, or do something else while riding on the bus. 40% 36% 18% 0% 6% Question 7.2.3: On rainy days, I can go without getting wet. 64% 14% 8% 12% 2% Question 7.2.4: I wouldn't need to worry about exhaustive gases and dusts 82% 14% 4% 0% 0% Question 7.2.5: I can go shopping at Aeon on my way home. 34% 32% 30% 2% 2% Question 7.2.6: I wouldn't have to worry about traffic accidents. 22% 60% 10% 4% 4% Question 7.2.7: I could send off someone in my family in the morning and/or pick him/her up in the afternoon. 32% 32% 36% 0% 0% Question 7.2.8: Other Question 7.3: Please tell us your impression of possible bad points of the Park & Ride Question 7.3.1: It's slow because buses get caught in traffic jams 30% 26% 30% 10% 4%

204 Question 7.3.2: Transferring in the Aeon parking lot is inconvenient 2% 24% 38% 14% 22% Question 7.3.3: The environment in the bus is poor. 2% 24% 38% 14% 22% Question 7.3.4: The scheduled operating times are not good. 6% 32% 30% 10% 22% Question 7.3.5: It takes so long time to get to AEON in order to use the system. 4% 24% 24% 24% 24% Question 7.3.6: It takes so long time to go from the final bus stop to the final destination. 10% 28% 30% 16% 16% Question 7.3.7: In term of door-to-door travel time, using the system takes more time than driving a car/motorcycle. 12% 38% 26% 8% 16% Question 7.3.8: Others Question 8: Please tell us about your future intentions of use. Question 8.1: Would you use it if the fare was the same as a normal bus fare (5,000VND)? 50% 32% 18% 0% 0% Question 8.2: For people who responded 1 or 2 above, how often do you think you would use it? 20% 20% 32% 2% 10% 0% Question 8.3: If the following conditions are added to the bus fare (5,000VND): 16% 36% 38% 6% 4% Question 9: Please let us ask some general questions about your way of thinking Question 9.1: What do you think about global warming? 42% 48% 10% Question 9.2: What do you think about traffic jam problems on roads? 46% 46% 8% Question 9.3: Do you think environmental and energy problems due to increased use of cars/ motorcycles are serious? 40% 46% 14% Question 9.4: Do you think people should use cars and motorcycles less to alleviate environmental and energy problems? 48% 44% 4% 4% Question 9.5: Are you limiting your use of your car or motorcycle and using the bus? 34% 44% 22%

205 Appendix: Questionnaire sheet for field trial monitors Questionnaire survey to P&BR users Question 1: Why did you decide to participate in this experiment? (Multiple answers are acceptable.) 1 Bus is free. 2 I thought I might want to commute by bus. 3 To go to Aeon on way home. 4 I'm interested in Park & Bus Ride system 5 No particular reason 6 Other ( ) Question 2: Why did you travel by bus today? 1 Commuting to work 2 Work purpose other than commuting 3 Recreation/shopping 4 No particular purpose 5 Other ( ) Question 3: How did you get to Aeon today? 1 Motorcycle 2 Car 3 Bus 4 Bicycle 5 Passenger on family member's/friend's motorcycle 6 Passenger in family member's/friend's car 7 Other( ) Question 3: Please tell us about what you normally do when you come to today's destination for today's traveling purpose. (1) What type of transportation do you normally use? 1Motorcycle 2Car 3Bus 4Bicycle 5Passenger on family member's/friend's motorcycle 6Passenger in family member's/friend's car 7 Other( ) (2) Roughly how much time does it normally take? It takes about( )minutes. (3) What type of transportation do you use on rainy days? 1Motorcycle 2Car 3Bus 4Bicycle 5Passenger on family member's/friend's motorcycle 6Passenger in family member's/friend's car 7 Other( ) (4) For people who answered other than "3Bus" for their normal type of transportation in (1) above. Why do you normally not use the bus? (Multiple answers are acceptable.) 1 I use a motorcycle/car for work, so I can't commute by bus. 2 Buses takes a lot of time in traffic jams. 3 Bus fare is high. 4 When waiting for a bus, it takes a long time to arrive. 5 Buses don't have AC so it's hot. 6 It's crowded and uncomfortable in the bus. 7 Bus drivers have bad attitudes. 8 I'm scared because it's not safe on a bus. 9 Riding a bus isn't comfortable. (Specifically: ) 10 Other( ) Question 4: Do you normally come to Aeon? 1 I come almost every day. 2 I come 2 or 3 times per week.3 I come once a week. 4 I come 2 or 3 times per month. 5 I come once or less a month. 6 I almost never come. 7 I've never come here before. Question 5: Did you know about the Park & Ride system you used this time? 1 Yes, I knew about it. 2 No, I didn't know about it. Question 6: Please tell us about your impression of using the Park & Ride system today

206 (1) Do you think Park & Ride is convenient? (5-level scale) Very much Somewhat Neutral Not really Not at all (2) Please tell us your impression of the possible good points of Park & Ride. 1 Since I wouldn't have to drive, it's carefree. (5-level scale) Agree strongly Agree somewhat Neutral Disagree somewhat Disagree strongly 2 I can read a book, take a nap, or do something else. (5-level scale) Agree strongly Agree somewhat Neutral Disagree somewhat Disagree strongly 3 On rainy days, I can go without getting rained on. (5-level scale) Agree strongly Agree somewhat Neutral Disagree somewhat Disagree strongly 4 I wouldn't need to worry about exhaust gases. (5-level scale) Agree strongly Agree somewhat Neutral Disagree somewhat Disagree strongly 5 I can go to Aeon on the way home. (5-level scale) Agree strongly Agree somewhat Neutral Disagree somewhat Disagree strongly 6 I wouldn't have to worry about traffic accidents. (5-level scale) Agree strongly Agree somewhat Neutral Disagree somewhat Disagree strongly 7 Other( ) (3) Please tell us your impression of the possible bad points of Park & Ride. (Multiple answers are acceptable.) 1 It's slow because buses get caught in traffic jams. (5-level scale) Agree strongly Agree somewhat Neutral Disagree somewhat Disagree strongly 2 Transferring in the Aeon parking lot is inconvenient. (5-level scale) Agree strongly Agree somewhat Neutral Disagree somewhat Disagree strongly 3 The environment in the bus is poor. (5-level scale) Agree strongly Agree somewhat Neutral Disagree somewhat Disagree strongly 4 The scheduled operating times are not good. (5-level scale) Agree strongly Agree somewhat Neutral Disagree somewhat Disagree strongly 5 Other( ) Question 7: Please tell us about your future intentions of use. (1) Would you use it if the fare was the same as a normal bus fare (5,000VND)? 1 I would definitely use it. 2 I would probably use it. 3 I'm not sure. 4 I probably wouldn't use it. 5 I definitely wouldn't use it. (2) For people who responded 1 or 2 above, how often do you think you would use it? 1 Almost every day. 2 3 or 4 times per week. 3 1 or 2 times per week. 4 On special days such as rainy days. (Specifically: ) 5 Less frequently. 6 Other( ) (3) If the following conditions are added to the bus fare (5,000VND): In order to use the Aeon parking lot, you would need to purchase 100,000VND in Aeon shopping coupons in advance. However, since you could use the coupons later for shopping at Aeon, there is absolutely no loss to you. Do you think you would use the Park & Ride in the future? 1 I would definitely use it. 2 I would probably use it. 3 I'm not sure. 4 I probably wouldn't use it. 5 I definitely wouldn't use it

207 Question 8: Please let us ask some general questions about your way of thinking. All questions are on a 5-level scale. (1) What do you think about global warming? 1 Very concerned 2 Concerned 3 Neutral 4Not concerned much 5 Not concerned at all (2) What do you think about traffic jam problems on roads? 1 Very concerned 2 Concerned 3 Neutral 4Not concerned much 5 Not concerned at all (3) Do you think environmental and energy problems due to cars and motorcycles are serious? 1 Very serious 2 Somewhat serious 3 Neutral 4Not very serious 5 Not serious at all (4) Do you think people should use cars and motorcycles less to alleviate environmental and energy problems? 1 Strongly agree. 2 Somewhat agree. 3Neutral 4Somewhat disagree 5Strongly disagree (5) Are you limiting your use of your car or motorcycle and using the bus? 1 Trying hard to do so. 2 Trying to do so. 3Neutral 4Not trying much to do so. 5 Not trying to do so at all

208 4. Promotion of the city-to-city cooperation and the public-private cooperation Under the coordination between Ho Chi Minh City and Osaka City, through the support in planning the Climate Change Action Plan of Ho Chi Minh City, as we come to know the necessary elements needed in the realization of a low-carbon Ho Chi Minh City and in sustainable development efforts, we have promoted the framework of a detailed JCM project together with the promotion of information, know-how, technology and system transfer developed, managed and owned by Osaka City. As an objective to develop JCM Project, we encourage information sharing with the business operators from the private sector that are interested in the implementation of the JCM Project in Ho Chi Minh City ([5.1 Orientation Session at Ho Chi Minh on JCM and the Its Operations (July 2014)]. At the [Team Osaka Symposium] ([7.2 Presentations and Attendance of Domestic Meetings Held Before the Launch of Workshops at Targeted Locations]) under this operations, we also facilitated business operators from the public sector and coordinate the support from the public sector in regard to the implementation of this project

209 5. Launching of Symposiums 5.1 Orientation Session at Ho Chi Minh on JCM and the Project (July 2014) This orientation session was launched in July 2014 for Japanese companies that are set up in Vietnam and local Vietnamese companies with the aim to discover new initiatives for JCM operations and to introduce the system (that includes support systems related to fund-raising) and the operations. During the session, there were about 14 participants from the public sector and a debriefing and a dialogue was held in regard to the operations support system by MOE that utilizes JCM (bilateral credit system), the support by Osaka City for the realization of a low-carbon city and the Japanese government framework. [Date and Time] 9 th July (Thursday) :30 p.m. 5:00 p.m. [Venue] JETRO Ho Chi Minh Office Meeting Room [Attendees] Osaka City, Shimizu Corporation, Nikken Sekkei Research Institute, Ogawa Electrical, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Chuo Fukken Consultants, GEC [Participants] 14 [Outline] A dialogue was held among Osaka City, GEC and business operators in Vietnam in regard to issues that involve operations in Ho Chi Minh City along with presentations on case studies on JCM project candidate initiatives by GEC bilateral credit system (JCM), Shimizu Corporation, Nikken Sekkei Research Institute and Ogawa Electrical. Opinions on awareness creation on environmental issues, the necessity of administrative infrastructure and development of laws and regulations and environmental education from a young age were presented. [Agenda] In regard to the introduction of a Parking Lot Guide System that uses a vehicle s GPS to check the availability of empty parking lots, its feasibility was considered. However, the number of parking lots is low and the fee charged is uniform, hence such a guide system is not necessary. The Transport manages the parking lots. In private owned lands, the owner decides on the parking fee but the people here do not manage it from a profit-making perspective. We have head that it was a Japanese enterprise that started the concept of a multi-story parking lot. In regard to the road pricing of motorbikes, we are reviewing the administrative issues. However motorbike users are many and because we would expect retaliation from the people, the measures cannot be implemented. It is considered a taboo to create limitations on

210 motorbikes. Insufficient infrastructure (electricity, water and sewage systems) is crippling the operations greatly. It is necessary to conduct primary treatment by placing a septic tank under buildings as there is insufficient discharge treatment facilities in HCMC. It is necessary for the government to understand the link between infrastructure development and tax collection increase. By implementing measures intensively in a narrow space, it would serve to provide successful cases in HCMC. For example, we can consider carrying out frameworks for rain water discharge and sewage water treatment separately and restricting it to smaller regions. We would like to expand the use of energy-saving technology to more buildings but because subsidies are scarce, it may be difficult to do so. There is a necessity in implementing projects that utilizes HCMC s features. For example, HCMC is humid for 11 months in a year. Hence, it is important to include a highly efficient dehumidifying feature in the air-conditioning facilities. In regard to the environment, it is important to start educating the people from young. Vietnamese are willing to invest in their children s future. For example, in Japan, excursions are organized to teach children about social infrastructure like sewage treatment plants. In Vietnam, there are parents that willingly tell their children to throw garbage onto the roads. In Vietnam, visualization on the value behind the introduction of energy-saving technology is important. For example, when a fluorescent lamp or any lighting equipment is broken, we would repair it on our own. However, there is no awareness in increasing the value of a building by changing a broken light to LED. In Thailand, there are enterprises that make it an effort to purchase recycled products and are highly passionate about environmental education. Hence, if households would start separating their garbage, this would make collection an easier task and consumers will be able to purchase higher quality recycled products. 5.2 JCM Joint Symposium With Osaka s and Ho Chi Minh City (January 2015) (1) Outline In regard to the climate change measures in Ho Chi Minh City, in relation to the promotion of transferring information, know-how, technology and system owned by Osaka city and the private sector, and for the purpose of presenting a brief on the implementation situation of JCM Project and the progress in planning the Climate Change Action Plan, the [Ho Chi Minh City and Osaka City International Symposium for Developing Low Carbon City] was held in Ho Chi Minh City on

211 16th January 2015 (Friday). In this symposium, from the Japan side, Mr. Tanaka (Vice mayor of Osaka City Government), Mr. Takano (Director for Environmental Policy, Environment Bureau of Osaka City) and 30 relevant parties participated. From the Vietnam side, There were about 70 participants including Mr. Ha who is Vice Minister of Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Vietnam, Vice Chairman Cang of Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee, Mr. Kiet who is Director of Ho Chi Minh City Department of Natural Resources and Environment, and related departments and agencies in Ho Chi Minh City ( Industry and Trade, Planninh and Architecture, Transport, Science and Technology etc.) and news media representatives, making the total number of participants to about 100. In the beginning of the symposium, Mr. Cang (Vice Chairman of of Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee), Osaka City s Vice mayor, Mr. Tanaka and Mr. Ha Vice Minister of Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Vietnam presented an opening remarks. An introduction by Mr. Kiet ( Director of Ho Chi Minh City Natural Resources and Environment) on the current ( ) progress in the Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan and the project developments followed. Mr.Chau who is Vice Manager of Ho Chi Minh City's Climate change Bureau presented on the outline of Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan for the next term ( ) and its future plans including the support given by Osaka City this year. After the mentioned presentations, Mr. Takano (Director for Environmental Policy, Environment Bureau of Osaka City) spoke on the measures and policies, plans and projects in detail that aimed to develop a low-carbon Ho Chi Minh City based on the experiences in Osaka City. With these presentations, the progress of specific efforts toward realizing a low-carbon Ho Chi Minh City was shared. Moreover, Ho Chi Minh City also benefited from the administrative perspective with the knowledge and information by Osaka City, by posing questions to the panel especially in regard to pressing issues like countermeasures against water exposure, floods and the construction of an underground railway that is associated with the construction of an underground city. Later, each participating business operator was given the opportunity to present the JCM Model Project, successful case studies, initiatives behind the JCM Project Feasibility Study, and to also provide updates on the framework s consistent developments in the detailed implementation of the projects and the continuous cooperation by both cities in the future in line with the plans for 2015 for Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan (2) Program [Date and Time] 16 th January 2015 (Friday) 8:30 a.m. 3:00 p.m. [Venue] Grand Indochine Ballroom, New World Saigon Hotel, Ho Chi Minh City, Socialist Republic of Vietnam [Attendees] Japan Side: Osaka City, Shimizu Corporation, Nikken Sekkei Research Institute, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Chuo Fukken Consultants, Hitachi Zosen

212 Corporation, K.K. Satisfactory International, Nittsu Research Institute and Consulting, KPMG AZSA LLC., Kobelco Eco-Solutions Vietnam, New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Urban Infrastructure Technology Center Foundation, Panasonic, Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley, Shiny Vietnam Joint Stock Company, GEC, Total of 30 participants Vietnam side: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), Ho Chi Minh City [Program] [Morning Session] 8:30 9:00 9:00 9:15 9:15-9:35 9:35 9:50 People s Committee, Ho Chi Minh City Natural Resources Environment, Ministry of Industry and Trade, Architecture and Construction Planning, Ministry of Transport, Health Service Bureau, Construction Management, Scientific Policies, Total of 70 participants Opening remarks - Mr. Tat Thanh Cang, Vice Chairman of Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee - Mr. Seigo Tanaka, Vice Mayor of Osaka City - Mr. Tran Hong Ha, Vice Minister of MONRE The Implementation of Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan in the period Mr. Dao Anh Kiet, Director of Ho Chi Minh City, Natural Resources and Environment HCMC Climate Change Action Plan towards Forming a Low- Carbon City - Mr. Ha Minh Chau, Vice Manger of Ho Chi Minh City's Climate Change Bureau Osaka City s Support of HCMC Low Carbon City Development - Mr. Shuichi Takano, Director for Environmental Policy of Osaka City 9:50 10:00 Policy Dialogues and Discussions 10:00-10:40 Photo Session and Coffee Break 10:40 11:40 [Afternoon Session] 13:30 14:15 14:15 15:00 Progress of Projects - JCM Model Project Market waste methane digestion and biogas usage (by Hitachi Zosen (Hitz)) - JCM Project Planning Study on Energy-from-waste (by Hitz) - JCM Model Project Eco-drive with digital tachographs (by Nippon Express Research Institute) - JCM Demonstration Projects Energy efficiency improvement at hospital and hotel (by New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO)) Progress of Projects: - JCM FS on Energy efficiency improvement at buildings (by Shimizu Corporation) - JCM FS on Park & Bus ride (by Nikken Sekkei Research Institute) - JCM FS on biogas generation system (by Hitz) Progress Report on the development of HCMC CCAP : Examination of GHG Inventory

213 15:00 - Ms. Le Nguyen Que Huong, Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Bureau Closing address - Mr. Kazuhiro Oishi, Managing Director of Global Environment Centre Foundation (3) Agenda MONRE In Japan the countermeasures against floods are comprehensive. In Ho Chi Minh City, such countermeasures are just as important and hence we would like to learn more from Osaka City in regard to them. In regard to the construction of an underground city, we believe that there would be differences in the nature of the soil between Ho Chi Minh City and Osaka City and would like to be advised upon that. Osaka City The flood patterns that occur in Osaka City mainly involve the overspill of water from the rivers. Countermeasures against river flooding in Osaka City have had a long history. Recently, the countermeasures against floods involve processing the water as drainage water. However, in the event that a concentrated downpour occurs in a short period of time, the drainage system cannot cope and this will cause floods to happen in the city. As an adaptive measure, we would need to improve our drainage system but at the same time, we call for the people to understand and accept its limitations too. There are also water damages from the sea and high tides due to typhoons. Besides strengthening the revetment, we also promote an evacuation measure in the event the water damage exceeds the set limit. In regard to water damage caused by earthquakes, there is the pressing issue on countermeasures against tidal waves, ground liquefaction at some areas and making coastal levees earthquake-resistant. Efforts on strengthening countermeasures against water damages caused by earthquakes like tidal waves in a must for underground cities, and this is a unique issue for big cities in their countermeasures against floods. A concrete example would be the efforts in improving the waterproof facilities that prevent floods and evacuation measures. Ho Chi Minh City People s Committee There are various constructions projects to manage and certain requirements to meet. Regional administrative bodies often face a variety of management issues. How is it possible to adopt and use IT technology in managing an underground city? In addition, we hope to get some ideas on how management can be carried out in an administrative perspective. For example, we would like to be advised upon the formulation of a management plan, commercial goals for an underground city, administrative operations on non-commercial goals, technique for the management of construction above and below ground, expansion of an underground

214 city and management plans on maintenance. Osaka City In relation to Osaka City s underground city, we aim to ease of traffic stress by securing the safety of pedestrians and providing pedestrian crossings and we start off by building underground infrastructures that allow pedestrians to move easily underground. However, there is the issue of safety and hygiene when it comes to underground roads. Hence, to develop a comfortable underground city, provide safety, reassure consumers, we invest in building stores underground and through this too we are able to maintain the underground city from the profit gained in building the stores. The issue is on the countermeasure against disasters in an underground city. Based on past experiences in Osaka City, the standards on disaster prevention in an underground city have been greatly enhanced. Specifically, the management and operations that use IT technology for disaster prevention centers, creative ways in minimizing damages through fire prevention facilities like fireproof shutters. In addition, there is the pressing issue on sustainable management of an underground city. In Japan, we adopt the stock management method that reduces the lifecycle cost and plan the effective use and extension of a construction s lifespan based on a diagnose on its features and a forecast on its degradation

215 6. Public Relations Activities 6.1 Website Sharing of information in regard to the contents of this study is done through the following website. ([URL] Top page of the Homepage

216 6.2 Orientation Session for the Industry (November 2014) The Orientation Session for the Industry that introduces the objectives and the contents of the activities of [Ho Chi Minh City Osaka City Cooperation Project for Developing Low Carbon City] and with the aim of inviting new participants from the private sector in the efforts of creating lowcarbon cities, was held on 6 th November 2014 (Thursday). On that day, 45 participants from various private enterprises attended the session. There were dialogues and presentations on support systems for MOE, NEDO and JICA s projects that utilize JCM (a bilateral credit system) and the framework of the Japanese government including the support from Osaka City in view of the efforts in creating a low-carbon city. [Date and Time] 6 th November 2014 (Thursday) 2:30 p.m. 5:00 p.m. [Venue] Kansai Economic Federation Meeting Room [Attendees] Osaka City, New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Kansai International Center, Kansai Economic Federation, Global Environment Centre Foundation GEC [Participants] 45 [Outline] There were presentations on support policies (that include economic assistance from the Japanese government) in regard to the implementation and the content of the projects that aim to build a sustainable collaboration in promoting project developments and the expansion of private enterprises while discovering new projects for the next term that utilize the JCM scheme and are adaptive to the local needs. These presentations are meant to help more enterprises and organizations understand our operations better. [Agenda] We would like to understand the weight behind the responsibilities of Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Bureau. We have been entrusted by MOE with the study on creating and discovering initiatives for JCM projects in Vietnam, and through discussions with business operators in regard to the implementation of JCM in Ho Chi Minh City, we were told that beside a JCM approval, an approval from Ho Chi Minh City is also required. However, the process of obtaining such an approval is not transparent and since there is no source of information on that, we would like to be advised upon this issue. -> HCMC Climate Change Steering Board does not exist within the Ho Chi Minh City s organization. It comprises of the governing bodies from each department and is a body that summarizes each department in a cross-sectional manner. The Climate Change Bureau that acts as a secretariat is established within the Natural Resources and Environment. In this project, the Climate Change Bureau (HCCB) takes up the responsibility of summarizing and running detailed projects and planning climate change action plans. In the event that a detailed project is carried out, the bureau will directly contact departments and agencies that are related to the field and obtain the final

217 approval from the HCMC People s Committee. -> Even if headquarter or branch is not located in the Kansai region, we are able to provide the necessary management from our representatives in Kansai. We would definitely like to contact the person in-charge once if it is possible. Questions should be posed to those who have had the experience of commercialization in Vietnam. We would also like to hear about some problematic issues that have occurred. In comparison to the cooperation between Kobe City and Vietnam, under the cooperation between Kien Gang province and the cities, large-scale JCM initiative studies are carried out but since the cooperation is not established formally with the public sector, there are some difficulties in promoting the projects. Specifically, there were plans to build a garbage incinerator as at the current stage, local business operators are collecting the garbage and conducting open burnings. However, not much could be achieved, even if the project were to be introduced to a public agency. We also expect the issue where not much can be utilized effectively locally even if Kobe City were to provide the know-how on garbage incineration. For Ho Chi Minh City, how is Osaka going to follow up on Hitachi Zosen Corporation s plans for a garbage incinerator? -> Hitachi Zosen Corporation is developing a power generator that uses the garbage from the city and organic garbage from the markets, but we are faced with the following issues on the sorting and collection of the garbage. Hitachi Zosen Corporation and related parties are currently reviewing on how Osaka City can provide the know-how in relation to the sorting and collection of garbage. Are the projects only limited to Ho Chi Minh City? Or do they include neighboring provinces and regions? -> This project is an administrative framework between Osaka City and Ho Chi Minh City and to conduct administrative talks with other cities, provinces and regions would be difficult. In the event that we are reviewing specific projects, would it be possible to be introduced to other counterparts? -> From an administrative perspective, it would be difficult to introduce SPC like local organizations. However, as we have contacts in Ho Chi Minh s department and agencies, we might be able to make use of that and consult with them. -> As a secretariat, when Japanese business operators are reviewing the project, it is possible to provide consultation support and information collection on business operators. In regard to reviewing a development of financing programme for JCM Projects by MOE, we would like to learn more about the review on JCM methodology and hurdles in the construction of the MRV system. -> To implement a financing programme, an international consortium is necessary. At the least, it is necessary to build the system that implements the project in the event that the representative of the business operator is required to return the subsidies for when

218 damages or disposals occur due to the condition where an infrastructure, which happens to be eligible for subsidies do not meet the subsidies requirements. In addition, in the current subsidized projects, we are required to report on the reduction in emission to MOE by the end of For that, it is necessary to build a monitoring system. The JCM methodology defines the monitoring items needed to provide a quantitative assessment on the reduction amount. We would have to build the monitoring system in implementing the project. To apply for subsidies with MOE at the current moment, there is no necessity in getting the JCM methodology approved but when the JCM methodology is being screened, the calculation method for the reduction in emission has to meet the screening requirements. The eligibility for subsidies ultimately lies in the introduction of the infrastructure. We will provide the necessary support for entrusted projects and in the development efforts on applicable JCM methodology for subsidized projects within MOE

219 7. Cooperation in Related Operations 7.1 Reports and Presentations on Domestic Progress Debriefing Sessions (1) Interim Report Meeting (September 2014) On 10 th September 2014, at MOE, we attended an interim report meeting to provide the necessary updates. The agenda for the interim report meeting is as follows. In regard to the introduction of energy-saving measures (by Shimizu Corporation) and to the questions on the selection of the target buildings, one of the target buildings is a commercial building in which, Shimizu Corporation played a part in its construction and this year marks its infrastructure renewal time too. From the information obtained, there are 200 candidate buildings and if the introduction is carried out for half of that amount, we can consider this as a large-scale development. In respond to the opinion that the subsidies would be insufficient for a 100-building project, the target buildings are symbolic landmarks in Ho Chi Minh City and if we can show concrete proof on the positive effect of energy-saving (like a reduction in energy cost), we can expect the support from the private sector in expanding this project. In respond to the suggestion of carrying out a survey in understanding the public s opinions on the Park and Bus Ride System (P&BR) (Nikken Sekkei Research Institute), a survey has been carried out last year and the results show that 40% of the survey participants are ready to change to the new system. To further confirm the results, we plan to carry out trail runs. In addition, in respond to the financing programme for JCM projects by MOE on P&BR, on whether we will consider applying for it, we will deliberate with the same companies in the event that there is a 2 nd open recruitment. In addition, in respond to a server system that is eligible as the financing programme for JCM projects for P&BR, we are unable to provide a clear explanation as to what makes an eligible subsidized infrastructure but we hope to be given the opportunity to further discuss this matter with suggestions from MOE and guidance from Nikken Sekkei Research Institute. (2) Final Report Meeting (January 2015) On 10 th January 2015, we attended a final debriefing session with MOE to deliver our reports. The agenda of the final debriefing session is as follows. Operations In regard to the planning of Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan, the plan s test runs have been carried out concurrently and we shall proceed in reviewing and building a list for the project and detailed measures and policies to be included in the plan. Ho Chi Minh City aims to obtain the approval for the action plan from the Communist Party of Vietnam in December of this year of January, next year. We also aim to come up with Ho Chi Minh City development plans by September of this year. In conjunction with the planning of the action plan, MOE has requested for the

220 implementation of operations that make use of JCM in regard to the measures and policies and project that have been specially listed up along with the support given to PDCA after the action plan has been drawn up. MOE also has requested that we should aim to implement 2 3 issues in the FS study in For Osaka City, to make use of the experience in Ho Chi Minh City, MOE has requested that developments in other cities to also be reviewed. Osaka City responded by stating that first they while concentrating in making the projects in Ho Chi Minh City a success and in the future, would like to review the future developments in other cities. FS Study [Introduction of Building Energy Saving Technologies (Shimizu Corporation)] In regard to this study, MOE has the following requests. This project is recognized as a pilot project in Ho Chi Minh City, and in the new future, even if it fails to obtain subsidies, we are dedicated in creating a framework for its horizontal expansion within Ho Chi Minh City. Especially, we will work towards approaching the administrators in regard to the possibility of introducing a government based economic assistance system or a Vietnam ESCO project. In the current project plans, the occurrence of CO2 credit starts from 2017 and since time is needed until the credit takes into effect, in order to get it off to an early start, we will have to effectively proceed in the discussions with building owners and related organizations. Especially, in Vietnam, when a project consumes too much money and time, it is common for the project to abandoned halfway. Hence, it is important to proceed quickly. -> We have obtained the consent from the owners in Vietnam about the project promotion and we are currently waiting for the consent from the headquarter in Hong Kong. We will continue negotiations in order to keep the project moving. (Shimizu Corporation) In regard to this study, MOE had the following questions. What are the reasons behind selecting the mentioned buildings? -> These are standard buildings from a selection of buildings built by Shimizu Corporation in the past. 20 years have passed since its completion and now marks the time to renew their infrastructure. Even without the JCM project, it is necessary to renew the infrastructure. (Shimizu Corporation) What is the current situation on fund accumulation on the Vietnam side? -> In regard to fund plans, we are deliberating with the owners and we are currently waiting for the consent from the headquarter in Hong Kong. (Shimizu Corporation) In this FS Study, from the implemented study, were you able to collect data that can be used in the future too? -> Different requirements would exist for each building but air circulation requirements or indoor air quality for a building and other data that can be used in the future has been collected. Especially, we have confirmed the effectiveness of an absorption installation that is installed indoors to improve air circulation through the data that shows the relation between the increase

221 in concentration of CO2 in air circulation with the increase in concentration of CO2 indoors. (Shimizu Corporation) FS Study [Promoting Shift to Bus Transportation Through the Use of Mall-Linked Park-and- Ride and Eco-Point Systems] This project would require the introduction of IC cards but such introduction is expected to be held in Ho Chi Minh City in Hence, to implement the project next year would be difficult. Currently, since there are no bus routes from the target commercial facilities to the city center, proposals to Ho Chi Minh City s Transport (DOT) on the establishments of new bus routes, have been made. However, at the same time, DOT has requested for the infrastructure of parking bays for buses while taking note of the lack of bus route issue. Based on the developments at AEON s 2 nd store, Takashimaya s outlet and Tokyu Real Estate Agency, with the BRT and Park and Bus Ride System, maintenance of the project is possible and we believe this proves that the project will also be highly effective and meaningful in Ho Chi Minh City. The introduction of the IC card will only be implemented in 2019 and until then, we shall concentrate on other projects and proceed with the introduction of low-pollution buses. In regard to this study, MOE had the following questions. Is it not possible to use the parking lots at AEON as bus parking bays? -> AEON s parking lots are comparatively congested on a daily basis and to use it as a bus parking bay would be difficult.(nsri) What do you think about bus fare charges? -> We expect to apply the same charges for all bus routes.(nsri) What do you think about the user s data management? -> There is a need to share data between public and private sectors. Since there will be an issue for both parties to mutually access each other s servers, there will be plans to set up a third party server and to manage the data from there. (NSRI)

222 7.2 Presentations and Attendance of Domestic Meetings Held Before the Launch of Workshops at Targeted Locations In regard to the content of operations, enforcement policies and schedules, in order to share information and exchange opinions, a meeting was held between MOE, National Institute for Environmental Science (NIES), Team Osaka and the related parties. [Date] 8 th May 2014 (Thursday) [Attendees] MOE, Osaka City, National Institute for Environmental Science, Kyoto University, Shimizu Corporation, Nikken Sekkei Research Institute, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Chuo Fukken Consultants, Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co. Ltd., K.K. Satisfactory International, Hitachi Zosen Corporation, Ogawa Electrical, Japanese Conference on Overseas Development of Eco-Cities (J-Code), Daikin, Mizuho Information and Research Institute, Global Environment Centre Foundation [Agenda] There was an explanation in regard to the overall outline on [FY2014 Ho Chi Minh City Osaka City Cooperation Project for Developing Low Carbon City] by MOE and new funds from this year for the dissemination of low-carbon technologies and trust funds from Asian Development Bank. In addition, there was an introduction in regard to the informational website and network that supports the Leapfrog development projects in Asia. GEC presented the main points of this meeting that included the overall outline of this research operations and the schedule. There was also an explanation in regard to the information transmission that collaborates with the use and platforms of the subsidies and funds that were introduced by MOE. GEC also stated that they would proceed in updating information on the GEC homepage that was set up last year. Shimizu Corporation presented in regard to [Introduction of Building Energy Saving Technologies] under the JCM Feasibility Study (FS). The building under consideration for this study is the Sanwa Building (the building right below the viewing deck). Nikken Sekkei Research Institute presented in regard to this year s JCM FS Project on the [Promoting Shift to Bus Transportation Through the Use of Mall-Linked Park-and-Ride and Eco-Point Systems]. The members of Team Osaka Consortium that comprise of Hitachi Zosen Corporation and K.K. Satisfactory International gave an introduction on candidates for the JCM Project. NIES, who cooperates for the support in planning Ho Chi Minh City Climate Change Action Plan under this study, presented in regard to the use of Asia Pacific Integrated Model (AIM). The observers from Team Osaka (J-Code, Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co. Ltd., Ogawa Electrical and Daikin) presented information related to each of their objectives in participation and the condition of the operation candidates

223 7.3 Presentations at Meetings Designated by MOE (1) JCM Workshop (October 2014) On 29th October 2014, we attended the JCM Workshop in Yokohama City that was hosted by MOE (and co-hosted by IGES) and presented our operations from the Osaka side along with a display poster. Display Poster

224 (2) COP20 Side Event (December 2014) The 20 th Session of the Conference of the Parties (COP20) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) that was launched in Peru, Lima (1 st 12 th December 2014) has a side event that was held on the 2 nd day (2 nd (Tuesday) December) at the Japan Pavilion with the cooperation from MOE, Ministry of Natural Resources Environment (MONRE, Vietnam). The results of the opening are as follows

225 Title: City-wide Mitigation Project Development in HCMC, Vietnam and Vientiane, Lao PDR Utilizing the Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) Date & Time: December 2, 2014 (13:00-14:30) Organizer(s): Global Environment Centre Foundation (GEC) Outline This side event presented the JCM recent development and the city-wide mitigation project development under the JCM (Joint Crediting Mechanism), by showing programmes of city-to-city cooperation (cooperation between Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) (Vietnam) and Osaka City (Japan), and cooperation between Vientiane Capital (Lao PDR) and Kyoto City (Japan)). For these programme, host country representatives presented their perspectives and expectations. Agenda and speakers Opening Address (by Mr. Nobuhiro Kino, Director, International Cooperation Office, Ministry of the Environment, Japan (MOEJ)) Presentation: Overview and Progress of the JCM (by Mr. Kino, MOEJ) Presentation: Showcases of MOEJ s Project to Support the Large-Scale Formation of JCM Programs to Realize Low-Carbon Societies in Viet Nam and Lao PDR (by Mr. Tomoya Motoda, Deputy Director, International Cooperation Division, Global Environment Centre Foundation (GEC)) Presentation: Vietnamese Perspective on JCM and its Upscaling (by Mr. Le Ngoc Tuan, Department of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), Viet Nam) Presentation: JCM Project Introduction on Solid Waste Management in Ho Chi Minh City (by Mr. Taiyo Miyagi, Manager, Global Business Promotion Department, Business Planning Headquarters, Hitachi Zosen Corporation (Hitz)) Presentation: Lao Perspective on JCM and its Implementation (by Mr. Syamphone Sengchandala, Disaster Management and Climate Change, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), Lao PDR) Q&A (Moderated by Mr. Tomoya Motoda, GEC)

226 Summary Mr. Kino, MOEJ, introduced the overview of the JCM and the MOEJ s activities for the development, implementation and upscaling of JCM projects, and expressed their expectation to further promotion and spread of JCM projects. Mr. Motoda, GEC, presented the cases of city-to-city cooperation programmes for the large-scale JCM project development: (i) Ho Chi Minh City Osaka City Cooperation Project for Developing Low Carbon City, and (ii) JCM Feasibility Studies of GHG Mitigation Projects contributing to Low Carbon Historic City based on City-to-City Cooperation between Vientiane and Kyoto. Then he introduced the concrete JCM projects which were to be implemented and whose feasibilities were studied under these programmes. He stressed that the implementation of low-carbon projects in cities were effective due to more GHG emissions from a variety of emission sources based on many economic/industrial activities, and that the city-wide diffusion of JCM projects (in a packaged way) was important through the municipal government (city-to-city) cooperation. Mr. Tuan, Vietnamese MONER, presented their perspectives on JCM, including pros and cons of JCM in Viet Nam. He expressed the expectation on low-carbon project implementation and technology transfer promotion through the JCM, and on financial and technological supports provided from Japan, and noted that it should be important to promote the capacity development in Viet Nam, ant to further promote the development and upscaling of the JCM projects. Mr. Miyagi, Hitz, showcased their waste management JCM projects to be implemented in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam: (i) JCM Model Project Anaerobic digestion of organic waste for biogas utilization at market in Ho Chi Minh City ; and (ii) JCM Project Planning Study Introduction of our Energy-from-Waste technology, and introduced their activities and their own technologies of waste management plants. Mr. Sengchandala, Lao MONRE, presented the status of the JCM in Laos, and recognized the contribution of the JCM to the transfer of low-carbon technologies and the establishment of low-carbon society in Laos. He also expressed the expectation to the JCM project development through the city-to-city cooperation between Vientiane and Kyoto, to improve the actual situation with no concrete JCM projects developed up to now. In Q&A session, questions about the promotion and PR of the JCM, and the upscaling of the JCM projects were raised. Mr. Kino replied that the partnership between Japan and signed countries should be strengthened and PRed. He added the importance of further development of the JCM projects through the project feasibility studies and the city-to-city cooperation

227 programmes. Regarding upscaling, Mr. Tuan suggested a possible solution of tradable credit scheme after Mr. Motoda mentioned that successful cases through the city-to-city cooperation programmes would contribute to the upscaling and the PR of the JCM. Photograph (Reporter: Tomoya Motoda, GEC) To access the Side Event Reports and presentation files, please refer to the following link:

228 Ⅲ. Presentation Materials

229 Table of contents 1. 1st Working Group Meeting nd Working Group Meeting International Symposium 43

230 1. 1st Working Group Meeting -1-

231 -2-

232 Ho Chi Minh City Osaka City Cooperation Project for Developing Low Carbon City st Working Group Meeting for the Development of HCMC Climate Change Action Plan July 2014 Global Environment Centre Foundation (GEC) 1 CCAP development Meeting/CB in HCMC High-level Symposium Training course in Japan Progress draft schedule Publication of final draft now 2-6 1st draft final draft FS for 2 JCM projects: to make several field surveys in HCMC Seminar for project seeds identification in HCMC on 10 July at JETRO HCMC 2 Discussion result of Meeting in May Discussion result of Meeting in May Date:13-15 May 2014 Participants: (HCMC) CCB, DONRE, DOST, Construction, Agriculture and Rural Development, HCMC People Committee, Investment and Planning, Flooding prevention center, Industry and Trade, Planning and Architect, Transportation, etc. (OSAKA) GEC, NIES, Kyoto Univ., IGES 3 Shared understandings between Japanese and HCMC sides, on how to proceed of the development of HCMC CCAP , AIM application, and GHG Inventory Proposed the structure/contents of HCMC CCAP by HCMC Suggesting to the structure/contents of CCAP based on Japanese experiences and expertise by Osaka City. Proposed 8 sectors and 6 development zones as the focus points of HCMC Identifying concrete policies/activities/projects Introduction of FS for JCM Projects to be implemented in Outline of Training course in Japan Date : 2-6 June 2014 Participants:Dr. Phung (DOST), and Ms. Huong (CCB) Date Contents Lecturer Objectives of WG Meeting #1 To share the progress situation on the development of HCMC CC-AP /2 Learning AIM and related models and their application from the basis to 6/3 practice Dr. Fujino, etc. (NIES) To promote mutual understandings on the components/contents of HCMC CC-AP /4 Meeting about modeling of AIM 6/5 6/6 Learning GHG inventory at city-level International symposium on climate change and waste (Osaka City) Learning how to develop practical and feasible climate change action plan, based on Osaka City s experiences Prof. Matsuoka, Ms. Tu (Kyoto University) Ms. Akagi (IGES) UNEP/IETC, etc. Mr. Izumi, Mr. Kitaura, etc. (Osaka City) 5 To discuss how and when to proceed the development of HCMC CC-AP

233 Objectives of WG Meeting #1 To identify task/role allocation both by Japanese side and by HCMC side Consistency with existing CC-AP 2015 and other relevant legal bases (eg. development plans) Checking the progresses of actions/programs/projects, identified in existing CC-AP 2015 HCMC GHG inventory development Future projection of GHG emission in HCMC, including the application of the Asia-Pacific Integrated Model (AIM) developed by NIES Listing of actions/programs by sector and area basis, with prioritization Concrete policies/activities/projects to be identified in HCMC CC-AP Drafting text of HCMC CC-AP To identify the schedule toward the completion of the draft Action Plan 7 Expected achievements of WG#1 Deciding the structure (contents, and chapters) of HCMC CC-AP Setting the 1st draft menu list of actions/programs/projects for tackling climate change Completing the draft text of chapters of background, fundamental concepts, legal bases, target term, etc. 8 time Agenda <1st round (9 July)> 09:00 1. Opening contents 09:10 2. Overview of the Working Group Meeting (by GEC) - Expected result of Proposed task progress schedule of :30 3. Progress Situations on HCMC CC-AP (by HCCB)*: (1) Background of the development of HCMC CC-AP (2) Relevant existing legal bases (including plans/programs) for the development of HCMC CC-AP (3) Review of existing actions, and identification of obstacles * Based on the Proposal: Climate Change Action Plan of HCMC in the Period, with a Vision towards 2030 (1st draft) received on 14th May at HCMC-DONRE Meeting Room. 9 time Agenda <1st round (9 July)> contents 10:30 4. Progress Situation on the support to develop HCMC CC-AP : (1) Support to establish HCMC GHG inventory (by IGES) (2) Application of AIM (by NIES) (3) Proposals of contents of CC-AP (by CFK) - Chapters - Expected targets (short-, mid-, and long-term) - Overall framework of policies, programs, and actions - Priorities of sectors and/or districts - Promotion of actions: Model case (area) - Institutional arrangement of administration for the implementation (including PDCA cycle scheme) 10 time Agenda <1st round (9 July)> contents 11:00 5. Discussion on concrete priority measures in the 8 sectors and/or implemented in the priority districts - Priority measures menu in the 8 sector i) Energy ii) Transportation iii) Industrial production iv) Water management v) Solid waste management vi) Agriculture vii) Healthcare viii) Land use planning (1) Planned programs/projects to be implemented by Departments of HCMC (by HCMC) (2) Proposed concrete programs/projects (by Osaka City Government) 11 time Agenda <1st round (9 July)> contents 13:30 5. Discussion on concrete priority measures in the 8 sectors and/or implemented in the priority districts [cont d] 17:00 Adjourn of 1st Round 12-4-

234 Agenda <2nd round (11 July)> time contents 08:30 5. Discussion on concrete priority measures in the 8 sectors and/or implemented in the priority districts [cont d] To provide additional information and/or feedbacks for the substantial progress based on the 1st round discussions To set the 1st draft menu list of actions/programs/projects for tackling climate 10:30 6. Wrap-up of 1st Working Group Meeting Confirmation of the structure of HCMC CC-AP (including the confirmation of the draft texts of chapters of background, etc.) Confirmation of task schedule for the completeness of draft HCMC CC-AP :00 7. Closure 13 To make substantial step forward Structure (contents, and chapters) of HCMC CC-AP : Proposal: CCAP of HCMC in the period with a vision towards 2030 (1 st draft), proposed by DONRE/CCB in May Paper Suggestions for Structure & Contents for HCMC CCAP , proposed by Osaka 1st draft menu list of actions/programs/projects for tackling climate change List of Projects, proposed and submitted by Osaka based on the existing HCMC plans, HCMC CCAP 2015, and results of talk between Osaka City and HCMC taken place in 2013 Draft text of chapters of background, fundamental concepts, legal bases, target term, etc. Texts of HCMC-specific issues and contents should be drafted (or at least provided) by HCMC: General information of HCMC Background to develop CCAP fundamental concepts of CCAP Legal bases (including precedent plans/programmes) to develop CCAP Preferred target term (short term = 2020, mid term = 2030?, and long term = 2050???) Characteristics of 6 regions/zones Proposed work schedule: 21 August: Workshop for confirmation of work progress November: Working Group Meeting, to finalize draft CCAP December: High-level Symposium, and Policy Dialogue to publish the draft CCAP January (if necessary): Working Group Meeting, to final check of the draft CCAP, to be submitted to People s Committee for approval

235 Institute for Global Environmental Strategies MRV Project in HCMC: Progress and Activities in FY2014 Why is GHG Inventory important? Management for low-carbon city development A fundamental tool for local governments assess the amount of current GHG emissions, identify key emission sources, set a target for GHG emissions reduction, and develop effective mitigation actions in MRV manner GHG Inventory in base year (Assess the current GHG emissions) 8. Revise mitigation actions/ Action Plan as necessary 9. Report GHG reduction (reflect into GHG inventory in next year) 1. Identify key emission sectors/sources 2. Baseline setting/ Forecast future emissions scenario 3. Set a GHG reduction target 4. Develop mitigation actions 5. Summarize in Action Plan Shiko Hayashi and Junko Akagi, IGES Kitakyushu Urban Centre Meeting for Information sharing for the Development of HCMC Climate Change Action Plan Review & evaluate the effects of mitigation actions/ Action Plans 6. Implement mitigation actions 7. Account GHG reduction impacts 9 th July 2014, Ho Chi Minh City IGES Not for citation 2 Top-down v.s. Bottom-up approaches of GHG Inventory Ref. Local Government Action Plan in Japan Advantages Disadvantages Example of data Top-down approach Statistic (macro) data can be utilized if exists. Comprehensive accounting of GHG emissions The effectiveness of each mitigation actions cannot be directly explained (GHG emissions reduction is not directly linked with specific polity/actions) Electricity supplied to a building (e.g. monthly electricity bill) Bottom-up approach The effectiveness of each mitigation actions (policy) can be explained. Difficult to collect all bottom-up data without double-counting or leakage Accumulate all electricity consumption data of each equipment (e.g. PCs, lights, air conditioners, etc.) Act on Promotion of Global Warming Countermeasures Government operation Article 20-3 Paragraph 1 Responsibility to reduce GHG emissions associated with local government operations (e.g.) Energy conservation measures for government buildings and facilities i. Assess the total amount of GHG emissions ii. Setting quantitative target for total amount GHG emissions iii.develop concrete measures included in an Action Plan City-wide activities Article 20-3 Paragraph 3 Responsibility to promote comprehensive and planned policies in the city (e.g.) Promote introduction of renewable energy Promote energy conservation by business operators and residents Construct and improve public transportation, park land and other regional environment Create a recycling-based society by reducing waste generation i. Estimate the current amount of GHG emissions ii. Set a target iii.develop measures and policies Source: Based on Emission inventories in practice Japanese Experiences, August 2011, Ministry of the Environment, Japan IGES Not for citation 3 IGES Not for citation 4 Schedule of GHG Inventory development in HCMC (tentative) HCMC s GHG inventory (city-wide) :Data is collected/collecting :Data is identified :Data is not identified Sector Activity Gas Year AD EF Data Energy Generation CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Energy balance table, IPCC default Industrial CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Energy balance table IPCC default City-wide GHG Inventory development Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar now Energy (stationary, mobile), Waste, Water, Agriculture IPPU, Forestry, Land use Completion of GHG inventory Energy Stationary units Mobile units Commercial/ Institutional CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Energy balance table IPCC default Residential CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Energy balance table IPCC default Agriculture/ Forestry/ Fishing CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Energy balance table IPCC default Fugitive emissions CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Energy balance table IPCC default Road transportation CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Fuel consumption or Km travelled IPCC default Off-road transportation Railways Water-borne navigation Aviation Tap water production CO Amount of water supply Country specific Water Waste water treatment/discharge CH 4, N 2O 2013 Industry production, Population IPCC default GHG Inventory for government operation Develop data collection form Develop an instruction manual for data collection (ETM) Pilot data DONRE Collect data from all departments Develop GHG inventory for gov t operation Completion of GHG inventory Solid waste disposal CH Composition, generation per capita FOD method Waste Biological treatment CH 4, N 2O 2013 Waste amount processed IPCC default Incineration & open burning CO Waste amount incinerated IPCC default IPPU Enteric fermentation CH Population of livestock (head) IPCC default AFOLU Manure Management CH 4, N 2O 2013 Population of livestock (head) IPCC default Agriculture Rice cultivations CH Harvested (irrigated) area of rice IPCC default Emission from managed soils N 2O 2013 Amount of N (nitrogen) to soils, etc. IPCC default Forestry, Land Use - - Other Indirect Emissions IGES Not for citation 5 IGES Not for citation 6 PDCAcycle -6-

236 GHG emissions from energy sector GHG emissions from energy sector 1 Fuel combustion (Stationary combustion) Energy Industries Manufacturing Industries and Construction Electricity and Heat production Petroleum Refining Manufacture of Solid Fuels and Other Energy Industries Iron and Steel; Non-ferrous metals; Chemicals; Pulp, Paper and Print; Food Processing, Beverage and Tobacco; Non-metallic minerals; Transport equipment; Machinery; Mining and Quarrying; Wood and Wood products; Construction; Textiles and Leather; Non-specified industries New York City Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions (in 2002) Output Input GHG Emissions Other Sectors Commercial/Institutional; Residential; Agriculture/Forestry/Fishing/Fish farms Non-specified Emissions from fuel combustion in stationary/mobile sources that are not specified elsewhere. Energy sector Transportation (Mobile combustion) Road Transportation Off-road Transportation Railways Water-borne Navigation Civil Aviation Automobiles, light trucks, heavy-duty vehicles(tractor trailers and buses), motorcycles etc. Fugitive emissions IGES Not for citation 7 Is Energy Balance Table available in HCMC? Source: NYC Mayor s Office in Inventory of New York City Greenhouse Gas Emissions: December 2013 IGES Not for citation 8 GHG emissions from energy sector 2 Fuel types covered by each sub-sector in National GHG Inventory Energy industries (CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O) Anthracite, Bituminous, Diesel Oil, Fuel Oil, Non-associated gas, Associated gas, Biomass, LPG Manufacturing Industries and Construction (CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O) Anthracite, Fat Coal, Lignite, Coke, Kerosene, Diesel Oil, Fuel Oil, Biomass, LPG Commercial/ Institutional (CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O) Anthracite, Kerosene, Diesel Oil, Fuel Oil, LPG Residential (CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O) Anthracite, Kerosene, Diesel Oil, Fuel Oil, LPG, Biomass, Biogas Agriculture/Forestry/Fishing (CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O) Anthracite, Motor Gasoline, Diesel Oil, Fuel Oil (source: National GHG Inventory Report 2005 of Vietnam) Activity Data: Fuel consumption by fuel types Which Department? IGES Not for citation 9 Energy sector: Transportation (Mobile combustion) Transport Road transportation (CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O) Transport sector includes aircraft for international civil aviation and domestic air transport; road transportation (cars, light duty trucks, heavy duty trucks and buses, motorcycles, etc.); railways; water-borne navigation for domestic and international; and other transportation activities, such as gas pipeline transport. Tier 1 method is used because there are no fuel combustion data by transportation category as well as countryspecific emission factors in Viet Nam. (source: National GHG Inventory Report 2005 of Vietnam) CO 2 Emissions = Σ i [(Fuel consumption EF) Carbon stored] Fraction oxidised 44/12 Non-CO 2 Emissions = Σ [EF ab Fuel consumption ab ] Activity data - Fuel consumption or - Vehicle kilometres travelled (VKT) Fuel consumption for Transport in 2005 Unit: 1,000 tons Category Mogas Jet fuel DO FO Airway Road Rail 54.9 River and Seaway Source: Energy Balance Table in 2005 (Institute of Energy) where a: fuel type b: sector activity Road Transport Default Emission Factors (kg/tj) Fuel type EF (CO 2) Motor Gasoline (Mogas) 69,300 Gas/ Diesel Oil 74,100 LPG 63,100 Kerosene 71,900 Lubricants 73,300 CompressedNatural Gas 56,100 Liquefied Natural Gas 56,100 Source: Table on page 3.16 in Vol.2: Energy, Chapter 3: Mobile Combustion in IPCC Guideline 2006 Road Transport CH 4 and N 2O Default Emission Factors (kg/tj) Fuel type EF (CH 4) EF (N 2O) Motor Gasoline - uncontrolled Motor Gasoline oxidation catalyst Motor Gasoline low mileage light duty vehicle Gas/ Diesel oil Natural Gas 92 3 LPG Source: Table on page 3.21 in Vol.2: Energy, Chapter 3: Mobile Combustion in IPCC Guideline 2006 IGES Not for citation 10 Energy sector: Fugitive emissions Fugitive emissions (CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O) Fugitive emissions are intentional or unintentional release of GHG that may occur during the extraction, processing and delivery of fossil fuels to the point of final use. Fugitive emissions are emitted from mining, processing, storage and transportation of coal, and oil and natural gas systems. (source: National GHG Inventory Report 2005 of Vietnam) 1. Coal Mining and Handling (CH 4 ) 1-1. Underground coal mining and post-mining emissions: 1-2. Surface coal mining: 1-3. Abandoned underground coal mines: 2. Oil and Natural Gas (CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O) Methane emissions within oil and gas system include emissions during normal operation, such as emissions associated with venting and flaring during oil and gas production, chronic leaks or discharges from process vents; emissions during repair and maintenance; and emissions during system upsets and accidents. (source: National GHG Inventory Report 2005 of Vietnam) E gas = Σ industry segments [A industry segment EF gas, industry segment ] where E gas : Annual emissions (Gg) A industry segment : Activity data (unit of activity) EF gas, industry segment : Emission factor (Gg/unit of activity) Activity data - Indigenous production of Oil and gas (e.g. Crude oil, associated-gas, nonassociated gas) IGES Not for citation 11 GHG emissions from waste sector Waste sector 1. Solid waste disposal site 2. Biological treatment of solid waste 3. Wastewater treatment and discharge 4. Incineration and open burning of waste 5. Other Industrial wastewater Domestic wastewater Water sector Reference: GHG emission in waste sector accounted in Viet Nam National GHG Inventory in CH 4 emission from Solid waste disposal sites 2.CH 4 emission from industrial wastewater 3.CH 4 emission from domestic wastewater 4.N 2 O emission from human sewage 5.CO 2 emission from waste incineration IGES Not for citation 12-7-

237 Waste sector 1: Solid waste disposal sites Emission from Solid waste disposal sites (CH 4 ) Methodology: First Order Decay (FOD) method (or Default value) Waste composition: Averaged composition of waste from Status environment reports of Nature Resources and Environment of Provinces Average value of three waste composition survey conducted by Hitachi Zosen Corporation at Phuc Hiep Landfill site in August 2012, November 2012, and January Composition Rate (%) Food, organic Garden 2.76 Paper 2.7 Wood 1.05 Textile 3.30 Nappies 0.01 Plastic, other inert Source: Status environment reports of Nature Resources and Environment of Provinces Composition Rate (%) Food, organic 67.9 Garden 0 Paper 2.8 Wood 0.6 Textile 6.4 Nappies 1.7 Plastic, other inert 20.6 Source: calculated based on the survey conducted by Hitachi Zosen Corporation Generation factor: 0.7kg/capita/day Fraction of urban solid waste disposal sites: 65% in 2000, 71% in 2003 Waste Management type: unmanaged and deep in urban area (0.8) * The amount of Industrial waste disposed in landfill is missing. DONRE? Preliminary result 1,177,150 t-co2 eq./year IGES Not for citation 13 Waste sector 2: Biological treatment of solid waste Composting Waste amount Vietstar receives: 450t/day (=164.25Gg/year) (source: survey conducted by Hitachi Zosen Corp.) Proportion of the received waste going to composting process: 35% (source: survey conducted by Hitachi Zosen Corp.) Emission factors: 4g CH 4 /kg waste treated, 0.3g N 2 O/kg waste treated (IPCC 2006 Guideline) (164.25Gg/year t CH 4 /Gg) 21 + (164.25Gg/year t N 2 O/Gg) 310 CH 4 emission N 2 O emission CO 2 eq CO 2 eq = 10, t-co 2 eq/year * The amount of other composting plants (e.g. Tam Sinh Nghia) process to make composts is missing. DONRE? IGES Not for citation 14 Waste sector 3: Incineration and open burning of waste Incineration and open burning of waste - CO 2 emissions resulting from waste incineration of carbon in waste of fossil origin (e.g. Plastics, certain textiles, rubber, liquid solvents, and waste oil) should be included in emissions estimates. - Carbon fraction derived from biomass materials (e.g. Paper, food waste, and wooden materials, etc.) is not included. CO 2 Emissions = Σ i [IW i CCW i FCF i EF i ] 44/12 GHG emissions from water sector: Tap water production Chemical input to 1m 3 of water production Output from 1m 3 of water production Category amount unit Category amount unit Sludge kg sodium hydroxide kg liquid chlorine kg sodium hypochlorite kg activated charcoal kg Polyaluminum chloride kg lime hydrate kg kg-co 2 / Source: LCA Software (MiLCA). where i = MSW(municipal solid waste), ISW(industrial solid waste), HW(hazardous waste), MW (medical waste), SS (sewage sludge) DONRE? IW i: Amount of incinerated waste type i (Gg/year) CCW i : Fraction of carbon content in waste tyep i (default value = 60%) FCF i: Fraction of fossil carbon in waste type i (default value = 40%) EF i : Burn out efficiency of combustion of incinerator for waste type i (default value = 95%) Water withdrawal facility Aqueduct Water treatment plant Water line Water distribution facility CO 2 emission from energy consumption Water distributing pipes Water supply equipment - In Viet Nam, rate of solid waste burned in incinerator is very low and mainly hazardous medical solid waste (clinical waste) is burned in incinerators of hospitals. - The amount of hazardous medical solid waste can be estimated by using total number of beds in hospital, volume of waste per bed, and rate of hazardous waste in medical waste. * If statistics for the amount of incinerated waste is available, activity data should be updated. IGES Not for citation 15 HCMC 0.23 kg-co 2 / Source of picture: Waterworks Bureau of Osaka City Source: TOTO and Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities Co., Ltd. Osaka city kg-co 2 / Source: Osaka City s Environmental Report (FY2012) IGES Not for citation 16 Water sector 1: Activity data of tap water production CO 2 Emissions = Σ i [Amount of water supply EF i ] 0.23 kg-co 2 / where i = Water supply plant Water sector 2: CH 4 emission from wastewater treatment and discharge CH 4 emission from industrial wastewater CH 4 Emissions = Σ i [TOW i EF i MR i ] where TOW i: Total organic wastewater type i (kgcod/year) EF i : Emission factor of wastewater type i (kgch 4 /kgcod) MR i: Total amount of methane recovered or flared from wastewater type i (kgch 4) Caverage of industrial categories for an estimate of CH 4 emissions from industrial wastewater in Viet Nam National GHG Inventory in Beer & malt DOIT? Activity Data - Fish processing - Production of some important industries (ton/year) Judgment by - Pulp and paper - Unit wastewater generation (m 3 /ton) - Iron & steel steering board? - COD concentration in wastewater (kg COD/m 3 ) Water treatment facility (Water supply facility) Unit Quantity AD Reference EF CO2 emissions [Unit/yr] [kg CO2eq./Unit] [Gg CO2eq./yr] Total n.a. 505,127, n.a. n.a Thu Duc 1 Water Plant m3 259,633, DONRE? Real data from Saigon Water Supply Corporation (SAWACO) Tran Hiep Waster Plant m3 98,787, same as above BOO Thu Duc Water Plant m3 109,500, SAWACO Plan of Water Supply Binh An Water Plant m3 36,500, same as above Ground Water m3 706, same as above IGES Not for citation 17 CH 4 emission from domestic wastewater where TOW CH 4 Emissions = Σ i [TOW i EF i MR i ] i: Total organic waste (kg BOD/year) EF i : Emission factor (kgch 4 /kgbod) MR i: Total amount of methane recovered or flared (kgch 4) Fraction of domestic wastewater treatment (expert judgment in National GHG Inventory, 2005) Activity Data DONRE-CCB? - Centralized, aerobic treatment: 0% - Human population (1000 persons) - Septic system: 30% - Untreated: 70% - Degradable organic component (kgbod/1000persons/year) Judgment by (default: 40gBOD/person/day=14,600kgBOD/1000persons/year) steering board? IGES Not for citation 18-8-

238 Water sector 3: N 2 O emission from wastewater treatment and discharge GHG emissions from Agriculture sector N 2 O emission - N 2O emission can occur as direct emission from treatment plants or from indirect emissions from wastewater after disposal of effluent into waterways, lakes or the sea. - Direct emission from nitrification and de-nitrification at wastewater treatment plants may be considered as a minor source. Agriculture sector Enteric fermentation Manure management cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, camels, horses, mules and asses, swine, poultry, other cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, camels, horses, mules and asses, swine, poultry, other N 2 O Emission = Protein Frac NPR NR people EF Aggregate sources and non-co 2 emissions sources on land GHG emissions from biomass burning, liming, urea application, rice cultivation, direct/indirect N 2O emissions from managed soils, etc. DONRE-CCB? where Protein: annual per capita protein intake (kg/person/year) ( kg/person/year in 2005 (source: Annual report of Viet Nam nutrition institute)) Frac NPRi:Fraction of nitrogen in protein (default=0.16, kg N/kg protein) NR people: Number of people EF: emission factor (default=0.01, kg N 2O-N/kg N) Reference: GHG emission in Agriculture sector accounted in Viet Nam National GHG Inventory, Enteric fermentation (CH 4 ) 2. Manure management (CH 4, N 2 O) 3. Rice cultivation (CH 4 ) 4. Agricultural soils (N 2 O) 5. Prescribed burning of savannas (CH 4, N 2 O) 6. Field burning of agricultural residues (CH 4, N 2 O) IGES Not for citation 19 IGES Not for citation 20 GHG emissions from Agriculture sector 1 Main GHG emission sources and processes in managed ecosystems Source: IPCC Guideline 2006 Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use, page 1.6 of Chapter 1: Introduction IGES Not for citation 21 GHG emissions from Agriculture sector 2 Enteric fermentation (CH 4 ) CH 4 Emissions = Σ i [A i EF i ] Manure management (CH 4 ) CH 4 Emissions = Σ i [A i EF i ] where A i: Population of livestock (head) EF i : Emission factor for specific population (kg/head/year) Index i: livestock categories where A i: Population of livestock (head) EF i : Emission factor for the defined livestock population (kg/head/year) Index i: livestock categories Manure management (N 2 O) where N i: Number of head of livestock category i N 2 O Emissions = Σ s {Σ i [N i Nex i MS i ] EF s } Nex i : Annual average N excretion per head of category i (kg N/1t animal/year) MS i: Fraction of total annual excretion for each livestock category i that is managed in manure management system S EF s: N 2O emission factor for manure management system S (kg N 2O-N/kg N) i: Category of livestock, S: Manure management system Rice cultivations (CH 4 ) where CH 4 Emissions = Σ i Σ j Σ k [EF ijk A ijk 10-6 ] EF ijk: a daily emission factor for i, j, k conditions (kg CH 4/ha/year) A ijk: Annual harvested (irrigated) area of rice for i, j, k conditions Emissions from Managed Soils (N 2 O) Direct emissions (N 2 O) Indirect emissions (N 2 O) DARD? (ha/year) Index i j k: represent different ecosystems, water regimes, type and amount of organic amendments, and other conditions, under which CH 4 emissions from rice may vary. where F SN: amount of synthetic fertilizer N applied to soils (kg N/year) F ON: amount of organic N additions applied to soils (kg N/year) IGES Not for citation 22 Schedule of this week for data collection Date July 9 th (Wed) July 10 th (Thu) July 11 th (Fri) Contents check with participants from each department for the data availability (at 1 st round of Working Group Meeting) Meeting with DONRE-CCB & ETM Center Participants from each department are expected to bring the data (or report an availability of data) requested on July 9 th (Wed) (at 2 nd round of Working Group Meeting) Thank you for your attention! DONRE-CCB will follow up for the data collection. DONRE-CCB and ETM Center will develop a manual for data collection from all departments of People s Committee of HCMC for a development of GHG inventory for government operation with a support from IGES. IGES Not for citation 23 IGES Not for citation 24-9-

239 Atmospheric and Thermal Environmental Engineering Laboratory Urban and Environmental Engineering GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, KYOTO UNIVERSITY Mizuho Information & Research Institute - Japan Design of Low Carbon City for Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam AIM team July, 2014 Contents Expected Table of contents of the final report 1. Objective of the study 2. Review of Political background 3. Research framework 4. Low Carbon HCMC Short explanation of the Methodology Appendices 1. Overviews of models (ExSS, Waste) 2. Background information 2 1. Objective - To design the HCMC Low Carbon City (LCC) scenarios - To support JCM project of HCMC study conducted by HCMC and Osaka City - To support enhancing the capacity of Low Carbon policy development of related organizations by introducing simulation models (AIM) to give comprehensive and consistent pathways 3 2. List of related Policies 4 Parameters Title Organization Year Development Land use Transport Energy Climate change Projects on Climate change action plan for HCMC Decision no. 589/QD-TTg approval of the Master Plan for the development of HCMC by 2020 with vision to 2050 Vietnamese Government May, 2008 Decree 16-NQ/TW dated August 10, 2012: the Direction and Responsibility for the development of HCMC by 2020 Vietnamese Government Aug, 2012 Decision 2631/QD-TTg approval of Master plan for the socioeconomic development of HCMC until 2020 with vision to 2025 Decision 252/QD-TTg approval of Master plan for the socioeconomic development of Southern Key Economic Region until 2020 with vision to 2030 Vietnamese Government Dec, 2013 Vietnamese Government Feb, 2014 Decision 24/QD-TTg approval of the adjustment of the Master plan for constructing HCMC by 2025 Vietnamese Government Jan, 2010 Decree 02-NQ/CP dated January 06, 2014: Land use planning by 2020 and Land use plan first 5-year of HCMC Vietnamese Government Jan, 2014 Status and planning of the transportation development in HCMC by 2020 Transportation, Sep, 2010 HCMC Decision 568/QD-TTg approval of Master plan for transportation development in HCMC by 2020 with vision beyond Vietnamese Government Apr, Decision no. 2305/QD-UBND approval of Green energy program for HCMC by 2015 HCMC Government May, 2012 Directive no. 35/2005/CT-TTg dated October 17, 2005 on Organizing the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC Decision no. 47/2007/QD-TTg approval of the Plan for the organization of the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol under UNFCCC for period Vietnamese Government Oct, 2005 Vietnamese Government Apr, 2007 Decision no. 158/2008-QD-TTg approval of the National Target program to respond to Climate Change Vietnamese Government Dec, 2008 Decision no. 2139/QD-TTg approval of the National Climate Change Strategy Vietnamese Government Dec, 2011 Decision no. 1393/QD-TTg approval of National Green Growth Strategy for Vietnam Vietnamese Government Sep, 2012 Decision no. 1775/Qd-TTg approval of the Plan to manage GHG emission and Carbon trading activities to the world market Vietnamese Government Nov, 2012 Decision no. 2484/QD-UBND Issuing Programs for implementing Climate change action plans of HCMC by 2015 HCMC People Committee May, 2013 Decision no. 5392/QD-UBND approval of Programs for implementing Climate change action plans of HCMC in 2013 HCMC People Committee Sep, 2013 Develop climate change integrated master plan for district 4 and NHA BE district HCMC Climate Change Bureau 2014 Project proposal for GHG emission inventories and MRV for HCMC HCMC Climate Change Bureau 2014 Project proposal on capacity building on Climate change adaptation and mitigation for officials and staff of Ho Chi Minh City in the period Project Proposal on Developing Climate Change Action Plans for different regions in HCMC by 2020 with a vision towards 2030 Project proposal on Assessing the status and forecasting the trend of green house gas emissions in HCMC and proposing mitigation measures towards a low-carbon city HCMC Climate Change Bureau 2014 HCMC Climate Change Bureau 2014 HCMC Science and Technology Study framework Scope of the study Base year: 2011 Target years: 2020, 2025, 2030 (follow targets of some development plans), 2050 (preferred by GEC) Sectors: Energy, Transport, Industry, Waste, (Agriculture, LULUCF) Area: HCMC as 1 region Target GHG: CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O, (HFCs, PFCs, SF 6 ) Social: 1 population group, 1 household type Transportation: consider both domestic and cross-border Passenger transport mode: Road (bicycle, motorcycle, car, taxi, bus, train) (with estimation for walk, MRT), waterway, aviation Freight transport mode: Road, waterway, maritime, aviation Expected audients and related organizations HCMC People Committee, HCMC CCB, DOST, Univ.NRE 5 Work procedure Information sharing and exchange with Osaka City Statistical information Legal documents Other information sources Energy Balance Table Social Accounting Matrix ExSS Socio-economic vision Energy related vision 5. Analysis of current status and BaU projection Technical report of Low Carbon HCMC Research framework 1. Collect relevant information 2. Discuss with related departments 3. Prepare data input 4. Integrate base year s data Background information AIM/Waste Waste related vision 6. Design of Low Carbon HCMC in target years and estimation of GHG emission reduction potential 7. Design of Low Carbon Actions for HCMC Brochure of Low Carbon HCMC

240 4. Low Carbon HCMC 7 4. Low Carbon HCMC 8 Foreword Preface Table of contents of study report Low Carbon HCMC Image of expected outputs (1) Quantified socio-economic vision of HCMC 1. Low Carbon HCMC at a Glance 2. Policy context of the Low Carbon HCMC 3. Long-term scenarios towards Low Carbon HCMC (Detail of countermeasures) 4. Important tables and figures extracted from the detailed report This part will be discussed with HCMC CCB, related departments/organizations, Osaka City and so on. (Example from Low Carbon Kyoto) 4. Low Carbon HCMC 9 Current activity 10 Image of expected outputs (2) Tables of potential reduction countermeasures Household sector Collecting and organizing necessary information Table of content of Background information report (Example from Low Carbon Kyoto) Similar tables for commercial, industrial, passenger transport, freight transport and waste. 3.2 Economic information 3.3 Passenger transport 3.4 Freight transport 3.5 Residential and commercial 3.6 Industry 3.7 Energy 3.8 Agriculture and Fishery 3.9 Waste 3.10 LULUCF 3.11 Technology 3.12 Mitigation countermeasures Discussion points The necessary direct and frank discussion points are: - Identification and relationship with related development programs by HCMC and national government 11 Thank you very much for your attention - Framing of structure and scopes of Low Carbon Policies for HCMC - Compiling necessary information - Long-term collaboration scheme, especially from a view point of research institution Xin chân thành c m ơn! - International networking and alliance scheme of Asian LCC development AIM team July,

241 Example of Low Carbon Iskandar Malaysia Appendix: AIM experience (1) Low Carbon Policies/Actions: Bundling potential measures to Policies/Actions 13 Appendix: AIM experience (2) Example of Low Carbon Iskandar Malaysia Low Carbon Projects : Initiating projects based on policies 14 (Example of Low Carbon Iskandar) -12-

242 Suggestions for Structure & Contents for HCMC Climate Change Action Plan The purpose of this paper is to share Osaka side s suggested ideas for structure/contents for HCMC Climate Change Action Plan (CCAP) with HCMC CCB and relevant Departments/Authorities. Having reviewed the 1 st draft of CCAP we received in May, we would like to make the following suggestions to the structure/contents of CCAP based on our experiences and expertise. A) Include the contents as follows past activities for climate change mitigation and adaptation measures (new chapter 4) Reason of inclusion: HCMC already has their CCAP 2015 and updated version CCAP should reflect its contents and progress. current situations and future prospects of GHG emissions (new chapter 5) Reason of inclusion: CCAP should touch upon the status-quo and future perspective, in order to show the process to achieve new CCAP objectives. targets for Action Plan (short-/med-/long-terms) (new chapter 6) Reason of inclusion: CCAP targets should be clearly described, including target year(s) (short-/mid-/long-term). B) Change the structure as follows Incorporate Chapter 1 & 2 into one chapter Reason of change: The purpose and need of CCAP becomes more explicit in a comprehensive Introduction section. Divide Chapter 3 into two chapters Reason of change: The two components (legal background & upper-level plans as premises for considering future prospects) become more explicit Add three chapters to include our suggested contents described above under A) Divide Chapter 4 into two chapters to describe mitigation and adaptation measures on a sectoral basis and on a regional basis in separate chapters Reason of change: The two contents (mitigation and adaptation measures on a sectoral basis, and measures on a regional basis) should be described in separate chapters respectively to make the contents more clearly understandable. Incorporate Chapter 5 & 6 into one chapter to assemble all important issues, including financial resources Comparison of proposed CCAP structures by HCMC and Osaka side Proposal by HCMC CCB Proposed suggestions from Osaka 1.HO CHI MINH CITY 1.INTRODUCTION 2.FUNDAMENTAL DEFINITONS 2.LEGAL FRAMEWORK & POLICY AND CONCEPTS OF CLIMATE AND IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD CHANGE 3.LEGAL BASIS 3.PREMISES FOR ACTION PLAN 4.IMPLEMENTATION METHODS 4.PAST ACTIVITIES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION MEASURES 5.BUDGET AND IMPLEMENTATION 5.CURRENT SITUATIONS AND PLAN FUTURE PROSPECTS OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS 6.RELEVANT ISSUES 6.TARGETS FOR ACTION PLAN 7.CONCLUSION 7.MEASURS TO ACHIEVE TARGETS 8.MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION MEASURES IN SPECIFIC REGIONS 9.IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTION PLAN On the right side of this page, a comparison of proposed CCAP structures by HCMC and Osaka side is shown

243 1. Introduction Describe the current situation of climate change and the need for climate change countermeasures as background for the development of Action Plan Describe the purpose of developing Action Plan 2. Legal Framework & Policy and Implementation Period 2.1 Legal Framework Describe national policies and legal bases for Climate Change Action Plan 2.2 Implementation Period Describe the target implementation period and concepts behind it 3. Premises for Action Plan Describe future population growth, development plans, land use planning, and other related plans that a future forecast for GHG emissions and Action Plan are based on 4. Past Activities for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Measures 4.1 Progress Status for the existing measures (projects/programs) Organize and describe the progress status of projects (programs) listed in Action Plan for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Towards 2015 ( Action Plan 2015 ) Also organize and describe projects (programs) that are not listed in Action Plan 2015 but already implemented by HCMC For those projects (programs) that are not yet implemented as planned, describe reasons for not being implemented 4.2 Issues and Challenges for the Implementation of Measures Based on 4.1 (progress status for the existing measures), describe issues for implementing those measures 5. Current Situations and Future Prospects of Greenhouse Gas Emissions 5.1 Current Situations Estimate current GHG emissions and organize emission amounts by sector, GHG type, and emission source 5.2 Future Prospects Estimate future GHG emissions at each targeted year and describe future prospects for GHG emissions 6. Targets for Action Plan Based on 5 (current situations and future prospects of greenhouse gas emissions), set GHG emission reduction targets for the short- (2020), med- (2030), and long-terms (post-2030). 6.1 Short-term Targets (2020) 6.2 Med-term Targets (2030) 6.3 Long-term Targets (post-2030) 7. Measures to Achieve Targets Make a list of mitigation (and adaptation) measures to achieve GHG emission reduction For each measure, describe the followings Title Summary Target area Expected effects (benefits) by implementing the measure Leading agency Implementation period Categorize mitigation (and adaptation) measures by following sectors 7.1 Energy 7.2 Transportation 7.3 Industry 7.4 Water Resource and Management 7.5 Waster Management 7.6 Agriculture 7.7 Land Use 7.8 Healthcare 8. Mitigation and Adaptation Measures in Specific Regions Reorganize mitigation (and adaptation) measures in 7 (measures to achieve targets in each sector) into 6 regions (urban central area, 4 satellite regions, rural area) For each region, describe regional characteristics and enforcement policies in addition to the list of measures In addition to 6 regions, illustrate application of selected measures in priority areas (e.g. District 4, and Nha Be) 9. Implementation of Action Plan 9.1 Finance Resources Describe ways and means to secure financial resources to implement measures 9.2 Progress Management Illustrate implementation periods and methods at each stage of PDCA as the progress management 9.3 Implementation Structure Illustrate the implementation structure, including public-private cooperation with each sector`s role, and intercity cooperation between HCMC and Osaka City 2-14-

244 HCMC CLIMATE CHANGE BUREAU HO CHI MINH CITY CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN IN PERIOD HCMC, 7/2014 GENERAL INFORMATION Area: 2,093.7 km² Population: 7,162,864 (2009) - 70% under 35 y.o Density: 3,419 persons/km² Forestry area: 37,000 ha, centralise in Can Gio Ditrict (Can Gio Mangroves are recognized as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve World in 2000) Total length of rivers and canals network : km ACTION PLAN Climate change action plan of HCMC towards 2015 was approved by HCMC People s Committee on Feb This plan aims to develop programs to respond to climate change and to propose solutions for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This will be a commitment to reduce emissions and to be a Green city of Ho Chi Minh City for the government and the world. RESPONSIBILITIES & RESOLUTIONS 1. To assess the extent and impact of climate change in HCMC 2. To identify measures to respond to climate change 3. To build science and technology program on climate change 4. To enhance institutional capacity, institutional and policy on climate change 5. To enhance awareness and capacity 6. To enhance international cooperation PRIMARY RESULTS CCAP 7. To integrate climate change issues into strategies, programs, planning and socio-economic development PLANNING ENERGY SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AGRICULTURE WATER MANAGEMENT AWARENESS 8. To develop action plans for each sector to respond to climate change 9. To implement priority projects -15-

245 CCAP DEVELOPMENT CYCLE REGIONAL CCAP To develop an action plan for each stage Research Development of CCAP Assessment Closed & continuous cycle Implementation Audit LEGAL BASIS Decision No.1474/QĐ-TTg dated 10/05/2012 of Minister about publishing Climate Change Action Plan for the period Resolution No. 24-NQ/TW the 7th Conference of the Central Executive Committee of the XIth actively respond to climate change, enhance resource management and environmental protection Resolution No. 08/NQ-CP dated issued by the Government on implementation of the action program Resolution 24-NQ/TW the 7th Conference of the Central Executive Committee of the initiative XI response to climate change, enhance resource management and environmental protection Action Plan of the City Commission 34-CTrHD/TU on the implementation of Resolution No. 24-NQ/TW of the Party Central Committee XI to actively respond to climate change, strengthen financial management Resources and environmental Protection The master plan of Ho Chi Minh City in 2025 by the Prime Minister approved the Decision dated 06/01/ /QD-TTg; /QD-UBND dated Decision of the Municipal People's Committee approving action plan to respond to climate change in the area of Ho Chi Minh City to 2015 period; Framework Plan guides action in response to climate change of the industry, together with the local dispatch dated 13/10/ /BTNMT-KTTVBDKH Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment; Document dated 19/03/ /VP-DTMT of the municipal People's Committee for approval Affairs Natural Resources and Environment Action Plan for the city of Ho Chi Minh. OBJECTIVES (1) the assessment of climate change impacts on various regions, (2) the status quo of infrastructure, (3) vulnerabilities of various regions, (4) climate change responding capacity of each region to step by step fulfil the specified CCAP that is possible to apply for climate change responding actions in each period from shortterm to long-term. SCOPE Central urban region (existing 13 central districts): focusing on urban development. Eastern urban region (District 2, 9 and Thu Duc District with total area of 211 km 2 and the center is Thu Thiem): focusing on developing key high-classed service industry and hi-tech industry. Southern urban region (District 7, Nha Be District and a part of District 8 southern area of Te Canal, and Binh Chanh District, area 194 km 2 ): develop port services and commercial services. SCOPE Northern urban region (District 12 and most of Hoc Mon District, area 149 km 2 ): develop ecological service industry integrating hi-tech agriculture. Western urban region (Binh Tan District, a part of District 8 and Binh Chanh District, area 191 km 2 ): develop service industry and industrial zones. Agricultural region (a part of District 8, Cu Chi and Can Gio Districts): develop agriculture, ecological and biosphere reservation areas. -16-

246 METHOD Assess current situation and determine scenarios of socioeconomic development Assess the impact of climate change and vulnerability Assess the risk of damage due to the impact of climate change Assess the capacity to adapt to climate change risks and to reduce vulnerability Propose adaptation and mitigation measures Evaluate, select and rank measures of adaptation and mitigation in order of priority CONTENT 1. Assessment of current situation and determination of socio-economic development scenarios - Survey and collect information of regions about nature, socio-economy, culture, environment - Strategy, planning, programs and regional development plans in 2020, vision to 2030 CONTENT 2. Assessment of climate change s impacts - Building systems of criteria and evaluation standards - Identify the economic, societal sectors that affected by climate change and the prioritization (spatial and time context) - Assess the impacts of climate change and vulnerability in periods ( and ) - Listing, evaluate lacking infrastructure, programs of HCMC. CONTENT 3. Identification of action plan - Establish methods to identify climate change reponding solutions in HCMC - Establish methods to identify reponding demands in each industry/sector/region in HCMC - Establish criteria and coefficient framework for identifying responding solutions - Establish the assessment methods, select the priority solutions. - Apply to methods CIP (Capital Investment Planning) of the World Bank (WB) to facilities and infrastructure assessment for the Action Plan for climate change adaptation and mitigation in HCMC. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN - Establishment and funding of plans : 3/2014-7/ Survey: 7/ / Assessment of climate change s impacts : 12/2014-3/ Development of action plan: 3/2015-9/ Approval: 9/2015 THANK YOU FOR YOUR LISTENING -17-

247 DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT HO CHI MINH CITY CLIMATE CHANGE BUREAU CONTENT I. THE COOPERATION PROGRAM WITH ROTTERDAM CITY II. INTRODUCTION OF DISTRICT 4 III. INTEGRATE CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUE IN DISTRICT 4 July Osaka city 2 Osaka city COOPERATION PROGRAM WITH ROTTERDAM CITY IMPLEMENTATION OF CAS Name: Ho Chi Minh city Moving Toward the Sea Adaptation with Climate Change Time: 12/ /2013 Objective: Develop Climate Adaptation Strategy with specific recommendations in city and port development towards the sea in the context of climate change Results: 1. The Atlas 2. Climate Adaptation Strategy for Ho Chi Minh City (CAS) 3.The Action Plan for CAS 3 Osaka city Osaka city DISTRICT 4 INTEGRATING CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUE Inner district of HCM city Area: ha (smallest among 24 districts) Population: 184,114 Density: 44,141 ppl/km 2 (second highest) Covered by Saigon River and canals Economic structure: Trade Service, Industry - Handicraft Industry. Rotterdam??? Planning Water Management Energy Transportation Health care Waste Management 5 Osaka city 6 Osaka city -18-

248 THANK YOU! 6 strategic directions Unique climate proof Delta city Soil and water conditions are leading Stepwise approach for flood protection Re-design drainage system, create water storage Flood protection and reduction of salinization nuisance Reduce subsidence Strengthen the blue-green network Osaka city Osaka city -19-

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250 2. 2nd Working Group Meeting -21-

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252 Kh o sát h tr phát tri n thành ph phát th i các-bon th p h p tác gi a TP H Chính Minh và TP Osaka Năm tài khóa 2014 H p nhóm công tác chuyên đ l n th 2 V vi c xây d ng K ho ch hành đ ng ng phó v i bi n đ i khí h u TP H Chí Minh giai đo n Ngày 21 tháng 8 năm 2014 Trung tâm Môi trư ng Toàn c u (GEC) No.1 1 D án h tr phát tri n thành ph phát th i các-bon th p h p tác gi a TP H Chí Minh và TP Osaka TP H Chí Minh TP H Chí Minh là thành ph có quy mô dân s và kinh t l n nh t Vi t Nam Nguy cơ gia tăng khí nhà kính và áp l c môi trư ng do đô th hóa và tăng trư ng kinh t nhanh H tr c a B Môi trư ng Nh t B n Ký k t Cơ ch tín ch chung (JCM) song phương Nh t B n-vi t Nam (7/2013) Đư c l a ch n vào Chương trình nghiên c u kh thi hình thành các d án JCM quy mô l n (2013-) H tr c a TP Osaka Th trư ng và Ch t ch UBND ã ký Biên b n ghi nh v vi c phát tri n thành ph phát th i các-bon th p gi a TP HCM và TP Osaka (10/2013) Phát tri n thành ph phát th i các-bon th p TP H Chí Minh thông qua vi c tri n khai tích c c các n i dung c a b n ghi nh 2 M c đích c a d án Cung c p, h tr m t cách h th ng các công ngh môi trư ng và cơ ch qu n lý nhà nư c v môi trư ng tiên ti n c a Nh t B n, Osaka Xác l p các cơ ch đi u hành, duy trì, qu n lý như xây d ng K ho ch hành đ ng ng phó v i BĐKH hay đào t o ngu n nhân l c, coi đó là c t lõi c a vi c phát tri n thành ph phát th i các-bon th p trong dài h n Tranh th các ngu n v n quan tr ng theo cơ ch tín ch chung JCM (Joint Crediting Mechanism) nh m ng d ng, chuy n giao các công ngh s ch (phát th i các-bon th p) cho TP H Chí Minh TP HCM Doanh nghi p TP Osaka H p tác GEC công tư X lý ch t th i r n phù h p Lên men, s d ng khí mê-tan t rác h u cơ, áp d ng công ngh phát đi n t rác Hoàn thi n h th ng c p thoát nư c X lý n c th i hi u su t cao, ki m soát quá trình c p n c C i thi n hi u qu s d ng năng lư ng Thúc đ y giao thông công c ng Thành ph thông minh ít các-bon Áp d ng h th ng Park-and-Ride, khuy n khích s d ng xe buýt b ng cơ ch ecopoint Áp d ng m t cách t ng h p các công ngh ti t ki m năng lư ng cho công trình ki n trúc, xây d ng h th ng cung c p năng lư ng theo khu v c C i thi n hi u qu s d ng nhiên li u c a phương ti n Khuy n khích lái xe thân thi n môi trư ng đ i v i xe ch hang, nâng cao hi u qu chuyên ch, giao nh n hàng hóa 3 D án c a Team Osaka Hình thành 2 d án h tr thi t b JCM t FS th c hi n n m ngoái (B Môi trư ng h tr 50% chi phí đ u tư ban đ u) Công ngh phát th i th p s đư c tri n khai t i TP H Chí Minh. 1.Lên men và s d ng khí mê-tan t rác h u c t i ch u m i Bình i n Phía Vi t Nam: SATRA; Phía Nh t B n: Công ty Hitachi Zosen T ng v n d án:7 tri u USD; Th i gian xây d ng: t Lư ng CO2 c t gi m:3.355t/năm 2.D án lái xe thân thi n v i môi tr ng s d ng thi t b giám sát hành trình k thu t s (TP HCM và Hà N i) Phía Vi t Nam: Công ty Nittsu Vi t Nam; Phía Nh t B n: Công ty Nittsu T ng v n d án: 1 tri u USD ( ): Lư ng CO2 c t gi m: 315t/năm ( ) C ng g p c TP HCM và Hà N i M r ng d án c a Team Osaka Th c hi n FS cho các d án h tr thi t b JCM trong năm nay Tìm ki m nh ng d án m i FS ng d ng công ngh TKNL cho công trình xây d ng Phía Vi t Nam: Sun Wah Tower; Phía Nh t B n: Công ty xây d ng Shimizu T ng v n đ u tư: 3 tri u USD (d ki n) FS Khuy n khích s d ng xe buýt v i h th ng Park-and-Ride và Ecopoint k t h p v i trung tâm thương m i (Aeon cơ s 1) Phía Vi t Nam: S GTVT (d ki n) Phía Nh t B n: VNC Nikken Sekkei T ng v n: 1 tri u USD (d ki n) FS Phát i n t rác theo mô hình t ng h p t i TP H Chí Minh Phía Vi t Nam: Vietstar; Phía Nh t B n: Công ty Hitachi Zosen T ng v n đ u tư: 60 tri u USD (d ki n) M c đích c a nhóm công tác Chia s thông tin v ti n đ xây d ng K ho ch hành đ ng ng phó v i bi n đ i khí h u TP H Chí Minh giai đo n (HCMC CCAP ) Th o lu n v n i dung đ c p trong HCMC CCAP Th o lu n v các bi n pháp, d án c th liên quan đ n HCMC CCAP Th o lu n v d báo lư ng phát th i khí nhà kính 6-23-

253 Th i gian Ch ng trình N i dung 8:30 1.Khai m c Phát bi u khai m c (Ông Ki t, Giám đ c S TNMT TP H Chí Minh) Phát bi u c a khách m i (Ông Kitagawa, Th trư ng B Môi trư ng Nh t B n) Ch ng trình Th i gian N i dung 13:30 5.V d báo lư ng phát th i khí nhà kính (IGES NIES) 8:50 2.Khái quát n i dung cu c h p (Team Osaka) 9:00 3.V ti n đ c a K ho ch hành đ ng ng phó v i bi n đ i khí h u TP H Chí Minh giai đo n (HCCB) 9:40 4.V các bi n pháp, d án c th liên quan đ n K ho ch hành đ ng ng phó v i bi n đ i khí h u TP H Chí Minh giai đo n (HCCB) 10:30 Ch p hình l u ni m 10:40 Ngh gi a gi 11:00 4(ti p). 4.V các bi n pháp, d án c th liên quan đ n K ho ch hành đ ng ng phó v i bi n đ i khí h u TP H Chí Minh giai đo n (HCCB) 14:30 6.V Chương 7 Các bi n pháp, d án nh m đ t m c tiêu trong K ho ch hành đ ng (HCCB Team Osaka) 15:20 7.V k t qu th o lu n c a cu c h p nhóm công tác (HCCB Team Osaka) 15:30 8.B m c 12:00 Ăn trưa

254 N I DUNG TRÌNH BÀY S TÀI NGUYÊN VÀ MÔI TRƯ NG V N PHÒNG BI N I KHÍ H U 1 S c n thi t K HO CH HÀNH Đ NG NG PHÓ BI N Đ I KHÍ H U GIAI ĐO N CHO TP.HCM Đ ÁN M c tiêu Ph m vi Phương pháp Chi n lư c Quy ho ch phát tri n K ho ch, đ án 8 Đánh giá 10 linh v c Thành ph H Chí Minh Tháng 8 năm 2014 S C N THI T M C TIÊU CHUNG Theo yêu c u c a Trung ương T nhu c u th c ti n c a thành ph Xây d ng và hoàn thi n t ng bư c KHHĐ c th có tính kh thi đ ng phó BĐKH cho t ng giai đo n ng n h n và dài h n, nh m xây d ng thành ph phát th i các bon th p, tăng trư ng xanh. Thu n l i trong h p tác, kêu g i đ u tư, chuy n giao công ngh Phân chia thành các vùng có đ c đi m t nhiên và đ c đi m KT-VH-XH tương đ ng KHHĐ ng phó v i BĐKH cho t ng vùng Đ m b o s phát tri n b n v ng c a thành ph, th c hi n và t n d ng các cơ h i phát tri n n n kinh t theo hư ng tiêu th năng lư ng m t cách hi u qu nh t trong n l c tham gia cùng c ng đ ng qu c t gi m nh BĐKH, b o v s t n t i c a con ngư i cùng các sinh v t s ng trên trái đ t. M C TIÊU C TH Tùy thu c vào đ c đi m t nhiên, phát tri n kinh t - xã h i c a t ng vùng, m c tiêu s t p trung vào m ng thích ng (adaptation) ho c gi m thi u (mitigation) c th như sau: Đánh giá m c đ tác đ ng c a bi n đ i khí h u, trên cơ s kinh t - xã h i và cơ s h t ng, đ n 6 vùng phát tri n Thành ph (1 thành ph lõi, 4 thành ph v tinh và vùng nông thôn) theo đ nh hư ng m i v phân chia qu n lý đô th. Đ xu t các gi i pháp ng phó cho 6 vùng phát tri n Thành ph (1 thành ph lõi, 4 thành ph v tinh và vùng nông thôn) theo đ c trưng c a t ng vùng, đ m b o phát tri n kinh t - xã h i vùng theo hư ng tăng trư ng xanh, phát th i các bon th p. PH M VI Ph m vi đ a lý: toàn b đ a bàn 24 qu n huy n c a TP.HCM, d ki n chia thành các vùng như sau: Khu đô th lõi (13 qu n n i thành hi n h u): Vùng phát tri n đô th Khu đô th Đông (g m qu n 2, 9 và Th Đ c v i di n tích 211 ha v i trung tâm là khu đô th m i Th Thiêm): Phát tri n kinh t tr ng đi m các ngành d ch v cao c p và công ngh k thu t cao -25-

255 PH M VI PH M VI Khu đô th Nam (g m qu n 7, huy n Nhà Bè và m t ph n di n tích qu n 8 (ph n phía nam kênh T ) và huy n Bình Chánh v i di n tích 194 ha): Phát tri n kinh t theo xu hư ng phát tri n các d ch v c ng và d ch v thương m i Khu đô th Tây (g m qu n Bình Tân, m t ph n di n tích qu n 8 và huy n Bình Chánh v i di n tích 191 ha): Tr ng đi m Phát tri n các ngành d ch v, khu công nghi p. Khu đô th B c (g m qu n 12 và ph n l n huy n Hóc Môn v i di n tích 149 ha): Phát tri n kinh t tr ng đi m các ngành d ch v sinh thái g n li n v i nông nghi p k thu t cao. Khu nông thôn (m t ph n qu n 8, C Chi, C n Gi ): vùng phát tri n nông nghi p, sinh thái và khu d tr sinh quy n. PHƯƠNG PHÁP 1. Đánh giá hi n tr ng và xác đ nh các k ch b n phát tri n kinh t xã h i: phương pháp kh o sát thu th p s li u, xây d ng tiêu chí/tiêu chu n đánh giá 2. Đánh giá tác đ ng c a bi n đ i khí h u và d b t n thương, Đánh giá các nguy cơ thi t h i do tác đ ng c a bi n đ i khí h u: (impact assessment) checklist, MRV (đ nh tính và đ nh lư ng) 3. Đánh giá năng l c đ thích ng v i nh ng r i ro bi n đ i khí h u và gi m thi u tính d t n thương 4. Đ xu t gi i pháp thích ng và gi m thi u: selfassessment, CIP 5. Đánh giá, l a ch n và x p h ng các bi n pháp thích ng và gi m thi u theo th t ưu tiên: xây d ng tiêu chí, tr ng s và CIP PHƯƠNG PHÁP Kh o sát, đi u tra s li u hi n tr ng t nhiên kinh t xã h i văn hóa môi trư ng Đi u ki n t nhiên Hi n tr ng tài nguyên Th c tr ng phát tri n cơ s h t ng Tình hình kinh t - xã h i Hi n tr ng môi trư ng PHƯƠNG PHÁP Thu th p Chi n l c, quy ho ch, ch ng trình và k ho ch phát tri n vùng n n m 2020, t m nhìn 2030 a. Các chi n lư c (qu c gia, vùng, thành ph ) b. Các qui ho ch phát tri n (t ng th và chuyên ngành) + Qui ho ch phát tri n qu c gia + Qui ho ch phát tri n vùng + Qui ho ch phát tri n thành ph c. Các ch ng trình và k ho ch phát tri n + Các ch ng trình phát tri n + Các k ho ch phát tri n d. Các văn b n pháp lu t liên quan (n u có) CHI N LƯ C Kinh t - Xã h i - Ngh quy t 10/NQ-CP v ban hành Chương trình hành đ ng c a Chính ph tri n khai th c hi n Chi n lư c phát tri n KT- XH và Phương hư ng,nhi m v phát tri n đ t nư c 5 năm Chi n lư c phát tri n b n v ng giai đo n ; - Chi n lư c qu c gia v tăng trư ng xanh. Qu n lý nư c - Chi n lư c qu c gia v c p nư c s ch và v sinh nông thôn đ n năm 2020; - Chi n lư c qu c gia v tài nguyên nư c đ n năm 2020; - Chi n lư c khai thác, s d ng b n v ng tài nguyên và b o v môi trư ng bi n. -26-

256 CHI N LƯ C Giao thông - Đi u ch nh Chi n lư c phát tri n giao thông v n t i Vi t Nam đ n năm 2020, t m nhìn đ n 2030; - Chi n lư c b o đ m tr t t an toàn giao thông đư ng b qu c gia đ n năm 2020 và t m nhìn đ n Năng lư ng - Chi n lư c phát tri n năng lư ng Qu c gia c a Vi t Nam đ n năm 2020, t m nhìn Ch t th i r n - Chi n lư c qu c gia v qu n lý t ng h p ch t th i r n đ n năm 2025, t m nhìn đ n năm 2050 CHI N LƯ C Nông nghi p - Chi n lư c phát tri n chăn nuôi đ n năm 2020; - Chi n lư c toàn di n v tăng trư ng và xoá đói gi m nghèo; - Đ nh hư ng Chi n lư c Phát tri n thu l i Vi t Nam; - Chi n lư c phát tri n lâm nghi p Vi t Nam giai đo n ; - Chi n lư c phát tri n thu s n Vi t Nam đ n năm 2020; - Chi n lư c phát tri n nông nghi p, nông thôn giai đo n ; CHI N LƯ C QUY HO CH PHÁT TRI N VÙNG Công nghi p - Chi n lư c phát tri n các ngành công nghi p áp d ng công ngh cao đ n năm Khác - Chi n l c qu c gia v phòng, ch ng và gi m nh thiên tai đ n năm 2020; - Chi n lư c qu c gia v bi n đ i khí h u. Quy ho ch t ng th phát tri n kinh t - xã h i vùng ông Nam B đ n năm 2020; Quy ho ch xây d ng vùng thành ph H Chí Minh đ n n m 2020 và t m nhìn n n m 2050; Quy ho ch s d ng đ t đ n năm 2020 và k ho ch s d ng đ t 5 năm ( ) c p qu c gia; Quy ho ch t ng th phát tri n các ngành công nghi p Vi t Nam theo các vùng lãnh th n n m 2010, t m nhìn n n m 2020 ; Quy ho ch phát tri n công nghi p vùng Đông Nam B n n m 2020, t m nhìn n n m 2030; Quy ho ch phát tri n v n t i bi n Vi t Nam đ n năm 2020 và đ nh hư ng đ n năm 2030; QUY HO CH PHÁT TRI N VÙNG Quy ho ch phát tri n h th ng c ng bi n Vi t Nam đ n năm 2020, đ nh hư ng đ n 2030; Quy ho ch t ng th phát tri n giao thông v n t i đư ng th y n i đ a Vi t Nam đ n năm 2020 và đ nh hư ng đ n năm 2030; Đi u ch nh quy ho ch t ng th phát tri n giao thông v n t i đư ng th y n i đ a Vi t Nam đ n năm 2020 và đ nh hư ng đ n năm 2030; Quy ho ch chi ti t h th ng C ng đư ng th y n i đ a khu v c phía Nam đ n năm 2020 và đ nh hư ng đ n năm 2030; Quy ho ch phát tri n h th ng C ng bi n Vi t Nam đ n năm 2020, đ nh hư ng đ n năm 2030; Quy ho ch phát tri n vi n thông qu c gia đ n năm QUY HO CH PHÁT TRI N TP.HCM Quy ho ch t ng th phát tri n kinh t - xã h i Thành ph H Chí Minh n n m 2020, t m nhìn n n m 2025; Đi u ch nh quy ho ch chung xây d ng Thành ph H Chí Minh đ n năm 2025 Quy ho ch s d ng đ t đ n năm 2020 và k ho ch s d ng đ t 5 năm k đ u ( ) c a Thành ph H Chí Minh; Quy ho ch c p nư c Thành ph H Chí Minh đ n năm 2025; Quy ho ch t ng th h th ng thoát nư c Thành ph H Chí Minh đ n năm 2020; Quy ho ch th y l i ch ng ng p úng khu v c Thành ph H Chí Minh; Đi u ch nh Quy ho ch phát tri n Giao thông V n t i Thành ph H Chí Minh n n m 2020 và t m nhìn sau n m 2020; Quy ho ch phát tri n đi n l c thành ph H Chí Minh giai đo n có xét đ n 2020; Quy ho ch phát tri n ngành y t TPHCM đ n năm 2020 và t m nhìn n n m

257 QUY HO CH PHÁT TRI N TP.HCM Quy ho ch m ng lư i trư ng h c ngành giáo d c và đào t o thành ph đ n năm 2020; Quy ho ch m ng lư i cơ s v t ch t ngành y t thành ph H Chí Minh đ n năm Quy ho ch đ nh hư ng phát tri n h th ng ch -siêu th - trung tâm thương m i trên đ a bàn thành ph H Chí Minh giai đo n , t m nhìn 2020; Quy ho ch m ng lư i đư ng th y và c ng, b n khu v c thành ph H Chí Minh đ n năm 2020; Quy ho ch h th ng c a hàng xăng d u trên đ a bàn thành ph giai đo n , đ nh hư ng đ n năm 2020; Quy đ nh v qu n lý vi c san l p và xây d ng công trình trên sông, kênh, r ch, đ m, h công c ng thu c đ a bàn thành ph H Chí Minh. K HO CH, Đ ÁN Ch ng trình h tr chuy n d ch kinh t, chuy n i mô hình t ng tr ng kinh t thành ph giai o n ; Ch ng trình, gi m ùn t c giao thông giai o n ; Ch ng trình gi m ng p n c giai o n ; Ch ng trình gi m ô nhi m môi tr ng giai o n ; Đ án tr ng r ng và cây xanh thành ph giai đo n , đ nh hư ng đ n năm 2020; Đ án quy ho ch chi ti t xây d ng đô th t l 1/2.000 (quy ho ch phân khu) khu trung tâm hi n h u thành ph H Chí Minh (930 ha). ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C 1. Đánh giá tác đ ng c a bi n đ i khí h u và d b t n thương, Đánh giá các nguy cơ thi t h i do tác đ ng c a bi n đ i khí h u: (impact assessment) checklist, MRV (đ nh tính và đ nh lư ng) 2. Đánh giá năng l c đ thích ng v i nh ng r i ro bi n đ i khí h u và gi m thi u tính d t n thương 3. Đ xu t gi i pháp thích ng và gi m thi u: selfassessment, CIP 4. Đánh giá, l a ch n và x p h ng các bi n pháp thích ng và gi m thi u theo th t ưu tiên: xây d ng tiêu chí, tr ng s và CIP ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Quy ho ch s d ng đ t Các gi i pháp thích nghi v i bi n đ i khí h u - Ti p t c b o t n các r ng ng p m n C n Gi ; - Phát tri n đô th khu v c n i thành theo đ nh hư ng đô th nén (tăng m t đ dân s ); - Đưa các gi i pháp thông gió t nhiên vào trong quá trình l p quy ho ch; - H n ch phát tri n khu dân cư các khu v c có r i ro ng p cao; - Gìn gi và m r ng nh ng vùng đ m xanh và các không gian m d c sông, kênh r ch; ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Quy ho ch s d ng đ t Các gi i pháp thích nghi v i bi n đ i khí h u - Nghiêm c m vi c san l p kênh r ch; - T i các khu dân cư m i, các khu đô th b t bu c các nhà đ u tư ph i xây d ng h đi u ti t nư c; - Phát tri n nhi u m ng xanh l n t i nh ng vùng đ t th p và t n d ng t i đa nh ng ph n đ t tr ng đ t o m ng xanh cho đô th. ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Nư c c p Quy trình sx nư c c p -28-

258 ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 L NH V C Nư c c p Ngu n phát sinh khí gây hi u ng nhà kính Lư ng đi n năng s d ng t i tr m bơm c p 1, các công trình x lý nư c, tr m bơm c p 2 Lư ng hóa ch t s d ng t i các công trình x lý nư c phèn (Al ho c Fe), ki m (vôi), ch t kh trùng (chlorine), Flouride) Lư ng bùn th i phát sinh t quá trình x lý nư c c p Lư ng nư c c p b th t thoát trên m ng lư i (quá trình cung c p) ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Nư c c p Các nh hư ng c a bi n đ i khí h u Ch t lư ng ngu n nư c b suy gi m (do nhi t đ tăng, xâm nh p m n, ng p l t đưa các ch t ô nhi m vào ngu n nư c, ) Tăng nguy cơ bi n d ng nhi t các đư ng ng Nguy c ng p l t các nhà máy x lý, công trình thu nư c Các gi i pháp gi m nh bi n đ i khí h u Gi m h s th t thoát nư c trên m ng lư i Thu gom và s d ng nư c mưa ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Nư c c p Các gi i pháp thích nghi bi n đ i khí h u Gi m lư ng khai thác nư c ng m; l p các gi ng nư c ng m không còn s d ng Quy ho ch, phân vùng khai thác n c ng m h p lý Áp d ng các bi n pháp b c p nư c ng m Ph i h p v i các n v qu n lý h D u Ti ng, h Tr An xây d ng ch đ v n hành phù h p đ x nư c đ y m n Xây d ng h th ng quan tr c (online) đ đ m b o c nh báo s m Xây d ng và hoàn thi n các gi i pháp ti t ki m nư c t t c các l nh v c (sinh ho t, nhà hàng khách s n, h th ng tư i tiêu, thay đ i công ngh s n xu t, v.v ) ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Nư c c p - Di d i các đi m l y nư c lên thư ng ngu n, nghiên c u phương án n i ng đ s d ng ngu n nư c h D u Ti ng, h Tr An - C i t o, thay th các tuy n ng truy n t i t i nh ng v trí có th b tác đ ng khi m c nư c bi n dâng - Nghiên c u xây d ng h d tr nư c thô và ti n x lý - Xây d ng các công trình ngăn m n phía h lưu sông Sài Gòn, Đ ng Nai - Tái s d ng lư ng nư c sau x lý t i các nhà máy x lý nư c th i ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Nư c th i Các nh hư ng c a bi n đ i khí h u - Mưa l n b t thư ng làm tăng lư ng nư c th i gây quá t i m ng lư i đư ng ng - Tri u cư ng cao gây c n tr h th ng thoát nư c, đ c bi t khi đ nh tri u cao hơn c a x - Gây quá t i t i các công trình x lý n c th i Các gi i pháp gi m nh và thích nghi bi n đ i khí h u - Thu gom và s d ng nư c mưa - Tăng cư ng các m ng xanh đô th - Xây d ng các nhà máy x lý n c th i sinh ho t và tái s d ng l ng n c sau x lý ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Nư c th i - Phát tri n b n đ nguy cơ ng p l t và tiêu chu n nguy cơ ng p l t - Xây d ng và áp d ng quy ch th c thi các tiêu chu n thoát nư c và tr nư c - N o vét, khơi thông dòng ch y kênh r ch - T i các khu đô th m i, trư c m t xây d ng h th ng thoát nư c riêng, trong quá trình xây d ng đô th ph i dành đ t đ xây d ng h th ng c ng riêng khi đi u ki n cho phép - Xây d ng h đi u hòa t i ch - Xây d ng các công trình đê bao, c ng ngăn tri u -29-

259 ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 L NH V C ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 L NH V C CTRSH T ng lư ng CTR phát sinh: t n/ngày Trong đó, lư ng CTR lên BCL: t n/ngày Có 7 ngu n phát sinh CTRSH tp H Chí Minh CTRSH Lưu tr t i ngu n THU GOM Thu gom Thu gom door-to-door TTC V n chuy n Nơi x lý CTRSH Xe đ y tay 660L + Khu v c dân cư + Khu v c cơ quan Xe ba gác máy + Khu v c thương m i + Khu v c khách s n, nhà ngh + Khu v c công c ng + Khu v c s n xu t Thu gom ngu n t p trung (Ch, TM&DV) Xe lam Xe t i nh 0,5T + Khu v c chăm sóc s c kh e c ng đ ng Thu gom đư ng ph Xe ép rác ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C CTRSH Máy ép rác ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C CTRSH TR M TRUNG CHUY N Các xe thu gom V N CHUY N TTC không có thi t b ép Các xe v n chuy n Nư c r rác V n chuy n t tr m trung chuy n đ n khu x lý CTRSH V n chuy n tr c ti p đ n khu x lý CTRSH Tr m ép rác kín H th ng c p nư c H th ng thoát nư c H th ng x lý khí th i Đi n s d ng ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 L NH V C ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C CTRSH Bãi chôn l p Xe v n chuy n Xây d ng X LÝ CTRSH Compost Đ t Xe ch s n ph m đi tiêu th Khí sinh ra Nư c r rác H th ng c p nư c Ngu n phát sinh khí gây hi u ng nhà kính - Tiêu th năng lư ng (ho t đ ng); - V t li u xây d ng (s n xu t và v n chuy n); - Off road (công trư ng xây d ng); - Tiêu th nư c; - Thoát nư c; - Qu n lý ch t th i r n và bùn th i; Tái ch H th ng thoát nư c Đi n tiêu th -30-

260 ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 L NH V C Xây d ng Các nh hư ng c a bi n đ i khí h u - Nhà c a và công trình xây d ng; - Cơ s h t ng: c u, đư ng, h th ng c p thoát nư c, Các gi i pháp gi m nh bi n đ i khí h u - Quy ho ch xây d ng m t cách h p lý - ng d ng các lo i v t li u m i tiêu th ít năng lư ng; - Nâng cao ý th c c a ng i dân; - Nâng cao hi u qu c a b máy qu n lý hành chính nhà nư c; ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Xây d ng Các gi i pháp thích nghi bi n đ i khí h u - Thay đ i nguyên t c xây d ng; - Nâng cao tính b n v ng c a công trình v i các tiêu chu n m i; - Nâng cao thu nh p c a ngư i dân; - Thay i ki n trúc công trình và trang thí n i th t theo nguyên lý m i mang tính thiên nhiên s dung năng lư ng th p nh t. ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Năng lư ng Đi n Nhiên li u Ngu n cung c p Tiêu th Ngu n cung c p - Th y đi n - Đi n lư i - Nhi t đi n (đi n nhiên li u) - Đi n t ch t th i - Đi n h t nhân - Đi n t ngu n khác 1. S n xu t 2. Sinh ho t tiêu dùng 3. Kinh doanh d ch v 4. Y t 5. Hành chính 6. Giáo d c: 7. Chi u sáng công c ng 8. Chi u sáng dân l p 9. Giao thông 10. Xây d ng - D u: DO, FO, d u h a - Xăng: A92, A95, sinh h c E5 - Gas - Than - C i ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C - Th y đi n, đi n h t nhân và các ngu n khác không có s n xu t TP.HCM - Đi n lư i: D ng s n xu t đ c bi t c a th y đi n - Nhi t đi n (đi n nhiên li u): Các lo i d u, than, c i, các lo i khí đ t - Đi n t ch t th i: Bãi chôn l p và các d ng khác như biogas, RDF Thu th p s li u t ng lư ng đi n cung c p cho thành ph t T ng Công ty Đi n l c TPHCM (EVNHCMC) và các nhà máy đi n trên đ a bàn thành ph Đi n 1. S n xu t: Ho t đ ng công, nông, lâm nghi p tiêu th lư ng đi n r t l n ph c v s n xu t. Đ c bi t là công nghi p. 2. Sinh ho t tiêu dùng: Ph c v cho chi u sáng, gi i trí, đi u hòa nhi t đ. 3. Chi u sáng dân l p 4. Chi u sáng công c ng 5. Kinh doanh d ch v 6. Y t 7. Hành chính 8. Giáo d c 9. Xây d ng Các ho t đ ng đư c s p x p theo th t gi m d n lư ng đi n tiêu th. Các ho t đ ng kinh doanh, y t, hành chính, giáo d c, xây d ng ch y u s d ng lư ng đi n ít ph c v chi u sáng và v n hành máy móc là chính. ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 L NH V C - D u: DO, FO, d u h a - Xăng: A92, A95, sinh h c E5 - Gas - Than: than đá, than bùn, than c i, than nâu (than cám) ong - C i than t Thu th p thông tin t ng lư ng nhiên li u cung c p cho thành ph t các doanh nghi p đ u m i nh p kh u xăng d u trên đ a bàn thành ph. Nhiên li u 1. Giao thông: Lư ng xăng tiêu th cho giao thông r t l n vì liên quan đ n g n như toàn b các ho t đ ng c a các l nh v c khác 2. S n xu t: Xăng, d u đư c s d ng đ v n hành máy móc s n xu t ho c đ t sinh nhi t sinh lư ng CO 2 r t l n. 3. Sinh ho t tiêu dùng: Ch y u dùng d u h a, than c i, than t ong, c i cho n u ăn. 4. Kinh doanh d ch v 5. Y t 6. Hành chính 7. Giáo d c 8. Xây d ng Ho t đ ng giao thông v n t i và s n xu t tiêu th lư ng nhiên li u l n tương ng v i phát sinh lư ng CO 2 r t l n. Các ho t đ ng khác s d ng nhiên li u ch y u cho v n hành máy móc, thi t b nên tiêu th nhiên li u ít hơn. ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Nông nghi p - G m có 6 m ng chính 1. Tr ng tr t 2. Chăn nuôi 3. Th y s n 4. Lâm nghi p 5. Th y l i 6. Phát tri n nông thôn -31-

261 ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Nông nghi p Ngu n gây phát th i 1. Tr ng lúa, cây ng n ngày, cây ăn qu, đ t nông nghi p, 2. Đ t ph ph m nông nghi p 3. Ch t th i c a gia súc, gia c m 4. Quá trình tiêu hóa c a gia súc, gia c m 5. S d ng phân bón hóa h c, thu c tr sâu trong nông nghi p 6. Các lo i phương ti n, máy móc 7. Khai thác lâm s n, phá r ng 8. H th ng th y l i ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 L NH V C Nông nghi p Tác đ ng 1. Suy gi m qu đ t, di n tích r ng 2. Thay đ i cơ c u s n xu t 3. Năng su t thu ho ch gi m 4. nh hư ng x u đ n môi trư ng đ t, nư c, th y sinh, không khí Gi i pháp 1. S d ng bơm năng lư ng tái t o 2. Thu gom, tái s d ng ph ph m 3. Nâng cao hi u qu s d ng hóa ch t, phân bón 4. ng d ng công ngh biogas ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Công nghi p Phát th i khí nhà kính t ho t đ ng s n xu t công nghi p t i Tp.HCM - Ngành công nghi p khoáng phi kim lo i (s n xu t ximăng, th y tinh, g ch, vôi v.v ) - Công nghi p luy n kim (s t thép, nhôm, magie, ) - Công nghi p đi n đi n t - Công nghi p th c ph m và đ u ng - Ngành s n xu t gi y, b t gi y - T ngành công nghi p hóa ch t - T ngành công nghi p ch bi n các s n ph m d u khí - Ngành khác: may m c, d t nhu m, th y s n v.v Ghi chú: không đ c p đ n các ho t đ ng phát th i t tiêu th năng lư ng và x lý nư c th i t l nh v c công nghi p. ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Công nghi p Gi i pháp gi m thi u phát th i t công nghi p C i ti n công ngh s n xu t và s d ng nhiên li u đ t thân thi n v i môi trư ng C i ti n công ngh s n xu t m t s lò nung g m s chuy n đ i t lò nung b ng nguyên li u d u sang s d ng nhiên li u khí gas trong quy trình s n xu t; S d ng t i đa các ph ph m, ph li u làm nguyên, nhiên li u đ u vào trong quy trình s n xu t Các ph th i d ng khí, l ng, r n phát sinh t ho t đ ng s n xu t s đư c t n thu và tái quay vòng vào trong quy trình, đi n hình: + Quá trình t n d ng nhi t th i t lò nung c p cho quá trình s y; + Tái s d ng nư c th i; + Tăng t l ph n trăm s d ng th y tinh v n trong quy trình s n xu t. ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 L NH V C Công nghi p Gi i pháp gi m thi u phát th i t công nghi p ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Giao thông Đư ng không Máy bay Gi i pháp v qu n lý các ho t ng tiêu th n ng l ng trong công nghi p Xây d ng ch ng trình qu n lý n ng l ng cho nhà máy. Tăng cư ng s lư ng cây xanh trong doanh nghi p/ khu ch xu t và khu công nghi p Gi i pháp đóng c a và di d i các cơ s gây ô nhi m ra kh i thành ph. Gi v ng và phát huy phong trào giáo d c/nâng cao ý th c b o v môi trư ng và s d ng ti t ki m năng lư ng cho toàn b nhân viên c a nhà máy. Gi i pháp v k thu t trong ho t đ ng tiêu th năng lư ng trong công nghi p Thay th nhiên li u s ch Thay đ i ho c c i ti n công ngh GIAO THÔNG Đư ng th y Tàu thuy n đánh b t th y h i s n Tàu thuy n v n t i Tàu thuy n du l ch G n b Xa b Đư ng sông Đư ng bi n -32-

262 ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 L NH V C Giao thông Đư ng b GIAO THÔNG Xe khách Xe máy Xe chuyên d ng Xe Buýt Xe ch rác, quét đư ng, r a đư ng Ô tô Xe v n t i hàng 46 ch 34 ch 29 ch 16 ch Taxi Xe ô tô cá nhân ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Du l ch Phát th i t du l ch d ch v - văn hóa Phát th i t quá trình s d ng n ng l ng: i n, gas, d u Phát th i t quá trình s d ng n c Phát th i t giao thông Phát th i t h th ng qu ng cáo ngoài tr i Phát th i t các khu vui chơi gi i trí Gi m phát th i t h th ng công viên cây xanh Đư ng s t Tàu h a ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 L NH V C Du l ch Các tác đ ng tr c ti p nh hư ng đ n ho t đ ng c a c ng hàng không Tân Sơn Nh t và các khu du l ch xung quanh thành ph (th i ti t b t thư ng tăng) s gi m lư ng khách du l ch. Gi m du l ch do các d ch b nh theo mùa tăng v i các bi n th m i và lan r ng như SARs, H5N1. Tăng chi phí cho vi c xây d ng và ho t đ ng c a các khu du l ch do tăng nguy cơ th i ti t b t thư ng và n ng nóng kéo dài; ĐÁNH GIÁ 10 LINH V C Y t Tăng c ng phòng ch ng các d ch b nh do bi n đ i khí h u; Nâng cao năng l c đ i ngu cán b y t các đ a phương trong b i c nh bi n đ i khí h u; Nâng c p, c i t o, xây m i cơ s h t ng ph c v chăm sóc s c kh e c ng đ ng. NG D NG CÁC PHƯƠNG PHÁP K HO CH TH C HI N 1. Đánh giá tác đ ng c a bi n đ i khí h u, kh năng thích ng và kh năng d b t n thương => theo hư ng d n c a B Tài nguyên và Môi trư ng 2. Li t kê, đánh giá và các công trình h t ng, các chương trình còn thi u c a thành ph H Chí Minh => ng d ng phương pháp Self Assessment 3. Đánh giá cơ s và các công trình h t ng ph c v K ho ch hành đ ng ng phó Bi n đ i khí h u c a thành ph => ng d ng phương pháp Capital Investment Planning (CIP) c a Ngân hàng Th gi i Công vi c Xây d ng phương án, xin kinh phí Th i gian th c hi n 3/2014 7/2014 Kh o sát d li u 7/ /2014 Đánh giá tác đ ng 12/2014 3/2015 Xây d ng KHHĐ 3/2015 9/2015 Trình duy t 9/

263 NHÂN S & KINH PHÍ Đơn v ch trì: Văn phòng Bi n đ i khí h u Đơn v ph i h p: - y ban nhân dân 24 qu n huy n - Các S ban ngành có liên quan - T chuyên viên giúp vi c Ban ch đ o, t công tác bi n đ i khí h u t i các qu n huy n, s ngành - M t s trư ng đ i h c, vi n nghiên c u - Các công ty, cơ quan, đơn v có liên quan - Thành ph Osaka, Trung tâm Môi trư ng toàn c u, m t s vi n nghiên c u Nh t B n - Các t ch c phi chính ph (NGOs) Kinh phí: đăng ký ngu n kinh phí t ngân sách thành ph C m n ã l ng nghe! Thank You! -34-

264 No.4 V các d án JCM t i Vi t Nam Các d án liên quan t i rác th i t i Vi t Nam 21/8/2014 Công ty Hitachi Zosen 1 2 Các d án liên quan đ n rác th i t i Vi t Nam China TP H Chí Minh/Rác th i đô th (B Môi tr ng/nghiên c u hình thành d án JCM) D án đ t rác phát đi n t ng h p Th i gian th c hi n: 2014 TP H Chí Minh/Rác th i ch đ u m i (B Môi trư ng/d án h tr thi t b JCM) Lên men và s d ng khí mê tan t rác h u cơ ch đ u m i Th i gian th c hi n: 2014~2016 D án đ t rác phát đi n t rác th i đô th TP Hà N i/rác th i công nghi p (NEDO/D án th c ch ng công ngh ) D án th c ch ng công ngh đ t rác công nghi p phát đi n 75 t/ngày 1 dây chuy n=75 t/ngày D ki n ho t đ ng: 2015 Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp. 3 4 Quá trình tri n khai Sơ đ thu gom, v n chuy n rác th i đô th TP H Chí Minh <Năm tài khóa 2012, 2013> ã ti n hành kh o sát D án thu h i n ng l ng theo mô hình t ng h p t ch t th i r n t i TP H Chí Minh, Vi t Nam trong khuôn kh ch ng trình nghiên c u kh thi nh m thúc y ph bi n ngành công nghi p tu n hoàn c a Nh t B n ra n c ngoài do b Môi tr ng ch trì. Ho t đ ng kh o sát này do Hitachi Zosen, S Môi trư ng TP Osaka, Vi n nghiên c u Đô th Ex và Trung tâm Môi trư ng Toàn c u ph i h p th c hi n trong khuôn kh c đoàn kh o sát k thu t c a TP Osaka sang TP H Chí Minh liên quan t i n i dung qu n lý ch t th i r n. <Năm tài khóa 2014> Hi n nay Hitachi Zosen và SatisFactory đang ph i h p th c hi n kh o sát đ t rác phát đi n t ng h p t i TP H Chí Minh trong khuôn kh ch ng trình nghiên c u hình thành d án JCM c a B Môi tr ng. Ngày 5/8 ã trình Th ngh ch p thu n v m t nguyên t c (REQUEST FOR IN-PRINCIPAL APPROVAL) đ i v i d án đ t rác phát đi n lên y ban Nhân dân TP H Chính Minh. Rác th i h gia ình 8000t/ngày Tr m trung chuy n c p 1 (241 đ a đi m) 6700t/ngày Tr m trung chuy n c p 2 (45 đ a đi m) 6700t/ngày Cơ s thu mua ph li u (1300t/ngày) Nhà máy compost (600t/ngày) Bãi chôn l p (Ph c Hi p) 3500t/ngày Bãi chôn l p ( a Ph c) 3000t/ngày Kim lo i, gi y, nh a 1300t/ngày Phân h u cơ 100t/ngày Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp. 5 Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp

265 Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp. D án thu h i n ng l ng theo mô hình t ng h p Phương án th c hi n Rác th i đô th Phân lo i t i ngu n Phân lo i cơ gi i Rác h u cơ Rác tài nguyên Rác phi h u cơ Th y tinh Gi y Kim lo i PET Thành ph n sau khi đ t (tro) Bãi chôn l p Nhà máy đ t rác phát đi n Hình th c d án: Build Operate Transfer (BOT) Ngân hàng Hitachi Zosen Tài tr TP H Chí Minh Phí x lý X lý t i đa 1.000t/ngày Đi n EVN Thu nh p Giá bán đi n 10,05/kWh Phân h u cơ Nhà máy compost H th ng lên men mê tan Thành ph n còn l i Đi n Công ty đ i tác H tr thi t b B Môi trư ng SPC (Ch th khai thác d án EfW) Góp v n Chi phí xây d ng nhà máy Xây d ng nhà máy O&M Xây d ng/v n hành và b o dư ng nhà máy Hitachi Zosen Chi phí O&M 7 Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp. KHÁI QUÁT D ÁN Lên men khí mê tan t rác ch đ u m i Phân lo i, thu h i rác h u cơ t ngu n rác th i ch đ u m i Bình Đi n, TP H Chí Minh, và ti n hành x lý y m khí b ng h th ng lên men mê tan xây d ng trong ch. Sau đó, cung c p khí sinh h c thu h i đư c cho nhà máy ch bi n cá trong ch làm nhiên li u thay th cho d u diesel hi n đang s d ng. Ngoài ra, các thành ph n sau khi lên men s đư c dùng đ s n xu t phân bón cung c p cho các h nông dân trong vùng. 9 Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp. Quá trình tri n khai <Năm tài khóa 2012> ã ph i h p v i S Tài nguyên và Môi tr ng TP H Chí Minh ti n hành kh o sát thí đi m vi c phân lo i, thu h i rác t i ngu n. <Năm tài khóa 2013> Hitachi Zosen và SatisFactory ã ph i h p th c hi n kh o sát đ t rác phát đi n t ng h p t i TP H Chí Minh trong khuôn kh ch ng trình nghiên c u hình thành d án JCM c a B Môi trư ng. SƠ Đ QUY TRÌNH Tr m XLNT Bùn Ti n x lý Ch đ u m i Ch đ u m i Rác Phân lo i, thu gom Rác h u cơ <Năm tài khóa 2014> Theo k t qu kh o sát, d án ã c l a ch n là d án h tr thi t b JCM c a B Môi trư ng, và ngày 1/8 đ i tác ph i h p th c hi n là T ng công ty Th ng m i Sài Gòn (SATRA) ã trình y ban Nhân dân TP H Chí Minh th bày t quan tâm i v i d án này. S H th ng lên men NM ch bi n cá Biogas D ch th i quy trình c a d án Thi t b làm compost Phân h u cơ H nông dân Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp. 11 Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp. -36-

266 Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp. CÔNG NGH LÊN MEN KHÍ MÊ TAN Cơ ch th c hi n d án Nh t B n Vi t Nam B ch a gas Rác h u cơ chuy n đ n Máy phân lo i Gia nhi t Chính ph NB Hi p đ nh Chính ph VN Gia nhi t Gia nhi t Ph u c p Thành ph n không lên men Máy nghi n B ph i tr n Kamoda Ecopark (TP Nagoya, t nh Aichi) B hòa tan nhi t đ cao B lên men mê tan nhi t trung bình H tr thi t b Hitachi Zosen SatisFactory Đ u tư SATRA JV/SPC Đ u t Rác/bùn Chi phí qu n lý ch t th i Chi phí mua gas Ch đ u m i Bình i n H i lưu d ch lên men Thi t b x lý d ch lên men Cung c p gas Qu n lý ch t th i 13 Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp. Hitachi Zosen Corporation Năng lư ng t Rác (EfW: Energy-from-Waste): Gi i pháp thích h p hư ng t i Phát tri n b n v ng Safety Reliability Recycle Pollution Control Environment Protection Copyright (C) 2014 Hitachi Zosen Corporation. All Rights Reserved Gi i thi u Công ty (1) Khái quát v công ty HITACHI ZOSEN Corporation (Hitz) là công ty k thu t hàng u th gi i v l nh v c lò t rác thu h i năng lư ng. Chúng tôi chuyên v K thu t và Ch t o: H th ng môi trư ng, Máy công nghi p, Cơ s h t ng, Máy móc và quá trình thi t b, và Máy móc chính xác. D li u c a công ty và tình hình kinh doanh Thành l p 1881 Sáp nh p 1934 Nhân viên 9.171* V n Doanh thu (thu n) 45,44 t yên ( 445 tri u US$) 333,4 t yên ( 3,24 t US$)* H th ng môi trư ng H th ng Năng lư ng-t -Rác H th ng tái ch v t li u X lý nư c và bùn... Máy Công nghi p Nhà máy l c nư c bi n Thi t b phát đi n Năng lư ng tái t o (năng lư ng gió, m t tr i, ) Cơ s h t ng Máy đào đư ng h m C u H th ng phòng ch ng thiên tai... Quá trình thi t b Thi t b /bình ch a áp l c Thi t b ch a/lưu tr nhiên li u h t nhân sau khi s d ng Máy móc L i nhu n (thu n) tri u yên ( 36 tri u US$)* Đ ng cơ Diesel tàu th y Tr s Osaka và Tokyo Máy móc t o khuôn/m u Máy móc tinh x o/chính xác *(t i th i đi m 31/3/2014) Copyright (C) 2014 Hitachi Zosen Corporation. All Rights Reserved Gi i thi u Công ty (3) L ch s phát tri n (EfW) E.H. Hunter (ngư i Anh) thành l p Osaka Iron Works (Osaka, Nh t B n) (là ti n thân c a Hitz ngày nay) Nhà máy đ t rác đ u tiên đư c xây d ng b i Von Roll (Dordrecht, Hà Lan) Gi i thi u B n quy n công ngh EfW (t Von Roll) Công ty Von Roll đư c thành l p Th ys (Zurich) Nhà máy EfW đ u tiên c a Hitz NH T B N (Osaka) 200t/ngày x 2,5.4MW Nhà máy đ t rác đ u tiên c a Hitz HÀN QU C* (Seoul) 150 t/ngày x 1 8,000Hrs Continuous Operation Nhà máy EfW đ u tiên c a Hitz ĐÀI LOAN (Đài B c) 450t/d x 4, 48MW AE&E Inova (=Von Roll) Hitachi Zosen Inova AG (Zurich, Th y s ) Hitachi Zosen Inova USA and India Pvt Ltd Nhà máy EfW đ u tiên c a Hitz TRUNG QU C (Thành Đô) 400t/ngày x 3, 24MW Nhà máy EfW đ u tiên c a Hitz VI T NAM (Hà N i) 75 t/ngày x 1, 1,93MW 1. Gi i thi u Công ty (4) Thành tích kinh doanh h th ng EfW trên th gi i Track record of EfW business: B c M MW 61,43x10 6 t-co 2 T ng s nhà máy: Châu âu MW ( ) 75,73x10 6 t-co Châu Á MW 121,08x10 6 t-co 2 nhà máy Châu Đ i Dương 3 0 MW (5/2014) * Cung c p hơi nư c cho nhà máy khác (không phát đi n) Copyright (C) 2014 Hitachi Zosen Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 17 ( ) Năng lư ng thu h i (MW) ch tính t các nhà máy Gi m phát th i khí CO 2 b i thu h i năng lư ng v n hành t năm 1999 (Gi s : 0,55kg-CO 2/kWh, th i gian v n hành: 280 ngày/năm x 30 năm) Copyright (C) 2014 Hitachi Zosen Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Bao g m d án m u (Hà N i, Vi t Nam)

267 1. Gi i thi u Công ty (6) Khái quát các ho t đ ng Vi t Nam LAO HANOI CHINA D án m u Nhà máy đ t rác Công nghi p thu h i năng lư ng (Nam Sơn Sóc Sơn) 75 t/ngày 1 t máy=75t/ngày V n hành : 2015 Hoang Sa Islands (Vietnam) Mô hình 3D c a nhà máy THAILAND CAMBODIA HO CHI MINH East Sea Truong Sa Islands (Vietnam) Nghiên c u kh thi H th ng x lý rác t ng h p bao g m thu h i năng lư ng Nghiên c u quy ho ch D án JCM Lên men y m khí rác h u cơ t ch đ u m i đ đ ng phát năng lư ng (đi n và nhi t) Copyright (C) 2014 Hitachi Zosen Corporation. All Rights Reserved. JCM: Joint Crediting Mechanism - Cơ ch Tín ch chung

268 Institute for Global Environmental Strategies MRV Visualizing GHG emissions MRV Project in HCMC: Progress and Activities in FY2014 Measurement (Monitoring) Collecting data Reporting Calculation of GHGs Verification Checking of data MRV is a tool for: Setting goals and designing policies/projects Proving the credibility of efforts Shiko Hayashi and Junko Akagi, IGES Kitakyushu Urban Centre Facilitate/attract further support 2 nd Working Group Meeting for the Development of HCMC Climate Change Action Plan st August 2014, Ho Chi Minh City IGES Not for citation 2 Why is GHG Inventory important? Management-cycle for low-carbon city development/green growth A fundamental tool for local governments assess the amount of current GHG emissions, identify key emission sources, set a target for GHG emissions reduction, and develop effective mitigation actions in MRV manner 8. Revise mitigation actions/ Action Plan as necessary 9. Report GHG reduction (reflect into GHG inventory in next year) GHG Inventory in base year (Assess the current GHG emissions) 1. Identify key emission sectors/sources by GHG Inventory 2. Baseline setting/ Forecast future emissions scenario 3. Set a GHG reduction target 4. Develop mitigation actions 5. Summarize in Action Plan National GHG Emissions in Viet Nam (in 2000 and 2005) National GHG Emissions in 2000 National GHG Emissions in 2005 (1,000 t-co 2e) (1,000 t-co 2e) (1,000 t-co 2e) Total emissions 150, ,697 Total emissions and removals and removals Emissions 226,647 Emissions 221,081 Removals -75,749 Removals -57, Account GHG reduction impacts 8. Review & evaluate the effects of mitigation actions/ Action Plans 6. Implement mitigation actions following to the Action Pan IGES Not for citation 3 Source: Viet Nam Second National Communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ( Source: National GHG Inventory Report 2005 of Vietnam: The Project for Capacity Building for National Greenhouse Gas Inventory in Viet Nam IGES Not for citation 4 CO 2 emissions by sector in FY2008 (Osaka City) CO 2 emissions trend by sector (Osaka City) CO 2 covers 96% of total GHG emissions Industrial processes 0% Waste 4% Energy industries 1% (Unit: 10,000 t CO2) Emission reduction from 1990 level Household 19% Industries 28% Commercial Industry Osaka city Japan Commercial Transport Commercial 33% Transportation 15% Waste Source: Osaka City, City-wide activities. Source: Osaka City, City-wide activities. IGES Not for citation 5 IGES Not for citation 6 PDCAcycle -39-

269 HCMC s GHG inventory (city-wide) :Data is collected/collecting :Data is identified :Data is not identified Sector Activity Gas Year AD EF Data Overview of GHG emissions in water resource sector Energy Generation CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Energy balance table, IPCC default Energy Stationary units Industrial CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Energy balance table IPCC default Commercial/ Institutional CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Energy balance table IPCC default Residential CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Energy balance table IPCC default Agriculture/ Forestry/ Fishing CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Energy balance table IPCC default Fugitive emissions CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Energy balance table IPCC default Road transportation CO 2, CH 4, N 2O 2013 Fuel consumption or Km travelled IPCC default GHG emissions in water resource sector in HCMC (2013) Emission (Gg) Category CO 2 CH 4 N 2 O CO 2 equivalent Mobile units Off-road transportation Railways Water-borne navigation CO 2 emission from tap water production Aviation Tap water 2013 supply Country specific production CO 2 Amount of water Water Waste water CH 4, N 2O Industry production, Population IPCC default 2013 treatment/discharge Solid waste disposal CH Composition, generation per capita FOD method Waste Biological treatment CH 4, N 2O 2013 Waste amount processed IPCC default Incineration & open burning CO Waste amount incinerated IPCC default IPPU Enteric fermentation CH Population of livestock (head) IPCC default AFOLU Manure Management CH 4, N 2O 2013 Population of livestock (head) IPCC default Agriculture Rice cultivations CH Harvested (irrigated) area of rice IPCC default Emission from managed soils N 2O 2013 Amount of N (nitrogen) to soils, etc. IPCC default CH 4 emission from industrial wastewater CH 4 emission from domestic wastewater N 2 O emission from waste water treatment and discharge Total Forestry, Land Use Other Indirect Emissions IGES Not for citation 7 IGES Not for citation 8 Overview of GHG emissions in waste sector Schedule of GHG Inventory development in HCMC GHG emissions in waste sector in HCMC (2013) Category CH 4 emission from solid waste disposal sites CH 4 & N 2 O emission from biological treatment Emission (Gg) CO 2 CH 4 N 2 O CO 2 equivalent , CO 2 emission from waste incineration - - Total , IGES Not for citation 9 IGES Not for citation 10 Thank you for your attention! IGES Not for citation

270 Low Carbon Scenarios for HCMC, Vietnam 2030 JAPAN Kyoto University (KU): E-konzal: TRAN Thanh Tu, Yuzuru MATSUOKA Yuki OCHI, Tomoki EHARA Research team: National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan (NIES) Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research: Kei GOMI, Junichi FUJINO, Toshihiko MASUI Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) LoCARNet: Shuzo NISHIOKA, Tomoko ISHIKAWA Mizuho Information and Research Institute (MHIR): Go HIBINO, Kazuya FUJIWARA VIETNAM HCMC Science and Technology (DOST): NGUYEN Ky Phung, TRAN Xuan Hoang HCMC University of Natural Resources and Environment (U.NRE): NGUYEN Dinh Tuan Decision no. 1474/QD-TTg (Oct. 5, 2012) Publishing National Climate Change Action Plan (CCAP) for the Period Decision no. 2484/QD-UBND (May 15, 2013) Issuing Programs for Implementing Climate Change Action Plans of HCMC by 2015 Decision no. 2631/QD-TTg (Dec. 31, 2013) Approval of Master Plan for Socioeconomic Development of HCMC till 2020 with vision to Annual GDP growth: % ( ), % ( ), 8.5-9% ( ) - Population (mil.): 8.2 (2015), 9.2 (2020), 10 (2025) - Ratio of electricity consumption growth and GDP growth: 1, try to below 0.8 (more than 20% reduction) Political background 2 Decision no. 1393/QD-TTg (Sep. 25, 2012) Approval of National Green Growth Strategy for Vietnam - The period : Reduce the intensity of GHG emissions by 8-10% as compared to the 2010 level; reduce energy consumption per unit of GDP by 1-1.5% per year. Reduce GHG emissions from energy activities by 10% to 20% compared to BaU - Orientation towards 2030: Reduce annual GHG emissions by at least 1.5-2%; reduce GHG in energy activities by 20 to 30% compared to BaU Proposal for Climate Change Action Plan in the period, with a vision towards 2030 Decision no. 568/QD-TTg (Apr 8, 2013) Approval of Master plan for Transportation development for HCMC by 2020 with vision beyond 2020 Share of transport mode: : public (20-25%), private (72-77%), others : public (35-45%), private (51-61%), others - Beyond 2030: public (50-60%), private (35-45%), others Decision no. 2305/QD- UBND (May 5, 2012) Approval of Green Energy Program for HCMC by 2015 August, 2014 One Socio-Economic vision and Two mitigation scenarios 3 The Socio-economic Vision is mainly followed after Decision 2631/QD-TTg Unit /2011 Population persons 7,590,138 10,869, No. of households households 1,789,630 3,623, GDP per capita mil. Dongs GDP bil. Dongs 509,334 2,783, Passenger transport demand mil.per.km 68, , Freight transport demand mil.ton.km 73, , Two scenarios are developed for the analysis Scenario Business as Usual (BaU) Counter Measure (CM) Characteristics - Socio-economic assumptions in the above table - Share of public transport mode complies with Decision 568/QG-TTg with the assumption that only 50% of the urban public transport is constructed - Energy intensity (Energy/GDP reduction) reduction more than 20% in 2030 compared with 2011 following after Decision No.1393/QD-TTg - Socio-economic assumptions in the above table - Share of public transport mode complies with Decision 568/QG-TTg with the assumption of 100% implementation - Additional measures are implemented to achieve the CO 2 emission reduction more than 20% reduction compared with 2030BaU Final energy consumption and CO 2 emission Rapid growth of driving forces (GDP, population, transport demand) leads to the increasing consumption of energy and CO 2 emission BaU BaU/2011 Final energy consumption (ktoe) 9,404 37, CO 2 emission (ktco 2 ) 35, , Industry is the main energy consumer (52%) and CO 2 emitter (55%) Energy intensity in 2030BaU reduces 26% compared with 2011, which complies with Decision 2631/QD-TTg (20%) and Decision 1393/QD-TTg (17 %) BaU 2030CM Energy intensity (toe/bil. Dongs) CO 2 emission per GDP (tco 2 /bil. Dongs) CO 2 emission per capita (tco 2 ) CO 2 emission and its reduction By the 2030 CM scenario, the direct CO 2 emission reduction is expected to 21% of total emission of Business as Usual (2030BaU) In addition to it, 8% reduction is expected from the mitigation of grid power MtCO BaU 2030CM Grid power (12.3) Freight transport (5.0) Passenger transport (3.8) Residential (7.3) Commercial (8.8) Industry (9.3) Agriculture (0.007) 8% CO2 2 emission (115.4) (34.2 MtCO 2 ) 21% 5 Proposal of Mitigation Actions and their Impacts To realize this 21% reduction, FIVE actions are proposed Low carbon actions Sector Agriculture and Industry Commercial Residential Passenger transport Freight transport Total Reduction (ktco 2) share Action 1. Green agriculture and industry 9, ,309 27% (Energy efficient equipment, fuel shift) Action 2. Green house and building 0 6,578 4, ,489 34% (Energy efficient equipment, fuel shift) Action 3. Diffusion of energy saving behavior 0 2,181 2, ,520 13% (Appropriate use of energy device) Action 4. Smart transportation system ,597 4,870 8,467 25% (Energy efficient vehicle, modal shift) Action 5. Growth of renewable energy % (Solar, biofuel, CNG) Total (ktco 2) 9,309 8,784 7,273 3,760 5,029 34, % Reduction share 27% 26% 21% 11% 15% 100% 6-41-

271 Conclusion and discussion 7 FIVE mitigation actions are proposed to reduce 21% of CO 2 emission in energyuse activities (Agriculture and Industry, Commercial, Residential, Transport) With mitigations analyzed in this brochure, most of the targets prescribed in decisions will be complied, except national GHG emission (less than 2 times compared with 2010). Further actions must be searched, especially in the field of LULUCF, such as with s collaborationwith Mekong Delta region) Index Comparison of the Actions performance and related targets prescribed in Decisions Numbers in the table denote the multiplication factors compared with base years Performance of the Quantified GHG emission objectives proposed Scenarios in and related targets based on Most are in the allowable 2030 Decisions ranges except the first row CM BaU Reference Statistical information Legal documents Other information sources Energy Balance Table Social Accounting Matrix Working procedure 8 ExSS Socio-economic vision Energy related vision 1. Collect relevant information 2. Discuss with related departments 3. Prepare data input 4. Integrate base year s data Background information AIM/Waste Waste related vision GHG emission 3.2 (1) 4.5 (1) (2) (2) Decision No.1393/QD-TTg 2.0 Decision No.2631/QD-TTg GHG emission intensity GHG emission from energy activity compared with BaU 0.59 (1) 0.83 (1) (2) - Decision No.1393/QD-TTg (3) (4) 0.70 (3) (4) Decision No.1393/QD-TTg GDP 5.5 (5) 5.5 (5) (6) (6) Decision No.2631/ QD-TTg Information sharing and exchange with HCMC 5. Analysis of current status and BaU projection 6. Design of Low Carbon HCMC in target years and estimation of GHG emission reduction potential 7. Design of Low Carbon Actions for HCMC Energy Intensity 0.58 (5) 0.74 (5) 0.80 (6) - Decision No.1393/ QD-TTg (1) compared with 2011, and only consider the CO 2 emission from energy-use activities (2) compare with 2010, with the assumption that HCMC adopts the same intensity target as national one (3) compare with 2010, with the assumption that HCMC adopts the same target as national one, and with voluntary and additional international supports (4) compare with 2010, with the assumption that HCMC adopts the same target as national one, and with a voluntary effort (5) compare with 2011 (6) compare with 2010 Technical report of Low Carbon HCMC 2030 Brochure of Low Carbon HCMC 2030 This study has not covered Waste sector Thank you very much for your kind attention! 9-42-

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274 Ban ch o th c hi n K ho ch h nh ng ng ph v i Bi n i kh h u Th nh ph H Ch Minh N I DUNG TRÌNH BÀY K ho ch hành đ ng ng phó v i bi n đ i khí h u t i TP. H Chí Minh giai đo n (KHHĐ ) I. M c tiêu c a KHHĐ II. Nh ng nhi m v chính 1. Nhi m v trong nư c 2. Nhi m v h p tác qu c t 3. M t s d án TP.HCM đang th c hi n III. Đ xu t th c hi n các chương trình, d án h p tác v i TP. Osaka Văn phòng Bi n đ i khí h u TP.HCM Thành ph H Chí Minh, 16/01/ I. M c tiêu c a KHHĐ T ch c th c hi n các chương trình, d án nh m t ng bư c nâng cao năng l c thích ng v i bi n đ i khí h u c a TPHCM. T ch c th c hi n các chương trình, d án góp ph n gi m thi u bi n đ i khí h u (gi m phát th i khí nhà kính). T ch c th c hi n các nhi m v c a Ngh quy t s 24-NQ/TW H i ngh l n th c 7 Ban Ch p hành Trung ương khóa XI v ch đ ng ng phó v i bi n đ i khí h u, tăng cư ng qu n lý tài nguyên và b o v môi trư ng. II. Nh ng nhi m v chính 1. Nhi m v trong nư c Nghiên c u, đánh giá tác đ ng c a bi n đ i khí h u đ n đ i s ng kinh t xã h i, đ n các l nh v c qu n lý. Tri n khai các d án nâng cao kh năng thích nghi v i BĐKH và gi m nh phát th i khí nhà kính. Tuyên truy n nâng cao nh n th c v bi n đ i khí h u cho cán b công ch c, t ch c chính tr xã h i, doanh nghi p, c ng đ ng. T p hu n nâng cao năng l c cán b công ch c trong công tác qu n lý đ ng phó v i bi n đ i h u. 3 4 II. Nh ng nhi m v chính 2. Nhi m v h p tác qu c t H p tác v i thành ph Rotterdam, Hà Lan - Giai đo n : Th c hi n Chương trình TP.HCM phát tri n hư ng v phía bi n thích ng v i BĐKH. M c tiêu: giúp TPHCM đ nh hư ng phát tri n hư ng v phía Nam và Đông Nam thành ph thích ng đư c v i BĐKH. K t qu : t p ATLAS và Chi n lư c thích ng khí h u (CAS) v i n i dung chính t p trung vào công tác qu n lý nư c như qu n lý ngu n nư c, nư c c p, thoát nư c, ch ng ng p, ch ng xâm nh p m n. - Giai đo n : Th c hi n Chương trình TP.HCM phát tri n hư ng v phía bi n thích ng v i BĐKH- giai đo n 2 - tích h p CAS vào các quy ho ch, k ho ch phát tri n c a qu n 4. II. Nh ng nhi m v chính 2. Nhi m v h p tác qu c t H p tác v i thành ph Osaka, Nh t B n - Giai đo n : Th c hi n Chương trình Qu n lý t ng h p ch t th i bao g m thu h i năng lư ng TP.HCM h tr đ i ng nghiên c u phía TP Osaka ti n hành kh o sát và nghiên c u h th ng qu n lý ch t th i r n trên đ a bàn TPHCM. TP.Osaka h tr TP.HCM t p hu n nâng cao năng l c cán b công ch c s ngành, qu n huy n trong công tác qu n lý ch t th i r n, 3R và ng phó BĐKH; h tr tri n khai thí đi m chương trình phân lo i CTR t i ngu n t i qu n

275 II. Nh ng nhi m v chính 2. Nhi m v h p tác qu c t H p tác v i thành ph Osaka, Nh t B n - Giai đo n : Phát tri n chương trình h p tác Thành ph phát th i carbon th p trên cơ s ng d ng cơ ch JCM gi a Vi t Nam và Nh t B n. Xây d ng HCMC CCAP ; Phát tri n các d án x lý ch t th i thu h i năng lư ng ng d ng cơ ch JCM; M ra các l nh v c h p tác m i: quy ho ch, năng lư ng, giao thông, công nghi p, qu n lý nư c (bao g m nư c th i), nông nghi p, y t, xây d ng và du l ch. II. Nh ng nhi m v chính 3. M t s d án TP.HCM đang th c hi n TT Tên ch ng trình/d án Th i gian th c hi n 1 S d ng 300 xe bus CNG Xây d ng tuy n Metro Xây d ng tuy n Metro Tuy n BRT s 1 trên đư ng Võ Văn Ki t- Mai Chí Th D án gi m th t thoát nư c s ch D án đ u tư gi m th t thoát nư c, tăng cư ng m r ng m ng lư i c p nư c và tăng cư ng th ch cho SAWACO 7 Tr ng cây xanh ven sông, kênh, r ch D án tr ng m i và chuy n hóa r ng phòng h, r ng s n xu t trong công viên L ch s - Văn hóa dân t c TPHCM 9 Tr ng r ng ch n sóng ch ng s t l t i huy n C n Gi III. Đ xu t th c hi n các chương trình, d án h p tác v i TP. Osaka D án Biogas ch Bình Đi n ( ã nh n đư c ch trương c a UBND TPHCM); D án X lý đ t ch t th i r n tái sinh năng lư ng; D án x lý bùn tái sinh năng lư ng, s n xu t compost; D án x lý nư c th i sinh ho t/đô th : Nhu c u năm 2015 kêu g i đ u tư xây d ng 12 nhà máy v i t ng lư ng nư c c n x lý g n 3 tri u m 3 /ngày(hi n nay t l x nư c th i đô th đ t kho ng 13,2%); Chương trình nghiên c u qu n lý t ng h p ch t th i TPHCM (ch t th i r n đô th, ch t th i công nghi p, ch t th i nguy h i, bùn th i, nư c th i đô th, nư c th i công nghi p); Chương trình đào t o, t p hu n năng cao năng l c cho cán b qu n lý; D án thu h i s d ng nư c mưa; D án tái s d ng nư c th i; D án s d ng năng lư ng m t tr i t i các trư ng h c. Chân thành c m ơn Quý v

276 1. Cơ s xây d ng KHHĐ BAN CH Đ O TH C HI N K HO CH HÀNH Đ NG NG PHÓ V I BI N Đ I KHÍ H U THÀNH PH H CHÍ MINH K ho ch hành đ ng ng phó v i Bi n đ i khí h u cho Thành ph H Chí Minh giai đo n hư ng đ n m t thành ph cac-bon th p K ho ch hành đ ng ng phó v i bi n đ i khí h u trên đ a bàn Thành ph H Chí Minh giai đo n đư c ban hành năm 2013 đ tri n khai các gi i pháp thích nghi và gi m nh đ n năm V n phòng Bi n i khí h u Thành ph H Chí Minh TP.HCM, 16 tháng 01 năm Cơ s xây d ng KHHĐ 1. Cơ s xây d ng KHHĐ H p tác v i TP. Osaka 2013 年 10 月 L ký k t MoU v i chính quy n thành ph Osaka 1. H p tác xây d ng KHHĐ T ch c H i ngh đ i tho i c p Th trư ng 3. Tri n khai các d án h p tác Công-Tư 2. D th o c u trúc KHHĐ D th o c u trúc KHHĐ Gi i thi u C s pháp lý Giai đo n th c hi n Ti n đ cho KHHĐ Các ho t đ ng ng phó B KH ã th c hi n Hi n tr ng & K ch b n BĐKH M c tiêu c a KHHĐ Các gi i pháp Gi i pháp trong các l nh v c D án c th Tri n khai KHHĐ 3. M c tiêu c a KHHĐ M c tiêu gi m phát th i KNK c a Chính ph Chi n lư c Tăng trư ng xanh (2012) M c tiêu cho l nh v c Năng lư ng Năm Lư ng phát GHG 排出量 th i KNKN Gi m 10~20% Gi m 1,5 ~2% m i năm M c tiêu gi m phát th i KNK 2020 Gi m 10% ~ 20% so v i k ch b n phát th i KNK thông thư ng 2030 Gi m 20% ~ 30% so v i k ch b n phát th i KNK thông thư ng T i thi u gi m 1,5 ~ 2% m i năm 2050 Gi m 1,5 ~ 2% m i năm Gi m 20~30% BAU Gi m 1,5 ~ 2% m i năm BAU

277 3. M c tiêu c a KHHĐ Khó khăn c a TP. H Chí Minh Thi u s li u c th đáng tin c y và m c tiêu quy ho ch. Các m c tiêu tính theo % th ng không rõ ràng và không phù h p. 3. M c tiêu c a KHHĐ ĐI N NĂNG Gi i pháp ti m năng: Ch ng trình ti t ki m i n Gi m t l t n th t đi n năng Phát th i cơ s (t nco2/năm) Phát th i d án (t nco2/năm) Lư ng gi m phát th i (t nco2/năm) , , , , , , , , ,00 Phát th i KNK trong l nh v c đi n năng TP.HCM đ n năm 2025 Đ xu t hư ng xác đ nh m c tiêu Xác đ nh m c tiêu theo giá tr tuy t đ i (có th b sung giá tr % khi c n thi t). Tính toán d a vào các gi i pháp gi m phát th i ti m năng. Thay đèn LED cho h th ng chi u sáng h m Khuy n khích s d ng năng lư ng tái t o Phát th i cơ s (t n CO 2/năm) Phát th i d án (t n CO 2/năm) 3. M c tiêu c a KHHĐ 3. M c tiêu c a KHHĐ NHIÊN LI U Lư ng gi m phát th i (t n CO2/năm) , , CH T TH I R N Phát th i cơ s (t nco2/năm) , , ,08 Phát th i d án (t n CO2/năm) , , ,00 Lư ng gi m phát th i (t nco2/năm) , , ,08 Gi i pháp ti m năng: Khuy n khích s d ng xăng E5 Xe buýt CNG Taxi LPG V n hành metro Khuy n khích s d ng phương ti n giao thông ch y b ng đi n Gi i pháp ti m năng: S n xu t compost Lên men k khí ch t th i th c ph m S n xu t khí sinh h c Lò t Phát th i KNK trong l nh v c Ch t th i r n TP.HCM đ n năm 2025 Phát th i cơ s (t n CO 2/năm) Phát th i d án (t n CO 2/năm) 3. M c tiêu c a KHHĐ 3. M c tiêu c a KHHĐ C P NƯ C Phát th i cơ s (t n CO2/năm) , , ,30 Gi i pháp ti m năng: Gi m t l th t thoát nư c S d ng đi n và hóa ch t hi u qu trong các nhà máy x lý nư c Thu h i nư c mưa Tái s d ng nư c sau x lý Khuy n khích s d ng các thi t b nâng cao hi u qu s d ng nư c Phát th i d án (t n CO2/năm) , , ,30 Lư ng gi m phát th i (t n CO2/năm) , , ,00 Phát th i KNK trong l nh v c C p nư c TP.HCM đ n năm 2025 Phát th i cơ s (t n CO 2/năm) Phát th i d án (t n CO 2/năm) QUY HO CH & XÂY D NG Lư ng gi m phát th i (t n CO2/năm) Gi i pháp ti m năng: Tăng cư ng m ng xanh , ,304 Khuy n khích s d ng g ch không nung -48-

278 3. M c tiêu c a KHHĐ NÔNG NGHI P 3. M c tiêu c a KHHĐ Y T Lư ng gi m phát th i (t n CO2/năm) , , ,95 Lư ng gi m phát th i (t n CO2/năm) 5, , Gi i pháp ti m năng (bên c nh vi c gi m phát th i KNK t nhiên do xu hư ng gi m di n tích và các ho t đ ng nông nghi p): Khuy n khích s n xu t compost và khí sinh h c trong công tác qu n lý phân chu ng Khuy n khích s n xu t năng lư ng sinh kh i Gi i pháp ti m năng: Khánh thành 3 b nh vi n m i ph c v khu v c ngo i thành giúp gi m kho ng cách di chuy n vào trung tâm thành ph. 3. M c tiêu c a KHHĐ M c tiêu gi m phát th i t i thi u: 4. Ki m tra, Rà soát, và Đánh giá KHHĐ Lư ng phát th i KNK t các ho t đ ng kinh t hi n t i (kh o sát, ki m kê, ) Lư ng gi m phát th i (t n CO2/năm) ,200,000 2,000,000 2,300,000 Ki m tra Các gi i pháp gi m phát th i KNK Gi i thích: D a trên tính toán lư ng gi m phát th i KNK t các gi i pháp ti m năng (làm tròn lên t ng lư ng gi m phát th i); Đây là gi i h n t i thi u cho m c tiêu gi m phát th i KNK; K t qu này th hi n lư ng gi m so v i k ch b n phát th i thông thư ng (cơ s ). D báo lư ng phát th i KNK trong tương lai (không th c hi n gi i pháp gi m nh ) Đ t m c tiêu Rà soát Đánh giá Tri n khai d án trong các l nh v c D báo lư ng phát th i KNK trong tương lai (khi th c hi n gi i pháp gi m nh ) Hi u qu gi m phát th i 5. Các gi i pháp đ th c hi n m c tiêu 10 l nh v c cho HCM CCAP Quy ho ch s d ng đ t 2. Năng lư ng 3. Giao thông 4. Công nghi p 5. Qu n lý ngu n n c 6. Qu n lý Ch t th i (nư c th i và ch t th i r n) 7. Nông nghi p 8. Y t 9. Xây d ng 10. Du l ch 5. Các gi i pháp đ th c hi n m c tiêu Quy ho ch s d ng đ t - Phân b đ t thích h p cho cơ s h t ng c a ngành công nghi p t nh m ch: theo Ngh quy t v v n đ chính tr do quy ho ch; C i thi n các giá tr thành ph. - Xem xét các k ho ch s d ng đ t và đ xu t đi u ch nh phù h p v i cơ s h t ng, không gian và phát tri n m ng xanh. - Thay đ i m c đích s d ng đ t phù h p - Thích h p cho 10 l nh v c -49-

279 5. Các gi i pháp đ th c hi n m c tiêu Năng lư ng - Phát tri n các ch ng trình nâng cao nh n th c - Công ngh ti t ki m n ng l ng áp d ng cho các tòa nhà - Th c hi n các d án ESCO - Phát tri n các ch ng trình s d ng năng lư ng ti t ki m và hi u qu - Gi m s d ng nhiên li u hóa th ch và đ ng th i tăng cư ng s d ng năng lư ng s ch và tái t o. 5. Các gi i pháp đ th c hi n m c tiêu Giao thông Phát tri n ch ng trình nâng cao nh n th c trong giao thông Phát tri n các trung tâm thương m i ng m, an toàn ngư i đi b, gi m thi u ùn t c giao thông Phát tri n cơ s h t ng giao thông, v n t i công c ng, giao thông th y, gi m thi u vi c s d ng xe cá nhân Tăng cư ng vi c năng lư ng s ch qua các chương trình tuyên truy n 5. Các gi i pháp đ th c hi n m c tiêu Công nghi p C i thi n K thu t / Công ngh Kiln Operation Ph xanh khu nhà máy và khu công nghi p Chính sách h tr và khuy n khích chuy n giao công ngh và áp d ng công ngh m i. 5. Các gi i pháp đ th c hi n m c tiêu Qu n lý n c Phát tri n các ch ng trình nâng cao nh n th c Gi m chi phí ho t đ ng t vi c gi m lư ng tiêu th nư c s ch. C i thi n h th ng c p n c, gi m thi u rò r t h th ng đư ng ng c p nư c s ch Tái ch mưa và nư c th i Ch ng trình nghiên c u cung ng tài nguyên n c b n v ng 5. Các gi i pháp đ th c hi n m c tiêu Qu n lý ch t th i r n Phí phân lo i và thu gom ch t th i nhà b p Khí sinh h c phát đi n t nư c th i và ch t th i h u cơ r n Phát đi n t vi c đ t ch t th i r n 5. Các gi i pháp đ th c hi n m c tiêu Nông nghi p Phát tri n các ch ng trình nâng cao nh n th c Phòng ch ng s t l đ t do cây tr ng Gi i thi u v Bơm nư c ti t ki m b ng ngu n năng lư ng tái t o. Ch ng trình gi m phát th i khí nhà kính vào các ho t đ ng nông nghi p -50-

280 5. Các gi i pháp đ th c hi n m c tiêu Y t Xây d ng năng l c cho đ i ngu cán b Tăng cư ng nh n th c v bi n đ i khí h u và v sinh môi trư ng C i thi n h th ng chăm sóc s c kh e y t (Phát tri n ngu n nhân l c c a cán b y t t i b nh vi n) Cung c p d ch v chăm sóc s c kh e an toàn và đ m b o 5. Các gi i pháp đ th c hi n m c tiêu Xây d ng Gi i thi u các u ãi cho các công trình âm thanh môi trư ng Gi i thi u v V t li u xây d ng hi u qu v năng lư ng 5. Các gi i pháp đ th c hi n m c tiêu Xúc ti n d án Du l ch C i thi n M ng lư i giao thông th y đ thúc đ y du l ch B o v các khu du l ch sinh thái B o v các làng ngh truy n th ng Các đơn v tham gia trong vi c xây d ng đ xúc ti n d án 6.Th c hi n HCM CCAP Thành l p Cơ c u th c hi n Nhóm tư v n t các S ngành & qu n huy n qu n lý ti n đ c a vi c xây d ng và th c hi n CCAP và t ng bư c đưa các chuyên gia khoa h c và đ i di n doanh nghi p đ t ch c th c hi n 6.Th c hi n HCM CCAP Nâng cao năng l c cho đ i ngu cán b đ th c hi n HCMC CCAP y ban nhân dân Thành ph HCM y ban nhân dân Qu n/huy n Ban ch đ o th c hi n K ho ch hành đ ng ng phó v i Bi n đ i khí h u S ban ngành Trư ng đ i h c và Vi n Doanh nghi p T chuyên viên c p Qu n/huy n V n phòng Bi n đ i khí h u T chuyên viên c p S ban ngành -51-

281 7. K ho ch tương lai Ti n đ Hoàn thành KHHĐ : Tháng 9/2015 Trình UBND TP và phê duy t: Quý IV n m 2015 CHÂN THÀNH C M N QUÝ V. Văn phòng Bi n i khí h u Tp.HCM TP. H Chí Minh, ngày 16 tháng 01 năm

282 Osaka CityV H P TÁC GI A TP H CHÍ MINH VÀ TP OSAKA Osaka City HƯ NG T I VI C XÂY D NG THÀNH PH CARBON TH P Osaka City H I TH O QU C T HƯ NG T I VI C XÂY D NG THÀNH PH CARBON TH P TP OSAKA T CH C NGÀY 21/10/2013 T I OSAKA KÝ BIÊN B N GHI NH GI A TP H CHÍ MINH VÀ TP OSAKA Osaka City THÀNH PH H CHÍ MINH KHÔNG NG NG PHÁT TRI N Osaka City 1 L P K HO CH HÀNH Đ NG NG PHÓ BI N Đ I KHÍ H U 2 THƯ NG XUYÊN T CH C Đ I THO I V CHÍNH SÁCH 3 THÚC Đ Y D ÁN THÔNG QUA LIÊN K T V I DÂN T m quan tr ng c a vi c quy ho ch t ng quát thành ph Osaka City XÂY D NG XÃ H I CARBON TH P SONG SONG V I TĂNG TRƯ NG KINH T Osaka City Đ M B O Đ T CHO CƠ S H T NG T NH M CH Khu v c nông thôn Khu v c thành ph phía B c Khu v c thành ph phía Đông Khu v c trung tâm T m quan tr ng c a l nh v c năng lư ng trong ng phó hi u ng nhà kính Khu v c thành ph phía Tây Cơ s h t ng t nh m ch đ i v i phát tri n tương lai Đ m b o đ t s d ng cho công tác (x lý ch t th i và x lý ch t lư ng nư c) Khu v c thành ph phía Nam Khu v c nông thôn -53-1

283 Osaka City XÂY D NG H TH NG QU N LÝ CH T TH I M T CÁCH Đ NG B Osaka City PH NG M THÀNH PH OSAKA Đánh giá lư ng ch t th i gia tăng, t đó th c hi n s m d án phát đi n t ch t th i (Ngu n: Osaka Government Tourism Bureau) T o không gian an toàn, d ch u cho ngư i đi b Osaka City NÂNG C P PH NG M Osaka City NÂNG C P B NH VI N THÂN THI N V I MÔI TRƯ NG Sơ đ d ki n phát tri n khu v c quanh ga tàu đi n ng m B n Thành (Ngu n: Nikken Sekkei Civil) L p đ t thi t b phát đi n t năng lư ng m t tr i L y ánh sáng t nhiên và LED hóa toàn tòa nhà (Ngu n: B nh vi n Osaka Gyomeikan) Osaka City ĐÀO T O NHÂN L C Y T NÂNG C P CƠ S THI T B S D NG NƯ C MƯA VÀ PHÁT Osaka City ĐI N T NĂNG LƯ NG M T TR I Đ I V I TRƯ NG H C (Ngu n : Trung tâm c p c u thu c đ i h c TP Osaka Trư ng ti u h c Đ ng Tr n Côn (Qu n 4) -54-2

284 Osaka City D ÁN K T H P S D NG NƯ C MƯA VÀ PHÁT ĐI N T NĂNG LƯ NG M T TR I Osaka City H TR THƯ NG XUYÊN Đ I V I VI C XÂY D NG THÀNH PH CARBON TH P Phát 太陽光発電 đi n t năng lư ng m t tr i Phun nư c lên mái nhà 屋根に散水 H tr chính sách d a trên phương châm hư ng t i vi c xây d ng thành ph carbon th p H tr l p k ho ch hành đ ng ng phó bi n đ i khí h u Th c hi n s m các d án liên k t v i doanh nghi p c a Osaka c ng như khu v c Kansai Nư 飲料水 c u ng 補給水 Nư c b sung 雨水 Nư c mưa Hi u q a đư c mong đư c t h p tác gi a hai thành ph Nâng cao m c s ng theo phát tri n kinh t c a thành ph H Chí Minh, đ ng th i xây d ng đư c xã h i carbon th p, xã h i tu n hoàn, xã h i thân thi n v i môi trư ng. トイレ Toilet 浄化ユニット B ph n l c B 貯水タンク ch a nư c Nư 清掃用 散水 c dùng cho v sinh, nư c phun Thành ph H Chí Minh tr thành thành ph đi đ u v mô hình xây d ng thành ph carbon th p Châu Á. (Ngu n: L y t tài li u do đơn v tham gia d án cung c p) Osaka City C m ơn qúy v ã chú ý l ng nghe

285 Kh i qu t d n Th ng 1 n m 2015 B n th c hi n d n: (Ph a Nh t B n) Hitachi Zosen Corporation, K.K. Satisfactory International (Ph a Vi t Nam) T ng c ng ty th ng m i S i G n (SATRA) Ch Thi t b x l n c th i B n c n X l s b B ch a l n men B h p th kh Kh sinh h c u m i Ch Ph t th i Ph n lo i - thu th p Ph t th i h u c Ph n b n d ng l ng B ng vi c ph n lo i, thu th p ph t th i h u c t ph t th i ch u m i B nh i n trong th nh ph H Ch Minh, sau ti n h nh x l k kh b ng h th ng l n men metan l p t c ng a i m, kh sinh h c thu c s cung c p cho nh m y ch bi n th y s n. Th c hi n gi m l ng ph t th i h u c c x l ch n l p b ng c ch x l ngay t i ngu n th i ra, sau ph t th i h u c s c v n chuy n t ch u m i B nh i n n n i x l cu i c ng, n nay, d n c th gi m l ng kh metan th i ra t c c b i ch n l p. ng th i, kh sinh h c thu c s cung c p cho nh m y ch bi n th y s n l m n ng l ng thay th d u m, n nay, c th gi m l ng s d ng nhi n li u h a th ch ang c s d ng trong nh m y ch bi n th y s n. C ch th c hi n d n N i dung i u tra n m 2013 Nh t B n Ch nh ph Nh t B n Hitz * KKSI * H tr thi t b Doanh nghi p li n k t T p o n Qu c t Th a thu n hai n c (C p v n) C p v n SATRA * SPC * Vi t Nam Ch nh ph Vi t Nam C p v n Ph t th i h u c + B n c n Qu n l b o d ng, v n h nh Gi m s t MRV Kh sinh h c, x l ph t th i Gi m l ng kh th i nh k nh Ch u m i B nh i n Ph x l ph t th i v mua kh sinh h c 1. i u tra l ng ph t th i th i ra t ch u m i - L ng ph t th i th i ra - T l ph t th i h u c 2. Th nghi m ki m ch ng ph n t ch th nh ph n ph t th i h u c, l ng kh t ph t sinh, v.v - Ph n t ch th nh ph n - Th nghi m li n t c trong ph ng 3. Ph t tri n ph ng ph p lu n c ch t n ch chung JCM (Joint Crediting Mechanism) 4. i u tra t m hi u v thi t k c b n c s, doanh nghi p th c hi n a ph ng - nh s n xu t thi t b i u tra ph t th i ch u m i: ph n 1 i u tra ph t th i ch u m i: ph n 2 i u tra v l ng ph t th i th i ra N m b t t ng kh i l ng ph t th i th i ra t ch u m i th ng qua s l ng xe t i v xe y tay ch r c. i u tra v th nh ph n ph t th i Ti n h nh ph n lo i - nh l ng r c h u c v r c kh ng ph h p l n men, ngo i ra nh l ng r c kh ng ph h p l n men v i m i th nh ph n nh v s, tre, nh a, v.v -56-

286 Kh i qu t thi t b th nghi m trong ph ng Th nghi m trong ph ng Dung d ch l n men d ng i u ch nh Kh sinh h c M y qu t tr n kh B Kh metan R c th i nh b p (Nguy n li u) Chuy n n b h a tan Thi t b chia t ch kh - dung d ch M M P P B tho t n c (Dung d ch l n men) P N c l m m t B ch a (4 ) N c n ng B h a tan nhi t cao N c (B ch a l n men axit) n ng (55, 3 l t) B ch a l n men metan nhi t v a (36, 12 l t) Thi t b th nghi m R c th i nh b p c d ng th nghi m K t qu i u tra n m 2013 M c K t qu i u tra T ng kh i l ng ph t th i L ng ph t th i h u c 46,8 38,0 T ng kh i l ng T n/ng y T n/ng y 59,2 72,8 Qu y rau qu % % 13,5 16,6 Qu y tr i c y 13,5 % % 1,8 2,2 Qu y h i s n 1,8 % % 0,9 1,1 Qu yhoa t i 0,9 % % 1,3 1,6 Qu yth t 1,3 % % R c kh ng ph h p l n men 18,8 % 18,8 -- 4,7 5,8 B n c n x l tho t n c 4,7 % % *R c kh ng ph h p l n men: M c Nh t B n Vi t Nam V s, tre, t i-d y ni l ng, gi y th i, b a c ng, c c nh a- ng h t, nh a x p polixtiren, c c lo i v i, t i bao c t, v d a, Th c ph m - nguy n li u R cth i nh b p h n h p R cth i nh b p (Ch y u l rau) Th i gian duy tr 15 ng y 15 ng y N ng a v o b ch a l n men Kho ng10 % T 10 % tr xu ng H s t l ph t sinh kh sinh h c 150 Nm 3 /t n 32,7 L/L T c ph n h y n ng kh metan m 3 /kg-codcr 0,35 C ng m c T c ph n h y ch t h u c Quy ira CODcr 70 ~ 75 % T 75 % tr l n N ng metan 50 ~ 65 % Kho ng60 % Gi n thi t b v i m gi m s t n nh m y ch o l ng kh sinh o n ng bi n th y s n h c ph t sinh metan Kh sinh h c nh l ng i n n ng s d ng cho c s R c th i nh b p Qu t gi Ph n c n B kh B kh h a tan l n men h n h p B ch a l n men metan (Nhi t cao) (Nhi t v a) Tr l i dung d ch l n men metan nh l ng a v o nh l ng kh sinh <H th ng WTM> h c cung c p Water-needless Two-phase Methanation system M c nh l ng N i dung gi m s t L ng a v o L ng ph t th i x l c s (L ng ph t th i thay th x l ch n l p) L ng kh sinh h c thu c L ng kh sinh h c thu c b ng ph ng ph p l n men metan N ng metan N ng metan trong kh sinh h c thu c L ng kh sinh h c s d ng nh m y ch bi y n th s n (Ngo i tr ph n nhi t s L ng kh sinh h c cung c p d ng t l ng kh sinh h c thu c c s ) L ng i n n ng s d v n h N ng l ng i n s d ng ng nh thi t b L ng kh th i nh k nh th i ra Ph L ng ph p lu n c th t n ch chung JCM (Joint Crediting Mechanism) ng ph t th i tham kh o A1 B1 B1 C1 L ng ph t th i theo d n A2 B2 B2 C2 C2 i u ki n thi t k c b n (D n h tr thi t b ) M c Gi tr t nh to n n v i t ng r c x l T n/ng y R c th i nh b p (trong 50 r c kh ng th ch h p l n men chi m 5 %) T n/ng y B n c n th i ra 3 L ng kh sinh h c ph t sinh m /ng y 3 N ng metan 55 % Nhi t l ng kh MJ/ng sinh h c y Nhi t l ng kh t cung c MJ/ng y p*1 Gi tr quy i u m 672 L/ng y d L ng ph t th i tham kh o = A1 + B1 + B1 + C1 L ng ph t th i theo d n = B2 + C2 + C2 *A1 = A2, B1 = B2 B1 = B2, C1 = C2 Gi m l ng kh th i nh k nh = A2 + B2 C2 = A1 + B1 C2 *C1 (= C2): L ng i n n ng ti u th c a nh m y ch bi n th y s n C2 : L ng i n n ng ti u th c a c s l n men metan Th ng s gi m s t MRV: A1: Kh i l ng r c th i nh b p a v o B1 : N ng metan v l ng kh sinh h c s d ng C2 : L ng i n n ng ti u th c s l n men metan *1 Ngo i tr n ng l ng ti u th b n trong nh m b o qu n thi t b (Hi u su t n i h i: 80%) T ng chi ph x y d ng: kho ng 678 tri u Y n Nh t -57-

287 K ho ch d n N m Xin gi y ph p Chu n b thi t l p SPC ngh c p ph p cho t ng lo i Thi t k c b n Thi t k chi ti t S n xu t t i nh m y c kh C ng tr ng x y d ng K thu t x y d ng C ng tr ng thi t l p M y m c B tr ng ng Trang b m y m c i n V n h nh th Gi m s t -58-

288 C ng ty Hitachi Zosen Nghiên c u K ho ch D án JCM D án Năng lư ng t Ch t th i t i TP. HCM Safety An toàn Reliability Tin c y Recycle Tái ch Pollution Ki m soát Control ô nhi m Environment B o v môi Protection trư ng Copyright (C) 2014 Hitachi Zosen Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 1 Quá trình tri n khai <T năm 2013> Công ty Hitachi Zosen ( Hitz ) ã th c hi n nghiên c u kh thi v qu n lý ch t th i r n t i TP. H Chí Minh trong g n 03 năm qua k t khi ký k t Biên b n Th a thu n h p tác gi a TP. H Chí Minh và TP. Osaka và t ch c H i th o kh i ng v qu n lý t ng h p ch t th i r n ngày 16/02/2012. Ngày 22/10/2013 t i TP. Osaka, ã di n ra l ký k t Biên b n ghi nh h p tác gi a TP. Osaka và TP. HCM v Phát tri n TP. Carbon th p. TP. HCM ã đ ngh TP. Osaka h tr trong vi c tri n khai d án Năng lư ng t ch t th i (EfW) t i TP. H Chí Minh. <Năm 2014> Ngày 05/08/2014, Hitz ã trình Th xu t ch p thu n ch tr ng đ u tư lên UBND TP. H Chí Minh. Sau đó UBND TP. HCM có văn b n ngày 14/08/2014 y quy n cho S TNMT ph trách xem xét đ xu t này. Ngày 30/09/2014, HITZ ã có cu c h p u tiên v i S TNMT và các s ngành liên quan v gi i thi u đ xu t d án Ngày 13/11/2014, HITZ ã có cu c h p l n 2 v i S TNMT làm rõ các i u ki n d án và l ch trình tri n khai. Ngày 03/12/2014, S TNMT trình báo cáo v tính kh thi c a các i u ki n d án Năng lư ng t Ch t th i lên UBND TP. HCM. <Năm 2015> Sau khi nh n đư c Ch p thu n ch trương c a UBND TP. HCM v vi c th c hi n D án N ng l ng t Ch t th i, HITZ s trình n p xu t ch ng trình h tr tài chính JCM t B Môi tr ng Nh t B n (MOEJ) Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp. 2 C c i u ki n d n Ngu n ch t th i: Ch t th i r n đô th (4) Process Công su t: flow 600 of t n/ngày the EfW (giai plant đo n 1) proposed a i m: Khu liên hi p x lý ch t th i r n Tây B c, huy n C Chi, TP. HCM Công ngh : Lò ghi xích, n i h i thu h i nhi t và máy phát turbin h i Waste flow Air flow Flue gas flow Ash flow Forced draft fan Blower Boiler Air preheater Air preheater Economizer Super heater (1) (2) Secondary air supply (2) Turbine & generator Cooling water Slaked Lime Activated Carbon Reaction chamber Electricity Bag Filter Water Furnace Cement Primary air Water supply (1) Bottom Fly ash pit Copyright (C) 2014 Hitachi Zosen Corporation. All Rights Reserved. ash pit 3 Steam Flue gas cleaning system Grid IDF QCVN 30:2012/ BTNMT Stack D án thu h i n ng l Rác th i đô th Phân h u cơ Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp. Phân lo i t i ngu n Phân lo i cơ gi i Rác h u cơ Rác tái ch Rác phi h u cơ Nhà máy compost H th ng lên men mê tan ng theo mô hình t ng h p Thành ph n còn l i Th y tinh 600t/d Gi y Kim lo i PET Đi n Thành ph n sau khi đ t (tro) Nhà máy đ t rác phát đi n 9MW Bãi chôn l p Hi u qu và L i ích cho TP. HCM Gi m di n tích chôn l p: 180,000 t/năm Gi m phát th i khí nhà kính: 42,000 t n/năm 4 C u tr c d n (4) Lo Process i hình d flow án: Xây of d the ng EfW V n plant hành proposed Chuy n giao (BOT) T ng v n đ u tư: 65 tri u US$ V n hành: Tháng 12/2017 B n đ v trí c a 48 tr m trung chuy n rác t i TP. HCM (s li u đ n 01/2014) Đ a đi m d án (KLH X lý CTR Tây B c) Ngân hàng Hitachi Zosen Công ty đ i tác H tr thi t b B Môi trư ng Góp v n Tài tr TP H Chí Minh Phí x lý EVN Doanh nghi p d án (Ch th khai thác d án EfW) Chi phí xây d ng nhà máy X lý t i đa 600t/ngày Xây d ng nhà máy O&M Xây d ng/v n hành và b o dư ng nhà máy Hitachi Zosen Chi phí O&M Copyright (C) 2014 Hitachi Zosen Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 5 Đi n Thu nh p Giá bán đi n 10,05/kWh KLH Tây B c KLH Đa Phư c BCL ã óng c a (Gò Cát, ông Thanh) Tr m trung chuy n đưa rác v KLH Tây B c Tr m trung chuy n đưa rác v KLH Đa Phư c Các tr m trung chuy n h ng ho c không có thông tin Đang th o lu n v i S TNMT v các tr m trung chuy n và ngu n rác d ki n Tham kh o: Nhi t tr th p c a CTR t i TP. HCM: kcal/kg -59-

289 Khu Li n h p x l ch t th i r n T y B c Đang th o lu n v i S TNMT v đ a đi m c th c a d án trong khu liên h p này Copyright (C) 2014 Hitachi Zosen Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 7 Thank you very much for kind attention! Copyright (C) 2014 Hitachi Zosen Corporation. All Rights Reserved

290 D ÁN LÁI XE THÂN THI N V I MÔI TRƯ NG S D NG THI T B GIÁM SÁT HÀNH TRÌNH K THU T S ~ Eco-driving by Utilizing Digital Tachograph System ~ (Host Country : VIETNAM) KHÁI QUÁT D ÁN S xe t i Nittsu Vi t Nam s d ng (kho ng 130 chi c) G n h th ng khuy n khích lái xe thân thi n v i môi trư ng s d ng thi t b giám sát hành trình k thu t s. Thông qua m ng cloud đ t p h p và phân tích d li u v các thông tin như lư ng c p d u nhiên li u, c ly ch y xe,và các ho t đ ng lái xe khác. Liên t c ph n h i k t q a phân tích t i ngư i lái đ th c hi n lái xe thân thi n v i môi trư ng và an toàn. Tháng 1 Năm 2015 T p đoàn Nittsu Chương trình h tr thi t b d án áp d ng cơ ch tín ch chung gi a hai nư c năm (B môi trư ng) 1 2 Đ A ĐI M TH C HI N D 1) T nh Bình Dương (Ngo i ô TP H Chí Minh) Trung tâm giao nh n Sóng Th n Cách TP H Chí Minh 21km 2) TP Hà N i Kho Quang Minh ÁN Sân bay qu c t N i Bài 3 H TH NG KHUY N KHÍCH LÁI XE THÂN THI N V I MÔI TRƯ NG S D NG THI T B GIÁM SÁT HÀNH TRÌNH K THU T S Qu n lý th i gian th c t Phântíchho t đ ng lái xe Phòng đi u khi n Ph n h i t i ngư i lái Máy ch D li u Trung tâm giao nh n Start End M ng k t n i V n chuy n xe t i H th ng thi t b giám sát hành trình k thu t s g n trên xe Lư ng s d ng nhiên li u, ho t đ ng lái xe Thông qua m ng cloud đ t p h p và phân tích d li u v các thông tin như lư ng c p d u nhiên li u, c ly ch y xe,và các ho t đ ng lái xe khác. Giúp c i thi n ho t đ ng lái xe thông qua vi c hư ng d n, đưa ra l i khuyên cho ngư i lái, t đó đánh giá d a trên hi u q a đ t đư c CƠ C U H TH NG THI T B G N TRÊN XE 2. ĐÁNH GIÁ HO T Đ NG LÁI XE B NG CÁC LO I C M BI N B ph n đo nhiên li u GPS Modem truy n thông GSM Đánh giá ho t đ ng lái xe Th i gian, đ ađi m phát sinh Gi t mình ho ng h t ( ) Thi t b giám sát hành trình k thu t s Thay đ i t c đ Th nh H th ng bao g m thi t b giám sát hành trình,b ph n đo nhiên li u, modem truy n thông, và GPS. 5 Gi t mình ho ng h t(potentially Serious Traffic Accident): Nh ng s vi c, ho t đ ng lái xe có kh năng d n đ n tai n n. (Ngu n : Theo tài li u công ty TEC) D a vào d liê thu đư c t các lo i c m bi n đ đánh giá và phân c p ho t đ ng lái xe c a t t c ngư i lái, trên quan đi m lái xe thân thi n v i môi trư ng và an toàn

291 Đánh giá và phân c p ho t đ ng lái xe b ng các lo i c m bi n (H ng m c đánh giá) PHANH V đi u khi n phanh D NG V phương pháp d ng VÔ-LĂNG V đi u khi n vô-lăng R TRÁI PH I V phương pháp r trái ph i ÊM V phương pháp lái xe êm 3.PH N H I T I NGƯ I LÁI Liên t c nâng cao k năng ngư i lái. Ngư i lái thành th c k năng thân thi n v i môi trư ng và an toàn Lái thân thi n Lái thân thi n Lái thân thi n Lái u Ngư i lái chưa hoàn toàn thành th c Lái u Ngư i lái còn y u k thu t Lái u Th h ng:cao N i dung: L i khuyên v nâng cao hi usu t nhiênli u và tính an toàn. Th h ng: V a N i dung: L i khuyên tương ng v i đi u ki n và t t c a ngư i lái, nh m nâng cao k năng. Th h ng: Th p N i dung: Hư ng d n cơ b n v lái xe thân thi n v i môi trư ng, tư v n riêng n u c n thi t. Đăng thông tin và hư ng d n k năng ngư i lái (Thư ng xuyên thu th p d li u, th c hi n liên t c) 7 ĐÓNG GÓP VÀO PHÁT TRI N B N V NG Thông qua vi c phân tích và hư ng d n ho t đ ng lái xe c a ngư i lái d a vào h th ng khuy n khích lái xe thân thi n v i môi trư ng, Gi m CO 2 c a b ph n v n chuy n nh vi c tăng hi u su t nhiên li u. D tính gi m 310 t n CO2 (7%) 1 năm Nâng cao ch t lư ng v n chuy n (Phòng ch ng tai n n hang hóa, tai n n giao thông) V m t môi trư ng Gi m lư ng th i CO2, Nox, PM C i thi n môi trư ng không khí khu v c tr ng đi m. V m t xã h i Phòng ch ng tai n n và c i thi n ch t lư ng môi trư ng lao đ ng c a nư c s t i. V m t kinh t Nâng cao năng l c c nh tranh c a t p đoàn Nittsu trong l nh v c v n chuy n hàng hóa, đ ng th i góp ph n phát tri n kinh t nư c s t i. 8 HI N TR NG VÀ TRI N V NG TƯƠNG LAI Th t c JCM (Cơ ch tín ch chung gi a hai nư c) L p đ t thi t b N p đ án phương pháp đ xu t 12/11/2014 (VN_PM001) Công khai đ án 19/11/ /12/2014 Xác nh n nguy n v ng, đi u ki n hi n trư ng 11/2014 B t đ u thi t k, ch t o máy B t đ u ki m tra lư ng tiêu th nhiên li u th 12/ C m ơn qúy v ã chú ý l ng nghe Gi a tháng 12, 2014 Duy t đ án phương pháp đ xu t L p PDD (B n thi t k d án) Ti n hành thi công l p đ t 5/2015 B t đ u ch y th, thu th p d li u 6/ Tháng 1 Năm 2015 T p đoàn Nittsu

292 Ph n ph i d y i n chi u s ng hi n t i i-frame ( i u khi n thao t c t xa) Ki m so t m ng i m truy c p m ng LAN kh ng d y ng d ng ki m so t Ph ng kh ch l nh D n ki m ch ng th c y ti t ki m n ng l ng trong kh ch s n b ng c ch ph t tri n V-BEMS phi n b n Vi t Nam ( ) Kh i qu t d n D a tr n c c ph ng ti n ho t ng ti t ki m n ng l ng th nh c ng Nh t (BEMS, SLC, H th ng cung c p n c n ng), ph t tri n th nh c c s n ph m c th m r ng Vi t Nam, ch ng minh hi u qu ti t ki m n ng l ng b ng c ch t ch h p v i c c k thu t Nh t B n li n quan. Th c hi n ch nh s ch ti t ki m n ng l ng m t c ch hi u qu i v i 3 ng d ng l i u h a kh ng kh, chi u s ng, v cung c p n c n ng v n chi m 85% t l ti u th n ng l ng trong c c kh ch s n th ng th ng Vi t Nam. Qu c gia l i t ng c a d n Vi t Nam C ng ty nh n y th c Hibiya Engineering, Ltd. Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities Co., Ltd a i m th c hi n d n a i m t i H N i: Kh ch s n A a i m t i Th nh ph H Ch Minh: Kh ch s n B i chi u B T i nguy n v M i tr ng i h c T i nguy n v M i tr ng Tp.H Ch Minh Hi u qu gi m kh th i nh k nh T l gi m theo gi nh: kho ng 12% Bi n i kh CO 2: 605 t n/n m Kh i qu t k thu t a v o s d ng * Gi tr hi u qu l gi tr d ki n (1) H th ng qu n l ngu n nhi t i u h a kh ng kh (Ph t tri n BEMS phi n b n Vi t Nam) Ph t tri n BEMS (V-BEMS) k t h p ph n m m ch c n ng cao v i ph n c ng gi r d a tr n BEMS t nh n ng cao th nh c ng Nh t, th c y m r ng, t o t i li u h ng d n s d ng ph h p v i nhu c u c a Vi t Nam. (2) H th ng chi u s ng (Ph t tri n SLC phi n b n Vi t Nam) Ph t tri n h th ng k t h p ph n m m qu n l v thi t b ki m so t ph h p v i ti u chu n c a Vi t Nam (V-SLC) d a tr n h th ng ki m so t chi u s ng ri ng bi t, th c y m r ng ph ng th c ho t ng v v n h a ti t ki m n ng l ng. (3) H th ng cung c p n c n ng (Ph t tri n ph ng ph p x y d ng h th ng t i u) Ki m ch ng t nh hi u qu trong vi c ti t ki m n ng l ng b ng c ch ki m so t k t h p t t nh t s n ph m ti t ki m n ng l ng v t tr i c a Nh t B n nh b m nhi t, n i h i hi u su t cao, v.v H th ng cung c p n c n ng N i h i t b ng d u th (V n h nh n th ) Ki m so t k t h p t t nh t H th ng chi u s ng Kh ng ki m so t chi u s ng (Chi u s ng to n b 24 gi ) Ki m so t chi u s ng th ng minh N ng l ng c th t i s d ng Cung c p n c n ng 10% Chi u s ng c m B m nhi t N i h i hi u su t cao Ti t ki m n ng l ng m t c ch hi u qu b ng 3 c ng ngh <<T l n ng l kh ch s n i u h a kh ng kh 60% ng ti u th t i Vi t Nam>> H th ng ngu n nhi t Qu n l v n h nh b ng tay Qu n l v n h nh b ng BEMS H nh lang Cung c p n c n ng Ph ng m y Ph ng kh ch H nh lang N c D n th c y b nh vi n xanh b ng c ch c i thi n m i tr ng / ti t ki m n ng l ng t i c c b nh vi n nh n c Vi t Nam ( ) Kh i qu t d n V t nh hi u su t cao trong c c b nh vi n nh n c H N i v Th nh ph H Ch Minh t i Vi t Nam, k t h p m t c ch hi u qu t t c qu t th ng gi chuy n nhi t v i m y i u h a kh ng kh Inverter (c ch c n ng l m s ch kh ng kh ) ng tin c y, v a l p k ho ch n ng cao s tho i m i v ch t l ng kh ng kh trong b nh vi n b ng c ng ngh ph t tri n th ng s k thu t trong n c thu c c ng ngh h th ng qu n l n ng l ng (EMS), v a x c ti n B nh vi n xanh th c hi n ti t ki m kh nhi u n ng l ng. Qu c gia l i t ng c a d n Vi t Nam C ng ty nh n y th c Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Mitsubishi Corporation Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities Co., Ltd a i m th c hi n d n Trung t m th nghi m-ki m nh c ng nghi p / Vi n c kh n ng l ng v m (H N i) a i m t i H N i: B nh vi n A a i m t i Th nh ph H Ch Minh: B nh vi n B i chi u B C ng Th ng Hi u qu gi m kh th i nh k nh T l gi m theo gi nh: kho ng 40% Bi n i kh CO 2: t n/n m Kh i qu t k thu t a v o s d ng * Gi tr hi u qu l gi tr d ki n Th c hi n ki m so t t i u t ng thi t b b ng c ch a v o s d ng nhi u m y i u h a kh ng kh (s d ng m y n n Inverter hi u su t cao c ch c n ng l m s ch kh ng kh ) ang ph bi n t i Nh t, thu th p d li u v tr ng th i v n h nh (nh t n s, d ng i n, nhi t ng ng, v n t c gi, v.v ) t thi t b ngo i tr i, ph n o n c ng su t m y. Ngo i ra, l p k ho ch c i thi n m i tr ng b n trong b nh vi n b ng c ch a v o s d ng t t c qu t th ng gi chuy n nhi t v th c hi n ti t ki m kh nhi u n ng l ng b ng c ch gi m b t s m t nhi t v ch. H th ng ki m so t t i u thi t b i u h a kh ng kh H s hi u qu n ng l ng Vùng có h s hi u qu năng lư ng cao C g ng v n hành khu v c này V n h nh v ng c h s hi u qu n ng l ng th p C ng su t m y 100% Th c hi n ki m soát s máy v n hành thi t b i u hòa không khí (thông gió) v n hành trong tr ng thái hi u su t (COP: H s hi u qu năng lư ng) cao nh m ti t ki m năng lư ng Th c hi n ki m soát s máy v n hành n u n m dư i vùng có h s hi u qu năng lư ng cao trong đ c tính thi t b C ng 80% 50% 30% 0% su t m y V n hành 30% t i là n m trong vùng có h s hi u qu năng lư ngth p C ng su t m y 80% 0% 80% 0% n + 1 Ki m ch ng t nh n ng m y i u h a kh ng kh S d ng thi t b o l ng nhi t trong ph ng theo h nh th c c n b ng nhi t (Nhi t l ng k ) v th c hi n ki m ch ng hi u qu c a t nh trong su t v ch nh x c. Th ng s k thu t T l c n b ng trong ngo i T 2% tr xu ng ch nh x c l p l i T 1% tr xu ng Ti u chu n ki m tra -63-

293 Phòng xúc ti n d án Thân thi n v i môi tr ng Phòng xúc ti n d án Thân thi n v i môi tr ng Phòng xúc ti n d án Thân thi n v i môi tr ng Phòng xúc ti n d án Thân thi n v i môi tr ng Phòng xúc ti n d án Thân thi n v i môi tr ng Phòng xúc ti n d án Thân thi n v i môi tr ng B i c nh và khái quát H i ngh qu c t h ng t i vi c hình thành thành ph có l ng CO2 th p Thành ph H Chí Minh thành ph Osaka Năm 2014 i u tra tính kh thi d án JCM i u tra h tr hình thành thành ph có lư ng CO2 th p d a trên s liên k t gi a Thành ph H Chí Minh Thành ph Osaka Áp d ng k thu t ti t ki m n ng l ng cho công trình xây d ng Ngày 16 tháng 1 năm 2015 Công ty c ph n xây d ng Shimizu B i c nh Cùng v i s phát tri n c a ô th hóa thì nhu c u nâng cao môi tr ng s ng ngày càng t ng cao, vi c s d ng n ng l ng trong các công trình xây d ng t i ô th không ng ng gia tăng. Khi c i t o trên quy mô l n các công trình xây d ng hi n có thì phát sinh nhu c u áp d ng các ph ng pháp ti t ki m n ng l ng, gia t ng các công trình gi m thi u tác đ ng tiêu c c t i môi trư ng. Khái quát d án T i u hóa h th ng i u hòa không khí và i u ki n s d ng i u hòa không khí v.v... T i ưu hóa thi t b chi u sáng. Qu n lý, i u khi n n ng l ng b ng cách a vào s d ng BEMS smart v.v... Hư ng t i vi c ti t ki m năng lư ng, c t gi m GHG b ng cách k t h p s n ph m, k thu t tiên ti n c a đ t nư c chúng tôi. N i dung th c hi n đi u tra trong năm nay Khái quát v công trình i t ng ánh giá Cu i tháng 5: Sau khi th o lu n v i v n phòng t i Thành ph H Chí Minh c a công ty c ph n xây d ng Shimizu thì quy t nh công trình i t ng c a FS là Sun Wah Tower T i Thành ph H Chí Minh, các công trình c xây d ng nhi u vào n a th p niên 1990 đ u đang chu n b nâng c p trang thi t b. Chúng tôi ã ch n tòa nhà Sun Wah Tower do công ty chúng tôi thi công vào n m 1997 làm công trình i t ng ánh giá. Ngày 1 ~ 5 tháng 6: công tác t i th c đ a H p v i ch tòa nhà Sun Wah Tower h hi u c vi c i u tra công trình trong n m nay. Ngoài ra, th c hi n i u tra tr c i v i công trình C u trúc công trình, m c đích Xây d ng d ng bê tông c t thép Ngày 7 tháng 7 ~ ngày 1 tháng 8: i u tra th c a i v i công trình i t ng l n th 1 Th c hi n i u tra th c a công trình Sun Wah Tower l n th 1 úng vào mùa mưa c a Thành ph H Chí Minh, ti n hành o l ng tiêu th i n trong tòa nhà, nhi t trong và ngoài phòng, môi tr ng ch t l ng không khí v.v... Ngày 8 ~ ngày 12 tháng 7: Đi u tra th c đ a Th c hi n gi i thi u d án m u c a công ty xây d ng Shimizu t i bu i h p gi i thích d án (JCM) theo hình th c tín d ng gi a hai n c dành cho t ch c t i Vi t Nam Ngày 20 2~ Ngày 22 tháng 8: công tác t i th c đ a Vào ngày 21/8 tham gia d thính h i th o đư c di n ra v i s góp m t c a đ i di n Thành ph H Chí Minh, th trư ng B môi trư ng Nh t B n, đ i di n thành ph Osaka v.v... Ngày 15 ~ngày 17 tháng 10: công tác t i th c đ a H p v i ch tòa nhà Sun Wah Tower, gi i thích k ho ch c i t o công trình. Năm hoàn thành Năm 1997 T ng di n tích sàn Kho ng 20,000 m 2 S t ng 21 t ng Phương th c ngu n nhi t Bình ng ng l nh đi u hòa không khí Phương th c đi u hòa i u hòa các t ng + FCU Đèn hu nh quang (không có ch c Phương th c chi u sáng năng ch nh sáng) B x lý không khí bên ngoài + thoát Phương th c Thông gió khí các t ng Đi u khi n, đo đ c, khác i u hòa t ng Bên ngoài công trình K t qu đi u tra th c đ a l n 1: giá tr đo n ng đ CO 2 bên ngoài công trình N ng l ng s d ng c a công trình i t ng ( i n n ng) 600 CO 2 Data Lư ng bi n đ ng lư ng tiêu th đi n (năm 2012) , , , ,000 Ppm 300 kwh/tháng 400, ,000 電力量 Lư ng ti u th i n PAU-1, 3 FLOOR 200 PAU-2, ROOF FLOOR 200, , Tháng 0 Lư ng tiêu th đi n hàng năm = 7,553 MWh/năm (378kWh/m 2 năm) Lư ng th i khí CO 2 hàng năm = 4,716 t-co 2 /năm (236 kg-co 2 /m 2 năm) Time H s th i h th ng t i Vi t Nam (CM) = t-co 2/MWh (ngu n: MONRE) -64-

294 Phòng xúc ti n d án Thân thi n v i môi tr ng Phòng xúc ti n d án Thân thi n v i môi tr ng Phòng xúc ti n d án Thân thi n v i môi tr ng Phòng xúc ti n d án Thân thi n v i môi tr ng Phòng xúc ti n d án Thân thi n v i môi tr ng K thu t ti t ki m n ng l ng c a công trình và c tính hi u qu Khái quát k thu t 1: X lý không khí bên ngoài b ng máy hút m (kh m) Lo i k thu t Tên k thu t Khái quát k thu t Ư c tính hi u qu ti t ki m năng lư ng 1 Kh m h p ph Hút đ m c a không khí bên ngoài (hơi m) vào ch t h p ph c a cánh qu t máy hút m. Đi u hóa X lý không khí bên ngoài b ng máy hút m Làm nóng nhi t đ nư c l nh Đi u khi n lư ng nư c l nh t i các t ng Khi l y ngu n không khí bên ngoài nóng m thì th c hi n kh m theo phương th c h p ph mà không s d ng máy l nh. làm mát trong phòng có th thay i nhi t t 7 như ban đ u lên 12 và có th nâng cao hi u su t máy làm l nh. Đi u khi n lưu lư ng t i thi u c n thi t đ ti t ki m năng lư ng b ng cách l p t máy b m n c l nh dùng cho máy i u hòa các t ng. 4.8% 15.5% 1.2% 33.6% Nguyên lý c a i u hòa hút m 2 Hút khí vào trong phòng Làm l nh không khí bên ngoài ã h th p m r i hút vào trong phòng (làm nóng nhi t đ c a nư c l nh) 3 Gia nhi t khí th i trong phòng Gia nhi t khí th i đ phân tách hơi m ã h p ph c Chi u sáng Đi u khi n Chi u sáng t p trung & xung quanh BEMS smart C t gi m chi u sáng không gian b ng cách k t h p s d ng hình th c chi u sáng t p trung, c t gi m lư ng l n năng lư ng chi u sáng b ng cách k t h p hình th c s d ng ánh sáng ban tr a, c m bi n chuy n đ ng, s d ng toàn b đèn LED v.v... Ti t ki m năng lư ng b ng cách k t h p v n hành t i ưu thi t b trong công trình (máy i u hòa đi n) và đi u khi n t i ưu ngu n năng lư ng 7.9% 3.5% 4 Quay l i cánh qu t Quay l i cánh qu t ch a hơi m d a vào không khí ã gia nhi t Thông gió INV hóa qu t thông gió v.v... Tri n khai phương pháp đi u khi n bi n t n qu t thông gió b ng c m bi n CO v.v... khi lưu thông lư ng không khí l n 0.7% C t gi m kho ng 4.8 % n ng l ng c a toàn công trình CO 2Ư c tính lư ng c t gi m lư ng khí th i = 4,716 t-co 2/năm 33.6% = 1,585 t-co 2/năm Thi t k đi u ki n không khí Khái quát k thu t 2: Thay i ph ng th c i u hòa (x lý không khí bên ngoài + làm nóng n c l nh) Nhi m v trong tương lai Phương hư ng K ho ch v n c a d án và k ho ch t ch c th c hi n d án: Là ch th th c hi n d án, l p k ho ch v n và phương th c t ch c th c hi n d án cho vi c thành l p công ty đa qu c gia đăng ký xin kinh phí h tr thi t b và nh ng ph n khác không bao g m trong các thi t b ph tr K ho ch thi công: L p k ho ch thi công d a trên k ho ch v n và k ho ch t ch c năng hi n Sơ đ h th ng ngu n nhi t Phương hư ng cho tương lai (d ki n) Sơ đ m t b ng các t ng tiêu chu n Sơ đ h th ng thông giá B ng cách làm nóng nư c l nh (7 12 ) có th c t gi m kho ng 15.5% năng lư ng c a toàn công trình tháng năm H ng m c Tháng 5 năm 2015 Tháng 9 năm 2015 Tháng3 năm 2017 Xin tham gia vào d án h tr thi t b JCM c a B Môi trư ng Có đư c s h tr thi t b, b t đ u c i t o công trình Hoàn thành c i t o công trình Tháng 4năm 2017~ B t u v n hành theo công trình ã c i t o C m n quý v ã chú ý l ng nghe -65-

295 T màn hình thi t b u cu i truy v n đi m L a ch n h ng m c s d ng. Xác nh n i m ã tích trên m àn hình Đi m t ng Xác nh n đi m ã tích đư c trên màn hình. Đ i Đi m t ng là Trư ng h p đ i quà, vui lòng xu t trình phi u i quà. T i qu y thông tin t ng 1 Xin quý khách vui lòng mang theo phi u đ i quà và đ i l y món quà mong mu n. T ng quan v d án đ xu t Khái quát phương pháp c t gi m GHG Phương án 1: Park And Bus Ride s d ng h t ng siêu th Aeon (P&BR) Ngư i có phi u mua hàng trư c đó c a siêu th c xe t i bãi xe c a siêu th, và s d ng xe bus đi làm. Đi u tra tính kh thi c a d án JCM thông qua vi c liên k t s d ng h t ng cơ s kinh doanh tư nhân c a Park and Ride và h th ng Eco Point (Eco Point system) nh m thúc đ y vi c s d ng xe bus Ngày 16 tháng 1 năm 2004 Phương án 2: Đi m thư ng giao thông Eco point Ng i s d ng xe buýt s c c ng i m th ng giao thông Eco point. Thúc đ y s d ng P&BR. Đi m thư ng có th s d ng đ gi m giá mua hàng ho c đ i quà. L i ích c a ngư i s d ng Đư c gi i thoát kh i môi trư ng đi làm b ng xe máy t i t Nâng cao s ti n l i c a cu c s ng b ng cách mua hàng trên đư ng đi làm v Tăng kh năng ti p c n v i s n ph m c a Nh t B n C m giác có l i c a Đi m thư ng Eco point Truy v n Đ i Đi m t ng Truy v n Ch n trên màn hình Đi m t ng Đ i Ch n trên màn hình Hãy ch m vào đây!!! hi n t i 30 đi m 200. Đ đ i quà ph icót 200đi m tr lên! H th ng đi m thư ng Eco point đư c Aeon th c hi n trên kh p c nư c (Đi m t ng) Công ty c ph n - Vi n nghiên c u t ng h p Nikken Sekkei Nhà riêng Di chuy n Di chuy n b ng xe ô tô b ng xe buýt Bãi xe c a siêu th Trung tâm thành ph Hình nh mô ph ng Park and Bus Ride B ng vi c c ng đi m Thúc đ y vi c s d ng xe bus và P&BR Quá trình và m c ích Đánh giá phương pháp lu n MRV cho siêu th Aeon s 1 (xem xét l i d a trên vi c đi u tra th c đ a theo đơn v ngu n khí th i CO2), d đoán nhu c u giao thông d a trên vi c đi u tra kh o sát và n m b t kh năng ti p nh n c a cư dân thành ph d a trên kinh nghi m và b ng ch ng th c t, hơn n a c ng đi u ch nh và đàm phán gi a Aeon Mall Vi t nam và DOT Thành ph H Chí Minh, chu n b môi trư ng đ th c hi n d án. Siêu th Aeon s 1 (năm 2014) Siêu th Aeon s 2 (d ki n năm 2014 ) Takashimaya (d ki - n năm ) K t qu đi u tra phương pháp lu n JCM Yêu c u năng l c 1 óng vai trò ph ng th c thanh toán phí xe bus, th IC c a vào s d ng. B ng vi c tri n khai th IC làm ph ng th c thanh toán phí xe buýt, có th thu th p các s li u c n thi t dư i đây nh m tính toán c t gi m lư ng GHG. Có th n m c t n su t s d ng xe buýt và kho ng cách (kho ng cách gi a các i m lên xu ng) d a trên P&BR. Có th n m c ph ng ti n lui t i bãi xe c a Aeon (phân lo i xe máy, i chung ph ng ti n, đi b ) Yêu c u dành cho th IC Lo i th : typea ho c C N i dung ghi trong th : l ch s thanh toán phí xe bus, ghi l i kho ng cách gi a các đi m lên xu ng, l ch s quá c nh bãi xe, thông tin ID ràng bu c v i B n ngh s d ng P&BR đư c mô t sau đây 2 Ph i có cơ s h t ng kinh doanh tư nhân nh m ph c v P&BR khu v c ngo i thành Ph i m b o c s h t ng kinh doanh cho bãi xe quy mô l n khu v c ngo i thành, và ph c v cho P&BR (t c là đ m b o đ lư ng đ xe d tr ). Tình tr ng phát tri n nhà khu v c lân c n (ph c n) K t qu đi u tra phương pháp lu n JCM Yêu c u năng l c 3 Ph i có tuy n ng xe buýt u t cho P&BR Có th áp d ng tuy n ng xe buýt t bãi xe t i trung tâm thành ph. Kho ng cách gi a bãi xe buýt và bãi xe ph i ng n, không có c n tr khi di chuy n b ng cách đi b. 4 B ng phương th c t o thành b khi đ t mua phi u mua hàng v i Đơn đ ngh s d ng P&BR nh m g n ngh a v n p đơn cho ngư i s d ng Đ tính toán c t gi m lư ng th i khí GHG, c n ph i xác đ nh phương ti n giao thông trư c khi chuy n sang P&BR (trư c đây), nơi và nơi đ n, phương ti n giao thông trư c đây c a ngư i s d ng P&BR. Do đó, ngư i s d ng s ghi l i các thông tin này C n ph i ngh a v hóa vi c n p Đơn đ ngh s d ng P&BR. Tuy nhiên, vi c s d ng n ngh này c ng là i u bình th ng ngay c v i P&BR trong n c, và v i t cách là ng i kinh doanh thì ây là th t c c n thi t, không th thi u i v i phía qu n lý bãi xe. 5 Phát tri n h th ng có th tính toán t đ ng c t gi m lư ng GHG C n xây d ng/ phát tri n h th ng có th t đ ng thu th p thông tin đư c ghi trong đơn đăng ký s d ng P&BR ( a ch, n i n, ng i d nh cho i cùng, ph ng ti n giao thông tr c ây), thông tin l ch s s d ng xe buýt trong th IC, thông tin ghi l i l ch s quá c nh bãi xe. V i h th ng này, có th tính toán lư ng th i GHG m t cách chính xác t i th i đi m hi n t i. Toàn b đ i tư ng giám sát JCM Chu n b trư c P&BR Di chuy n Gi lên xu ng xe buýt (đ xe) (Lên xe) Ngư i s d ng Qu n lý c s DOT H th ng tính toán Đ t mua phi u mua hàng c a Đơn đ ngh s d ng P&BR N p Ki m tra vi c có th IC (N u không có thì mua) Đăng ký s ID C ng bãi đ xe Ch m th IC Lên xe buýt Ch m th IC Xu ng xe buýt Ch m th IC S d ng trư c khi đăng ký P&BR (C a hàng) Nh p thông tin P&BR Nh p th IC s ID (C a hàng) T đ ng g i l ch s quá c nh (D)L chs lên xu ng xe buýt ID ngư i lên xu ng Ngày gi lên xu ng Kho ng cách đi m (gi a các đi m) lên xu ng Đo kho ng cách Xác đ nh phương ti n giao thông Tính m c lư ng th i qui chi u Thông tin đi chung DB Xác đ nh cách th c di chuy n (vào bãi xe) Xác đ nh lư ng th i khi di chuy n Xác đ nh lư ng c t gi m CO2 Ghi l i đi m thư ng Eco point 12 Ngày hôm sau Đi m thư ng Eco point Xác nh n L ch s thông tin đi m thư ng Eco point L y k theo đơn v tháng -66-

296 H u như không s d ng Tuy t đ i không s d ng K t qu đi u tra phương pháp lu n JCM T n su t và h ng m c giám sát 1 Thông tin c n thi t đ tính toán hi u qu c t gi m GHG: t n xu t s d ng xe buýt và bãi đ xe 2 Nguyên nhân bi n đ i/ thay đ i theo th i gian N m b t vi c thay đ i nơi L trình c a xe buýt C t gi m lư ng th i CO2 b ng cách nâng cao tính năng c a phương ti n giao thông H ng m c giám sát Phương pháp giám sát T n su t Ch th C c u qu n lý kinh doanh c a d án DOT thành ph Xúc ti n JCM B ngành liên quan (B Giao thông v n t i) Tri n khai, ch đ o P&BR Cung c p ngu n v n t i ch V n hành h th ng Ch o cho qu n lý c s và v n hành xe buýt DOT Thành ph H Chí Minh DOT c a các đ a phương Đ a ch nơi, nơi đ n Đơn đ ngh s d ng P&BR 1 l n 1 năm Qu n lý cơ s Phương ti n giao thông tham chi u Đơn đ ngh s d ng P&BR 1 l n 1 năm Qu n lý cơ s Thông tin ngư i đi chung Đơn đ ngh s d ng P&BR 1 l n 1 năm Qu n lý cơ s Công ty v n hành xe buýt Công ty v n hành xe buýt Công ty v n hành xe buýt Ý ki n đi u ch nh H p tác liên k t L ch s quá c nh c ng bãi đ xe H th ng qu n lý bãi đ xe M i l n Qu n lý cơ s T n xu t s d ng xe buýt Kho ng H th ng thanh toán th IC M i l n DOT cách các đi m lên xu ng L trình xe buýt lo i xe Đi u tra th c t Đ i soát DOT Đơn v ngu n khí th i CO2 c a xe Xác nh n b o dư ng xe Kho ng 1 l n 1 DOT buýt năm T p đoàn tài chính doanh nghi p Nh t B n (H p tác xúc ti n) T p đoàn Aeon Ngân hàng Sumitomo Chu i h th ng bán l Cung c p m t b ng H tr k thu t v.v... Giao thông d án b t đ ng s n CO2排出lư ng khí th i CO2 Phương pháp lu njcm ~Xác đ nh lư ng c t gi m GHG~ Ư c tính lư ng th i khí CO2 trư c đây sau này m t cách khoa h c d a vào k t qu đi u tra kh o sát th c hi n t i Thành ph H Chí Minh và đi u tra hành vi con ngư i t i đ a phương (d a trên k t qu ư c tính c a giáo sư Morikawa Đ i h c Nagoya) Lư ng khí th i c a d án đư c tính b ng cách nhân h s c i thi n cư c phí (h s c i thi n chi phí nhiên li u =1.4%/năm) v i lư ng th i m c lư ng th i qui chi u. V 現状のまま n gi nguyên hi n tr ng BaU K chシナリオ b n BaU 量年次 CO2 Hi u削減効果 qu c t gi m CO2 K ch リファレンスシナリオ b n qui chi u V n現状の交通利用実態が続く ti p t c tr ng thái s d ng giao但し 技術革新で thônag th c t hi CO2 n t 排出量 i. Tuy は削減する nhiên, lư ng khí th i CO2 s đư c c t gi m thông qua cu c cách m ng k thu t. フ ロシ ェクトシナリオ K chb nd án D プロジェクトが実施される án đư c th c hi n Đi u tra kh o sát v iđ i tư nglà ngư idânthành ph HCMC (M c đích) Th c hi n nh m thu th p d li u xu hư ng thay đ i hành vi giao thông đi làm c a ngư i dân thành ph đ i v i d án này (S d ng d li u ý th c) Khu v c n i đô Thành ph H Chí Minh Đi u tra hành vi con ngư i Xây d ng mô hình hànhvigiao thông Xây d ng mô hình có th d đoán hi u qu chính sách th c hi n d a vào th i gian di chuy n t ibãiđ xe, giá đ t mua trư c phi u mua hàng, t l hoàn tr đi m thư ng Eco point D tính hi u qu c t gi m GHG Ư c tính lư ng giao thông theo t ng phương ti n giao thông c a ngư i đi làmtrư c và sau khith chi n chínhsách Nhân đơn v ngu n th i theo t ng h th ng giao thông (CO2/km ngư i), d báo s thay đ i c a lư ng khí th i CO2 K t qu đi u tra phương pháp lu n JCM Đ nh lư ng hóa lư ng c t gi m GHG Th c hi n đi u tra kh o sát t i HCMC đ tính đư c hi u qu c t gi m GHG. Xây d ng mô hình d báo s d ng, th c hi n mô ph ng (Giáo sư Morikawa Đ i h c Nagoya) D li u s d ng Khu v c đ i tư ng D li u đi u tra c a JICA Thành ph H Chí Minh Năm đi u tra Năm 2013 Đ i tư ng S ngư i th ng kê Phương pháp tr l i Ngư i đi làm di chuy n trong Thành ph H Chí Minh 1020 ngư i Web & gi y i u ki n c tính mô hình xu h ng s d ng Thi t l p Th i gian di chuy n là 5 phút, phi u mua hàng là VND, Đi m thư ng Eco point là 10000VND/20 đi m Xác xu t d đoán tr l i là S s d ng Mô hình xu h T l chuy n đ i t xe máy 23.3% S ngư i chuy n đ i 4164 ngư i Ch s d ng xe máy làm tham chi u() 1832 / 年 ng s d ng S d ng hoàn toàn VND VND VND Mi n phí S d ng hoàn toàn VND/40 l n VND/30 l n VND/20 l n Không c ng đi m Thay S d ng ph n l n Không bi t H u như không s d ng Tuy t đ i không s d ng Tăng s ngư i s d ng Thay đ i s ti n c a phi u mua hàng S d ng ph n l n Không bi t Gi m ngư i s d ng i s ti n khuy n mãi theo s l n s d ng B プロジェクト開始 t đ u d án Hàng năm Sau khi tri n khai s d ng P&BR 1705 / 年 Lư ng c t gi m 127 / 年 T l c t gi m CO2 6.9% Lư ng c t gi m sau khi th c hi n d án Year Lư ng khí th i tham chi u (tco 2e ) Lư ng khí th i c a d án (tco 2e ) Lư ng c t gi m (tco 2e ) T ng l (tco 2e ) Xem xét kh năng ti p nh n c a cư dân thành ph d a trên b ng ch ng th c t Ki m ch ng kh năng ti p nh n c a cư dân thành ph d a trên b ng ch ng th c t T gi a tháng 1 năm 2014, v n hành tuy n xe buýt ch y th ng chuyên dùng cho P&BR t siêu th Aeon Mall Tân Phú Celadon đ n ch B n Thành trong 2 tu n đ ki m ch ng kh năng ti p nh n c a cư dân thành ph đ i v i h th ng này. K ho ch v n hành Gi cao đi m bu i sáng (7:30~8:00): v n hành 2 chi c t Aeon ch B n Thành Gi cao đi m bu i t i (17:30~18:30): v n hành 2 chi c t ch B n Thành Aeon T t c lư ng c t gi m đ u là năng lư ng ngu n phát sinh CO2 (D a trên vi c c t gi m nhiên li u cho xe ô tô) Xe buýt c a hãng Isuzu 1chi c B40 1 chi c -67-

297 K ho ch thương m i hóa trong năm sau Th IC s đư c tri n khai s d ng vào kho ng năm 2019 (câu tr l i c a DOT) Do đó, th i đi m hi n t i s th c hi n trư c d án P&BR. Do chưa đưa vào s d ng th IC nên s tri n khai xe buýt có phí nhiên li u th p theo l trình P&BR này đ th c hi n MRV liên quan t i lư ng c t gi m đó. K th I Th c hi n P&BR (siêu th Aeon Mall Tân Phú Celado v.v...) + Tri n khai xe buýt có chi phí nhiên li u th p cho l trình này (Tính toán hi u qu c t gi m b ng vi c h chi phí nhiên li u c a xe buýt) Tri n khai th IC K th II Tri n khai MRV sau khi ã áp d ng th IC (Tính thêm c hi u qu c t gi m chuy n đ i nhu c u t xe máy + xe ô tô) -68-

298 Tóm t t d án D án xác đ nh hi u qu c a vi c gi m phát th i khí CO2 nh m m r ng ngành công nghi p tái ch c a Nh t B n ra th trư ng qu c t năm 2014 Xây d ng chu trình tái ch rác th c ph m t i thành ph H Chí Minh, Vi t Nam Công ty TNHH Hitachi Zosen D án này là m t d án th m đ nh nh m ki m tra, đánh giá đ phát tri n m t chu trình tái ch rác th i th c ph m t i thành ph H Chí Minh, bao g m d án phân lo i rác th i t i h gia ình, s n xu t đi n t quá trình tiêu hóa k khí s d ng rác th i ã đư c phân lo i và s n xu t phân bón h u cơ t bã th i c a quá trình tiêu hóa k khí. Quá trình th c hi n d án k t thúc vào tháng 3 năm Trong d án này chúng tôi l p đ t m t b n y m khí công su t 500 kg/ngày đ ti n hành chu trình tái ch và nghiên c u các kh năng nhân r ng chu trình t i thành ph H Chí Minh. 2 Tóm t t d án Ngành s n xu t Ngành nông nghi p tái ch Công ty Satisfactory Tiêu th Qu n 1 có nhi u ngư i giàu Giao hàng t i nhà/ Antenna shop Khu v c ho t đ ng m c tiêu Ngành tái ch S n xu t đi n t T t i nhà ch t th i, rác đô th Công ty Hitachi Kozen Công ty Satisfactory Công ty EJ Business Partners Phân lo i rác Ngu n cung c p n đ nh nguyên Rác th c ph m li u khí sinh hóa Lo i rác khác B nư c L p đ t các b t phân th i t ho i lo i-thu gom Thu gom-v n chuy n N u có th đ m b o rác phân lo i t t Phân ph i N u lư ng cung quá nhi u Thu gom-v n chuy n Ch t c n Lên men mêtan Nhi t Nông nghi p Thiêu h y Khí mêtan lư ng h u cơ Phân h u Dung d ch lên men dùng trong nông nghi p cơ Tro Phân bón Cung c p l ng Bán gas Mêtan lên men t rác đi n th i t i ch Lên men Rác th c Chôn l p Công ty Hitachi Kozen ph m mêtan Công ty Satisfactory Liên k t gi a thành ph Osaka và thành ph H Chí Minh 3 Ti n đ c a vi c ti n hành d án D án này đư c lên k ho ch d a trên nh ng yêu c u a ra b i Ban lãnh o b Tài nguyên và Môi trư ng trong d p đ n Nh t B n vào tháng 4 năm Nh ng yêu c u t thành ph H Chí Minh: 1.M r ng các d án phân lo i-thu gom rác trên kh p qu n 1 xây d ng pháp l nh, quy đ nh phân lo i, v.v... 2.Tái sinh năng lư ng t rác th c ph m l p đ t nhà máy th nghi m t o khí sinh h c 3.Đào t o nhân l c th h tr 4 K t c u tri n khai d án Ti n đ Ⅰ B Môi trư ng, thành ph Osaka Năm th 1:tháng 11 năm 2014 ~ tháng 03 năm 2015 Công ty Satisfactory International Hitachi Zosen Công ty EJ Business Partners Công ty Phát tri n công ngh Eight-Japan Vi n nghiên c u môi trư ng qu c gia Trung tâm môi trư ng toàn c u Vi n Nghiên c u thông tin 5 (1)Phân lo i và thu gom rác th c ph m t i ngu n Nghiên c u cơ b n, nghiên c u đưa ra các nguyên t c phân lo i, chu n b các trang thi t b c n thi t, ho t đ ng giáo d c, thu th p d li u v mô hình th nghi m th 1 (2)Thi t b th nghi m t o khí sinh h c Xác nh n đ a đi m l p đ t, chu n b v n chuy n thi t b, đào t o k thu t viên v n hành thi t b (t i Nh t B n) (3)Ki m tra tính kh thi, nghiên c u v lư ng gi m phát th i khí CO2, v.v... Thu th p các thông tin cơ b n, t o ra các công c đ xác đ nh tính hi u qu c a vi c gi m phát th i khí CO

299 Ti n đ Ⅱ Ti n đ Ⅲ Năm th 2: tháng 04 năm 2015 ~ tháng 03 năm 2016 (1) Phân lo i và thu gom rác th c ph m t i ngu n Ti n hành th nghi m phân lo i và thu gom rác, phân tích các k t qu v phân lo i rác t i ngu n, sau đó ti p t c phân lo i và thu gom th nghi m theo hư ng c i ti n. (2) Thi t b th nghi m t o khí sinh h c V n chuy n trang thi t b, xây d ng cơ s h t ng, v n hành th nghi m, v n hành chính th c. (3) Ki m tra tính kh thi, nghiên c u v lư ng gi m phát th i khí CO2, v.v... Thu th p thông tin cơ b n, đánh giá tính hi u qu c a vi c gi m thi u khí th i CO2 Năm th 3: tháng 04 năm 2016 ~ tháng 03 năm 2017 (1) Phân lo i và thu gom rác th c ph m t i ngu n Ti n hành th nghi m phân lo i và thu gom rác, phân tích các k t qu v phân lo i rác t i ngu n, sau đó ti p t c phân lo i và thu gom th nghi m theo hư ng c i ti n, xem xét vi c m r ng phân lo i rác t i ngu n. (2) Thi t b th nghi m t o khí sinh h c V n hành các trang thi t b th nghi m v i rác th i ã đư c phân lo i, thi t k máy móc thi t b chính th c. (3) Ki m tra tính kh thi, nghiên c u v lư ng gi m phát th i khí CO2, v.v... D toán tính kh thi v m t thương m i, xác đ nh hi u qu c a vi c gi m thi u khí th i CO Ki m tra trang thi t b Đánh giá th c tr ng đ n th i đi m hi n t i Máy nghi n N i hơi Máy phân lo i Thi t b lo i b d v t Máy thoát nư c B n lên men mêtan Bình ch a khí <Phân lo i r c th c ph m t i ngu n> T th ng 9 n m ngo i, ch ng t i th o lu n v i S t i nguy n m i trư ng v Qu n 1 th nh ph H Ch Minh v x c nh ư c v tr ti n h nh t i phư ng B n Ngh. T i Nh t B n, thành ph Osaka, Vi n nghi n c u Môi trư ng qu c gia và công ty Satisfactory ã th o lu n v c c phương th c t p hu n cho ngư i d n v li t k c c n i dung c n th c hi n. Tháng 12 năm ngoái, t i thành ph H Chí Minh, ch ng t i tr nh b y v c c ho t ng t p hu n ư c th c hi n t i th nh ph Osaka v th o lu n v k ho ch trong tương lai th nh ph H Ch Minh Đánh giá th c tr ng đ n th i đi m hi n t i <Hi u qu c a vi c gi m khí th i CO2> Hi n nay, t nh to n hi u qu c a vi c gi m ph t th i kh CO2 ư c tr nh b y dư i y: K ch b n tham chi u Do ph n l n r c th i ư c ch n l p t i c c b i r c th nh ph H Ch Minh n n to n b lư ng r c th i m c ti u (t c 100 t n/ng y r c th i h u cơ ư c ph n lo i) ư c gi nh ch n l p t i b i r c. Trong trư ng h p n y, lư ng kh CO2 ph t th i ư c t nh to n theo m h nh FOD l t n CO2/n m. K ch b n d n Lư ng khí CO2 phát th i trong k ch b n này s là t n CO2/năm v i gi đ nh: - Lư ng khí metan: 100 m3 khí CH4/t n rác - Hi u su t phát đi n c a đ ng cơ gas: 35% - Bán đi n năng dư th a thông qua k t n i lư i đi n. Lư ng gi m kh CO2 Như t nh to n t k ch b n tr n, t ng lư ng gi m ph t th i kh CO2 s l t n CO2/n m. 11 Ti n đ d án D a trên k t qu d án ki m đ nh trong 3 năm này (đánh giá tính kh thi), chúng ta s ti n h nh c c ho t ng chu n b (xin gi y phép, thi công công trình) t n m Ch ng ta ph i ti p t c duy tr ch t lư ng c a r c ư c ph n lo i v m r ng khu v c ti n h nh ph n lo i r c t i ngu n D án ki m đ nh Chu n b ho t đ ng M r ng phân lo i rác B t đ u ho t đ ng

300 Chương trình Ki m kê Khí nhà kính cho Thành ph H Chí Minh N i dung I. Gi i thi u chung II. Phương pháp và ti n đ III. Nh n xét IV. K ho ch giai đo n ti p theo Văn phòng Bi n đ i khí h u Thành ph H Chí Minh 16 tháng 01 năm I. Gi i thi u chung S c n thi t: I. Gi i thi u chung S c n thi t: Đáp ng yêu c u c a h th ng pháp lý v ng phó v i bi n đ i khí h u t c p đ qu c t, qu c gia đ n đ a phương. H tr tri n khai các d án trong khuôn kh Biên b n ghi nh h p tác v Cơ ch Tín d ng chung (JCM) gi a Vi t Nam và Nh t B n và Biên b n ghi nh h p tác Phát tri n Thành ph cacbon th p gi a Osaka và TP.HCM. QUAN TR C (Measurement/Monitoring) Thu th p s li u liên quan đ n các ngu n phát th i/h p ph KNK. BÁO CÁO (Reporting) Tính toán (lư ng phát th i ho c gi m phát th i KNK). TH M Đ NH (Verification) Ki m tra s li u và k t qu tính toán. MRV là công c h tr : Xác đ nh m c tiêu và xây d ng chính sách/d án Xác nh n đ tin c y v hi u qu c a các gi i pháp Kêu g i h tr k thu t và tài chính 3 4 I. Gi i thi u chung I. Gi i thi u chung S c n thi t: Thúc đ y các gi i pháp nâng cao hi u qu s d ng năng lư ng. Tăng cư ng hi u qu s d ng và b o v tài nguyên thiên nhiên. Góp ph n xây d ng m t thành ph b n v ng và ít phát th i cac-bon. M c tiêu: Xác đ nh t ng lư ng khí nhà kính phát th i trên đ a bàn TP.HCM. Xác đ nh các l nh v c phát th i khí nhà kính tr ng đi m. Đ xu t gi i pháp và tính toán lư ng gi m phát th i khí nhà kính cho các l nh v c phát tri n đô th trên đ a bàn TP.HCM

301 I. Gi i thi u chung Ph m vi: Đ a lý: toàn thành ph, nhưng t p trung vào các khu v c và nhóm đ i tư ng tr ng đi m c a t ng l nh v c. Th i gian: L nh v c: Năm 2014: Năng lư ng; Ch t th i r n; Nư c th i; Nông nghi p; C p nư c. Năm 2015: Thu th p s li u chi ti t hơn cho các l nh v c trên; M r ng thêm l nh v c Công nghi p, Xây d ng, Y t và Du l ch. N i dung I. Gi i thi u chung II. Phương pháp và ti n đ III. Nh n xét IV. K ho ch giai đo n ti p theo 7 8 II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 1. Li t kê và phân lo i: Các l nh v c liên quan c n thu th p s li u theo th t ưu tiên; Các nhóm l nh v c và thành ph n chi ti t nh t có th ; Các ngu n phát th i ho c h p ph khí nhà kính; Các lo i thông tin và s li u c n thu th p; Các cơ quan, đơn v, nhóm đ i tư ng c n thu th p s li u. II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 2. Thu th p s li u đư c áp d ng v i c 2 hư ng ti p c n: Thu th p s li u t ng th t các cơ quan qu n lý đ u m i đ ki m kê toàn b hi n tr ng phát th i/h p ph KNK TP.HCM. Kh o sát các nhóm đ i tư ng II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 2. Thu th p s li u: ĐI N: s li u chi ti t đ n t ng nhóm thành ph n ph t i và theo t ng khu v c c p đi n. (Ngu n: EVNHCMC) Lư ng đi n tiêu th phân chia theo l nh v c (MWh) T L nh v c T 1 Nông lâm, th y, h i s n , , ,254 2 Công nghi p, , , ,416 Xây d ng 3 Thương m i, , , ,866 Khách s n 4 Qu n lý, tiêu dùng dân cư , , ,593 5 Khác , , ,184 T ng , , , II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 2. Thu th p s li u: NHIÊN LI U: o S li u v lư ng nhiên li u tiêu th TP.HCM t S Công thương và các công ty kinh doanh xăng, d u đ u m i l n (Petrolimex, SaigonPetro, Thai Son Petrol, Công ty l c hóa d u Nam Vi t). o S li u t các hãng taxi l n (Vinasun, Mai Linh, Vinataxi). o S li u v xe buýt CNG. T ng lư ng xăng d u nh p kh u và xu t kh u trên đ a bàn TP.HCM giai đo n (Ngu n: S Công thương) Năm Nh p kh u (1000 t n) Xu t kh u (1000 t n) 11,472 12,721 12,964 12,705 9,853 10,652 1,097 1,211 1,198 1,924 1,346 2,

302 II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 2. Thu th p s li u: CH T TH I R N: thông tin, s li u v toàn b h th ng qu n lý ch t th i r n c a TP.HCM. II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 2. Thu th p s li u: NƯ C TH I: thông tin, s li u v toàn b h th ng x lý nư c th i sinh ho t, y t và công nghi p c a TP.HCM. Bi u đ t l kh i lư ng ch t th i r n phát sinh tính theo đ u ngư i c a t ng qu n (Ngu n: S Tài nguyên và Môi trư ng) II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 2. Thu th p s li u: Nhà máy nư c th i Các s li u thu th p đ tính toán lư ng phát Bình H ng Bình H ng Hòa Tân Quy Đông th i L ng n c x lý (m 3 / năm) Đi n năng (kwh/năm) Đi n năng (kwh/m 3 ) 0,182 0,294 0,68 Hóa ch t s d ng - NaOCl 12%: Chlorine: 0,348 (t n/năm) - Polymer: 22,8 Lư ng bùn th i phát sinh (t n/năm) II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 2. Thu th p s li u: C P NƯ C: o Ngu n thông tin: SAWACO và các nhà máy x lý nư c : Th Đ c, BOO Th Đ c, BOT Bình An, Tân Hi p, Kênh Đông, Tân Phú. o S li u: Quy trình công ngh Đi n năng và hóa ch t tiêu th Ph ng pháp x lý bùn B cô đ c tr ng l c. Máy cô đ c ly tâm. Máy tách nư c ly tâm -> bùn -> nhà lên men và tr n tr u -> bánh bùn Sân phơi bùn - 15 Lư ng bùn phát sinh và phương pháp x lý 16 II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 2. Thu th p s li u: C P NƯ C: II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 2. Thu th p s li u: NÔNG NGHI P: o Tr ng tr t o Chăn nuôi o Th y s n o Lâm nghi p o Th y l i o Phát tri n nông thôn Sơ đ h th ng c p nư c c a TP.HCM (Ngu n: SAWACO)

303 II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 2. Thu th p s li u: KH O SÁT NHÓM Đ I TƯ NG: t p trung kh o sát thói quen tiêu th năng lư ng, tài nguyên và th i b ch t th i r n t o cơ s ban đ u đ đ nh hư ng gi i pháp và m r ng kh o sát. o 1000 h gia ình, phân b 5 qu n. o 40 đơn v kinh doanh d ch v (khách s n, nhà hàng, siêu th, ch ). o Các nhà máy x lý nư c và ch t th i. o Kh o sát thí đi m v thói quen s d ng phương ti n giao thông cá nhân. II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 3. Tính phát th i KNK: Phương pháp tr c ti p: Tính tr c ti p lư ng phát th i / h p ph KNK t d li u thu th p đư c (ch y u theo b Hư ng d n c a IPCC và các công th c s n có). Lư ng phát th i KNK = AD x EF AD (activity data): D li u đ nh lư ng v m c đ c a m i ho t đ ng. EF (emission factor): H s phát th i ho c h p ph KNK tương ng v i m i đơn v ho t đ ng II. Phương pháp và ti n đ II. Phương pháp và ti n đ 3. Tính phát th i KNK: Phương pháp gián ti p: Xây d ng công th c cho các phép tính chưa có hư ng d n và các trư ng h p thi u s li u. Phương pháp ki m tra chéo: So sánh d li u và k t qu gi a phương pháp tính tr c ti p và gián ti p; So sánh k t qu tính toán v i các quy ho ch, k ho ch hi n h u trong t ng l nh v c. 4. Báo cáo và th m đ nh: BÁO CÁO (Reporting) Tính toán và báo cáo k t qu ki m kê KNK TH M Đ NH (Verification) Th m đ nh báo cáo và đánh giá k t qu ki m kê KNK II. Phương pháp và ti n đ Phát th i KNK TP.HCM (2013) [K t qu ban đ u] L nh v c Theo hư ng d n c a IPCC & báo cáo c a TP.HCM Phát th i KNK [Gg CO 2 eq.] Lưu ý Năng lư ng ,47 21% lư ng t ng c a VN năm 2005 Nhiên li u 5.191,83 Đi n C p nư c 116,18 Ch y u là tiêu th đi n năng Quá trình s n xu t công nghi p Nông nghi p 630,79 0.8% lư ng t ng c a VN năm 2005 S d ng đ t và Lâm nghi p Ch t th i 822,91 10% lư ng t ng c a VN năm 2005 Ch t th i r n và bãi chôn l p 772,91 Nư c th i NE Sinh ho t, công nghi p, y t Các l nh v c khác 50,00 Lò đ t, s n xu t compost T ng lư ng phát th i khí nhà kính ,17 T ng c a Năng lư ng, Nông nghi p & Ch t th i 8.9% lư ng t ng c a VN năm 2005 Lưu ý: Tính toán b i IGES t d li u do VPBĐKH TP.HCM thu th p. V n d ng B hư ng d n IPCC K t qu có th đư c rà soát l i sau khi có thêm d li u và s al i. L nh v c S n xu t công nghi p và S d ng đ t & Lâm nghi p chưa đư c tính toán ( NE ). NE NE 23 N i dung I. Gi i thi u chung II. Phương pháp và ti n đ III. Nh n xét IV. K ho ch giai đo n ti p theo

304 III. Nh n xét Đánh giá sơ b : Ngu n s li u ch y u đư c thu th p t các cơ quan qu n lý đ u m i Tính xác th c và đ tin c y cao. B s li u bao ph g n h t các l nh v c tr ng đi m Có th ph c v vi c ki m kê KNK cho các năm 2011, 2012 và 2013 ch n năm cơ s là C n b sung thêm s li u trong giai đo n ti p theo. IV. Nh n xét H n ch : H n ch v kinh phí và nhân l c cho vi c kh o sát chi ti t các nhóm đ i tư ng Giai đo n đ u ch t p trung vào kh o sát thí đi m m t s đ i tư ng. Ngu n d li u r t l n nhưng l i thi u đ ng b Khó khăn trong vi c t ng h p thông tin và tính toán chi ti t. Ví d : l nh v c nhiên li u, công nghi p. C n có cơ ch c p nh t s li u theo h th ng N i dung I. Gi i thi u chung II. Phương pháp và ti n đ III. Nh n xét IV. K ho ch giai đo n ti p theo IV. K ho ch giai đo n ti p theo X lý, phân tích s li u Thu th p s li u b sung Tính toán ki m kê KNK Xác đ nh m c tiêu gi m phát th i KNK cho t ng l nh v c Xây d ng đ cương cơ ch c p nh t s li u hàng năm Xây d ng b cơ s d li u Xây d ng h th ng c p nh t và chia s s li u Tháng Chân thành c m ơn