ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL MIP/EC ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL DIRECT SENSING SAMPLING INSTALLATION INJECTIONS

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1 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL MIP/EC ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL DIRECT SENSING SAMPLING INSTALLATION INJECTIONS

2 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL MIP/EC What is the Membrane Interface Probe? The Membrane Interface Probe (MIP) is rapid, high-resolution field screening technology that provides information about relative concentrations of VOCs in the subsurface, and the Electrical Conductivity of the soil. The MIP uses a thin film fluorocarbon polymer membrane approx. 6.35mm in diameter which stays in direct contact with the soil during MIP logging. The thin film membrane is impregnated into a stainless steel screen which serves as a rigid support for the fluorocarbon polymer. The down-hole, permeable membrane serves as an interface to a detector at the surface. Volatiles in the subsurface are getting transferred across the membrane and partition into a stream of carrier gas where they are swept to the detector. The membrane is heated in order to facilitate VOC transfer and self-cleaning.

3 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL MIP/EC THE SYSTEM

4 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL MIP/EC Flame Ionization Detector t Air/H 2 Organic analytes are pyrolyzed in Flame an air/h i/ 2 flame Ions are produced in the plasma around dthe flame proportional to number of carbons present Positive voltage is applied to collector; negative to the flame bd body Ions migrate to collector producing a current (signal) Rubinson and Rubinson (2000)

5 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL MIP/EC Photoionization Detector An UV source ionizes all the molecules in the column effluent Ions produced are collected resulting in a current flow

6 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL MIP/EC Electron Capture Detector How it Works Column effluent is passed over a ß - emitter Tritium or 63-Ni The carrier gas is ionized Ab burst of e - is produced d with each radioactive decay Potential is applied between the collector (anode) and the detector body (cathode) Produces a constant background current The current flow decreases in the presence of analyte molecules The analyte captures the emitted electrons Detector Characteristics Sensitive to molecules containing electronegative functional groups (e.g. Cl - ) Non-linear response to analyte concentration

7 MIP DIRECT SENSING MIP DETECTORS MIP Detection Limits Contaminates Detection Limit Carrier Gas PID BTEX 1 PPM Nitrogen, Helium FID Methane, Butane NA Nitrogen, Helium ECD Chlorinateds 250PPB Nitrogen

8 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL MIP/EC THE MIP SYSTEM SIDE Rods Generator

9 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL MIP/EC Production rates: 150 to 300 per day. The production rate of the MIP is affected by : the number of logging locations the depth of logging g subsurface conditions access restrictions probe hole abandonment requirements weather

10 MIP DIRECT SENSING MIP LOGGING

11 MIP DIRECT SENSING Pre Log Response

12 MIP DIRECT SENSING Example of a Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet graphically displaying FID/PID/ECD and Conductivity Logs.

13 MIP DIRECT SENSING Post Log Response

14 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL MIP/EC The Gator

15 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL MIP/EC Gator In Action

16 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL CPT/MIP

17 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL CPT/MIP Cone Penetration Testing (CPT)

18 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL CPT/MIP CPT/MIP CPT is (Cone( Penetration Testing) commonly used to determine the subsurface stratigraphy in-situ and to estimate geotechnical parameters of the materials present in the subsurface. Efficiency of technology (lightweight, mobile) Efficiency of technology (lightweight, mobile) Innovative cone penetration technique Repeatable penetration results Cost savings over more traditional boring and sampling methods

19 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL CPT/MIP CPT/MIP

20 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL CPT/MIP CPT/MIP Unit

21 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL CPT/MIP CPT/MIP Anchoring

22 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL CPT/MIP Tip Pressure Lithology Description Sleeve Friction Friction Ratio Pore Pressure CPT Response Graph

23 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL CPT/MIP

24 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL DATA INTEGRATION SHAREPOINT WEBSITE FOR DATA SHARING

25 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL DATA INTEGRATION Installed MW overlay ECD Background Slice Sampling Event Data Lithology Overlay ECD Graph Overlay Cross-section from a 2D ECD Fence Slice.

26 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL DATA INTEGRATION Using 3D modeling software, we can generate true 3D Solid Models. This Plan View model was created using ECD data from a recent MIP project. Any orientation can be displayed and cross-sections or fence diagrams can be created.

27 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL DATA INTEGRATION 3D ECD Fence Model

28 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL DATA INTEGRATION 3D ECD Solid Plume Model

29 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL New HPT

30 ZEBRA ENVIRONMENTAL HPT New direct push technologies HPT Logging Rhode Island

31 Hydraulic Profiling Components

32 Hydraulic Profiling Probe

33 Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT)

34 Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT)

35 HPT Operational Theory 2 cm/sec Advance probe at constant rate Inject water at low flow rate Measure formation pressure response

36 HPT Conductivity KDHE1-5th and Pine - Salina, KS - 4/6/ Ele ectrical Condu uctivity (ms/m) Depth (ft) Electrical Conductivity (ms/m) HPT Pressure (psi) (psi) HPT Pressure

37 HPT Pressure KDHE2-5th and Pine - Salina, KS - 4/7/ Elec ctrical Condu uctivity (ms/m) Depth (ft) Electrical Conductivity (ms/m) HPT Pressure (psi) (psi) HPT Pressure

38 Dissipation Test SWL = Depth Static Pressure 52ft 21psi = 31ft Depth 52ft Flow = 0 ROP = 0 Static Pressure 21psi

39 Static Water Level KDHE3-5th and Pine - Salina, KS - 4/11/06 Electric cal Conductiv vity (ms/m) Depth (ft) Electrical Conductivity (ms/m) HPT Pressure (psi) (psi) HP PT Pressure SWL = Depth Static Pressure

40 HPT SOLUTIONS 31 ft MW Wells Injection Wells DPT Injection

41 Case Study MIP/HPT NJ Site

42 Case Study MIP/HPT NJ Site MIP LOG

43 Case Study MIP/HPT NJ Site HPT LOG

44 Case Study MIP/HPT NJ Site

45 Case Study MIP/HPT NJ Site

46 Case Study - HPT VA Site HPT VA SITE

47 Case Study - HPT VA Site Flow Zero Pressure High EC Sand

48 Case Study - HPT VA Site

49 Case Study - HPT VA Site Different Radius of Influence

50 Example Tampa Bay Site

51 MIP DIRECT SENSING For more information about the Membrane Interface Probe: PROBE-IT ZEBRA Environmental Corporation 2007