P60. More information on the set of CEN standards for the EPBD. [Information on Standardisation] > Introduction

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[Information on Standardisation] P60 10-03-2008 Jaap Hogeling ISSO Chair CEN/BT TF173 on EPBD Dick van Dijk TNO Built Environment and Geosciences The Netherlands www.buildingsplatform.

1 [Information on Standardisation] P Jaap Hogeling ISSO Chair CEN/BT TF173 on EPBD Dick van Dijk TNO Built Environment and Geosciences The Netherlands Other Information papers: See in particular: P02 and P40 on CEN standards P03 and P27 on Certification P10 on Minimum EP requirements P25 and P26 on Calculation procedures All information papers can be downloaded from the website More information on the set of CEN standards for the EPBD This report is a follow up to Information Papers P02 and P40 on CEN standards developed to support the implementation of the EPBD in the EU Member States. It contains additional details and an update of the status of the standards. 1 > Introduction The European Commission has mandated CEN (M343) to produce a set of standards to support Member States for the national implementation of the EPBD. The first Information Paper on CEN standards (P02, April 2006) provides basic information on the CEN standardisation work. The second paper on CEN activities (P40, May 2007) contains more details and an update of the status. This third paper gives an overview of all the standards, their final titles and numbers. 2 > Are all standards completed and published? Introduction Yes, in principle we may state that all standards are completed. A few titles, although already approved in Formal Vote, are still in the process of being published by CEN and the National Standardisation Body. Four titles are still in the Formal Voting procedure and therefore only available as pren text. These are: two parts of EN15316 on heating generation systems and two parts of EN15377 on design of embedded water based surface heating and cooling systems. Until now all EPBD standards have passed the Formal Vote(FV) succesfully and it is expected that these last 4 parts will pass soon. Passing the FV means that the text of the standard to be published as EN or EN-ISO will be almost the same as the final draft distributed for FV. Almost means that editorial improvements may have been made. Therefore it is advisable to use the official final version published by the National Standard Bodies (NSB). Most NSBs have national websites where you can find these final versions by typing in the number of the standard. On the NSB website you can also see if this version is still in the publishing pipeline and only available as pren or already available as EN. The website also gives you information on the language version available at your NSB.

2 CEN standardisation activities: The CEN Technical Report TR (the so called "Umbrella Document") gives an overview of all EPBD related standards, including common definitions. See also Information Paper P40 for more information on the set of CEN standardisation activities. Overview of the list of standards. Under the mandate M343 about 28 standards have been produced, covering the different elements of the calculation procedures, system inspection procedures and other relevant procedures. From these 28 standards 17 are new, 9 are updates of existing standards and 2 already existed. A guidance document ("Umbrella Document") produced on the application of the standards has been produced. This CEN Technical Report TR shows the main relations between the standards and is helpful in understanding how to use the different standards. The main relations between different (clusters of) CEN standards are shown in figure 1, which can also be found in the CEN TR15615 "Umbrella Document". The starting point is the EPBD. The requirements as given in various articles and the Annex of the EPBD have been the starting point for developing the set of CEN standards. Methodology for calculating energy performance (EPBD Article 3 and Annex) Energy Performance Requirement new buildings EPBD Art. 4, 5 major renovations EPBD Art. 4, 6 Energy performance Ways of expressing energy performance EN Energy Performance Certificate and Recommendations EPBD Art. 7 EP Certificate format and content Energy certification of buildings EN Overall energy use, primary energy, CO2 emissions Total delivered energy Procedures for calculated and measured energy rating EN System inspections EPBD Art. 8, 9 Heating systems with boilers pren Air conditioning EN Ventilation systems EN System and building energy needs for heating, cooling, humidification, dehumidification, hot water, lighting and ventilation systems EN ISO 13790, EN , EN , EN 15243, EN , EN , EN 15265, EN 15193, EN 15241, EN Definitions and terminology, external climate data, indoor conditions, overheating and solar protection, thermal performance of building components, ventilation and air infiltration,.. e.g.: EN ISO 6946, EN ISO 13370, EN ISO , EN 13947, EN ISO 10211, EN ISO , EN ISO 14683, EN ISO 10456, EN 15242, EN 13779, EN 15251, EN ISO 15927, EN ISO 7345, EN ISO 9288, EN ISO 925, EN hogeling@isso.nl 9 Fig. 1. Basic scheme of CEN standards see TR15615 Common definitions As explained in Information Paper P40, many of the standards were not developed from scratch, and each standard was prepared by a group of experts organised within one of the CEN Technical Committees, each with their specific background and expertise (building, heating, ventilation, lighting, etcetera). This was also reflected in the terminology, which was not necessarily the same in all CEN Technical Committees and which could easily lead to confusion. To avoid possible confusion and help the users of the standard and software developers a database is being developed. A first version of the database with links between the EPBD related CEN standards is now available. This first version contains, among others, an overview of the general definitions given in the TR 15615, the so called EPBD Buildings Platform > P060_EN_EPBD_CEN_March2008 2

3 The EPBD Buildings Platform collaborates with key Community initiatives like ManagEnergy, the EU Sustainable Energy Campaign and other key European actions and supported projects, as well as leading European conferences. Links Partners "Umbrella Document". In future this database will be expanded with hyperlinks between the main input and output variables in the main CEN standards to support the EPBD. To access the database click here. In addition to that, a list of common symbols and subscripts was prepared for the main physical quantities that are commonly used in the top level standards. 3 > Status and prospects The list of standards: OVERVIEW OF THE EPBD STANDARDS GENERAL TR Explanation of the general relationship between various European standards and the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) - Umbrella document. EN Energy performance of buildings Methods for expressing energy performance and for energy certification of buildings EN Energy performance of buildings Overall energy use and definition of energy ratings GROUP OF HEATING SYSTEM STANDARDS EN Heating systems in buildings Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies Part 1: General EN Heating systems in buildings Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies Part 2-1: Space heating emission systems EN15316 part 4 Heating systems in buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies * EN Space heating generation Combustion systems pren Space heating generation Heat pump systems EN Heat generation systems, thermal solar systems. EN Heat generation systems, building-integrated cogeneration systems. EN Space heating generation systems, the performance and quality of district heating and large volume systems. EN Heat generation systems, photovoltaic systems pren Space heating generation Biomass combustion systems EN Heating systems in buildings Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies Part 2-3: Space heating distribution systems. EN15316 part 3 Heating systems in buildings Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies EN Domestic hot water systems, characterisation of needs (tapping-patterns). EN Part 3-2: Domestic hot water systems, distribution. EN Domestic hot water systems, generation. * EN15316 Parts 4.2, 4.7 are still in the Formal Vote procedure (April 2008) EPBD Buildings Platform > P060_EN_EPBD_CEN_March2008 3

4 GROUP OF VENTILATION & COOLING SYSTEM STANDARDS EN15242 Ventilation for buildings Calculation methods for the determination of air flow rates in buildings including infiltration EN15241 Ventilation for buildings Calculation methods for energy losses due to ventilation and infiltration in commercial buildings EN13779 Ventilation for non residential buildings Performance requirements for ventilation and room conditioning systems (revision of EN ) EN15243 Calculation of room temperatures and of load and energy for buildings with room conditioning systems GROUP OF CALCULATION STANDARDS: Calculation procedures or performance requirements for calculation procedures EN-ISO13790 Energy performance of buildings Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling EN15255 Thermal performance of buildings Sensible room cooling load calculation General criteria and validation procedures EN15265 Thermal performance of buildings Calculation of energy needs for space heating and cooling systems using dynamic methods General criteria and validation procedures EN-ISO Thermal performance of buildings - Calculation of internal temperatures of a room in summer without mechanical cooling - General criteria and validation procedures (2004). EN-ISO Thermal performance of buildings Calculation of internal temperatures of a room in summer without mechanical cooling Simplified methods ( 2005) GROUP OF SUPPORTING STANDARDS EN15193 Energy performance of buildings Energy requirements for lighting EN15232 Energy performance of buildings Impact of building automation, controls and building management. EN Design of embedded water based surface heating and cooling systems in 3 parts: EN Determination of the design heating and cooling capacity EN Design, dimensioning and installation EN Optimising for use of renewable energy sources EN15459 Economic evaluation procedures for energy systems in buildings. EN15251 Indoor Environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality thermal EN15377-Parts 2 and 3 are in Formal Vote procedure (till April ) and although strongly related, strictly not part of the EPBD mandated group of standards EPBD Buildings Platform > P060_EN_EPBD_CEN_March2008 4

5 environment, lighting and acoustics GROUP OF BUILDING PHYSICS STANDARDS EN ISO Thermal performance of building components Dynamic thermal characteristics Calculation methods EN-ISO Thermal performance of buildings Transmission and ventilation heat transfer coefficients Calculation method EN-ISO Thermal transmittance of windows-general EN-ISO Building materials and products Hygrothermal properties Tabulated design values and procedures for determining declared and design thermal values EN-ISO Thermal performance of buildings Heat transfer via the ground Calculation methods EN-ISO Thermal bridges in building construction Heat flows and surface temperatures Detailed calculations EN-ISO Thermal bridges in building construction Linear thermal transmittance Simplified methods and default values EN-ISO 6946 Building components and building elements Thermal resistance and thermal transmittance Calculation method GROUP OF INSPECTION STANDARDS EN15378 Heating systems in buildings Inspection of boilers and heating systems EN15240 Ventilation for buildings Energy performance of buildings Guidelines for the inspection of air-conditioning systems EN15239 Ventilation for buildings Energy performance of buildings Guidelines for the inspection of ventilation systems National implementation All CEN standards to support the EPBD, will be available from National Standard Bodies. They will contain a national cover sheet and, if applicable, national annexes will be incorporated. Apart from English they may be in translated in French, German or any other EU language if the National Standard Body decides this would be useful. Important next phase Regional differences in climate, building tradition and user behaviour in Europe will have an impact on the calculation procedures, the input data and consequently on the energy performance. These differences will also lead to differing approaches in the balance between accuracy and simplicity. In addition to that, national policy considerations play a role. When we consider the CEN standards developed to support the practical implementation of the EPBD, they indeed show flexibility to accommodate different applications or objectives and national or regional differences: Several standards allow choices between different options to be made at national level EPBD Buildings Platform > P060_EN_EPBD_CEN_March2008 5

6 New Intelligent Energy Europe projects related to the CEN standards to support the EPBD: See Information Paper P62. One of these new projects is CENSE. CENSE specifically aims to serve as the gateway to an effective application of the CEN standards in the Member States. Project website: Some of the standards contain a (often detailed) reference method and allow national annexes with (often simplified) national methods. Most standards allow the input data and boundary conditions to be specified at national level. One should not blame the CEN standards if they allow this flexibilty, as they are expected to standardise. The lack of harmonisation on building regulations throughout Europe is the cause. Also see Information Paper P02 and P40 on the status of the EPBD related CEN standards and P25 and P26 on calculation procedures and related quality aspects. Many Member States have only limited experience with integrated EP calculation procedures in the context of building regulations. Assuming there is agreement on the need for further harmonisation between the MS, the work should incorporate feedback from practical experiences and cross comparisons of the existing different approaches in the Member States during the next few years. Existing and new Intelligent Energy Europe projects, together with the EPBD Concerted Action and the EPBD Buildings Platform will play an important role in the increased awareness and effective use of the standards and in obtaining the necessary feedback from the Member States and users, aiming at further improvement and harmonization. The global perspective: ISO Practical tools in the form of standards are also needed at global level. Consequently, there are also initiatives in ISO on standardization of energy performance of buildings. Some of the developed and/or updated EPBD CEN standards have already been voted in parallel. This means that these standards are CEN standards and ISO standards at the same time. This includes EN ISO as well as the series of standards dealing with thermal transmission properties. This work is done in parallel in the ISO Technical Committee TC 163, "Thermal performance and energy use in the built environment". Also other ISO Technical Committees are preparing draft standards that are related to the energy performance of buildings, e.g. in ISO/TC 205, "Building environment design". It is expected that more of the current EPBD CEN standards may be adopted by ISO/TC 163 and/or ISO/TC205 as well. This means that the current EN s may become EN ISO standards. This could be done without changing the technical content of the current EN's. Global consensus on such methods provides transparency for all interested parties. It enables meaningful comparisons of actual energy use and the potential of energy saving and renewable energy technologies at a global level. This is essential for international cooperation to solve the environmental and climate change problems. 4 > Frequently asked questions Where are the standards available? Standards can only be ordered from the National Standard Body organisation (NSB). For the list see the CEN website where you find access to the NSB. Are all standards available? They can be ordered during the Formal Vote (FV) period. In that case a draft standard, or if the standard is still in the CEN pipeline a pren or pren ISO version, will be provided. After the FV, the official final version can be ordered from the National Standard Body (NSB). This version will always have a national cover where the logo and name and abbreviation of the NSB and the title in the national language is added. Example: in the EPBD Buildings Platform > P060_EN_EPBD_CEN_March2008 6

7 Netherlands, the EN15217 will be indicated as NEN EN The language? It may be that although the National Standard Body produced a national language version, the standard will always be available in English (the official text), in many cases also a French and German version may be available. The French language versions can be ordered from AFNOR and other CEN countries where French is the official language, the same for the German versions, they can be ordered from DIN, ON, etc. When are the final standards available? They will be available as soon as the standards pass the formal vote. For a few standards this will take a few months. However after final approval it may take a few months longer before the National Standard Body is able to deliver the national version. Are the standards delivered as paper documents or as PDF? This is up to the National Standard Body, most countries offer both possibilities. Why isn t it possible to download these standards from the Buildings Platform website? Standards are copyright protected property of the publisher (CEN, ISO etc.) and not part of the public domain. What to do if I have questions about the use or technical content of the standard? In general questions on standards could be answered by the National Standard Body helpdesk, they may also refer you to their national experts who have been involved in the preparation of the standard on a national or international level. For the EPBD standards the Buildings Platform website has a FAQ section and offers a possibility to ask questions. Why are the EPBD CEN standards not mandatory this could be expected as the EPBD is an European Directive? The commission supported the development of the CEN standard by giving a mandate to CEN to produce the standards needed to support the implementation of the EPBD. It will be beneficial for Europe if all Member states use these standards as reference. However building regulation is an area where the EU Member States claim their national privilege to formulate the national legislation (also the EPBD adopted the subsidiarity principle in this respect). Although most MS say they use the CEN standards as a basis, as these procedures are in accordance with the EPBD, most of the Member states do not require the direct use of these standards. Standards are worked out in such a way that direct practical use, without supporting national information (national annexes), may be difficult. In some MS part of the content will be found in national publications or regulations, in some other MS using the EPBD standards is always an alternative solution. What is the relation between the EPBD and the developed CEN standards? The developed standards reflect the requirements of the EPBD as given in the different articles and the annex. The procedures as given in the standards meet the essential requirements as set out by the EPBD. Note that the EPBD is an example of the application of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality: general principles are established at Community level, but the detailed implementation are left to Member States, thus allowing each Member State to choose the regime which EPBD Buildings Platform > P060_EN_EPBD_CEN_March2008 7

8 corresponds best to its particular situation. Are the products, building products and systems, taken into account in the EPBD standards? The energy performance of products is taken into account in an indirect way. The EPBD CEN standards are generally dealing with performance description of buildings and systems. The EPBD standards describe the way the system performance has to be determined. These values are influenced by the relevant product specifications. The standards developed under the EPBD either refer to relevant product standards or specify the required input for the system standards. How can I make the energy performance of systems visible on the Energy performance certificate (the energy label)? This is possible if not only the overall energy performance (in MJ or kwh), but also the system energy performance is reported separately. EN15603 describes how this could be done. Given the different lifespan of building elements and building systems separate consideration would be beneficial. Is there a roadmap or guidance to achieve one European calculation method? There is a consensus within Europe that the built environment has a major task to reduce the CO 2 emissions and convert to sustainable energy systems. The energy saving targets are high and there is a need to show in a non controversial way the achievement of the various Member States. This is one of the reasons that harmonised calculation procedures, including harmonised input parameters, are desirable. However there are still a lot of national differences in the various regulations directly influencing the EP requirement level; for example the requirements on ventilation or other health related issues. The EN15251 Indoor Environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality thermal environment, lighting and acoustics has been developed to give the MS regulators the opportunity to harmonise these requirements. There are several standards on ventilation, how do I know which to choose? The Umbrella document CEN TR will give you guidance. In most of the standards as in EN15241 and information is given as to how these standards are interconnected. A table or scheme in the introduction of the related standards illustrates this. Common definitions: are definitions used in the various standards always harmonised? As far as possible, to help the users of these standards a database is developed. A first version of the database with links between the EPBD related CEN standards is now available. This first version contains, among other things, an overview of the general definitions given in the TR In future this database will be expanded with hyperlinks between the main input and the output variables in the main CEN standards to support the EPBD. To access the database click here. The EPBD Buildings Platform has been launched by the European Commission in the frame of the Intelligent Energy Europe, programme.it is managed by INIVE EEIG ( on behalf of Transport and Energy DG. The information in this publication is subject to a Disclaimer and Copyright Notice; see EPBD Buildings Platform > P060_EN_EPBD_CEN_March European Communities, 2008 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged

ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD. Energy performance of buildings Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling

ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD. Energy performance of buildings Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13790 Second edition 2008-03-01 Energy performance of buildings Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling Performance énergétique des bâtiments Calcul des besoins