C&D Materials Recycling Measuring Success

Transcription

1 C&D Materials Recycling Measuring Success Kimberly Cochran, PhD RCC Workshop: Working Together for a Sustainable Future February 22, 2007

2 Strategic Plan By 2011, increase reuse and recycling of construction and demolition debris by 6% from a baseline of 59% in Goal = 65% Recycling or reuse Where did these numbers come from?

3 2003 C&D Materials Characterization Reports Cost of construction, renovation, or demolition in a region ($) Ave. waste generation Waste generated (kg) = 2 Ave. cost of construction, renovation, per area (kg/m ) 2 or demoltion per area ($/m )

4 2003 C&D Materials Characterization Reports Buildings 160 million tons generated 30% recycled = 48 million tons Federal highway road surfaces 167 million tons generated 148 million tons recycled 90% asphalt paving recycled = 139 million tons 70% concrete recycled = 9 million tons Total Generated = 331 million tons Total Recycled = 196 million tons (59%)

5 2003 C&D Materials Characterization Reports Uses actual job site waste data Separates materials by source Limited amount of data available Estimates materials from buildings and road surfaces

6 2003 C&D Materials Characterization Reports

7 2,500 US Construction US Consumption (million metric tons) 2,000 1,500 1, Material Consumption Asphalt Pavement Total PCC Concrete Source: Cochran, 2006 Year

8 Apparent Use of Portland Cement (2003) Streets & Highways 33% Buildings 47% Other 20% Source: Portland Cement Association, 2006 Water & Wastewater Management 8% Non- Construction 3% Other Public Works 3% Utilities 1% Farm Construction 5%

9 Recycling Rates Recycling Rate = Total Recycled Total Generated Need both a generation estimate and a recycling estimate!

10 Other Sources for Generation Estimates University of Florida Materials Flow Analysis Amount of materials consumed in the US Predicts waste generation based on typical percentages discarded during construction and typical service lives of materials Assumes that all material will enter the waste stream at a fixed time rather than become abandoned or used for a longer period

11 Recycling Estimates Contractor Surveys NDA (2004) & AGC (2005) Demolition represents a large portion of the waste Those that recycle may be more likely to respond Construction Site Recycling Facility Markets Landfill

12 Recycling Estimates Recycler Surveys CMRA surveys (2004 & 1997) Recyclers - Typical processing tonnage by different equipment Manufacturers - Number of machines in use Total Recycled = # Machines x Tons Processed/Machine Does not separate material by source Not performed regularly PCA survey

13 Recycling Estimates State Data Some states have actual numbers of disposal and recycling Few states track recycling annually How to project data onto the other states?

14 Recycling Estimates Federal Agency Data USGS - concrete and gypsum USDOE/EIA - energy produced from wood waste USDA Forest Service - wood production and some wood waste USDOT/FHWA - highway statistics

15 Strategic Plan and the GPRA Goal Current goal (65%) will be around for a couple of years Make a plan for future goals

16 Current Scenario for Measuring C&D Materials Use the 2003 C&D Materials Characterization Reports and update as best that we can. State that these numbers represent building and road surface materials only Recycling Rate 2003 = 59% Recycling Rate 2004 = 60%

17 Building-Only Scenario Method Generation - Buildings Only 2003 C&D Materials Characterization Reports Recycling - CMRA mixed processor data Fewer complaints for building methodology Mixed processors process mostly building materials Total Recycling Rate = 18%

18 All C&D Materials (Except Asphalt Pavement) Scenario Method Generation Buildings 2003 C&D Materials Characterization Reports Roads/Bridges UF MFA Other sources UF MFA Recycling Use CMRA mixed processor and concrete recycling data for recycling figures No asphalt pavement estimates! Total Recycling Rate = 24%

19 All C&D Materials Scenario Method Generation Buildings 2003 C&D Materials Characterization Reports method Roads/Bridges UF MFA Other sources UF MFA Recycling CMRA mixed processor and concrete recycler data Assume asphalt paving has an 80% recycling rate (NAPA estimate) Total Recycling Rate = 35%

20 Future Measurement Hard to get recycling estimates and generation estimates to coincide Increases in the construction industry may cause decreases in the recycling rate, even when recycling amounts are increasing Hard to establish our influence by looking at rates Move to tonnages like MSW?

21 Material Source Building Demolition Single Family Homes Building Construction 2003 Reports Generation UF MFA Generation CMRA Recycling Survey NDA Recycling Survey AGC Recycling Survey Road Materials Asphalt pavement * * * Road Materials Concrete * Other construction Land clearing Nonconstruction sources * Do not represent represent the entire source

22 Future Measurement Hard to get recycling estimates and generation estimates to coincide Increases in the construction industry may cause decreases in the recycling rate, even when recycling amounts are increasing Hard to establish our influence by looking at rates Move to tonnages like MSW?

23 Recycling Tonnages Scenario Only recycling estimates are needed every year Investigate possibility of supporting survey studies Try to incorporate other federal agencies into our efforts Coordinate with states to receive their estimates Produce a generation estimate every five years

24 Key Points to Remember All figures we have are estimates Current estimates do not include all sources of C&D materials What numbers are needed to tell our story?