Unit 1: Design and Modeling. Lesson 1.1 What is Engineering? Concepts

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1 Unit 1: Design and Modeling Lesson 1.1 What is Engineering? 1. Science is the study of the natural world, while technology is the study of how humans develop new products to meet needs and wants. 2. Teams of people can accomplish more than one individual working alone. 3. Technological change is seen through inventions, innovations, and the evolution of technological artifacts, processes, and systems. 4. Technology can have positive and negative social, cultural, economical, political, and environmental consequences. 5. Engineers, designers, and engineering technologists are needed in high demand for the development of future technology to meet societal needs and wants. 6. An engineering notebook is used to record original ideas or designs. 7. A portfolio is an organized collection of best works. Explain the relationship between science, technology, engineering, and math. Describe engineering and explain how engineers participate in or contribute to the invention and innovation of products. Describe impacts that technology has on society. Distinguish between invention and innovation. Assemble an engineering notebook and a portfolio. Lesson 1.2 Design Process 1. Many different design processes are used to guide people in developing solutions to problems. 2. Design teams use brainstorming techniques to generate large numbers of ideas in a short amount of time, striving for quantity, not quality. 3. The design brief is a tool for defining the problem; it is an agreement between the engineer and the client. 4. Engineers use design briefs to explain the problem, identify solution expectations, and establish project constraints. 5. A decision matrix is a tool used to compare solution ideas to the criteria so that you can select the best solution. It is expected that the student will: Describe the design process and how it is used to aid in problem solving. Use the design process to solve a technical problem. Recognize design criteria and restraints. Describe the purpose and importance of working in a team. Explain a design brief and apply the concept when using the design process. Describe the elements of design and apply this concept to the design process. Use a decision matrix to select the best solution to a design problem

2 Lesson 1.3 Measurement 1. In the United States, we use both English and Metric systems of measurement. 2. Being able to measure accurately is important at school and at home, at work and when pursuing hobbies. 3. Precision measuring tools are needed for accuracy, but tools must be used correctly to ensure accurate measurements are taken. 4. Quality workmanship and accurate measurements with precise instruments are necessary to successfully solve problems. It is expected that the student will: Demonstrate the ability to measure accurately with different devices and scales. Explain how to measure in different contexts. Measure using both the English and Metric systems. Lesson 1.4 Sketching and Dimensioning Techniques 1. The ability to create a rapid, accurate sketch is an important skill to communicate ideas. 2. Orthographic drawings of an object are used to provide information that a perspective drawing may not be able to show. 3. Engineers apply dimensions to drawings to communicate size information. It is expected that the students will: Summarize the reasoning for using sketching as a communication tool. Use visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric shapes to sketch two and three dimensional shapes. Recognize and create thumbnail, perspective, isometric, and orthographic sketches. Recognize and accurately interpret one and two point perspective drawings. Communicate ideas for a design using various sketching methods, notes, and drafting views. Dimension an orthographic sketch following the guidelines of dimensioning. Lesson 1.5 Designing for production 1. Simple geometric shapes are combined and joined to create a representation of an object. 2. Engineers use computer-aided design (CAD) modeling systems to quickly generate and annotate working drawings. 3. Three-dimensional computer modeling uses descriptive geometry, geometric relationships, and dimensions to communicate and idea or solution to a technological problem. 4. As individual objects are assembled together, their degrees of freedom are systematically removed. 5. Engineers use a design process to create solutions to existing problems. 6. Teamwork requires constant communication to achieve the goal at hand. 7. The fabrication of a prototype is the opportunity for the designer to see the product as a three-dimensional object.

3 Create a three-dimensional (3D) model of an object. Apply geometric and dimension constraints to design CAD-modeled parts. Assemble the product using the CAD modeling program. Demonstrate the ability to produce various annotated working drawings of a 3D model. Identify the difference between a prototype, a model, and a mock-up and analyze what circumstances call for the use of each. Explain why teams of people are used to solve problems. Brainstorm and sketch possible solutions to an existing design problem. Create a decision-making matrix. Select an approach that meets or satisfies the constraints given in a design brief. Unit 2: Automation and Robotics Lesson 2.1 What is Automation and Robotics? 1. Automation is the use of technology to ease human labor or to extend the mental or physical capabilities of humans. 2. Robotics is the specialized field of engineering and computer science that deals with the design, construction, and application of robotics. 3. The use of automation and robotics affects humans in various ways, both positively and negatively, including their safety, comfort, choices, and attitudes about a technology s development and use. 4. Automation and robotics have had an influence on society in the past and present and will influence society in the future. 5. Engineers, designers, and engineering technologists are needed in high demand for the development of future technology to meet societal needs and wants. Investigate and understand various mechanisms to determine their purpose and applications. Be able to apply their knowledge of mechanisms to solve a unique problem. Lesson 2.3 Automated Systems 1. Automated systems require minimal human intervention. 2. An open-loop system has no feedback path and requires human intervention, while a closed-loop system uses feedback. 3. Troubleshooting is a problem-solving method used to identify the cause of a malfunction in a technological system. 4. Invention is a process of turning ideas and imagination into devices and systems. 5. Some technological problems are best solved through experimentation. 6. Fluid power systems are categorized as either pneumatic, which uses gas, or hydraulic, which uses liquids. 7. Automated systems can be powered by alternative energy sources like solar and fuel cells.

4 Design, build, wire, and program both open and closed loop systems. Troubleshoot a malfunctioning system using a methodical approach. Experience fluid power by creating and troubleshooting a pneumatic device. Design, build, wire, and program a system operated by alternative energy. Unit 3 Energy and the Environment Lesson 3.1 Investigating Energy 1. Two types of energy exist: potential (stored energy) and kinetic (energy in motion). 2. The six main forms of energy include solar or light radiation, thermal, electrical, mechanical, chemical, and nuclear. 3. Energy can be transferred, or moved, from one object to another. 4. Energy can be transformed, or changed, from one form to another. 5. The first law of thermodynamics, the conservation of energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. 6. The second law of thermodynamics states that not all energy is 100 percent efficient when it is converted from one form to another. 7. Energy sources can be renewable, exhaustible, or inexhaustible. There are advantages and disadvantages to each. 8. Work is measured in Joules and is defined as force acting over a distance. Power is measured in Watts and is defined by how fast work is done. 9. Engineers, designers, and engineering technologists are needed in high demand for the development of future technology to meet societal needs and wants. Differentiate between potential and kinetic energy. Explain the differences, advantages, and disadvantages between exhaustible, inexhaustible, renewable, and non-renewable energy sources. Understand the value of energy, and demonstrate ways they could increase the efficiency of energy used in their home and at school. Calculate financial savings and explain effects of our carbon footprint as a result of using energy efficiently. Design, model, and test a wind turbine for efficiency. Calculate power and work by measuring force, distance, and time using the wind turbine model. Lesson 3.2 Sustainable Energy 1. There are events and issues that challenge us to use energy wisely and to develop alternate forms of energy, including economic and population growth, natural disasters, and conflicts with countries that provide the United States with oil. 2. Fossil fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced by using innovative means to implement renewable and inexhaustible energy sources. 3. Energy sources can be used to produce electricity and hydrogen, energy carriers that provide the greatest diversity and lowest impact on the environment. 4. Decisions regarding the implementation of alternate energy sources involve the weighing of tradeoffs between predicted positive and negative effects on the environment and financial burden.

5 5. Careers in sustainable engineering will be created because our planet needs environmentally sustainable solutions to support population growth and preserve our limited natural resources. Create graphs that represent data to support our energy consumption, energy imports, and energy production. Identify alternative forms of energy, explain why they are alternative, and identify the advantages and disadvantages of each. Recognize that alternative energies are not always available in every location. Identify challenges in transferring alternative energies from where they are produced to where they are consumed. Recognize the solution to our energy needs now and in the future will include conservation and wise use of resources as well as a wide variety of sources. Research and present an alternative energy solution that will reduce the nation s dependency on fossil fuels used for a specific purpose. Lesson 3.3 Making an Impact 1. Water plays a critical role in our daily lives; it should be used wisely and users should be conscientious about conserving water. 2. Environmental engineering focuses on developing a sustainable future, preventing pollution, and assessing the environmental impact of integrated waste management systems. 3. The seven steps of integrated waste management include reduce, reuse, recycle, compost, incineration that creates usable energy, landfills, and incineration with no usable energy created. 4. Engineers must consider a product s life cycle when designing because every product has an impact on the environment. 5. Every individual impacts the environment through the choices they make in energy consumption and garbage disposal. 6. Using energy efficiently will minimize unnecessary heat transfer and draw less electricity from the fossil fuel burning power plants, thereby contributing less to climate change. Determine how much water is used daily in their home and identify ways their family could conserve water. Identify ways that engineers are involved in integrated waste management. Identify ways that engineers can reduce the effect on the environment through their energy choices and garbage disposal. Understand the difference between energy conservation and energy efficiency and be able to identify measures for both.

6 Differentiate between conduction, convection, and radiation as forms of energy transfer. Compare different materials to determine which are better at preventing heat transfer. Engineer, with team members, a swelling that minimizes heat transfer and prevents an ice cube from melting. Evaluate the effectiveness of a device that is designed to reduce heat transfer, make Improvements to the model, and improve the device.

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