ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW

Transcription

1 Addendum to ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 WestConnex M4 Widening Project DECEMBER2015

2 Document control File name Addendum to Environmental Review of Ancillary Facilities 7 & 13 Rev 1.docx Report name Revision number Rev 3 Document number Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 WestConnex M4 Widening Project Approved by: Originator/ Review Approval Revision history Name Position Signed/Approved Date Erran RLJV Environmental Erran Woodward 13/11/15 Woodward Manager Mark RLJV Project Director Mark Stevenson 16/11/15 Stevenson Revision Date Description Approval 0 12/10/15 Addendum to increase area of facility MS 1 14/10/15 Updated to address WCX comments MS 2 13/11/15 Updated to address DPE Comments MS 3 15/12/15 Updated to address DPE Comments EW Distribution of controlled copies Copy no. Issued to Version WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 i

3 Contents 1 Introduction Background Scope Description of Activity Location and Setting Description of proposed work Need and Planning Context Need Planning Context Ancillary Construction Facilities Criteria Consultation Environmental Assessment Traffic and Transport Noise and Vibration Visual Soils, Water and Waste Flooding and Hydrology Biodiversity Heritage Air Quality Environmental mitigation and management measures Conclusion References Appendices Appendix A Asbestos Management Strategy Appendix B Unexpected Threatened Species Find Procedure Appendix C Unexpected Discovery of Contaminated Land Procedure Appendix D Unexpected Heritage Find Procedure Appendix E Erosion and Sediment Control Plan Appendix F Construction Noise Impact Assessment WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 ii

4 1 Introduction 1.1 Background The Rizzani de Eccher Australia Pty Ltd/Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd Joint Venture, (RLJV) have been selected by the WCX M4 Pty Ltd (WCX) to design and construct the M4 Widening Project (the Project) which will form the first stage of the WestConnex road project. This first stage of the project generally involves widening the existing M4 Motorway from three to four lanes in each direction for approximately 7.5 kilometers between Pitt Street, Parramatta and Homebush Bay Drive, Homebush. Major work is scheduled to commence in early 2015 and the M4 Widening is due to open to traffic in The WestConnex M4 Widening Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), August 2014, assessed the impacts of construction, including Section 6.4 with regards to ancillary work areas. Additionally, the Submissions Report (October 2014) built on this in Section 5 by providing a detailed review of potential impacts associated with the establishment and use of compounds and ancillary facilities during the construction period. Both the EIS and Submissions Report identified a number of ancillary facilities including the location at Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13) Homebush which, as previously assessed, satisfied most required location criteria. The initial assessment for Site 13 assessed a smaller area than was proposed for Site 13 in the Submissions report. This addendum includes a review of environmental impacts to increase the area of the facility to the same size as contained in the Submissions Report. In line with the Department of Planning and Environment (DP&E) approval requirements, further assessment and approval of the proposed additional area is required prior to its use as an ancillary facility for the project as the not all the criteria of CoA D28 are satisfied. 1.2 Scope The ancillary facility at Site 13 was approved by DP&E on 4 th June 2015 and has been established and is being operated in accordance with the conditions of approval, Construction Environmental Management Plan and Appendix B8 Ancillary Facility Management Plan. The purpose of this Environmental Review Addendum is to: Describe the change/activity (refer to Section 2); Assess the revised facility against the Ancillary Site requirements and other conditions specified in the Conditions of Approval (CoA) (refer to Section 3); Assess the environmental impacts associated with undertaking the activity confirming it is of minimal environmental impact (refer to Section 5); Recommend any site-specific environmental safeguards to be included in an Environmental Work Method Statement for establishing the above activity (refer to Section 6); and Facilitate approval from the Secretary of the DP&E (this assessment). WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 1

5 2 Description of Activity 2.1 Location and Setting Additional area required for Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13) Site 13 at Homebush Bay Drive East as proposed and outlined in this assessment is located on Lot 1 DP840154, with the M4 Motorway and Homebush Bay Drive offramp located to the north, the Great Western Highway/Parramatta Road to the south, Centenary Drive to the west and Welfare Street to the east. The current approved facility is shown in Figure 2-1. The proposed addition area is similar to that assessed as part of the EIS/Submissions Report for Site 13 and is shown in Figure 2-2. A portion of the facility is currently used by a landscaping contractor in the area north west of the proposed facility. The remainder of the facility is used for storage of equipment and vehicles during the Sydney Royal Easter Show. The land has been leased by WCX from Sydney Olympic Park Authority (SOPA) for use as an ancillary facility. The closest waterway is Powells Creek located approximately 310 metres east of the facility. The facility is located above the 20 ARI flood level. Access to the facility is proposed via Flemington Road to the east, which is accessed off Parramatta Road to the south which provides ready access to the road network. Construction vehicles will be required to travel along Flemington Road, which is predominantly a residential street, to access Parramatta Road. The additional area required for the facility is relatively level and is a predominantly grassed area. The closest residential receivers are on Welfare Street which is approximately 20 metres from the boundary fence. There are no known heritage (indigenous and non-indigenous) items located at the proposed facility, however the houses on Welfare Street are within a heritage listed precinct. There is sufficient area for the storage of raw materials to minimise deliveries outside of standard construction hours. Refer to Figure 2-2 which illustrates the environmental aspects associated with the additional area required for the ancillary facility Site 13. WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 2

6 Figure 2-1: Ancillary facility at Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13) WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 3

7 Legend Legend Legend X_DES_MAIN Facility boundary Alignment Linemarking Distance X_DES_SHARE_PATH Homebush Bay Drive M4 Widening Band_1 alignment Streets Large Scale M4W.jp2 Red: Green: Band_2 Conservation Area Blue: Band_3 Access/Egress Distance to residential receivers ~50m Private/ commercial business Site Access for commercial business to be maintained m m Parramatta Road M4 Motorway Distance to Powells Creek ~ 340m Scale: 1: 3, Miles 0.1 Figure 2-1: M4 Widening 0Ancillary Facility Site location (indicative) Coordinate System: GDA_1994_MGA_Zone_ m This sketch is a user generated static output from an Internet mapping site and is for reference only. Data layers that appear on this map may or may not be accurate, current, or otherwise reliable. Drawing No.: Drawn: Date:

8 Figure 2-2: Proposed additional area required for ancillary facility at Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13) WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 4

9 Legend Legend Legend X_DES_MAIN Facility boundary (original Site 13) Linemarking Alignment Facility boundary additional area M4W.jp2 required Site 13) X_DES_SHARE_PATH Homebush Bay Drive Streets Large Scale Red: Band_1 Distance Green: Band_2 Blue: Band_3 M4 Widening alignment Conservation Area Access/Egress Private/ commercial business Car park and site access M4 Motorway Site ~20m Access for commercial business to be maintained.18 m Distance to residential receivers ~20m Distance from stockpile areas to Powells Creek ~ 310m Parramatta Road Scale: 1: 3, Miles 0.1 Figure 2-2: M4 Widening 0additional area required0.1for Ancillary Facility Site 13 location (indicative) Coordinate System: GDA_1994_MGA_Zone_56 This sketch is a user generated static output from an Internet mapping site and is for reference only. Data layers that appear on this map may or may not be accurate, current, or otherwise reliable. Drawing No.: Drawn: Date:

10 Figure 2-3: M4 Widening Ancillary Site 13 Layout (indicative) inclusive of additional area WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 5

11 Legend Legend X_DES_CTRL_MAIN Site 13 Boundary (original) X_DES_MAIN Alignment Linemarking Site 13 Boundary (additional area) Alignment X_DES_LOCAL Linemarking Noise mound X_DES_LOCAL_OVER Alignment M4 Motorway Designated areas (sheds etc) Linemarking Design Barriers Storage cabinet Archaeological Item LEP Conservation Area LEP Perimeter fencing Heritage Item LEP Stockpile, plant and equipment storage area Veg Communities July2013 S170 Register Item State Heritage Item Commercial business Streets Large Scale M4W.jp2 Access/ Egress Green: Band_2 (RLJV) Blue: Band_3 Access/ Egress Commercial business Red: Centenary Dr Car Parking and Site access Site 13 Band_1 M4 Widening alignment Ancillary Facility Area (approx.) Site 13 = 17316m2 Parramatta Rd Welfare St Flemington St Screening (e.g. shade cloth) to be placed on boundary fence 1: 1,166 0 Kilometers 0.1 Figure 2-3: M4 Widening Ancillary Site Layout 0.1 (indicative) inclusive of additional area GDA_1994_MGA_Zone_56 Thiess Spatial & Latitude Geographics Group Ltd. This map is a user generated static output from an Internet mapping site and is for reference only. Data layers that appear on this map may or may not be accurate, current, or otherwise reliable. THIS MAP IS NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATION Notes This map was automatically generated using Geocortex Essentials.

12 2.2 Description of proposed work The increased area for Site 13 would be used for materials storage, storage of topsoil and mulch and spoil storage for the project during construction works. Refer to Figure 2-3. Establishment of the ancillary facilities will involve: establishment of no go zones around vegetation to be retained within or immediately adjacent to the facility as required; installation of erosion and sediment controls across the facility as required; installation of fencing and screening around the perimeter of the facility as required; minor earthworks as required to construct level areas and creation of hardstand areas as required using clean (i.e. contamination free) material; and installation of onsite services as required (e.g. water tanks/water connection if available, pump out sewer, generators or power connection). The following plant and equipment would be likely required for establishment: excavators; hiab trucks; franna trucks; light trucks; and utes. The main equipment and machinery to be used during operation of the additional area would be trucks (hiabs and franna trucks) for the movement of materials. The approved working hours for the Project (CoA D6) are as per standard construction hours as follows: 7:00am to 6:00pm Mondays to Fridays, inclusive; and 8:00am to 1:00pm Saturdays; and at no time on Sundays or public holidays. All works will be carried out within standard construction hours. Any out of hours works at the facility if required would be assessed and approved in accordance with CoA D8, including works in accordance with the Environmental Protection Licence (EPL) for the project. Site establishment works are scheduled to occur over a 2 week period for the extension of Site 13. The facilities will continue to operate until completion of the project (December 2016). The additional area of the facility would be decommissioned and rehabilitated on completion of the works in consultation with WCX to its current or an improved standard. This would be done in accordance with the CEMP and Ancillary Facility Management Plan (AFMP) and would include where applicable, any ripping; topsoiling of the area; weed control and seeding, planting, watering and maintenance; and removal of environmental controls. WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 6

13 3 Need and Planning Context 3.1 Need The ancillary facility at Site 13 approved by DP&E on 4 th June 2015 is currently being operated in accordance with the conditions of approval, Construction Environmental Management Plan and Appendix B8 Ancillary Facility Management Plan. The proposal was limited to the original footprint as a result of the remaining space being allocated to another user. Once this space became available, opportunity for its beneficial use for the project was identified and as such is being sought for approval. This opportunity, in combination with the significant increase in materials requiring management for the project has resulted in additional land requirements in all areas to be identified and utilised wherever possible. Agreement with WCX and SOPA has been obtained to allow RLJV to use the additional area shown in Figure 2-3. The additional area at the ancillary facility is required in order to facilitate the works through the provision of storage of materials and spoil in close proximity to the construction works. This site has been proposed because of its proximity to the works, access to the sites via the local road network, as well as being located outside of environmentally sensitive areas for establishment and operation of the sites. 3.2 Planning Context The M4 Widening project was approved on 21 December 2014 (SSI 6148) by the Minister for Planning subject to a number of conditions being met Definitions in accordance with Projects Instrument of Approval Ancillary Facility: Ancillary Facilities are defined in the Project Instrument of Approval as: Temporary facility for construction, including for example an office and amenities compound, construction compound, batch plant (concrete or bitumen), materials storage compound, maintenance workshop, testing laboratory or material stockpile area. The additional area required for ancillary facility site 13 as assessed in the EIS and subsequently in this assessment meets the definition of an ancillary facility as outlined above, being used for materials storage and material stockpile purposes Relevant CoA Condition of Approval (CoA) D28 details specific requirements relating to the location of ancillary facilities. An assessment of the ancillary facility Site 13 additional area against these requirements found that the proposed site does not meet all the location criteria (refer to Section 3.3 below). As such, this document seeks to facilitate approval from the Secretary of the DP&E for the location of this additional area prior to establishment. Site establishment, operation and rehabilitation works are proposed to be undertaken in accordance with the Project Construction Environmental Management Plan and the Construction Ancillary Facilities Management Plan (AFMP) for the project. WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 7

14 3.3 Ancillary Construction Facilities Criteria Table 3-1 provides an assessment of the additional area required at ancillary facility site 13 in accordance with the criteria provided in CoA D28, as well as other conditions of approval (CoA D27, 29 and 30) relevant to ancillary facilities. WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 8

15 Table 3-1 Summary of compliance with relevant Conditions of Approval CoA No. Condition Requirements Summary of Compliance Document Reference D27 The location of the ancillary facilities shall be identified in the Construction Environment Management Plan required under condition D31. Compliant Appendix B8 of the CEMP AFMP includes the proposed ancillary facility site 13, noting this site is subject to further approvals prior to establishment and use. CEMP (CoA D31) Appendix B8 of the CEMP shall be updated to include the findings of this assessment and approval requirements. D28 Unless approved by the Secretary, the location of Ancillary Facilities shall comply with the following locational criteria: A summary of compliance with the relevant criteria is provided below: Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13) additional area This document (a) be located more than 50 metres from a waterway; (a) Compliant there are no waterways within 50m of the facility; (b) be located within or adjacent to land where the SSI is being carried out; (b) Compliant the facility is located on land adjacent to where the SSI is being carried out (i.e. the M4 to the north of the site); (c) have ready access to the road network; (c) Compliant the facility would be directly accessible via Flemington Road to the east of the site which is accessed off Parramatta Road / the Great Western Highway to the south; (d) be located to minimise the need for heavy vehicles to travel through residential areas; (d) Compliant this location adjacent to the M4 Motorway and the Great Western Highway would minimise the need for heavy vehicles to travel through residential areas, with the surrounding area impacted by the works being predominantly industrial/commercial, with the exception of a small number of residents to the east of the site, along Flemington Road who would be impacted by the proposed haulage route to the facility; WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 9

16 CoA No. Condition Requirements Summary of Compliance Document Reference (e) be sited on relatively level land; (e) Compliant the area is sited on relatively level land; (f) be separated from nearest residences by at least 200 metres (or at least 300 metres for a temporary batching plant); (f) Non-Compliant the nearest residents are located approximately 20m to the east of the facility along Welfare Street; (g) not require vegetation clearing beyond that already required by the SSI; (g) Compliant establishment of the facility would not require vegetation clearing; (h) not impact on heritage items (including areas of archaeological sensitivity) beyond those already impacted by the SSI; (h) Compliant the facility is not located with any known heritage areas or areas of archaeological sensitivity and there are no known heritage items within the site. However it is noted that this facility is located adjacent to a heritage conservation area and heritage item (see section 5.7 below) to the east of the facility, however controls would be in place to protect adjacent heritage items/areas therefore impacts are not expected; (i) not unreasonably affect the land use of adjacent properties; (i) Compliant the facility is currently a vacant site used temporarily for storage and would be returned to its current use on completion of the works. Adjacent properties will not be impacted by the works. (j) be above the 20 ARI flood level unless a contingency plan to manage flooding is prepared and implemented; and (j) Compliant the facility is located above the 20 year ARI flood level; and (k) provide sufficient area for the storage of raw materials to minimise, to the greatest extent practical, the number of deliveries required outside standard construction hours. (k) Compliant the facility as proposed will include materials storage areas in close proximity to the construction works, thus minimising the number of deliveries required throughout construction. D29 All ancillary facilities and access points shall be rehabilitated to at least their pre-construction condition or better, unless otherwise agreed by the Compliant the additional area required for ancillary facility site 13 will be managed in accordance with the Construction Ancillary Facilities Management Plan as CEMP Appendix B8 AFMP (D32(a)) WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 10

17 CoA No. Condition Requirements Summary of Compliance Document Reference D30 landowner where relevant. The Secretary s approval is not required for minor Ancillary Facilities (e.g. lunch sheds, office sheds, and portable toilet facilities) that do not comply with the criteria set out in condition D28 and: (a) are located within an active construction zone within the approved SSI footprint; and (b) have been assessed by the Environmental Representative to be - (i) of low amenity risk to surrounding residences, with consideration to matters such as noise and vibration impacts, traffic and access impacts, dust and odour impacts, and visual (including light spill) impacts, and (ii) of low environmental risk in respect to waste management and impacts on flora and fauna, soil and water, and heritage; and (c) have environmental and amenity impacts that can be managed through the implementation of environmental measures detailed in the Construction Environmental Management Plan for the project. required by CoA D32 (a), including a requirement for this site to be rehabilitated to at least its pre-construction condition or better, unless otherwise agreed by the landowner where relevant. N/A the proposed additional area for ancillary site 13 as outlined in this assessment is not considered to constitute a minor ancillary facility therefore an assessment of compliance with this condition is not relevant for either facility. As such, the proposed ancillary facility will be subject to the Secretary s approval considering it is not fully compliant with CoA D28 as outlined above. N/A WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 11

18 4 Consultation Consultation regarding the Project was undertaken during the EIS exhibition period. Further investigations into the proposed ancillary facilities for the Project was undertaken as part of the Submissions Report in order to address commitments made in the EIS and/or address comments received from the community and government agencies during consultation. This assessment confirms and further informs the findings of the previous assessments undertaken in relation to Site 13. Consultation with the residents located on Welfare Street and Flemington Street Homebush West was undertaken on 1 April 2015 due to the proximity of these residents to Site 13. It was noted at this time that the majority of residents on Welfare Street no longer live on the street and the properties have been vacated. Additional consultation was undertaken on the 4 and 8 December 2015 to consult with new tenants on the operation of the facility and the inclusion of the car parking area and the extended footprint of the site. Table 4-1 provides details of all consultation that was conducted. It was noted that seven of the 12 properties were still vacant at this time. WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 12

19 Table 4-1 Consultation Register Location Consultation undertaken 1 April 2015 Consultation undertaken 4, 8 December 2015 Response Comments/Issues Response Comments/Issues 4 Welfare St No Response - Doorknock card left RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with real estate agent. Property currently vacant. No Response - property remains vacant 6 Welfare St Resident notified RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with resident and informed them about compound establishment. Resident had no questions or issues. No Response - property vacant 8 Welfare St Resident notified RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with resident and informed them about compound establishment. Resident had no questions or issues. No Response - property vacant 10 Welfare St Resident notified RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with resident and informed them about compound establishment. Resident had no questions or issues. Resident notified RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with resident and informed them about compound extension and use of car park/access area. Resident had no questions or issues. 12 Welfare St No Response - Doorknock card left RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with real estate agent. Property currently vacant. Resident notified RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with resident and informed them about compound extension and use of car park/access area. Resident had no questions or issues. 14 Welfare St No Response - Doorknock card left RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with real estate agent. Property currently vacant. Resident notified RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with resident and informed them about compound extension and use of car park/access area. Resident had no questions or issues. WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 13

20 Location Consultation undertaken 1 April 2015 Consultation undertaken 4, 8 December 2015 Response Comments/Issues Response Comments/Issues 2 Flemington Road No Response - Doorknock card left RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with real estate agent. Property currently vacant. No Response - property vacant 4 Flemington Rd No Response - Doorknock card left RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with real estate agent. Property currently vacant. No Response - property vacant 6 Flemington Rd Resident notified RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with resident and informed them about compound establishment. Resident had no questions or issues. No Response - property vacant 8 Flemington Rd No Response - Doorknock card left Property occupied. No one home. Resident notified RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with resident and informed them about compound extension and use of car park/access area. Resident had no questions or issues. 10 Flemington Rd Resident notified RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with resident and informed them about compound establishment. Resident had no questions or issues. No Response - property vacant 12 Flemington Rd No Response - Doorknock card left RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with real estate agent. Property currently vacant. Resident notified RLJV Community Engagement Coordinator spoke with resident and informed them about compound extension and use of car park/access area. Resident had no questions or issues. WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 14

21 Once the additional area for the ancillary facility is approved, as new residents move in to the vacant properties RLJV will attempt to make contact to keep them informed on the of the upcoming establishment and operational works, including the proposed use, duration and size of this ancillary facility as outlined in this assessment. Additionally, project contact details would be provided with these notifications to assist with any inquiries or concerns that may be raised during establishment and/or operation of the ancillary facility Site 13. WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 15

22 5 Environmental Assessment This section outlines potential environmental impacts relevant to the proposed additional area required for ancillary facility Site 13 based on the findings of the EIS, Submissions Report and subsequent investigations undertaken by RLJV for the M4 Widening Project. Where potential environmental impacts have been identified, the proposed environmental management measures to minimise potential impacts are outlined in Section Traffic and Transport Additional area required for Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13) The ancillary facility is located to the south of the M4 Motorway. Access/egress to the facility is proposed via Bedford Road to the east, off Parramatta Road / Great Western Highway to the south. A traffic control plan has been developed for the facility to include the additional area. Welfare Street is located to the east of the facility and Centenary Drive to the west. Section 8.1 of the EIS considers potential traffic and transport impacts of the M4 Widening Project. Table 8.2 of the EIS includes an assessment of predicted construction vehicle movements at various work sites along the project alignment, with works between Birnie Avenue and Homebush Bay Drive assessed as requiring approximately up to 30 daily heavy vehicle movements during construction and between 15 and 50 light vehicle movements required daily during construction. Impacts from traffic associated with the establishment and operation of the additional area for the ancillary facility at Homebush Bay Drive would be consistent with that previously estimated, with approximately 35 heavy vehicle movements predicted per day in and out of the facility, as well as approximately 65 light vehicle movements daily associated with the movement of personnel in and out of the facility as use as a shuttle pick up point. Access would be off the M4 Motorway via Homebush Bay Drive to Bedford Road through predominantly industrial surrounding areas therefore impacts are not expected to be significant. 5.2 Noise and Vibration Additional area required for Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13) As previously identified in the EIS, ancillary facility Site 13 would potentially affect sensitive residential receivers to the east of the project area (i.e. along Welfare Street and Flemington Street). A revised noise and vibration assessment has been prepared by SLR Consulting Australia (refer Appendix F) to determine the potential impact on the receivers surrounding Site 13 including the additional area. The assessment was based on the typical construction scenarios the facility, i.e. site establishment; facility operation; facility demobilisation and car park operation. The assessment determined that the noise predictions for the entire site (including the additional area) indicate that the worst-case LAeq(15minute) construction noise levels of up to 74dBA is expected at the most affected residential receivers at Site 13 during the operation phase. This level exceeds than the nominated NML for this WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 16

23 facility. The noise assessment finds that the cumulative impacts from the operation of the car park are unlikely to increase the overall noise levels at the most affected residential receivers due to noise from the facility operation dominating. To mitigate the predicted noise impact, a noise mound is proposed to be constructed at the eastern edge of the compound area. The noise mound will be a minimum of three metres high to provide effective noise attenuation, and will be covered with geo-fabric or revegetated to prevent erosion. As described in Section 5.3 of the SLR Report, a noise mound constructed in this manner (which blocks line of sight to the nearest receivers) is predicted to result in compliance with the nominated NML s. The proposed the noise mound will take approximately three (3) days to complete using material already located on site, and will be completed entirely within the approved construction working hours. Construction of the noise mound will be prioritised on approval of the extension area to ensure all noise impacts from subsequent works are mitigated. Additional noise management measures outlined in Section 6 will be implemented. This may include, in consultation with adjacent residents, the installation of hoarding along the boundary fence adjacent to the site entrance to minimise noise (and visual) impacts from the parking facility. Impacts from night works (i.e. sleep disturbance) are not expected to be significant, however, a noise assessment would be undertaken to determine compliance with the EPL, the level of any impact and identify the applicable mitigation measures to be implemented. The vibration assessment found that based on the items of plant proposed and the offset distance between site activities and the nearest sensitive receptors, it is unlikely that vibration impacts will occur at the nearest dwellings in the Conservation area of Welfare Road. 5.3 Visual As assessed in the EIS, the potential visual impacts associated with the introduction of construction ancillary facilities in general across the Project are considered to be low to moderate in terms of impacts. The same is expected for the proposed addition area at ancillary facility Site 13. Additional area required for Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13) The landscape character of the facility and surrounds has been classified as being within Landscape Zone 7 Olympic Park which is of low sensitivity along its southern side which is the location of the proposed ancillary facility. There are pockets of residential receivers within this portion of the zone which may be visually impacted by the works, as well as a heritage conservation area associated with these nearby residences. The mitigation measures proposed for the additional area are the same as what was proposed for the initial Site 13 and include the use of shade cloth or similar installed along the perimeter boundary fencing (where existing trees are not present) to mitigate visual impacts to nearby receivers on Welfare Street. In the event of the facility being used at night time, temporary lighting would be set up in such a manner as to reduce light spill to adjacent residential receivers. WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 17

24 Mitigation measures as per the CEMP and relevant sub plans would be implemented to manage any visual and landscape character impacts as a result of these works. With the implementation of mitigation measures, retention of existing vegetation between visual receivers of Welfare Street and the proposed noise mound, and due to the temporary nature of the proposed works, visual impacts as a result of the additional area required for the ancillary facility are not expected to be significant. 5.4 Soils, Water and Waste A Soil and Land Contamination Assessment (GHD 2014a) and a Phase II Contamination and Acid Sulfate Soil Investigation and Assessment (GHD 2014b) were undertaken as part of the EIS for the M4 Widening Project to identify potential contamination and acid sulfate soils (ASS) that may be impacted by the project. Additional area required for Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13) The Phase 2 assessment did not involve any sampling or assessment of the proposed ancillary facility. There is no known occurrence of ASS in this area. There are no waterways within 200m of the facility. In general there is potential for contaminants to be identified in this section of the project alignment due to fill materials. Fill materials have the potential to contain contaminants such as hydrocarbons, pesticides, heavy metals and asbestos. Additionally there is potential for hydrocarbon and metals contamination due to the location of two service stations in this area. An Unexpected Discovery of Contaminated Land Procedure (see Appendix C) shall be implemented if potentially contaminated land, spoil or fill is encountered. Works in the vicinity will be stopped or modified and will not recommence until the material has been analysed and management measures implemented. Due to the limited ground disturbance as a result of the ancillary facility works, as well as the implementation of mitigation measures as outlined in Section 6, impacts are not expected. As per the EIS, waste expected to be generated as a result of the establishment of the additional area would be as a result of minor ground disturbance, installation of temporary drainage and other erosion and sediment control structures and the placement of gravel road base as required. Any excavated soil materials will be classified and managed in accordance with the Waste Classification Guidelines (Department of Environment and Climate Change NSW 2009). The Asbestos Management Strategy will be implemented in the event that asbestos is identified, which is provided in Appendix A of this assessment. 5.5 Flooding and Hydrology Works at the additional area required for ancillary facility Site 13 are not expected to have any impacts on local flooding or hydrology and are not likely to be subject to flooding as the facilities are located above the 20 year ARI flood level. 5.6 Biodiversity An ecological assessment of the M4 Widening Project was undertaken as part of the EIS. The findings as relevant to the additional area required for Site 13 are outlined below. WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 18

25 Additional area required for Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13) The EIS did not identify any fauna habitats or threatened ecological communities at Site 13, refer to Figure 2-4. Additionally no vegetation removal is proposed and the vegetation that is to remain will be appropriately protected therefore impacts to biodiversity are not expected as a result of these works. Overall due to the limited ecological value of the ancillary facility and surrounds and the implementation of relevant mitigation measures as per Table 6-1 including the implementation of the unexpected threatened species finds procedure, no significant impacts to biodiversity as a result of the works are expected. 5.7 Heritage No Aboriginal Heritage Information Management System (AHIMS) sites were identified within the study area as assessed in the EIS for the M4 Widening Project, which includes the additional area required for Site 13. The field survey undertaken as part of the EIS confirmed that the study area has low archaeological potential and no Aboriginal archaeological objects or Aboriginal places were identified within the study area therefore no impacts to Aboriginal sites/objects are expected as a result of the works. Non-aboriginal / historic heritage in relation to both sites is discussed separately below. Additional area required for Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13) The area of land to the east of the facility, including Welfare Street and Flemington Road, has been identified in the EIS as containing local heritage significance; refer to Figure 2-4. The Welfare Street Precinct is a homogenous group of bungalow housing dating from c The houses are single-storey brick cottages with asymmetrical facades and Marseilles tiled gables, these are designated as a local heritage conservation area. Additionally the Wentworth Hotel on the corner of Flemington Road Parramatta Road is a two-storey, symmetrical brick building of local heritage significance. Mitigation measures will be implemented, as per Table 6-1, to ensure these areas are not impacted by the works, including appropriate screening along the perimeter fencing to reduce visual impacts. 5.8 Air Quality There is potential for dust to be generated during establishment and operation of the additional area required for Site 13, which if uncontrolled has the potential to impact local air quality. It is expected that some dust may be generated at the facility intermittently during the project; however with relevant controls in place as outlined in Table 6-1, the works are not expected to have any significant off-site impacts. WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 19

26 6 Environmental mitigation and management measures A range of environmental management and mitigation measures are identified in the various assessment and approval documents for the Project, including the EIS, the Submissions Report, CoA and Roads and Maritime standard documents. Site specific management and mitigation measures have been adapted from these documents as relevant to the establishment; operation, decommissioning and rehabilitation of the additional area required for the ancillary facility at Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13), as outlined in Table 6-1. The approved CEMP and sub plans will be implemented to manage the establishment, operation and rehabilitation of the facility. An EWMS for facility establishment has been developed and reviewed to incorporate relevant mitigation measures outlined in Table 6-1. Operation and rehabilitation of the ancillary facility will be undertaken in accordance with the CEMP and relevant sub plans including the Ancillary Facility Management Plan (AFMP). WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 20

27 Table 6-1 Management and mitigation measures ID Measure / Requirement When to implement General Responsibility Reference 1 The location of the ancillary facilities shall be identified in the Construction Environment Management Plan required under condition D31 and D32 (a) and the operation of the facility will be in accordance with management and mitigation measures outlined in the AFMP Pre-Construction Environmental Manager CoA D27 CEMP AFMP 2 Prior to taking possession of any area of Roads and Maritime owned land RLJV shall arrange for a pre-construction land condition assessment of the facility to be occupied. Hold point applies. The report shall be in the format detailed in the draft Roads and Maritime publication Management of Wastes on Roads and Maritime Services Land. Pre-Construction Environmental Manager G When the Roads and Maritime areas of land used for the ancillary facilities are no longer required, and after restoration of the areas in accordance with G36 Clause 4.16, a post-construction land condition assessment is required. RLJV shall submit to the WCX Representative a report of the postconstruction land condition assessment, prior to the WCX Representative accepting those areas of land. The report shall be in the format detailed in the draft Roads and Maritime publication Management of Wastes on Roads and Maritime Services Land. Construction Environmental Manager G AFMP Traffic and Transport 4 A traffic control plan (TCP) will be developed and implemented for the facility prior to works commencing, to be incorporated into the construction Traffic and Access Management Plan (TAMP). This will show the access arrangements for the additional area and the detail of required signs and traffic arrangements (including vehicle turning areas). At Site 13, access will be maintained for the landscape contractor located at the western end of the facility. Consultation will be undertaken with the contractor in accordance with the Community Involvement Plan (CIP) and a TCP developed and implemented Pre-construction / Construction Project Director EIS/Submissions Report TT-2 TAMP CIP WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 21

28 ID Measure / Requirement When to implement Responsibility Reference Construction staging and temporary works will be developed and implemented to minimise conflicts with the existing road network and to maximise the separation between work areas and travel lanes. Access to construction sites via local roads shall be limited to standard construction hours, where practicable. Noise and Vibration Noise generated from the facility will be monitored to identify and manage exceedance of the NML. Implement all reasonable and feasible mitigation measures to ensure the works comply with the relevant Noise Management Levels. This shall include; Induction training would include the education of staff and contractors on noise impacts and associated mitigation measures. The induction will highlight the location of the sensitive receivers and the requirement to limit noise where possible (e.g. shouting, radios, dropping materials, slamming doors etc). The facility shall be designed to promote one-way traffic so that vehicle and mobile plant reversing movements are minimised. Truck routes to and from the facility will be via major roads where possible. Unless required for technical reasons, undertake noisy activities during the day, or early in the evening if required to be undertaken at night; avoiding short sharp sounds from impacts. A noise mound will be constructed in accordance with the SLR Report (Appendix F) on the eastern boundary of the proposed facility footprint. In consultation with adjacent residents (i.e. at their discretion), the Construction Project Director EIS/Submissions Report TT-3 TAMP Construction Project Director CoA D19 Construction Preconstruction / Construction Environmental Coordinator Project Director Site Foreman Environmental Coordinator TAMP Noise and Vibration Management Plan (NVMP) Noise and Vibration Management Plan (NVMP) WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 22

29 ID Measure / Requirement When to implement 9 installation of hoarding/privacy screening along the boundary fence adjacent to the site entrance. In accordance with CoA D8 - notwithstanding CoA D6 and D7 construction works outside of the standard construction hours may be undertaken in the following circumstances: (a) construction works that generate: (i) LAeq(15 minute) noise levels no more than 5 db(a) above rating background level at any residence in accordance with the Interim Construction Noise Guideline (Department of Environment and Climate Change, 2009); Noise monitoring of operations likely to occur between 6pm and 7pm shall be carried out to determine actual noise emission, and confirm works meet CoA D8 requirements. All construction plant and equipment used at the facility will be: - Fitted with properly maintained noise suppression devices in accordance with the manufacturer s specifications. - Maintained in an efficient condition and replaced when equipment becomes noisy - Operated in a proper and efficient manner - Switched off when not in-use All complaints relating to noise and vibration will be managed in accordance with the Community Communications Strategy. Visual The visual impact of construction ancillary facilities on adjacent residential areas will be minimised, where possible, through the careful planning and positioning of temporary offices, other plant and material laydown areas, and specific management of lighting and potential for light spill within the identified construction facilities. Responsibility Reference Construction Area Manager EIS/Submissions Report V-4 WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 23

30 ID Measure / Requirement When to implement Responsibility Reference Where possible, some screening fencing will be introduced between the residential premises and the ancillary facility to reduce the visual impacts at Site 13. The ancillary facility and associated access points shall be rehabilitated to pre-construction condition or better, unless otherwise agreed by the landowner where relevant. Construction Area Manager EIS/Submissions Report V-7 Construction Area Manager CoA D29 12 Any areas temporarily disturbed during construction will be rehabilitated as soon as feasible and reasonable following the completion of construction/operation of the ancillary facility. Construction Environmental Manager CoA D32(f)(iii) G36 Section Privacy screens/hoarding will be offered to northern-most residences of Welfare Street and Flemington Road. Construction Environmental Manager EIS Soils, Water and Waste 14 An erosion and sediment control plan will be prepared for the facility in accordance with the Soil and Water Management Plan (SWMP) and: Managing Urban Stormwater Soils and Construction, Volume 1 Managing Urban Stormwater, 4th edition ( the Blue Book ). Managing Urban Stormwater Soils and Construction, Volume 2D Main Road Construction. Pre-Construction Environmental Manager EIS/Submissions Report SWW-1 CoA D3 SWMP 15 Measures will be implemented during construction to minimise the risk of erosion, sedimentation and pollution. These measures may include: Designate no-go zones for construction plant and equipment Install upstream diversion channels to direct clean runoff from upstream catchments around or through disturbed areas (maintaining separation from runoff containing sediment). Install/line catch drains to carry any sediment laden runoff to appropriate sediment control measures. Remove cleared or excavated materials as soon as practicable after Construction Area Manager/ Environmental Manager EIS/Submissions Report SWW-2 SWMP WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 24

31 ID Measure / Requirement When to implement excavation and appropriately dispose of or stockpile off-site. Employ appropriate measures to prevent/minimise wind-blown dust from leaving the facility (e.g. dust suppression). Establish designated areas for plant and construction material storage within the facilities and other locations within the project area. Store all chemicals and fuels associated with construction in secure roofed and bunded areas. Retain erosion and sediment controls until disturbed areas are stabilised. Excavated material that is not suitable for management on site will be transported to a site that may legally accept that material for reuse or disposal. Soils leaving the facility will be waste classified in accordance with the Waste Classification Guidelines (DECC 2009) so that correct resource recovery and or off-site disposal occur. All works shall be carried out in accordance with the Project s Asbestos Management Strategy (refer to Appendix A), developed in accordance with the National Environment Protection (Assessment of Site Contamination) Measure 1999, which includes measures for the safe management of known and undiscovered asbestos within the SSI footprint and related construction ancillary facilities, stockpile sites and site access. All wastes, including contaminated wastes, will be identified and classified in accordance with Environmental Guidelines: Assessment, Classification and Management of Liquid and Non-Liquid Wastes. Disposal of waste will be in accordance with the Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997 (POEO Act) and Waste Classification Guidelines: Part 1 Classifying Waste Responsibility Reference Construction Area Manager EIS/Submissions Report SWW-8 Pre-Construction Environmental Manager/ Safety Manager CoA B22/B23 Waste and Energy Management Plan (WEMP) EIS/Submissions Report SWW-9 / CoA B7 Construction Area Manager EIS/Submissions Report SWW-15 CoA B23 WEMP WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 25

32 ID Measure / Requirement When to implement Responsibility Reference An Unexpected Discovery of Contaminated Land Procedure (see Appendix C) will be implemented if potentially contaminated land, spoil or fill is encountered. Works in the vicinity will be stopped or modified and will not recommence until the material has been analysed and management measures implemented. Biodiversity Biodiversity management strategies shall be implemented as follows; Training will be provided to all project personnel, including relevant subcontractors, on flora and fauna requirements; Where vegetation clearing is required, pre-clearing surveys will be undertaken by an experienced ecologist to identify any nesting/roosting animals present in the project area. This will include inspections of affected existing structures for microbats that may be present in cracks, fissures, scuppers, lifting holes or similar. Exclusion zones shall be marked out and communicated to construction personnel to avoid impact to vegetation to be retained. In the event that threatened species or endangered ecological communities are unexpectedly identified during construction the Unexpected Threatened Species Find Procedure shall be implemented (refer to Appendix B). Measures to prevent the spread of pathogens will be developed and implemented in accordance with Roads and Maritime Biodiversity Guidelines Guide 7 Pathogen Management (RTA 2011). Heritage Construction Area Manager / Environmental Manager Pre-construction Environmental Manager EIS Chapter 8 Submissions Report Chapter 7 EIS Appendix G Section 3.5, 4.3 & 5.4 SWW- 7 EIS/Submissions Report FF-1-4 / FF-10 Flora and Fauna Management Plan (FFMP) Construction Area Manager EIS/Submissions Report FF-8 FFMP WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 26

33 ID Measure / Requirement When to implement Responsibility Reference Site 13 will be screened, using shade cloth or similar, to reduce the visual impact on the Welfare Street Precinct/Conservation area. An unexpected finds protocol has been developed and will be implemented for the works in relation to unexpected heritage finds and in the event of uncovering possible human skeletal remains (refer Appendix D). Air Quality The following air quality mitigation measures will be implemented: Engines of on-site vehicles and plant will be switched off when not in use. Vehicles will be maintained and serviced according to manufacturer's specifications. Minimise the area of exposed surfaces. Water carts will be used to wet down exposed areas, including stockpiles, to prevent dust generation Street cleaning will be undertaken to remove dirt tracked onto sealed roads. Vehicle loads likely to create dust will be covered when transporting material off site. Construction Pre-construction Area Manager Environmental Manager EIS/Submissions Report HH-3 Heritage Management Plan (HMP) EIS/Submissions Report HH-1-4 CoA D16 / D17 HMP Construction Area Manager EIS/Submissions Report AQ1 / AQ2 / AQ3 CoA D14 WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 27

34 7 Conclusion The RLJV Project Team s proposed additional area required for ancillary facility at Homebush Bay Drive East (Site 13) meets the majority of the ancillary facilities criteria as required by the Project approval conditions, with the exception of CoA D28 (f), therefore this assessment is being referred to the Secretary for approval. This assessment outlines the potential impacts of the additional area required for Site 13 on the environment. This includes the potential impact to the neighbouring residence from the use of Site 13. The environmental management measures outlined in Section 6 have been proposed to protect the surrounding environment from potential impacts. As a result, with proper implementation of the management measures, it has been assessed that the proposed additional area required for the ancillary facility are likely to have minimal environmental impacts. WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 28

35 8 References GHD (2014a). M4 Motorway Widening, Soil and Land Contamination Assessment. GHD Pty Ltd (2014) GHD (2014b). Phase II Contamination & Acid Sulfate Soil Investigation and Assessment, WestConnex M4 Widening. GHD Pty Ltd (May 2014) SLR (2015), M4 Widening Ancillary Site Facilities Construction Noise Impact Assessment (April 2015) WestConnex Delivery Authority (2014), WestConnex M4 Widening Environmental Impact Statement (August 2014) WestConnex Delivery Authority (2014), WestConnex M4 Widening Submissions Report (October 2014) WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13 29

36 Appendix A Asbestos Management Strategy WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13

37 WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works Soil and Water Quality Management Plan Appendix F Asbestos Management Strategy

38 Document control File name Report name Document number App F Asbestos Mgt Strategy Rev 4.docx WestConnex M4W Major Civil Works Soil and Water Management Plan Appendix F Asbestos Management Strategy N1023-MP-003-B4 - F Revision number Rev 4 Plan approved by: Patrick McCormack Sally Reynolds RLJV Project Manager RLJV Environment Manager Revision history Revision Date Description Approval 0 12/01/15 Draft issued for review N/a 1 6/02/15 2 nd draft issued for review N/a 2 23/3/15 comments N/a 3 7/4/15 For DP&E Submission N/a 4 24/4/15 DP&E Comments N/a Distribution of controlled copies Copy no. Issued to Version 1 Project Manager 2 Environmental Representative 3 Construction Manager 4 Environmental Manager 5 Community Relations Manager 6 WDA Representative WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 2 of 15

39 7 WDA Environmental Representative Contents 1 Introduction Definitions Background Types of Asbestos Legislation, standards and guidelines Procedure Assessment of the work area Identification and assessment of potential asbestos Management of identified asbestos Removing Asbestos Transporting and Post Removal of Asbestos Responsibilities Training Consultation Community Workers Incident management and emergency procedures Incident Reporting Emergency Procedures Monitoring WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 3 of 15

40 1 Introduction This Asbestos Management Strategy has been developed to assist in compliance with environmental legislation and to control potential environmental impacts associated with management of asbestos that may be discovered in the course of construction of the WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works Project (M4 Widening). It is prepared in accordance with the CEMP. This Strategy applies to all RLJV employees and sub-contractors. 1.1 Definitions Table 1-1 Definitions used in this Asbestos Management Strategy Term Asbestos Asbestos Containing Materials (ACM) Non-friable Asbestos Friable Asbestos Project Manager Competent Person Definition A naturally occurring silicate mineral that is a known carcinogen. Asbestos was used for its heat and corrosion resistant properties, mainly in buildings, ships and vehicles, from the 1950s to the 1980s. Any material containing more than a prescribed amount, (>0.5%) or as defined by local authorities in any form of asbestos. ACM that is not friable. Examples of non-friable asbestos could include flat, corrugated or compressed asbestos cement sheeting (roofing, exterior & interior wall cladding, eaves, fencing) and asbestos cement pipes such as electrical, water, drainage and flue pipes or vinyl floor tiles. ACM that: May be crumbled, pulverised, or reduced to powder by hand pressure. As a result of the work process becomes such that it may be crumbled, pulverised, or reduced to powder by hand pressure. Examples of friable ACM could include damaged plaster surfaces or thermal insulation. Note: This includes dust resulting from non-friable ACMs, raking or removal of plaster ceilings containing asbestos. The manager responsible for the health and safety of the workers (employees, contractors & subcontractors) and work activities undertaken by RLJV as part of the project / works. A person who, through training, qualifications, experience or a combination of these, has acquired the knowledge and skills that are needed for them to correctly and safely perform a task. 2 Background The M4 Widening Project covers 7.5 kilometres of existing road network between the Pitt Street overpass at Parramatta and Homebush Bay Drive, Homebush. The route covers an area of diverse characteristics and is surrounded by a number of potentially contaminating land uses including industrial complexes, landfill sites and WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 4 of 15

41 railway facilities. The Phase 1 preliminary site assessment identified areas of high or high-moderate risk of contamination. The Phase 2 detailed site assessment identified the highest risk was the presence of asbestos. In the landscaped stockpile on the eastern side of the James Ruse Drive Junction In land to the north of the M4 Motorway adjacent to the east and west of Deniehy Street In an area of public access beneath the M4 Motorway to the east of Alfred Street 2.1 Types of Asbestos Asbestos is the name given to a group of minerals that occur naturally as bundles of fibres which can be separated into thin threads that break down to respirable size fibres. Four types of asbestos have been used commercially: Chrysotile - also known as white asbestos; Crocidolite - also known as blue asbestos; Amosite - usually has brown fibres; and Anthophylite usually has grey fibres. ACM refers to any material, object, product or debris that contains asbestos and it can take several physical forms. The two groups of ACMs likely to be encountered in the workplace include nonfriable asbestos and friable asbestos Non-friable Asbestos Non-friable asbestos products are made from a bonding compound (such as cement) mixed with a small proportion (usually less than 15%) of asbestos and are solid, rigid and not able to be crushed by hand (i.e. non-friable). Examples of non-friable asbestos products include: Flat, corrugated or compressed asbestos cement sheeting (roofing, exterior & interior wall cladding, eaves, fencing); Asbestos cement pipes such as electrical, water, drainage and flue pipes; Older caulking and glazing compounds; Older vinyl floor tiles and vinyl sheet flooring; Brake and clutch linings; Thermal boards around fireplaces; and Shingles & Wall siding Friable Asbestos Friable asbestos products are generally quite soft and loose and can be crumbled into fine material or dust with very light pressure, such as crushing with your hand. Examples of friable asbestos products include: WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 5 of 15

42 Spray-on insulation or soundproofing; Asbestos cloth and rope; Millboard; Drywall mudding compound; Pipe and Boiler lagging (i.e. hot water pipes, domestic heaters & stoves); Heat resistant fabrics; Loose fill roofing insulation (not common); Carpet underlay; Decorative paints; Brick & plaster sealants, fillers & some adhesive products, and Hail or fire damaged, or badly weathered asbestos cement products. 3 Legislation, standards and guidelines Table 3-1 details the legislation, licences, standards, planning instruments and guidelines considered during development of this plan. Table 3-1 Legislation, Licences, Standards, Planning Instruments and Guidelines Applicable Legislation Standards & Guidelines Planning Instruments NSW Work Health and Safety Act 2011 Work Health and Regulation 2011 (NSW); NSW Protection of the Environment Operations Act, 1997 (POEO Act) NSW Protection of the Environment Operations (Waste) Regulation 1996; RMS Contaminated Land Management Guideline Code of Practice: How to Safely Remove Asbestos AS/NZS1715 Selection, Use and Maintenance of Respiratory Protective Devices. Managing Asbestos in or on Soil (WorkCover 2014) OEH s Waste Classification Guidelines: Part 1 Classifying Wastes (DECC 2009a) Guidelines for the Assessment, Remediation and Management of Asbestos Contaminated Sites in Western Australia (2009) Code of Practice: How to Manage and Control Asbestos in the Workplace Project Instrument of Approval Dated: 21 December 2014 WestConnex M4 Widening Environmental Impact Statement WestConnex M4 Widening Submission Report WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 6 of 15

43 4 Procedure WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 7 of 15

44 4.1 Assessment of the work area Review the contamination management sub plan for areas of known asbestos contamination prior to commencing work that requires ground disturbance. These areas must be identified on site as No-Go zones. A permit is required to enter the area. Only authorised personnel are to enter these No-Go areas. If previously unidentified asbestos contamination is identified the following must be adhered to: 1. All work must cease as per the Unexpected Discovery of Contaminated Land Procedure and the Environmental Manager notified; 2. A suitable exclusion zones is to be established around the contaminated soil area; and 3. Warning signs are to be erected at all entrances and exists. 4.2 Identification and assessment of potential asbestos A specialist contractor to be engaged to correctly identify the material in consultation with NATA accredited testing laboratories and/or hygienists if necessary. Additional controls may installed as advised by the asbestos contractor to prevent further disturbance to the asbestos material while the material is being identified. Such controls may be spraying material with a sealant and/or wetting material and covering in plastic. 4.3 Management of identified asbestos Asbestos contamination management strategies are discussed in Section Management of Contaminated Soils of the Construction Soil and Water Quality Management Plan. A summary of options is replicated in Table 4-1 below, and additional management actions detailed below. Table 4-1 Asbestos Contamination Management Strategies Contamination Issue Non-friable asbestos on surface (top 10cm) or non-friable asbestos exceeding 0.05% in top 0.5m Risks Inhalation health risks to construction workers and site users Migration via earthworks spreading asbestos impacts and extending health risks to surrounds Potential Strategies Strategy options/hierarchy may include: 1. Undertake emu picking to remove the non-friable asbestos fragments, if only the surface is impacted and subsurface is not impacted. 2. In consultation with WDA, remove and reuse impacted material in-situ below road pavement (e.g. buried below 0.5m). WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 8 of 15

45 Friable asbestos on surface (top 10cm) or friable asbestos exceeding 0.001% in top 0.5m Inhalation health risks to construction workers and site users Migration via earthworks and wind spreading asbestos impacts and extending health risks to other areas 3. Excavate and dispose of material to a licensed landfill following waste classification. Asbestos management to be supervised by a WorkCover accredited Class A Licenced Asbestos Removalist for friable asbestos works and Class B Licenced Asbestos Removalist for non-friable works. Obtain specific asbestos management advice from a WorkCover accredited Licensed Asbestos Assessor (Coffey). Asbestos management to be supervised by a WorkCover accredited Class A Licenced Asbestos Removalist for friable asbestos works and Class B Licenced Asbestos Removalist for non-friable works. Specific actions to be implemented include; Safety team are to notify Work Cover as required. If asbestos has been positively identified and management in situ is unavailable the material shall be removed by an appropriately licensed asbestos removal contractor and transported by an EPA licensed waste transporter. The following procedure will be adopted where removal of asbestos material is required: 1. Area to be restricted to those completing the works and the area to be isolated and barricaded prior to removal works commencing and signage erected; 2. All contractors are to ensure that they have the correct PPE in accordance with Hygienists instructions for the asbestos removal task, (all PPE to be sealed in bag with contaminated material and removed and disposed appropriately); 3. Any removal work will utilise wet/damp methods only. Stockpiling of asbestos contaminated materials shall be avoided where possible. If stockpiling is unavoidable all stockpiles shall be kept damp and covered at the end of each day. 4. If machine is loading / excavating material it needs to be contained to hygienist s satisfaction. 5. If greater than 10 m2 of non-friable asbestos is found the Class-A licensed asbestos removalist will apply for a WorkCover NSW Non-friable Asbestos Removal Permit and remove the item and soil if necessary. 6. If friable asbestos is found, the Class-A licensed asbestos removalist will apply and receive a WorkCover NSW Friable Asbestos Removal Permit (Class B). WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 9 of 15

46 7. All asbestos contaminated materials including PPE will be transported by an appropriately licensed transport to an appropriately licensed waste disposal facility. 8. Waste will be tracked and records kept in the waste management spreadsheet. 9. A clearance inspection shall be undertaken by an independent licenced asbestos assessor for friable work (Class A works) or for an independent competent person (depending on the type of removal work) for non-friable removal works. Once clearance reports are received from the Independent NSW Licenced Asbestos Assessor or competent person, only then work can proceed. Soil sampling for the detection of asbestos fibres released from fragments of non-friable asbestos such as fibro is not required where the non-friable asbestos product is in good condition. 4.4 Removing Asbestos All removal of verified asbestos contaminated material will be removed by an appropriately licenced asbestos removal contractor and transported by an EPA licensed waste transporter. Removal of friable asbestos must be conducted by asbestos contractors with a Class A licence and the removal of non-friable asbestos with by a contractor with a Class B licence from WorkCover. Removal of asbestos by a person who does not hold a Class A or Class B asbestos removal licence is permitted if the asbestos is: 10 m² or less of non-friable asbestos for example, asbestos sheeting Asbestos-contaminated dust or debris (ACD) that is not more than a minor contamination and is associated with the removal of 10 m² or less of nonfriable asbestos. The appropriately licenced asbestos removal contractor must prepare a work method statement, detailing the proposed work methodologies to be used in order to safely and effectively remove, enclose or encapsulate (as directed by Site Project Management) the asbestos containing materials. This method statement shall be submitted to Site Project Management and/or the nominated NSW Licenced Asbestos Assessor for Class A works or independent competent person for Class B for review and approval prior to commencing work on site. The method statement must include: - Work area isolation; - Removal methods; - Contamination control methods (wet methods and decontamination procedures); and - Health and safety procedures (respiratory protection). WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 10 of 15

47 All friable asbestos material (any material that contains asbestos and is in the form of a powder or can be crumbled, pulverised or reduced to powder by hand pressure when dry )shall be: - isolated and secured by installing warning signs and temporary barricades around the affected area to minimise the potential for exposure of site personnel and/or the public to airborne fibres. - kept damp or sealed with PVA glue and covered where practicable with plastic sheeting. - collected and sealed in 200-micron thick, appropriately labelled, plastic bags - double wrapped in 200-micron thick plastic bags - in bags that weigh not more than 25 kilograms, and are less than half full - stored in a secure area, awaiting removal; and - removed from the site as soon as practicable by a licensed Class A contractor. All non-friable asbestos waste (i.e. any material other than friable asbestos material that contains asbestos) shall be: - Kept damp (prevent runoff water) - collected, labelled and sealed using appropriate plastic or leak proof containers - stored in labelled, plastic-lined bins that are covered, or leak-proof containers that are covered - placed in bins or trucks that are large enough to contain full sheets without breaking them - stored in a secure area; and - removed from the site by a licensed contractor (Class A or Class B) as soon as practicable. Buried ACM will be managed as follows: Asbestos only presents a risk if fibres may become airborne and breathed in. Where non-friable or friable asbestos is present in soil at depth (greater than 0.5m below the soil surface), the asbestos material may not be disturbed unless it is for the purpose of site remediation, redevelopment or site management. This would be considered on a case-by-case basis in consultation with an appropriately licensed asbestos assessor. Where asbestos is found at depths between 10cm and 0.5m, a site-specific assessment would be undertaken by the specialist consultant to assess an appropriate management strategy. Where asbestos is distributed throughout the soil stratum, the NEPM 1999 (amended 2013) identifies criteria for asbestos in soil that are unlikely to generate elevated levels of airborne asbestos. These criteria provide a useful guidance for assessment and clean-up. Specialised advice would be obtained. WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 11 of 15

48 Respirators used during the removal of asbestos should comply with the AS/NZS 1716 Respiratory Protective Devices and selected, used and stored in accordance with AS/NZS 1715 Selection, Use and Maintenance of Respiratory Protective Devices. 4.5 Transporting and Post Removal of Asbestos The appropriately licenced asbestos removal contractor must give a minimum 5 days notice to WorkCover regarding the removal of asbestos and obtain a Friable Asbestos Removal Permit. This permit will be obtained prior to any work occurring on the stockpile, as the risk of identifying and removal of asbestos is likely. It should be noted that a Non-friable Asbestos Removal Permit is not required when there is less than 10 m 2 of the material. All asbestos waste must be transported in a covered leak-proof vehicle and must be disposed of in a manner approved by EPA and at a waste facility licensed by the EPA to accept asbestos waste; After completion of removal works at each location personnel must undertake the following decontamination procedures if they have been involved in removal of asbestos: remove & dispose of all PPE and wash hands, face and exposed skin areas; After removal works have been completed, the area must be inspected to ensure all asbestos have been removed to a satisfactory standard. The process for validation should be as follows: - NSW Licenced Asbestos Assessor for Class A works or independent competent person for Class B to conduct visual inspection. - NSW Licenced Asbestos Assessor for Class A works or independent competent person for Class B to conduct clearance air monitoring within work area where appropriate. Where clearing soil, then soil samples may also be appropriate. - NSW Licenced Asbestos Assessor for Class A works or independent competent person for Class B to conduct clearance that all equipment has been decontaminated. At the completion of visual inspection and sampling, the NSW Licenced Asbestos Assessor for Class A works or independent competent person for Class B will issue a clearance report that demonstrates that removal works have been effectively carried out. A Clearance Certificate will be issued to certify that works have been completed satisfactorily and it is safe to resume normal operations. Waste transfer dockets for all material removed from the works shall be provided and a copy kept within the Project s waste management documentation. 5 Responsibilities The management of the discovery, handling and removal of asbestos is the responsibility of the specialist consultant with overview by the Safety Team. WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 12 of 15

49 The Environmental Team are responsible for the tracking and appropriate disposal of asbestos; 6 Training The project induction will include details on asbestos management and what to do in the event of suspected asbestos on site. Ongoing training in asbestos management and the unexpected discovery of asbestos procedure will be implemented at regular intervals through the construction phase of the project. RLJV will maintain a record of the qualifications of the asbestos removalist s workers as part of the induction process to assure only competent and qualified workers are undertaking this work. 7 Consultation 7.1 Community In the event of a suspected asbestos or ACM discovery, the Community Manager (CM) will be immediately notified. The CM is to record the proposed actions taken by the site personnel and prepare a notification to the community impacted by the works. 7.2 Workers The Project Manager is to make sure that all RLJV staff, workers and subcontractors who are impacted by the disturbance of asbestos or ACM are told of: the presence and location of asbestos within the workplace the proposed immediate response to be taken to minimise risks the sampling process to be undertaken by a competent person how to access the Asbestos Register the risk associated with the presence of asbestos the measures to control the asbestos risks the Asbestos Management Plan requirements All RLJV staff, workers and subcontractors will be consulted with during the removal of the asbestos or ACM from the site. These personnel are to be informed of sampling and monitoring results and be involved in any risk analysis activities. Consultation will include the development and the review of the safe work method statement supplied by the appropriately licenced asbestos removal contractor. WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 13 of 15

50 8 Incident management and emergency procedures 8.1 Incident Reporting Any incident or near miss resulting in an exposure or potential exposure must be reported immediately and an Incident Report Form completed. The information collected will form the basis of the asbestos register and will include a marked up site plan. 8.2 Emergency Procedures Emergency procedures on site will cover actions to be taken when asbestos is uncovered, catastrophic events occur or air monitoring indicates high levels of airborne asbestos fibre. The emergency procedures contained in the CEMP will be implemented. It is important to remember that the first priority must always be the safety of workers or others involved in the events. Uncovering of asbestos may occur due to human error or to catastrophic event. Catastrophic events may include but not limited to: Explosion Industrial Accident Failure of construction structures Failure of an asbestos control (i.e. encapsulation, equipment etc) Earthquake Flood Fire All emergency action should take place as soon as possible after the event. The first priority is to stabilise the situation and to prevent further hazard or worker exposure. 9 Monitoring There are three different types of air monitoring required to be completed for asbestos work; this monitoring will be undertaken by the NSW Licenced Asbestos Assessor for Class A works or independent competent person for Class B. 1. Occupational monitoring- is measuring airborne respiratory fibres in the worker s breathing zone and comparing it with the exposure standard. This type of monitoring is generally not carried out during removal work. The exposure standard for all types of asbestos is 0.1 fibres per millilitre of air; 2. Control monitoring; - is monitoring occurs during asbestos remediation or removal work; Air monitoring shall be carried out for all friable asbestos removal. It may also be necessary for removal of non-friable asbestos or ACM, if there is an increased risk to the public or workforce due to the location of the site. Air monitoring shall be conducted in accordance with the Guidance Note on the Membrane Filter Method for Estimating Airborne Asbestos Dust, 2nd Edition [NOHSC: 3003 (2005)] WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 14 of 15

51 Air monitoring shall be conducted before and during Class A asbestos removal work. However, it is not required before friable asbestos removal work commences when the glove bag removal technique is used (refer to the Code of Practice How to Safely Remove Asbestos). Air monitoring shall be carried out as part of a clearance inspection, e.g. at the conclusion of the asbestos removal work. Air monitoring shall be carried out by an Independent NSW Licenced Asbestos Assessor or competent person engaged by RLJV. Any exceedances during control monitoring must follow the guidance provided in the following table; Action Level (airborne asbestos fibres/ml) Action Less than 0.01 Between 0.01 and 0.02 More than 0.02 Continue with control measure Review control measure Stop removal work and find the cause Code of Practice for the Safe Removal of Asbestos [NOHSC:2002 (2005)] The clean up goal for contaminated land is asbestos in soil should not exceed 0.001% weight for weight (w/w) for FA and AF and should not exceed 0.05% w/w for ACM (Western Australia Guidelines (2009)) 3. Clearance monitoring; - is monitoring that occurs following asbestos removal work. All friable asbestos removal work must have a clearance certificate at the completion of work. The clearance certificate must be completed by an NSW Licenced Asbestos Assessor for Class A works or independent competent person for Class B and the results assessed by a laboratory accredited by NATA for the test method. All waste will be tracked from origin to approved landfill destinations via waste tracking forms. The approved waste tracking forms will be retained to record the date of asbestos removal, and identify the licensed waste transport contractor and destination of the wastes from the worksite. WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP Appendix F- Asbestos Management Strategy Page 15 of 15

52 Appendix B Unexpected Threatened Species Find Procedure WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13

53 Construction Flora and Fauna Management Plan WestConnex - M4 Widening Major Civil Works Appendix D Unexpected threatened species find procedure APRIL 2015

54 Document control File name FFMP App D Unexpected find procedure Rev 3.docx Report name Works Flora and Fauna Management Plan, Appendix D Unexpected threatened species find procedure Revision number Rev 3 Document number N1023-MP-003-B2-D Approved by: Patrick McCormack RLJV Project Manager Sally Reynolds RLJV Environmental Manager Revision history Revision Date Description Approval 0 12/01/15 Draft issued for review n/a 1 11/02/15 2 nd draft issued for review n/a 2 23/3/15 WDA review n/a 3 07/04/15 For DP&E submission Distribution of controlled copies Copy no. Issued to Version 1 Project Manager 2 Environmental Representative 3 Construction Manager 4 Environmental Manager 5 Community Relations Manager 6 WDA Representative 7 WDA Environmental Representative WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works Flora and Fauna Management Plan Appendix D Unexpected threatened species find procedure 2

55 This procedure details the actions to be taken when a threatened species or endangered ecological community (EEC) is unexpectedly encountered during excavation / construction activities. It has been developed to be consistent with Roads and Maritime Biodiversity Guidelines. 1. Induction / Training Where required, personnel will be inducted on the identification of potential threatened species occurring on site and the relevant actions for them with regards to this procedure during the Project Induction, Site Inductions and regular Toolbox Talks. 2. Scope This procedure is applicable to all activities conducted by personnel that have the potential to come into contact with threatened species. Where threatened fauna is unexpectedly encountered, refer to the Fauna Handling and Rescue Procedure. Unexpected threatened species encountered (STOP WORK) Notify Environmental Manager (EM), Project Ecologist, WDA and the DPI/OEH Assessment of potential impact and mitigation Recommence works after clearance given Refer to Figure 4.1 for Unexpected Threatened Species (EEC, Flora or Fauna) Find Procedure flow chart. 3. Procedure 1. Threatened species unexpectedly encountered during excavation/construction activities If a threatened species is unexpectedly encountered during excavation/construction activities: STOP ALL WORK in the vicinity of the find Immediately notify the Environmental Manager (EM), or Environmental Coordinator (EC) who will notify the Project Ecologist, WDA Representative and the DPI and/or OEH as appropriate. 2. Assessment of Impact An assessment is to be undertaken by the EM and the Project Ecologist to determine the likely impact to the threatened species and appropriate management options developed in consultation with the WDA Representative. If a significant impact is likely to occur, consultation will be undertaken with the DPI and/or OEH as appropriate. 3. Approvals Obtain any relevant licences, permits or approvals required if the species is likely to be significantly impacted. WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works Flora and Fauna Management Plan Appendix D Unexpected threatened species find procedure 3

56 4. Recommencement of Works Works will recommence once necessary advice has been sought and approval obtained if required. WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works Flora and Fauna Management Plan Appendix D Unexpected threatened species find procedure 4

57 Figure 4.1 Unexpected Threatened Species (Flora, Fauna or EEC) Find Procedure Flow Chart Threatened species unexpectedly encountered Stop all work likely to impact on the species in that location Notify the EM, Project Ecologist, RMS Representative and OEH/DPI EM and Project Ecologist will conduct assessment of likely impact and develop management options No Is an impact likely to occur? Yes Notify WDA Representative and OEH and/or DPI of the outcomes of the assessment. Recommence work following implementation of any management measures and maintain regular inspections# Consult with WDA, OEH and/or DPI as appropriate Obtain approval(s) if required Recommence works once advice is received, necessary approval(s) are obtained and following implementation of any management measures. Maintain regular inspections Include the species in subsequent Inductions and Toolbox Talks WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works Flora and Fauna Management Plan Appendix D Unexpected threatened species find procedure 5

58 Appendix C Unexpected Discovery of Contaminated Land Procedure WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13

59 WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works Soil and Water Quality Management Plan Appendix C Unexpected discovery of contaminated land

60 Document control File name Report name App C Unexpected discovery of Contaminated Land Rev 4.docx WestConnex M4W Major Civil Works Soil and Water Management Sub Plan Appendix C- Unexpected discovery of contaminated land Document number Revision number Rev 4 N1023-MP-003-B4 - C Plan approved by: Patrick McCormack Sally Reynolds RLJV Project Manager Revision history RLJV Environmental Manager Revision Date Description Approval 0 12/01/15 Draft issued for review n/a 1 6/02/15 2 nd draft issued for review n/a 2 26/3/15 comments addressed n/a 3 07/04/15 For DP&E Submission n/a 4 24/04/15 DP&E comments Distribution of controlled copies Copy no. Issued to Version 1 Project Manager 2 Environmental Representative 3 Construction Manager 4 Environmental Manager 5 Community Relations Manager 6 WDA Representative 7 WDA Environmental Representative WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP - Appendix C - Unexpected discovery of contaminated land procedure Page 2 of 4

61 1 Purpose and Scope This Procedure details the actions to be taken when potential contaminated soil/material or water is encountered during excavation/construction activities. This Procedure is applicable to all activities conducted by construction personnel that have the potential to uncover/encounter contaminated soil/material or water. 2 Site description The M4 Widening Project covers an area of diverse characteristics and is surrounded by a number of potentially contaminating land uses including industrial complexes, landfill sites and railway facilities. The Phase 1 preliminary site assessment identified areas of high or high-moderate risk of contamination. The Phase 2 detailed site assessment identified the primary contamination issues with respect to human health and surface water/ groundwater as being: Asbestos fragments as well as fibres in fill soils PAHs in fill soils Hydrocarbons in groundwater Lead, mercury, PAH and asbestos in sediments in A Becketts Creek, Haslams Creek, Duck Creek and Duck River PASS soils and sediments Potential for hydrocarbon and landfill gas associated with a closed landfill to the north of the M4 Motorway Of highest risk was the presence of asbestos In the landscaped stockpile on the eastern side of the James Ruse Drive Junction In land to the north of the M4 Motorway adjacent to the east and west of Deniehy Street In an area of public access beneath the M4 Motorway to the east of Alfred Street The project has the potential for contaminated land to be disturbed during ground excavation and demolition. 3 Process 3.1 Potential contaminated soil / material encountered during construction activities If potential contaminated soil/material is encountered during excavation/construction activities (e.g. strange soil colours or odours): STOP ALL WORK in the immediate / affected area Immediately notify the Environment Manager (EM) The EM will take the lead in relation to the management of the find and notify the Safety Manager (SM) accordingly. Wash self or other persons if contact is made with contaminated materials. Recommence works in an alternate area where practicable WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP - Appendix C - Unexpected discovery of contaminated land procedure Page 3 of 4

62 3.2 Personal Protective Equipment Prior to any contamination investigation / management, appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) is to be worn as per the relevant Safety Data Sheet(s) (SDS). This may include, but not be limited to: Eye goggles; Face mask; Rubber boots; Rubber gloves; and Tyvec Suits. 3.3 Undertake a site/area contamination investigation The EM or Environmental Officer is to assess the situation. Samples will be collected (where safe to do so) and analysed to determine if contamination is present. Advice from a suitably qualified contamination specialist may be requested based on the level (e.g. contamination exceeds HIL D) and extent of the contamination in the area of the find. The EM (in consultation with specialists) will determine the appropriate management measures to be implemented. This may include treatment with onsite reuse / capping, or offsite disposal. Works will be completed following the guidance of the Contamination Specialist. Both options will require laboratory analysis of the contamination and reference against the relevant guidelines (NEPM for onsite management and DECCW 2009 Waste Classification Guidelines for offsite disposal). Offsite disposal will be tracked by the Environmental Team with details recorded in the Waste Register. The contamination specialist is to provide a validation report following the removal or remediation of the contamination discovered. 3.4 Notification and Reporting The EM is to complete incident reporting in accordance with the CEMP. The EM is to complete the notification in accordance with the CEMP and other applicable legislation. 3.5 Recommence Works The EM will advise when works can commence again in that area once it is determined that no further action is required, i.e. the contamination has been removed or a management process has been established. 4 Deliverables Contamination Validation Report/ Testing Results Waste Disposal Records (as applicable) WestConnex M4 Widening Major Civil Works SWMP - Appendix C - Unexpected discovery of contaminated land procedure Page 4 of 4

63 Appendix D Unexpected Heritage Find Procedure WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13

64 STANDARD MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE Unexpected Archaeological Finds July 2012

65 About this release RMS/ISBN numbers Title RMS ISBN Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure Approval and authorisation Name Prepared by Environmental Officer (Heritage) Gretta Logue Revised by Environmental Officer (Heritage) Daniel Percival Approved by Manager Environmental Policy Michael Crowley Location G:\ENVIRNMNT\Policy\Heritage\Cultural Heritage (Non- Aboriginal)\Unexpected Finds Procedure\Procedure\Final July 2012 File name Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure.doc Document status Date Final 23 July 2012 Version Date Revision Description Final 1 November 2011 First Draft Revised 23 July 2012 Amended to reflect that (a) unexpected finds do not include items covered by a relevant approval; (b) Aboriginal people must be consulted where an unexpected find is likely to be an Aboriginal object; (c) the Department of Planning and Infrastructure must be notified in accordance with Step 5 of this procedure for Part 3A and Part 5.1 projects. Prepared by Environment Branch Roads and Maritime Services Level 17, 101 Miller Street North Sydney, NSW 2060 T

66 Please note This procedure applies to all development and activities concerning roads, road infrastructure and road related assets undertaken by Roads and Maritime Services. For advice on how to manage unexpected archaeological finds as a result of activities related to maritime infrastructure or projects, please contact the Senior Environmental Specialist (Heritage).

67 Contents About this release Purpose Scope Types of unexpected archaeological finds and their legal protection Aboriginal objects Non-Aboriginal relics Human skeletal remains Responsibilities Acronyms Overview of the procedure Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure Seeking advice Related information List of appendices Appendix A Identifying Unexpected Archaeological Finds Appendix B Road and Fleet Services Escalation Protocol Appendix C RFS Unexpected Find Recording Form Appendix D Photographing Unexpected Archaeological Finds Appendix E Key Environmental Contacts Appendix F Uncovering Bones Appendix G Archaeological Advice Checklist Appendix H Template Notification Letter Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 1

68 Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 1. Purpose The unexpected archaeological finds procedure has been developed to provide a consistent approach on how to proceed in the event of uncovering an unexpected archaeological find (both Aboriginal and non-aboriginal) during Roads and Maritime Services (RMS) activities. This includes RMS heritage notification obligations under the following legislation: Heritage Act 1977 (NSW), National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 (NSW), Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act 1984 (Cth) and the Coroner s Act 2009 (NSW). This document provides relevant background information in Section 3, followed by the technical procedure in Sections 6 and 7. Associated guidance referred to in the procedure can be found in Appendices A-H. 2. Scope This procedure assumes that an appropriate level of Aboriginal and non-aboriginal cultural heritage assessment has been undertaken prior to project approval or determination. Such assessment would have identified all heritage items, including areas of archaeological potential, likely to be present within the project area. However, in some cases, despite appropriate and adequate investigation, unexpected archaeological finds may be encountered during the project construction phase. When this happens, this procedure must be followed. This procedure provides direction on when to stop work, where to seek technical advice and how to notify the regulator, if required. This procedure applies to all RMS construction and maintenance activities This procedure applies to: The discovery of any unexpected archaeological find (usually during construction), where RMS does not have specific approval to disturb that find. All RMS projects that are approved or determined under Part 3A (including Transitional Part 3A Projects), Part 4, Part 5 or Part 5.1 of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 (EP&A Act), or any development that is exempt under the Act. This procedure must be followed by all RMS staff, RMS alliance partners (including Local Council staff working under Road Maintenance Council Contracts, [RMCC]), developers under works authorisation deeds or any person undertaking Part 5 assessment for the purposes of RMS. This procedure does not apply to: The legal discovery and disturbance of archaeological finds as a result of investigations being undertaken in accordance with OEH s Code of Practice for the Archaeological Investigation of Aboriginal Objects in NSW (2010); an Aboriginal Heritage Impact Permit (AHIP) issued under the National Parks and Wildlife Act Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 2

69 1974; or an approval issued under the Heritage Act The legal discovery and disturbance of archaeological finds as a result of investigations (or other activities) that are required to be carried out for the purpose of complying with any environmental assessment requirements under Part 3A (including Transitional Part 3A Projects) or Part 5.1 of the EP&A Act. The legal discovery and disturbance of archaeological finds as a result of construction related activities, where the disturbance is permissible in accordance with an AHIP2; an approval issued under the Heritage Act 1977; or the Minister for Planning s conditions of project approval. All new Construction Environment Management Plans (CEMPs) must make reference to and/or include this procedure (often included as a heritage sub-plan). Where approved CEMPs exist they must be followed in the first instance. Where there is a difference between approved CEMPs and this procedure, the approved CEMP must be followed. Where approved CEMPs do not provide sufficient detail on particular issues, this procedure should be used as additional guidance. When in doubt always seek environment and legal advice on varying approved CEMPs. 3. Types of unexpected archaeological finds and their legal protection Project, field and environment staff will be critical to the early identification and protection of unexpected archaeological finds. Appendix A illustrates the wide range of archaeological discoveries found on RMS projects and provides a useful photographic guide to this early identification. Subsequent confirmation of archaeological discoveries must then be identified and assessed by technical specialists (usually an archaeologist). An unexpected find is any unanticipated archaeological discovery, for which RMS does not have existing approval to disturb 3. These discoveries are categorised as either: (a) Aboriginal objects (b) Non-Aboriginal unexpected finds (c) Human skeletal remains. The relevant legislation that applies to each of these categories is described below. 3.1 Aboriginal objects Unexpected archaeological finds may include Aboriginal objects. The National Park and Wildlife Act 1974 protects Aboriginal objects which are defined as: 1 RMS heritage obligations are incorporated into either the conditions of heritage approval or within the RMS standard consultant s brief for undertaking archaeological investigations. 2 RMS Procedure for Aboriginal cultural heritage consultation and investigation (2011) recommends that Part 4 and Part 5 projects that are likely to impact Aboriginal objects during construction seek a whole-ofproject AHIP. This type of AHIP generally allows a project to impact known and potential Aboriginal objects within the entire project area, without the need to stop works. It should be noted that an AHIP may exclude impact to certain objects and areas, such as burials or ceremonial sites. In such cases, the project must follow this procedure. 3 This is considered to be any physical interference with the find such as manually picking it up and putting it back, moving it to another location near by, removing it from site, crushing or excavation it, or any other type of physical action that results in it being destroyed, defaced, damaged, harmed, impacted or altered in any way (this includes archaeological investigation activities). Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 3

70 any deposit, object or material evidence (not being a handicraft made for sale) relating to the Aboriginal habitation of the area that comprises New South Wales, being habitation before or concurrent with (or both) the occupation of that area by persons of non Aboriginal extraction, and includes Aboriginal remains 4. Examples of Aboriginal objects include stone tool artefacts, shell middens, axe grinding grooves, pigment or engraved rock art, burials and scarred trees. IMPORTANT! All Aboriginal objects are subject to statutory controls and protections. If any impact is expected to an Aboriginal object, an Aboriginal Heritage Impact Permit (AHIP) is usually required from the Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH) 5. Also, when a person becomes aware of an Aboriginal object they must notify the Director- General of OEH about its location 6. Assistance on how to do this is provided in Section 7 (Step 5). 3.2 Non-Aboriginal unexpected finds Non-Aboriginal unexpected finds may include statutory relics or other non-statutory archaeological features (ie works). The Heritage Act 1977 protects relics which are defined as: any deposit, artefact, object or material evidence that relates to the settlement of the area that comprises NSW, not being Aboriginal settlement; and is of State or local heritage significance 7. Relics may relate to past domestic, industrial or agricultural activities in NSW, and can include items such as bottles, items of clothing, pottery, building materials and general refuse. IMPORTANT! All relics are subject to statutory controls and protections. If any impact is expected to a relic, a heritage approval is usually required from the NSW Heritage Council 8. Also, when a person discovers a relic they must notify the NSW Heritage Council of its location 9. Advice on how to do this is provided in Section 7 (Step 5). Some non-aboriginal archaeological features such as historic utilities and infrastructure are not considered to be relics ; instead they are considered to be works. Examples 4 Section 5(1) National Park and Wildlife Act Except when Part 3A, Division 4.1 of Part 4 or Part 5.1 of the EP&A Act applies. 6 This is required under s89(a) of the National Park and Wildlife Act 1974 and applies to all projects assessed under Part 3A, Part 4, Part 5 and Part 5.1 of the EP&A Act, including exempt development. 7 Section 4(1) Heritage Act Except when Part 3A, Division 4.1 of Part 4 or Part 5.1 of the EP&A Act applies. 9 This is required under s146 of the Heritage Act 1977 and applies to all projects assessed under Part 3A, Part 4, Part 5 and Part 5.1 of the EP&A Act, including exempt development. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 4

71 of works that the RMS may encounter include former road infrastructure features and services, culverts, previous historic road formation, historic pavement, buried road retaining walls, tramlines, cisterns and conduits. Although an approval under the Heritage Act 1977 may not be required, the discovery of works must also be managed in accordance with this procedure. 3.3 Human skeletal remains Human skeletal remains can be identified as either an Aboriginal object or non- Aboriginal relic depending on ancestry of the individual (Aboriginal or non-aboriginal) and burial context (archaeological or non-archaeological). Remains are considered to be archaeological when the time elapsed since death is suspected of being 100 years or more. Depending on ancestry and context, different legislation applies. As a simple example, a pre-contact archaeological Aboriginal burial would be protected under the National Park and Wildlife Act 1974, while a historic (non-aboriginal) archaeological burial within a cemetery would be protected under the Heritage Act For these cases, the relevant heritage approval and notification requirements described in the above sections 3.1 and 3.2 would apply. In addition to the National Park and Wildlife Act 1974, finding Aboriginal human remains also triggers notification requirements to the Commonwealth Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Populations and Communities (SEWPC) under s20(1) of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act 1984 (Cth). IMPORTANT! All human skeletal remains are subject to statutory controls and protections. All bones must be treated as potential human skeletal remains and work around them must stop while they are protected and investigated urgently. However, where it is suspected that less than 100 years has elapsed since death, the human skeletal remains come under the jurisdiction of the State Coroner and the Coroners Act 2009 (NSW). Such a case would be considered a reportable death and under legal notification obligations set out in s35(2); a person must report the death to a police officer, a coroner or an assistant coroner as soon as possible. This applies to all human remains less than 100 years old 10 regardless of ancestry (ie both Aboriginal and non-aboriginal remains). Public health controls may also apply. Guidance on what to do when suspected human remains are found is provided in Appendix F. 10 Under s19 of the Coroners Act 2009, the coroner has no jurisdiction to conduct an inquest into reportable death unless it appears to the coroner that (or that there is reasonable cause to suspect that) the death or suspected death occurred within the last 100 years. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 5

72 4. Responsibilities The following roles and responsibilities are relevant to this procedure. Role Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Advisor (ACHA) Aboriginal Sites Officer Archaeologist (A) Project (on-call) Archaeologist Project Manager (PM) Regional Environment Staff (RES) Registered Aboriginal parties (RAPs) RFS Environment Manager RFS Section Manager Definition/responsibility Provides Aboriginal cultural heritage advice to project teams. Acts as Aboriginal community liaison for projects on cultural heritage matters. Engages and consults with the Aboriginal community as per the RMS Procedure for Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Consultation and Investigation. Is an appropriately trained and skilled Aboriginal person whose role is to identify and assess Aboriginal objects and cultural values. For details on engaging Aboriginal sites officers, refer to RMS Procedure for Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Consultation and Investigation. Professional consultant, contracted on a case-by-case basis to provide heritage and archaeological advice and technical services (such as reports, heritage approval documentation etc). Professional consultant contracted for the implementation phase of a construction project to provide heritage and archaeological advice and technical services when required. Major projects with complex heritage issues often have a Project archaeologist. Ensuring all aspects of this procedure are implemented. The PM can delegate specific site tasks to a construction environment manager, RMS site representatives or regional environment staff, where appropriate. Providing advice on this procedure to project teams. Ensuring this procedure is implemented consistently by supporting the PM. Supporting project teams during the uncovering of unexpected finds. Reviewing archaeological management plans and liaising with heritage staff and archaeological consultants as needed. RAPs are Aboriginal people who have registered with the RMS to be consulted about a proposed RMS project or activity in accordance with OEH s Aboriginal cultural heritage consultation requirements for proponents (2010). Ensuring RFS field staff are aware of the RFS Escalation Protocol and RFS Unexpected Find Recording Form 418. Supporting the RFS Section Manager, where required, during the implementation of this procedure and ensuring reporting of unexpected finds through environment management systems. Responding to escalated unexpected finds that have been uncovered during RFS maintenance works. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 6

73 RFS Team Leader Senior Environmental Specialist (Heritage) (SES(H)) Technical Specialist Liaising with the RES and RFS Environment Manager and heritage staff, where required, during the uncovering of unexpected finds and the implementation of this procedure. Ensuring RFS field crew stop works in vicinity of the find. Completing RFS Unexpected Find Recording Form 418 and escalating issues to RFS Section Manager, as per RFS Escalation Protocol. Provides technical assistance on this procedure and archaeological technical matters, as required. Reviewing the archaeological management plans and facilitating heritage approval applications, where required. Assists with regulator engagement, where required. Professional consultant contracted to provide specific technical advice that relates to the specific type of unexpected find (eg a forensic or physical anthropologist who can identify and analyse human skeletal remains). 5. Acronyms The following acronyms are relevant to this procedure. Acronym Meaning AHIP Aboriginal Heritage Impact Permit ASO Aboriginal Site Officer CEMP Construction Environment Management Plan DSEWPC Commonwealth Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Populations and Communities EPRG Environmental Planning and Regulatory Group. Please note at the time of finalisation EPRG became part of Environment Protection Authority. OEH Office of Environment and Heritage PACHCI Procedure for Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Consultation and Investigation RAP Registered Aboriginal Party/ies RFS Road and Fleet Services RMCC Road Maintenance Council Contracts RMS Roads and Maritime Services Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 7

74 6. Overview of the procedure On discovering something that could be an unexpected archaeological find ( the find ), the project manager must implement the following procedure with the assistance of the regional environment staff and RMS heritage staff, where required. There are eight steps in the procedure. These steps are shown briefly in Figure 1 below and explained in detail in Section 7. Unexpected archaeological find uncovered 1. Stop work, protect find and inform RMS environment staff 2. Contact and engage an archaeologist, and Aboriginal site officer where required 3. Complete a preliminary assessment and recording of the find 4. Formulate an archaeological management plan 5. Formally notify the regulator by letter, if required 6. Implement archaeological management plan Find not archaeological 7. Review CEMPs and approval conditions 8. Resume work Figure 1: Overview of steps to be undertaken on the discovery of an unexpected archaeological find. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 8

75 7. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure Table 1: Specific tasks to be implemented following the discovery of an unexpected find. Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Advisor (ACHA); Aboriginal Sites Officer (ASO); Archaeologist (A); Project Manager (PM); Regional Environment Staff (RES); Registered Aboriginal Parties (RAPs); Senior Environmental Specialist (Heritage) (SES(H)). Step Task Responsibility Guidance & Tools 1 Stop work, protect find and inform RMS environment staff 1.1 Stop all work in the immediate area of the find and notify the PM. All RFS routine maintenance crews are required to follow the escalation protocol outlined in Appendix B and return to this procedure when directed by that protocol. Take a number of photographs that captures the general context and specific detail of the find. 1.4 Inform relevant RMS regional environment staff, Senior Environmental Specialist (Heritage) and Regional Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Advisor (where the find is thought to be an Aboriginal object). PM 1.5 Delineate and protect the find with appropriate (high visibility) fencing, where practical. PM 1.6 No further interference, including works, ground disturbance, touching or moving the find of any kind, must occur to the find or within the protected area. PM 1.7 Inform all site personnel of the protected area (a new environmentally sensitive zone). PM RFS Team Leader PM Appendix A (Identifying Unexpected Archaeological Finds) Appendix B (RFS Escalation Protocol) Appendix C (RFS Find Recording Form 418) Appendix D (Photographing Unexpected Archaeological Finds) Appendix E (Key Environmental Contacts) Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 9

76 Step Task Responsibility Guidance & Tools Where, at this stage, the find is reasonably suspected to be human remains proceed directly to notifying the local police who may take command of all or part of the site. Where the find does not involve human remains, continue progressing through this procedure. Report the find as a Notifiable Event in accordance with the RTA Incident Classification and Reporting Procedure. Also implement any additional reporting requirements related to the project s approval and CEMP. Contact and engage an archaeologist, and Aboriginal site officer where required PM PM/RES 2.1 Contact the project (on-call) archaeologist to discuss the location and extent of the find and to arrange a site inspection, if required. The project CEMP contains contact details of the project archaeologist. PM/RES Where there is no project archaeologist engaged for the project, engage a suitably qualified and experienced archaeological consultant to undertake a site inspection, 2.2 conduct a preliminary assessment and prepare an archaeological management plan. Lists of consultants are available from online sources, including the yellow pages. PM/RES Regional environment staff and RMS heritage staff can also advise on appropriate consultants. Where the find is likely to be an Aboriginal object, arrange for an Aboriginal sites officer to 2.3 inspect the find. Generally, this person would be a sites officer from the relevant local Aboriginal land council. If an alternative contact person (ie a RAP) has been nominated PM/ACHA as a result of previous consultation, then that person is to be contacted. 2.4 If requested, provide photographs of the find taken at Step 1.3 to the archaeologist, and Aboriginal sites officer if relevant. 3 Preliminary assessment and recording of the find PM/RES Appendix F (Uncovering Bones) RTA Incident Classification and Reporting Procedure Also see Appendix E (Key Environmental Contacts) Online lists of heritage consultants: OEH List AACAI List Appendix D (Photographing Unexpected Archaeological Finds) 3.1 In a minority of cases, the archaeologist (and Aboriginal sites officer, if relevant) may A/PM/ASO Proceed to Step 8 Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 10

77 Step Task Responsibility Guidance & Tools determine from the photographs that no site inspection is required because no archaeological constraint exists for the project (eg the find is not a relic, a heritage work or an Aboriginal object ). Any such advice should be provided in writing by the archaeologist (eg via ) and confirmed by the project manager. Arrange site access for the archaeologist (and Aboriginal sites officer, if relevant) to inspect the find as soon as practicable. In the majority of cases a site inspection is required to conduct a preliminary assessment. Subject to the archaeologist s assessment (and the Aboriginal sites officer s assessment, if relevant), work may recommence at a set distance from the find. This is to protect any other archaeological material that may exist in the vicinity, which has not yet been uncovered. Existing protective fencing established in Step 1.5 may need to be adjusted to reflect the extent of the newly assessed protective area. No works are to take place within this area once established. The archaeologist (and Aboriginal sites officer, if relevant) may provide advice after the site inspection and preliminary assessment that no archaeological constraint exists for the project (eg the find is not a relic, a heritage work or an Aboriginal object ). Any such advice should be provided in writing by the archaeologist, (and Aboriginal sites officer if relevant) (eg via ) and confirmed by the project manager. Where required, seek additional specialist technical advice (such as a forensic or physical anthropologist to identify skeletal remains). Regional environment staff and/or RMS heritage staff can provide contacts for such specialist consultants. Where the find has been identified as a relic, work or an Aboriginal object the archaeologist should record the find on a proforma recording form. The regulator can be notified informally by telephone at this stage by the archaeologist or project manager (or delegate). Any verbal conversations with regulators must be noted on the project file for future reference. PM A/PM/ASO A/PM/ASO Proceed to Step 8 PM/RES A PM/A Appendix E (Key Environmental Contacts) Aboriginal site recording form Non-Aboriginal site recording form Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 11

78 Step Task Responsibility Guidance & Tools 4 Prepare an archaeological management plan The archaeologist must prepare an archaeological management plan (with input from the Aboriginal sites officer, where relevant) shortly after the site inspection. This plan is a brief overview of the following: (a) description of the feature, (b) historic context, if data is easily accessible, (c) likely significance, (d) heritage approval and regulatory notification requirements, (e) heritage reporting requirements, (f) stakeholder consultation requirements, (g) relevance to other project approvals and management plans etc. In preparing the plan, the archaeologist with the assistance of regional environment staff must review the CEMP, any heritage sub-plans, any conditions of heritage approvals, any conditions of project approval (and or Minister s Conditions of Approval) and heritage assessment documentation (eg Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Assessment Report). This will outline if the unexpected find is consistent with previous heritage/project approval(s) and/or previously agreed management strategies. The project manager and regional environment staff must provide all relevant documents to the archaeologist to assist with this. Discussions should occur with design engineers to consider if re-design options exist and are appropriate. The archaeologist must submit this plan as a letter, brief report or to the project manager outlining all relevant archaeological issues. This plan should be submitted to the project manager as soon as practicable. Given that the archaeological management plan is an overview of all the necessary requirements (and the urgency of the situation), it should take no longer than two working days to submit to the project manager. The project manager must review the archaeological management plan to ensure all requirements can reasonably be implemented. Seek additional advice from regional environment staff and RMS heritage staff, if required. 5 Notify the regulator, if required. 5.1 Review the archaeological management plan to confirm if regulator notification is required. It may state notification is not required. A/ASO A/RES/PM A PM/RES/SES (H) Appendix G (Archaeological Advice Checklist) Appendix G (Archaeological Advice Checklist) PM/RES/SES (H) Proceed to Step 6 Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 12

79 Step Task Responsibility Guidance & Tools 5.2 If notification is required, complete the template notification letter. PM Forward the draft notification letter, archaeological management plan and the site recording form to regional environment staff and Senior Environmental Specialist (Heritage) for review, and consider any suggested amendments. Forward the signed notification letter to the relevant regulator (ie notification of non- Aboriginal relics must be given to the Heritage Branch of OEH, while notification for Aboriginal objects must be given to the Environmental Protection and Regulation Group of OEH). Informal notification (via a phone call or ) to the regulator prior to sending the letter is appropriate. The archaeological management plan and the completed site recording form must be submitted with the notification letter. For Part 3A and Part 5.1 projects, the Department of Planning and Infrastructure must also be notified. A copy of the final signed notification letter, archaeological management plan and the site recording form should be kept on file by the project manager and a copy sent to the Senior Environmental Specialist (Heritage). 5.6 If requested by the regulator, arrange a site inspection of the find for them. PM 6 Implement archaeological management plan Modify the archaeological management plan to take into account any additional advice resulting from notification and discussions with the regulator. Implement the archaeological management plan. Where impact is expected, this would include such things as a formal assessment of significance and heritage impact assessment, preparation of excavation or recording methodologies, consultation with registered Aboriginal parties, obtaining heritage approvals etc, if required. Where heritage approval is required contact regional environment staff for further advice and support material. Please note time constraints associated with heritage approval preparation and processing. Project scheduling may need to be revised where extensive delays are expected. PM/RES/SES (H) PM PM A/PM Appendix H (Template Notification Letter) Appendix E (Key Environmental Contacts) PM/RAPs PACHCI Stage 3 PM/RES Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 13

80 Step Task Responsibility Guidance & Tools For Part 3A/Part 5.1 projects, assess whether heritage impact is consistent with the project approval or if project approval modification is required from the Department of Planning and Infrastructure. Seek advice from regional environment staff and Environment Branch specialist staff if unsure. Where statutory approvals (or project approval modification) are required, impact upon relics and/or Aboriginal objects must not occur until heritage approvals are issued by the appropriate regulator. Where statutory approval (or Part 3A/Part 5.1 project modification) is not required and where archaeological recording is recommended by the archaeologist, sufficient time must be allowed for this to occur. Ensure short term and permanent storage locations are identified for archaeological material removed from site, where required. Interested third parties (eg museums or local councils) should be consulted on this issue. Contact regional environment staff and Senior Environmental Specialist (Heritage) for advice on this matter, if required. Ensure all archaeological excavation and heritage recording are completed prior to RMS project work resuming. 7 Review CEMPs and approval conditions Clarify regulator expectations around written authorisation to commence project work. This may relate to situations where human remains are found or when they request to review preliminary archaeological excavation reports or assessments prior to the resumption of RMS project work. Where this is not explicit in heritage approval conditions, expectations should be clarified directly with the regulator. Update the CEMP, site mapping and project delivery program as appropriate with any project changes resulting from final heritage management (eg retention of heritage item, salvage of item). Updated CEMPs must incorporate additional conditions arising from any heritage approvals, and Aboriginal community consultation if relevant. Include any changes to CEMP in site induction material and update site workers during toolbox talks. PM/RES PM PM PM PM PM PM Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 14

81 Step Task Responsibility Guidance & Tools 8 Resume work 8.1 Seek written clearance to resume project work from regional environment staff and the archaeologist (and regulator, if required). Clearance would only be given once all archaeological excavation and heritage recording (where required) are complete. RES/A/PM Resumption of project work must be in accordance with the all relevant project/heritage approvals/determinations. 8.2 If required, ensure archaeological excavation reporting and other heritage approval conditions are completed in the required timeframes. This includes artefact retention PM/A repositories and/or disposal strategies. 8.3 Forward all heritage/archaeological assessments, heritage location data and its RMS ownership status to the Senior Environmental Specialist (Heritage). They will ensure all heritage items in RMS ownership and/or control are considered for the RMS S170 Heritage Register. PM/SES(H) 8.4 If additional unexpected finds are uncovered this procedure must begin again from Step 1. PM Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 15

82 8. Seeking advice Advice regarding this procedure should be directed to regional environment staff in the first instance, and then RMS heritage staff, where required. RMS staff can contact RMS regional environment staff for advice on this procedure at any time. Contractors and alliance partners should ensure their own project environment managers are aware of and understand this procedure. Regional environment staff can assist non-rms project environment managers with enquires concerning this procedure. IMPORTANT! RMS staff and contractors are not to seek advice on this procedure directly from OEH without first seeking advice from regional environment and heritage staff. Technical archaeological advice regarding the unexpected find should be sought from the contracted archaeologist. Technical specialist advice can also be sought from heritage staff within Environment Branch to assist with the preliminary archaeological identification and technical reviews of heritage/archaeological reports. 9. Related information Contact details: Manager, Environmental Policy, Environment Branch, Effective date: 1 November 2011 Review date: Final + 12 months This procedure should be read in conjunction with: RTA Incident Classification and Reporting Procedure. RMS Procedure for Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Consultation and Investigation. RTA Heritage Guidelines RTA Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines. This procedure replaces: Procedure 5.5 ( unexpected discovery of an archaeological relic or Aboriginal object ) outlined in the RTA s Heritage Guidelines Other relevant reading material: NSW Heritage Office (1998), Skeletal remains: guidelines for the management of human skeletal remains. Department of Environment and Conservation NSW (2006), Manual for the identification of Aboriginal remains. Department of Health (April 2008), Policy Directive: Burials - exhumation of human remains

83 10. List of appendices The following appendices are included to support this procedure. Appendix A Identifying Unexpected Archaeological Finds Appendix B Road and Fleet Services Escalation Protocol Appendix C RFS Unexpected Find Recording Form 418 Appendix D Photographing Unexpected Archaeological Finds Appendix E Key Environment Contacts Appendix F Uncovering Bones Appendix G Archaeological Advice Checklist Appendix H Template Notification Letter Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 17

84 Appendix A Identifying Unexpected Archaeological Finds The following images can be used to assist in the preliminary identification of a potential unexpected find (both Aboriginal and non-aboriginal) during construction and maintenance works. Please note this is not a comprehensive typology. Top left hand picture continuing clockwise: Stock camp remnants (Hume Highway Bypass at Tarcutta); Linear archaeological feature with post holes (Hume Highway Duplication), Animal bones (Hume Highway Bypass at Woomargama); Cut wooden stake; Glass jars, bottles, spoon and fork recovered from refuse pit associated with a Newcastle Hotel (Pacific Highway, Adamstown Heights, Newcastle area). Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 18

85 Top left hand picture continuing clockwise: Woodstave water pipe with tar and wire sealing (Horsley Drive); Tram tracks (Sydney); Brick lined cistern (Clyde); Retaining wall (Great Western Highway, Leura). Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 19

86 Top left hand picture continuing clockwise: Road pavement (Great Western Highway, Lawson); Sandstone kerbing and guttering (Parramatta Road, Mays Hill); Telford road (sandstone road base, Great Western Highway, Leura); Ceramic conduit and sandstone culvert headwall (Blue Mountains, NSW); Corduroy road (timber road base, Entrance Road, Wamberai). Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 20

87 Top left hand corner continuing clockwise: Alignment Pin (Great Western Highway, Wentworth Falls); Survey tree (MR7, Albury); Survey tree (Kidman Way, Darlington Point, Murrumbidgee); Survey tree (Cobb Highway, Deniliquin); Milestone (Great Western Highway, Kingswood, Penrith); Alignment Stone (near Guntawong Road, Riverstone). Please note survey marks may have additional statutory protection under the Surveying and Spatial Information Act Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 21

88 Top left hand corner: Culturally modified stone discovered on Main Road 92, about two kilometres west of Sassafras. The rest of the images show a selection of stone artefacts retrieved from test and salvage archaeological excavations during the Hume Highway Duplication and Bypass projects from Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 22

89 Appendix B Road and Fleet Services Escalation Protocol Road crews in RMS Road and Fleet Services (RFS) undertake routine maintenance works such as patching, cleaning, line marking and milling within the road reserve. In addition, these works are often undertaken at night on urban thoroughfares. A specific escalation protocol has been developed to ensure that disruption to traffic is minimised if an unexpected find is encountered when carrying out such maintenance works. Unexpected find uncovered All: Stop works in immediate area of find All: Notify Team Leader immediately Team Leader: Photograph and record find using RFS Form 418 Team Leader: Is the find bones? No Team Leader: Can works avoid and not affect the find? (ie not physically destroy, remove or crush etc). Yes Yes No / Unsure Team Leader: Contact Section Manager (or higher). Yes Section Manager: Can works be amended to avoid impact upon find? No Section Manager: Contact RES and proceed to Step 1.4 of the procedure and follow Appendix F (Uncovering Bones), where required. Team Leader: Ensure the find is physically covered to protect from future damage and resume project works with care. Section Manager: Ensure find is secured* (eg fenced off and/or covered over) while ensuring road function is maintained. Liaise with Traffic Management Centre (TMC), if required. Team Leader: Submit final RFS Form 418 to QSC and RFS Environment Manager the next working day, who will forward it to the regional environment staff and Senior Environmental Specialist (Heritage). Section Manager: Submit final RFS Form 418 to QSC and RFS Environment Manager the next working day, who will forward it to the regional environment staff and Senior Environmental Specialist (Heritage). RES: proceed to Step 1.4 of the procedure and also decide if environmental assessment is required. *Appropriate temporary covering of the find is something that protects it from further damage and that can be removed quickly the next day without damage from re-excavation. For example geofabric and loose, dry asphalt, or a metal plate. Certain unexpected finds (such as human remains) should not be covered with loose material as the re-excavation process is likely to cause further damage to the find. Fencing and immediate action is appropriate in these rare cases. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 23

90 Appendix C RFS Unexpected Find Recording Form 418 Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 24

91 RFS Unexpected Find Recording Form 418 Date: Recorded by Project Name: Description of works being undertaken (eg Removal of failed pavement by excavation and pouring concrete slabs in 1m x 1m replacement sections). Description of exact location of find (eg Within the road formation on Parramatta Road, east bound lane, at the corner of Johnston Street, Annandale, Sydney). Description of item found (eg Metal tram tracks running parallel to road alignment. Good condition. Tracks set in concrete, approximately 10cms (100 mm) below the current ground surface). Sketch (Provide a sketch of the find s general location in relation to other road features so its approximate location can be mapped without having to re-excavate it. Also annotate this sketch with the location and direction of any photographs of the item taken). Action Taken (Tick either A or B) A. Unexpected find will not be affected by maintenance works B. Unexpected find will be affected by maintenance works A. Describe if and how works were amended to avoid impact to the find and the action taken to cover the item. B. Describe how works will affect the find. (eg Milling is required to be continued to 200 mm depth to ensure road pavement requirements are met. Milling to required depth would affect the top 50 mm of potential heritage pavement). Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 25

92 RFS Unexpected Find Recording Form 418 Attach Photographs. (Take a number of close up and general photographs so anyone off site can understand the location of the find, the material it is made from and any distinguishing features). Team Leader Signature Action: Refer issue to Section Manager (or higher) immediately where B has been ticked. To be completed by Section Manager Describe any further considerations to amend project works to avoid unexpected find and if impact is still anticipated. Describe action taken to secure site temporarily Section Manager Signature Action: Escalate to environment and heritage staff where impact to item cannot be avoided. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 26

93 Appendix D Photographing Unexpected Archaeological Finds Removal of the find from its context (eg excavating from the ground) for photographic purposes is not permitted. Photographs of unexpected finds, in their original placement (in situ), assists heritage staff and archaeologists to identify finds soon after being uncovered. ing good quality photographs to specialists can allow for better quality and faster heritage advice. The key elements that must be captured in photographs of the find include its position, the general find itself and any distinguishing features. All photographs must have a scale (ruler, scale bar, mobile phone, coin) and a note describing the direction of the photograph. Context and detailed photographs It is important to take a general photograph (Figure 1) to convey the location and setting of the find. This will add much value to the subsequent detailed photographs also required (Figure 2). Figure 2: Close up detail of the sandstone surface showing material type, formation and construction detail. This is essential for establishing date of the feature. Figure 1: Telford road uncovered on the Great Western Highway (Leura) in Photographing distinguishing features Where unexpected finds (eg artefacts) have a distinguishing feature, close up detailed photographs must be taken of this, where practicable. See Figures 3 and 4 for examples. Figure 3: Ceramic bottle artefact with stamp. Figure 4: Detail of the stamp allows Tooth & Co Limited to be made out. This is helpful to a specialist in gauging the artefact s origin, manufacturing date and likely significance. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 27

94 Photographing bones The majority of bones found on site will those of be recently deceased animal bones often requiring no further assessment (unless they are in archaeological context). However, if bones are human RMS must contact the police immediately (see Appendix F for detailed guidance). Taking quality photographs of the bones can often resolve this issue quickly. Heritage staff in Environment Branch can confirm if bones are human or non-human if provided with appropriate photographs. Ensure that photographs of bones are not concealed by foliage (Figure 5) as this makes it difficult to identify. Minor hand removal of foliage can be undertaken as long as disturbance of the bone does not occur. Excavation of the ground to remove bone(s) should not occur, nor should they be pulled out of the ground if partially exposed. Where sediment (adhering to a bone found on the ground surface) conceals portions of a bone (Figure 6) ensure the photograph is taken of the bone (if any) that is not concealed by sediment. Figure 5: Bone concealed by foliage. Figure 6: Bone covered in sediment Ensure that all close up photographs include the whole bone and then specific details of the bone (especially the ends of long bones, the epiphysis, which is critical for species identification). Figures 7 and 8 are examples of good photographs of bones that can easily be identified from the photograph alone. They show sufficient detail of the complete bone and the epiphysis. Figure 7: Photograph showing complete bone. Figure 8: Close up of a long bone s epiphysis. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 28

95 Appendix E Key Environmental Contacts Hunter region Senior Environmental Officer Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Advisor Northern region Senior Environmental Officer Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Advisor Southern region Senior Environmental Officer Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Advisor South West region Senior Environmental Officer Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Advisor Sydney region Senior Environmental Officer Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Advisor Western region Senior Environmental Officer Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Advisor Pacific Highway Office Environmental Services Manager Hume Highway Office Senior Environmental Officer Road and Fleet Services Environment Manager Environment Branch Senior Environmental Specialist, Heritage Heritage Regulators Heritage Branch Office of Environment and Heritage Locked Bag 5020 Parramatta NSW 2124 Phone: (02) Planning and Aboriginal Heritage Section Environment Protection and Regulation Group* (Metropolitan) Office of Environment and Heritage PO Box 668 Parramatta NSW 2124 Phone: (02) Environment and Conservation Programs Environment Protection and Regulation Group* (North West) Office of Environment and Heritage PO Box 2111 Dubbo NSW 2830 Phone: (02) Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Populations and Communities GPO Box 787 Canberra ACT 2601 Phone: (02) Planning and Aboriginal Heritage Section Environment Protection and Regulation Group* (North East) Office of Environment and Heritage Locked Bag 914 Coffs Harbour NSW 2450 Phone: (02) Aboriginal Heritage Protection Section Environment Protection and Regulation Group* (South) Office of Environment and Heritage PO Box 733 Queanbeyan NSW 2620 Phone: (02) Project-Specific Contacts (complete as needed) Position Name Phone Number Project Manager Site/Alliance Environment Manager Regional Environmental Officer Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Advisor Consultant Archaeologist Local Police Station OEH: Environment Line * Please note: at the time of finalising this procedure EPRG became part to the Environment Protection Authority (EPA); full title block was yet to be finalised. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 29

96 Appendix F Uncovering Bones All matters relating to uncovering bones and RMS human remains notification obligations should involve RMS regional environment and heritage staff. They will guide project managers through occurrences of uncovering bones. This appendix provides project managers with advice (1) on what to do on first uncovering bones (2) the range of human skeletal notification pathways and (3) additional considerations and requirements when managing the discovery of human remains. 1. First uncovering bones Stop all work in the vicinity of the find. All bones uncovered during project works should be treated with care and urgency as they have the potential to be human remains. Therefore they must be identified as either human or non-human as soon as possible by a qualified forensic or physical anthropologist. These specialist consultants can be sought by contacting regional environment staff and/or heritage staff at Environment Branch. On the very rare occasion where it is instantly obvious from the remains that they are human, the project manager (or a delegate) should inform the police by telephone prior to seeking specialist advice. It will be obvious that it is human skeletal remains where there is no doubt, as demonstrated by the example in Figure 1. Often skeletal elements in isolation (such as a skull) can also clearly be identified as human. Note it may also be obvious that human remains have been uncovered when soft tissue and clothing are present. Figure 1: Schematic of a complete skeleton that is obviously human 12. Figure 2: Disarticulated bones that require assessment to determine species. 12 After Department of Environment and Conservation NSW (2006), Manual for the identification of Aboriginal Remains: 17. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 30

97 This preliminary phone call is to let the police know that the RMS is undertaking a specialist skeletal assessment to determine the approximate date of death which will inform legal jurisdiction. The police may wish to take control of the site at this stage. If not, a forensic or physical anthropologist must be requested to make an on-site assessment of the skeletal remains. Where it is not obvious that the bones are human (in the majority of cases, illustrated by Figure 2), specialist assessment is required to establish the species of the bones. Photographs of the bones can assist this assessment if they are clear and taken in accordance with guidance provided in Appendix D. Good photographs often result in the bones being identified by a specialist without requiring a site visit; noting they are nearly always non-human. In these cases, non-human skeletal remains must be treated like any other unexpected archaeological find. If the bones are identified as human (either by photographs or an on-site inspection) a technical specialist must determine the likely ancestry (Aboriginal or non-aboriginal) and burial context (archaeological or forensic). This assessment is required to identify the legal regulator of the human remains so urgent notification (as below) can occur. Preliminary telephone or verbal notification by the project manager or regional environment staff is considered appropriate. This must be followed up later by RMS formal letter notification as per Appendix H when a management plan has been developed and agreed to by the relevant parties. 2. Range of human skeletal notification pathways The following is a summary of the different notification pathways required for human skeletal remains depending on the preliminary skeletal assessment of ancestry and burial context. A. Human bones are from a recently deceased person (less than 100 years old). Action A police officer must be notified immediately as per the obligations to report a death or suspected death under s35 of the Coroners Act 2009 (NSW). It should be assumed the police will then take command of the site until otherwise directed. B. Human bones are archaeological in nature (more than 100 years old) and are likely to be Aboriginal remains. Action The OEH (EPRG) and the RMS Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Advisor (ACHA) must be notified immediately. The ACHA must contact and inform the relevant Aboriginal community stakeholders who may request to be present on site. Relevant stakeholders are determined by the RTA s Procedure for Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Consultation and Investigation. C. Human bones are archaeological in nature (more than 100 years old) and likely to be non-aboriginal remains. Action The OEH (Heritage Branch, Conservation Team) must be notified immediately. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 31

98 The simple diagram below summarises the notification pathways on finding bones. After the appropriate verbal notifications (as described in B and C), the project manager must proceed through the Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure to formulate an archaeological management plan (Step 4). Note no archaeological management plan is required for forensic cases (A), as all future management is a police matter. Non-human skeletal remains must be treated like any other unexpected archaeological find and so must proceed to recording the find as per Step Additional considerations and requirements Uncovering archaeological human remains must be managed intensively and needs to consider a number of additional specific issues. These issues might include facilitating culturally appropriate processes when dealing with Aboriginal remains (such as repatriation and cultural ceremonies). RMS ACHA can provide advice on this and how to engage with the relevant Aboriginal community. Project managers, more generally, may also need to consider overnight site security of any exposed remains and may need to manage the onsite attendance of a number of different external stakeholders during assessment and/or investigation of remains. Project managers may also be advised to liaise with local church/religious groups and the media to manage community issues arising from the find. Additional investigations may be required to identify living descendants, particularly if the remains are to be removed and relocated. If exhumation of the remains (from a formal burial or a vault) is required, project managers should also be aware of additional approval requirements under the Public Health Act 1991 (NSW). Specifically, RMS is required to apply to the Director General of NSW Department of Health for approval to exhume human remains as per Clause 26 of the Public Health (Disposal of Bodies) Regulation 2002 (NSW) 13. Further, the exhumation of such remains needs to consider health risks such as infectious disease control, exhumation procedures and reburial approval and registration. Further guidance on this matter can be found at the NSW Department of Health website. In addition, due to the potential significant statutory and common law controls and prohibitions associated with interfering with a public cemetery, project teams are advised, when works uncover human remains adjacent to cemeteries, to confirm the cemetery s exact boundaries. 13 This requirement is in addition to heritage approvals under the Heritage Act Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 32

99 Appendix G Archaeological Advice Checklist The archaeologist must advise the project manager of an appropriate archaeological management plan as soon as possible after site inspection (see Step 4). An archaeological management plan can include a range of activities and processes, which differ depending on the find and its significance. In discussions with the archaeologist the following checklist can be used by the project manager and the archaeologist as a prompt to ensure all relevant archaeological issues are considered when developing this plan. This will allow the project team to receive clear and full advice to move forward quickly and in the right direction. Archaeological advice on how to proceed can be received in a letter or outlining all relevant archaeological issues. Assessment and investigation Required Assessment of significance Yes/No Assessment of heritage impact Archaeological excavation Archival photographic recording Heritage approvals and notifications AHIPs, Section 140, S139 exceptions etc Yes/No Yes/No Yes/No Yes/No Regulator relics/objects notification Yes/No RMS S170 Heritage Register listing Yes/No requirements Compliance with CEMP or other project Yes/No heritage approvals Stakeholder consultation Aboriginal stakeholder consultation Yes/No requirements and how it relates to RTA Procedure for Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Consultation and Investigation (PACHCI). Advice from regional environmental staff, Yes/No Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Advisor, RMS heritage team. Artefact management Disposal strategy for non-aboriginal relics Yes/No or heritage material (eg former road pavement): short term and permanent storage locations (interested third parties should be consulted on this issue). Control Agreement for Aboriginal objects. Yes/No Program and budget Time estimate associated with archaeological work. Total cost of archaeological work. Outcome/notes Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 33

100 Appendix H Template Notification Letter Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 34

101 [Select and type date] [Select and type reference number] [Select and type file number] [Insert recipient s name and address, see Appendix E] [Select and type salutation and name], Re: Unexpected archaeological find uncovered during Roads and Maritime Services project works. I write to inform you of an unexpected archaeological [select: relic and/or Aboriginal object] found during Roads and Maritime Services construction works at [insert location] on [insert date]. [Where the regulator has been informally notified at an earlier date by telephone, this should be referred to here]. This letter is in accordance with the notification requirement under [select: Section 146 of the Heritage Act 1977 (NSW) or Section 89(A) of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 (NSW)]. NB: On finding Aboriginal human skeletal remains this letter must also be sent to the Commonwealth Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Populations and Communities (SEWPC) in accordance with notification requirements under Section 20(1) of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act 1984 (Cth). [Provide a brief overview of the project background and project area. Provide a summary of the description and location of the find, including a map and image where possible. Also include how the project was assessed under the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 (NSW) (eg Part 5). Also include any project approval number, if available]. Roads and Maritime Services [or contractor] has sought professional archaeological advice regarding the find. A preliminary assessment indicates [provide a summary description and likely significance of the find]. Please find additional information on the site recording form attached. Resulting from these preliminary findings, Roads and Maritime Services [or contractor] is proposing [provide a summary of the proposed archaeological approach (eg develop archaeological research design, seek heritage approvals and undertake archaeological investigation). Also include preliminary justification of such archaeological impact with regard to project design constraints and delivery program]. The proposed archaeological approach will be further developed in consultation with a nominated Office of Environment and Heritage [select either EPRG/Heritage Branch, Conservation Team] staff member. Please contact me if you have any input on this approach or if you require any further information. Yours sincerely [Sender name and position] [Attach the archaeological management plan and site recording form]. Unexpected Archaeological Finds Procedure 35

102 Appendix E Erosion and Sediment Control Plan (Site 13) WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13

103 M4 Widening Description of Works: Site operation and stockpiling Erosion and Sediment Control Plan ERSED Principles The implementation of erosion and sediment controls will be progressive as site conditions change Limit disturbance and no go zones enforced. Erosion control measures will be designed so that they are as close as possible to the potential source of sediment Limit slope length to 30m intervals. All stormwater pits to be protected to prevent possible sediment entering existing drainage systems All temporary controls will be reinstated at the end of each day. Sandbags will be replaced when damaged / not functioning effectively. Daily inspections during construction, rainfall and post rainfall events. Controls to be checked to ensure they are in place and functioning Key Mulch Bund Earth Bund Geofabric Sed fence Sandbag check Rock Check Wash down area Concrete wash bin Site water flow Clean water Diversion Drain Site Boundary Stockpile # Additional Notes: Daily monitoring of holding pond to ensure adequate capacity during significant rainfall event. Site access is via Flemington St, refer to the VMP On site Dewatering No dewatering off site is to occur unless a permit to pump has been obtained. All water must be treated and tested prior to being pumped off site. Environmental Advisor/Manager will issue a permit to pump. Location: Flemington Road Compound (Site 13) Rev No. 4 Plan No. 9 Developed By: Brendan Murnane Date: 04/11/2015 Superintendent: Tyler Connors Date: 04/11/2015 Environmental Manager: Erran Woodward Date: 04/11/2015

104 Erosion and Sediment Control Plan Standard Gate Access Options Option 1 Clean Rock Apron Clean rock (150 & 75mm) over geofab layer Layer of geo-fab over rock foundation Clean rock foundation (150mm) Option 2 Wheel wash with built in rubble grid (used for high volume vehicle movements) Vehicles drive through wheel wash which has a submerged rubble grid. Mud/debris is shaken loose and collects in the on the base. Deposited material is periodically cleaned out when required.

105 Appendix F Construction Noise Impact Assessment WestConnex M4 Widening Addendum to Environmental Review Ancillary Facility Sites 7 and 13

106 14 December Ancillary Site 7 and 13 CNIS docx Rizzani Leighton Joint Venture WestConnex M4 Widening Project 2/75 Carnarvon Street SILVERWATER NSW 2128 Attention: Erran Woodward Dear Erran M4 Widening Ancillary Site Facilities Construction Noise Impact Assessment This letter presents a summary of the noise impact assessment of the M4 Widening construction works associated with the Ancillary Site Facilities. Noise and vibration predictions have been undertaken, where appropriate, for the ancillary site construction works. A marginal exceedance is predicted at the nearest residential receptor for works conducted at Site 13, although noise levels may be managed for this receiver through best work practices and by implementing the mitigation measures detailed in Section 4.3 of this report. I trust this information is sufficient for your requirements, however, please contact me if you require further information. Yours sincerely MARK RUSSELL Associate Consultant Noise and Vibration SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd 2 Lincoln Street Lane Cove NSW 2066 Australia (PO Box 176 Lane Cove NSW 1595 Australia) T: F: E: sydney@slrconsulting.com ABN

107 Rizzani Leighton Joint Venture M4 Widening Ancillary Site Facilities Construction Noise Impact Assessment 14 December Ancillary Site 7 and 13 CNIS docx Page 2 1 Introduction 1.1 Report Objectives SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd (SLR) has been tasked by Rizzani Leighton Joint Venture to assess the potential impacts from construction works associated with which are proposed to be undertaken as part of the M4 Widening Project. This report presents the noise impacts assessment related to the M4 Widening Project works planned to be undertaken at two Ancillary Site Facilities as part of this project. 1.2 Relevant Guidelines The noise guidelines for construction are based on the publications managed by the NSW Environment Protection Authority (EPA). The EPA guidelines applicable to this assessment include: Construction Noise - Interim Construction Noise Guideline - DECC 2009 (ICNG). 1.3 Terminology Specific acoustic terminology is used within this assessment. An explanation of common acoustic terms is included as Appendix A. 2 Construction Works 2.1 Timing The noise assessment is based on works being conducted during the day-time period of 7.00 am to 6.00 pm Monday to Friday, and 8.00 am to 1.00 pm Saturdays. 2.2 Equipment Table 1 and Table 2 detail the equipment scenarios and corresponding sound power level data for the proposed activities. These phases do not necessarily relate to the steps of the process rather they have been used as a planning tool to identify which element of the overall activity results in the likely worst-case impacts. SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd

108 Rizzani Leighton Joint Venture M4 Widening Ancillary Site Facilities Construction Noise Impact Assessment 14 December Ancillary Site 7 and 13 CNIS docx Page 3 Table 1 Construction Scenarios - Site 13 Scenario Equipment (Realistic Worst-Case) No of items in one 15 min Period Maximum LAeq Sound Power Level (dba) Ref Name Individual Item Activity 1 Site establishment 13t excavator Hiab truck 1 98 Franna crane 1 93 Truck (bogie) 1 97 Light vehicles Hand tools Facility operation 30t excavator Hiab truck 1 98 Concrete truck Truck dog 1 97 Light vehicles Facility demobilisation 13t excavator or back hoe Hiab truck 1 98 Franna crane 1 93 Truck 1 97 Light vehicles Hand tools Car Park Operation 1 Light vehicles Note 1: Assumes 5 minutes of operation in any one 15 minute period Table 2 Construction Scenarios - Site 7 Scenario Equipment (Realistic Worst-Case) No of Items in one 15 min Period Maximum LAeq Sound Power Level (dba) Ref Name Individual Item Activity 1 Site establishment Backhoe Roller Dozer Truck 1 97 Mulcher Light vehicles Hand tools Facility operation Truck & dog Small truck 1 97 Light vehicles Facility demobilisation 13t excavator or backhoe Truck 1 97 Light vehicles Hand tools 1 94 SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd

109 Rizzani Leighton Joint Venture M4 Widening Ancillary Site Facilities Construction Noise Impact Assessment 14 December Ancillary Site 7 and 13 CNIS docx Page 4 3 Noise Criteria 3.1 NSW Interim Construction Noise Guideline The EPA NSW Interim Construction Noise Guideline, 2009 (ICNG) contains a quantitative assessment method which is applicable to long term infrastructure projects (i.e. where the works will affect an individual or sensitive land use for more than three weeks in total). Guidance levels are given for airborne noise at residences and other sensitive land uses, including commercial and industrial premises. The quantitative assessment method involves predicting noise levels at sensitive receivers and comparing them with the guidance, or Noise Management Levels (NML s). The various NML categories have been reproduced from the guideline and are presented in Table 3. Table 3 Noise Management Levels for Airborne Construction Noise Time of Day Recommended standard hours: Monday to Friday - 7 am to 6 pm - Saturday 8 am to 1 pm Outside recommended standard hours. Industrial premises Note 1: Noise Management Level LAeq(15minute) RBL db RBL db 75 dba The Rating Background Level (RBL) is the overall single-figure background noise level measured in each relevant assessment period (during or outside the recommended standard hours). The term RBL is described in detail in the NSW Industrial Noise Policy (EPA 2000). 3.2 Project Area Noise Management Levels The NML s for the project area have been determined on the basis of unattended background noise monitoring previously undertaken in the project area as part of the M4 Widening project refer to the EIS technical paper, SLR Report R2 WestConnex M4 Widening, Pitt Street, Parramatta to Homebush Bay Drive, Homebush, Construction and Operational Road Traffic Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment dated 23 July While this monitoring data is over two years old, the background noise levels in the vicinity are dominated by road traffic noise from the adjacent M4 motorway, and are unlikely to have reduced. This data is therefore considered acceptable to use for the purpose of determining appropriate noise management levels for the receivers adjacent to the proposed works (and may be slightly conservative). The LAeq(15minute) NML s have been determined in accordance with the ICNG. The NML s which are relevant to the Noise Catchment Areas (NCAs) (refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2) for the proposed works are detailed in Table 4. SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd

110 Rizzani Leighton Joint Venture M4 Widening Ancillary Site Facilities Construction Noise Impact Assessment 14 December Ancillary Site 7 and 13 CNIS docx Page 5 Figure 1 Project Area and Noise Catchment Areas - Site 13 Site Area Parking Area NCA A104X NCA A103X Figure 2 Project Area and Noise Catchment Areas - Site 7 NCA A207N Site Area NCA A206X NCA A205S SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd

111 Rizzani Leighton Joint Venture M4 Widening Ancillary Site Facilities Construction Noise Impact Assessment 14 December Ancillary Site 7 and 13 CNIS docx Page 6 Table 4 Noise Management Levels NCA Noise Monitoring Location Receiver Type RBL (dba) NML - LAeq(15minute) (dba) NCA A104X A1.3 Residential NCA A103X NCA A207N A2.6 Residential NCA A205S NCA A206X Note 1: Day 1 Standard Construction (RBL +10dB) Standard daytime construction period: 7 am to 6 pm Monday to Friday and 8 am to 1 pm on Saturday. 4 Assessing Construction Vibration The effects of vibration in buildings can be divided into two main categories those in which the occupants or users of the building are inconvenienced or possibly disturbed and those in which the integrity of the building or the structure itself may be prejudiced. 4.1 Human Comfort Vibration The EPA s Assessing Vibration: a technical guideline (EPA 2006) provides guideline values for continuous, transient and intermittent events that are based on a Vibration Dose Value (VDV) rather than a continuous vibration level. The VDV is dependent upon the level and duration of the short-term vibration event, as well as the number of events occurring during the daytime or night-time period. The VDVs recommended in the document for vibration of an intermittent nature (ie construction works where more than three distinct vibration events occur) are presented in Table 5. Table 5 Acceptable Vibration Dose Values for Intermittent Vibration (m/s 1.75 ) (Assessing Vibration: a technical guideline) Location Daytime 1 Night-time 1 Preferred Value Maximum Value Preferred Value Maximum Value Critical Areas Residences Offices, schools, educational institutions and places of worship Workshops Note 1: Note 2: Daytime is 7:00 am to 10:00 pm and night-time is 10:00 pm to 7:00 am. Examples includes hospital operating theatres and precision laboratories where sensitive operations are occurring. These criteria are only indicative, and there may be a need to assess intermittent values against the continuous or impulsive criteria for critical areas. SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd

112 Rizzani Leighton Joint Venture M4 Widening Ancillary Site Facilities Construction Noise Impact Assessment 14 December Ancillary Site 7 and 13 CNIS docx Page Structural Damage Vibration Structural damage vibration limits are based on Australian Standard AS 2187: Part Explosives - Storage and Use - Part 2: Use of Explosives and British Standard BS 7385 Part Evaluation and measurement for vibration in buildings Part 2. These standards provide frequency-dependent vibration limits related to cosmetic damage, noting that cosmetic damage is very minor in nature, is readily repairable and does not affect the structural integrity of the building. The recommended vibration limits from BS7385 for transient vibration for minimal risk of cosmetic damage to residential and industrial buildings is shown in Table 6. Table 6 Transient Vibration Guide Values for Minimal Risk of Cosmetic Damage (BS ) Line Type of Building Peak component particle velocity in frequency range of predominant pulse 1 Reinforced or framed structures Industrial and heavy commercial buildings 2 Unreinforced or light framed structures Residential or light commercial type buildings 4.3 Ground-Borne (Regenerated) Noise 4 Hz to 15 Hz 15 Hz and above 50 mm/s at 4 Hz and above 15 mm/s at 4 Hz increasing to 20 mm/s at 15 Hz 20 mm/s at 15 Hz increasing to 50 mm/s at 40 Hz and above Ground-borne (or regenerated) construction noise can be present on construction projects where vibration from activities such as rock breaking, vibratory rolling, rotary cutting and rock drilling/sawing can be transmitted through the ground and into the habitable areas of nearby buildings. Ground-borne noise occurs when this vibration in the ground and/or building elements is regenerated as audible noise within areas of occupancy inside the building. The NSW EPA s ICNG defines internal ground-borne noise goals for residential receivers of 40 dba LAeq(15minute) during the evening 6:00 pm to 10:00 pm and 35 dba LAeq(15minute) during the night-time (10:00 pm to 7:00 am). The goals are only applicable when ground-borne noise levels are higher than airborne noise levels. 5 Construction Noise Assessment 5.1 Equipment Sound Power Levels The proposed works consist of the various construction scenarios as detailed in Table Construction Noise Assessment Airborne noise modelling was undertaken using the CONCAWE industrial noise algorithm as implemented in SoundPLAN V7.1. The three-dimensional model includes source noise levels, ground topography, location of sources and receivers, acoustic shielding provided by ground topography, air absorption, ground effects and the duration of equipment usage within the assessment period. Construction noise levels have been predicted at receiver locations in the vicinity of the proposed works. The resultant worst-case LAeq(15minute) noise level predictions are presented in Table 7 and Table 8 The results are presented as a summary of the worst-case impacts for each works scenario. The worst-case predictions (and subsequent mitigation measures) for each of the identified buildings relate to the facades/apartments orientated towards the works. SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd

113 Rizzani Leighton Joint Venture M4 Widening Ancillary Site Facilities Construction Noise Impact Assessment 14 December Ancillary Site 7 and 13 CNIS docx Page 8 The calculated noise levels will inevitably depend on the number of plant items operating at any one time and their precise location relative to the receiver of interest. In practice, the noise levels will vary due to the fact that plant will move about the worksites and will not all be operating concurrently. As such, noise levels are likely to be lower than the worst-case noise levels presented in Table 7 and Table 8 for the majority of time during the works. Table 7 Summary of Daytime Construction Noise Predictions (dba) - Site 13 Scenario NCA LAeq Assessment Worst-case Predicted LAeq(15minute) at Nearby Receiver RBL NML NML Exceed Site establishment NCA A104X Nil NCA A103X 69 3 db Exceedance Industrial Nil Facility operation NCA A104X Nil NCA A103X 74 8 db Exceedance Industrial Nil Facility demobilisation NCA A104X Nil NCA A103X 69 3 db Exceedance Industrial Nil Car Park operation NCA A104X Nil NCA A103X 62 Nil Industrial Nil Table 8 Summary of Daytime Construction Noise Predictions (dba) - Site 7 Scenario NCA LAeq Assessment Worst-case Predicted LAeq(15minute) at Nearby Receiver RBL NML NML Exceed Site establishment NCA A207N Nil NCA A205S 44 Nil NCA A206X 48 Nil Industrial Exceedance Facility operation NCA A207N Nil NCA A205S 25 Nil NCA A206X 29 Nil Industrial Nil Facility demobilisation NCA A207N Nil NCA A205S 25 Nil NCA A206X 29 Nil Industrial Nil SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd

114 Rizzani Leighton Joint Venture M4 Widening Ancillary Site Facilities Construction Noise Impact Assessment 14 December Ancillary Site 7 and 13 CNIS docx Page Discussion The noise predictions indicate that worst-case LAeq(15minute) construction noise levels of up to 51 dba are expected at the most affected residential receivers at Site 7. Accordingly, it has been predicted that compliance with the nominated NML s will be achieved at all residential receiver locations adjacent to Site 7 for the proposed daytime operations. Noise predictions indicate a marginal exceedance of the 75dBA industrial NML at Site 7 for four industrial premises adjacent to the proposed ancillary facility. The noise predictions indicate that worst-case LAeq(15minute) construction noise levels of up to 74 dba are expected at the most affected residential receivers at Site 13. Accordingly, it has been predicted that the nominated NML s will be exceeded by up to 8 db at six residential receivers in NCA A103X for the proposed daytime operations. Cumulative impacts from the operation of the car park are unlikley to increase the overall noise levels at the most affected residential receivers due to noise from the facility operation dominating. Noise predictions indicate no exceedances of the industrial NML at Site 13 for industrial premises adjacent to the proposed ancillary facility. Predicted LAeq(15minute) noise levels at the worst-affected receivers are shown in the maps in Appendix B. 5.3 Mitigation Measures Predicted LAeq(15minute) noise levels at the worst-affected residential receivers at Site 7 show that compliance with the nominated NML s is predicted to achieved without implementing any additional mitigation measures. In relation to the predicted exceedance of the industrial NML at Site 7, it is recommended that the following mitigation measures be implemented: Turn off plant which is not being used. Ensure plant is regularly maintained and replace equipment which becomes noisy. Arrange the worksite to minimize the use of movement alarms and vehicles and mobile plant. In addition, it is recommended that site inductions be given to all contractors taking part in the works. The inductions should highlight that as sensitive receivers are in close proximity to the works there is a need to limit noise where possible from shouting, vehicle stereos, radios, dropping of materials, slamming of doors, etc. Predicted LAeq(15minute) noise levels at the worst-affected residential receivers at Site 13 show that exceedance of the nominated NML s is predicted to occur at the most affected receivers in NCA A103X without implementing any additional mitigation measures. It is recommended that the mitigation measures listed above for Site 7 should be implemented at Site 13. It should be noted that during operation of the proposed ancillary facility (facility operation scenario) at Site 13 spoil will be stockpiled at the eastern end of the site, to creat a noise mound adjacent to receivers where exceedances of the nominated NML s are predicted. A noise mound with a height of 3 m at the eastern end of Site 13 (which blocks line of sight to the nearest receivers) is predicted to result in compliance with the nominated NML s. 5.4 Vibration Assessment Energy from construction equipment is transmitted into the ground and transformed into vibration, which attenuates with distance. The magnitude and attenuation of ground vibration is dependent on the following: SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd

115 Rizzani Leighton Joint Venture M4 Widening Ancillary Site Facilities Construction Noise Impact Assessment 14 December Ancillary Site 7 and 13 CNIS docx Page 10 The efficiency of the energy transfer mechanism of the equipment (i.e. impulsive; reciprocating, rolling or rotating equipment). The frequency content of the source. The stiffness of the ground. The type of wave transmitted through the ground (surface or body). The ground type and topography. Due to the above factors, there is inherent variability in ground vibration predictions without sitespecific measurement data. Indicative safe working distances for typical items of vibration intensive plant are listed in Table 9 for both structural damage and human discomfort. Table 9 Indicative Working Distances for Vibration Intensive Plant Plant Item Rating/Description Indicative Working Distance Structural Damage Human Response 1 Vibratory Roller < 50 kn (Typically 1-2 tonnes) 5 m 15 m to 20 m Small Hammer Medium Hammer Large Hammer Hydraulic Hydraulic Hydraulic < 100 kn (Typically 2-4 tonnes) 6 m 20 m < 200 kn (Typically 4-6 tonnes) 12 m 40 m < 300 kn (Typically 7-13 tonnes) 15 m 100 m > 300 kn (Typically tonnes) 20 m 100 m > 300 kn (> 18 tonnes) 25 m 100 m (300 kg - 5 to 12t excavator) 2 m 7 m (900 kg - 12 to 18t excavator) 7 m 23 m (1600 kg - 18 to 34t excavator) 22 m 73 m Vibratory Pile Driver Sheet piles 2 m to 20 m 20 m Pile Boring 800 mm 2 m (nominal) N/A Jackhammer Hand held 1 m (nominal) Avoid contact with structure Note 1: The working distances for Human Response assume that the source of the vibration is continuous throughout the daytime period. Higher levels of vibration are acceptable when the vibration levels are intermittent or impulsive. The safe working distances are therefore considered to be conservative and it is likely that the safe working distances corresponding to a low probability of adverse comment would be lower than indicated Discussion Based on the items of plant documented in Table 1 and Table 2 which will be used on site and the offset distance between site activities and the nearest sensitive receptors (>20 m), it is unlikely that vibration impacts will occur at the nearest dwellings to ancillary sites 7 and 13. SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd

116 Appendix A Page 1 of 2 ACOUSTIC TERMINOLOGY 1 Sound Level or Noise Level The terms sound and noise are almost interchangeable, except that in common usage noise is often used to refer to unwanted sound. Sound (or noise) consists of minute fluctuations in atmospheric pressure capable of evoking the sense of hearing. The human ear responds to changes in sound pressure over a very wide range. The loudest sound pressure to which the human ear responds is ten million times greater than the softest. The decibel (abbreviated as db) scale reduces this ratio to a more manageable size by the use of logarithms. The symbols SPL, L or LP are commonly used to represent Sound Pressure Level. The symbol LA represents A-weighted Sound Pressure Level. The standard reference unit for Sound Pressure Levels expressed in decibels is 2 x 10-5 Pa. 2 A Weighted Sound Pressure Level The overall level of a sound is usually expressed in terms of dba, which is measured using a sound level meter with an A-weighting filter. This is an electronic filter having a frequency response corresponding approximately to that of human hearing. People s hearing is most sensitive to sounds at mid frequencies (500 Hz to 4000 Hz), and less sensitive at lower and higher frequencies. Thus, the level of a sound in dba is a good measure of the loudness of that sound. Different sources having the same dba level generally sound about equally loud. A change of 1 dba or 2 dba in the level of a sound is difficult for most people to detect, whilst a 3 dba to 5 dba change corresponds to a small but noticeable change in loudness. A 10 dba change corresponds to an approximate doubling or halving in loudness. The figure below lists examples of typical noise levels Other weightings (eg B, C and D) are less commonly used than A- weighting. Sound Levels measured without any weighting are referred to as linear, and the units are expressed as db(lin) or db. 3 Sound Power Level The Sound Power of a source is the rate at which it emits acoustic energy. As with Sound Pressure Levels, Sound Power Levels are expressed in decibel units (db or dba), but may be identified by the symbols SWL or LW, or by the reference unit W. The relationship between Sound Power and Sound Pressure may be likened to an electric radiator, which is characterised by a power rating, but has an effect on the surrounding environment that can be measured in terms of a different parameter, temperature. 4 Statistical Noise Levels Sounds that vary in level over time, such as road traffic noise and most community noise, are commonly described in terms of the statistical exceedance levels LAN, where LAN is the A-weighted sound pressure level exceeded for N% of a given measurement period. For example, the LA1 is the noise level exceeded for 1% of the time, LA10 the noise exceeded for 10% of the time, and so on. The following figure presents a hypothetical 15 minute noise survey, illustrating various common statistical indices of interest. Of particular relevance, are: LAmax LA1 LA10 LA90 LAeq The maximum noise level during the 15 minute interval The noise level exceeded for 1% of the 15 minute interval. The noise level exceed for 10% of the 15 minute interval. This is commonly referred to as the average maximum noise level. The noise level exceeded for 90% of the sample period. This noise level is described as the average minimum background sound level (in the absence of the source under consideration), or simply the background level. The A-weighted equivalent noise level (basically the average noise level). It is defined as the steady sound level that contains the same amount of acoustical energy as the corresponding time-varying sound. When dealing with numerous days of statistical noise data, it is sometimes necessary to define the typical noise levels at a given monitoring location for a particular time of day. A standardised method is available for determining these representative levels. This method produces a level representing the repeatable minimum LA90 noise level over the daytime and night-time measurement periods, as required by the EPA. In addition the method produces mean or average levels representative of the other descriptors (LAeq, LA10, etc). SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd

117 Appendix A Page 2 of 2 ACOUSTIC TERMINOLOGY 5 Tonality Tonal noise contains one or more prominent tones (ie distinct frequency components), and is normally regarded as more offensive than broad band noise. 6 Impulsiveness An impulsive noise is characterised by one or more short sharp peaks in the time domain, such as occurs during hammering. 7 Frequency Analysis Frequency analysis is the process used to examine the tones (or frequency components) which make up the overall noise or vibration signal. This analysis was traditionally carried out using analogue electronic filters, but is now normally carried out using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysers. The units for frequency are Hertz (Hz), which represent the number of cycles per second. Frequency analysis can be in: Octave bands (where the centre frequency and width of each band is double the previous band) 1/3 octave bands (3 bands in each octave band) Narrow band (where the spectrum is divided into 400 or more bands of equal width) The following figure shows a 1/3 octave band frequency analysis where the noise is dominated by the 200 Hz band. Note that the indicated level of each individual band is less than the overall level, which is the logarithmic sum of the bands. Sound Pressure Level (dba) The common units for velocity are millimetres per second (mm/s). As with noise, decibel units can also be used, in which case the reference level should always be stated. A vibration level V, expressed in mm/s can be converted to decibels by the formula 20 log (V/Vo), where Vo is the reference level (10-9 m/s). Care is required in this regard, as other reference levels may be used by some organizations. 9 Human Perception of Vibration People are able to feel vibration at levels lower than those required to cause even superficial damage to the most susceptible classes of building (even though they may not be disturbed by the motion). An individual's perception of motion or response to vibration depends very strongly on previous experience and expectations, and on other connotations associated with the perceived source of the vibration. For example, the vibration that a person responds to as normal in a car, bus or train is considerably higher than what is perceived as normal in a shop, office or dwelling. 10 Over-Pressure The term over-pressure is used to describe the air pressure pulse emitted during blasting or similar events. The peak level of an event is normally measured using a microphone in the same manner as linear noise (ie unweighted), at frequencies both in and below the audible range. 11 Ground-borne Noise, Structure-borne Noise and Regenerated Noise Noise that propagates through a structure as vibration and is radiated by vibrating wall and floor surfaces is termed structure-borne noise, ground-borne noise or regenerated noise. This noise originates as vibration and propagates between the source and receiver through the ground and/or building structural elements, rather than through the air. Typical sources of ground-borne or structure-borne noise include tunnelling works, underground railways, excavation plant (eg rockbreakers), and building services plant (eg fans, compressors and generators). The following figure presents the various paths by which vibration and ground-borne noise may be transmitted between a source and receiver for construction activities occurring within a tunnel Overall 1/3 Octave Band Centre Frequency (Hz) 8 Vibration Vibration may be defined as cyclic or transient motion. This motion can be measured in terms of its displacement, velocity or acceleration. Most assessments of human response to vibration or the risk of damage to buildings use measurements of vibration velocity. These may be expressed in terms of peak velocity or rms velocity. The former is the maximum instantaneous velocity, without any averaging, and is sometimes referred to as peak particle velocity, or PPV. The latter incorporates root mean squared averaging over some defined time period. Vibration measurements may be carried out in a single axis or alternatively as triaxial measurements. Where triaxial measurements are used, the axes are commonly designated vertical, longitudinal (aligned toward the source) and transverse. The term regenerated noise is also used in other instances where energy is converted to noise away from the primary source. One example would be a fan blowing air through a discharge grill. The fan is the energy source and primary noise source. Additional noise may be created by the aerodynamic effect of the discharge grill in the airstream. This secondary noise is referred to as regenerated noise. SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd

118 km 2 LiNCOLN STREET LANE COVE NEW SOUTH WALES 2066 AUSTRALIA T: F: The content contained within this document may be based on third party data. SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd does not guarantee the accuracy of such information. Project No.: Date: 01/04/2015 Drawn by: MR Commercial - Exceedance of Project NML's Scale: 1:8,000 Residential - Compliance with Project NML's Sheet Residenital - Exceedance of Project NML's Projection: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 56 Commercial - Compliance with Project NML's Site Works LEIGHTON CONTRACTORS WESTCONNEX - M4 WIDENING SITE 7 - SITE ESTABLISMENT NOISE MANAGEMENT LEVEL COMPLIANCE / EXCEEDANCE

119 km 2 LiNCOLN STREET LANE COVE NEW SOUTH WALES 2066 AUSTRALIA T: F: The content contained within this document may be based on third party data. SLR Consulting Australia Pty Ltd does not guarantee the accuracy of such information. Project No.: Date: 12/11/2015 Drawn by: MR Commercial - Exceedance of Project NML's Scale: 1:4,280 Residential - Compliance with Project NML's Sheet Residential - Exceedance of Project NML's Projection: GDA 1994 MGA Zone 56 Commercial - Compliance with Project NML's Site Works LEIGHTON CONTRACTORS WESTCONNEX - M4 WIDENING SITE 13 - FACILITY OPERATION NOISE MANAGEMENT LEVEL COMPLIANCE / EXCEEDANCE