Dan Lucas, P.E. RETAP

Transcription

1 Dan Lucas, P.E. RETAP

2 THE TOOL IS COMPOSED OF CALCULATORS THAT MEASURE THE REDUCTION OF POLLUTION AT ITS SOURCE

3 THE POLLUTION PREVENTION TOOL INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING CALCULATORS: P2 COST SAVINGS CALCULATOR P2 GREENHOUSE GAS CALCULATOR GALLONS TO POUNDS CONVERTER WASTE REDUCTION MODEL (WARM)

4 THE P2 COST SAVINGS CALCULATOR IS USED FOR ASSESSING COST SAVINGS ASSOCIATED WITH: REDUCED COSTS FOR HAZARDOUS INPUTS AND HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCED AIR PERMITTING FEES REDUCED CHARGES FOR WATER USAGE AND ELECTRICITY

5 THE GREENHOUSE GAS CALCULATOR IS USED FOR ASSESSING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION CHANGES DUE TO: ELECTRICITY CONSERVATION GREEN ENERGY FUEL & CHEMICAL SUBSTITUTIONS WATER CONSERVATION IMPROVED MANAGEMENT THE GREENHOUSE GAS CALCULATOR IS ABLE TO USE DATA FROM THE COST SAVINGS CALCULATOR TO MAKE A DIRECT CONVERSION OF GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTIONS TO RELATED COST SAVINGS

6 THE CONVERTER PROVIDES CONVERSIONS FROM COMMON BUSINESS UNITS TO UNITS REPORTED FOR THE P2 GRANT PROGRAMS. THE CONVERTER CONVERTS GALLONS TO POUNDS OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REDUCED.

7 THE WARM REDUCTION MODEL HELPS SOLID WASTE PLANNERS AND ORGANIZATIONS TRACK AND VOLUNTARILY REPORT GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION REDUCTIONS FROM SEVERAL DIFFERENT WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

8 THE GHG CALCULATOR CONVERTS THE UNITS FOR VALUES ENTERED (E.G., KWH SAVED, WATER REDUCED, ETC.) TO CO 2 E AGGREGATES GHG CHANGES FROM INDIVIDUAL PROJECTS AND CATEGORIES CALCULATES THE COST SAVINGS ASSOCIATED WITH MOST OF THE GHG-REDUCING ACTIVITIES ENTERED

9 THE P2 COST CALCULATOR ADDRESSES THE FINANCIAL VALUE OF REDUCING: HAZARDOUS INPUTS AND WASTES AIR EMISSIONS WATER POLLUTION WATER USE ENERGY ELECTRICITY NON-HAZARDOUS INPUTS AND SOLID WASTE (EPA/P2 TRACKS THESE BUT DOES NOT REPORT)

10 THE P2 GHG CALCULATOR ACCOMMODATES: ELECTRICITY CONSERVATION GREEN ENERGY STATIONARY AND MOBILE SOURCE FUEL REDUCTION AND/OR SUBSTITUTION GREENING CHEMISTRY WATER CONSERVATION

11 POLLUTION PREVENTION THROUGH SOURCE REDUCTION REDUCES: FINANCIAL COSTS THROUGH WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTE CLEANUP ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS FROM HEALTH PROBLEMS ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE

12 POLLUTION PREVENTION PROTECTS THE ENVIRONMENT BY: CONSERVING NATURAL RESOURCES PROTECTING NATURAL RESOURCES STRENGTHENING ECONOMIC GROWTH THROUGH: MORE EFFICIENT INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION LESS NEED TO HANDLE WASTE

13 THE CALCULATOR IS NOT MEANT TO CALCULATE A PROGRAM S GREENHOUSE GAS FOOTPRINT, WHICH IS A MEASURE OF A PROGRAM S ENTIRE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FOR ALL OPERATIONS. GHG REDUCTION IS NOT APPLICABLE TO WATER POLLUTION. THEREFORE, WATER POLLUTION IS NOT REPRESENTED IN THE GHG CALCULATOR.

14 THE FOLLOWING ARE EXAMPLES OF USING THE GREENHOUSE GAS AND COST SAVINGS CALCULATORS GHG REDUCTION IS NOT APPLICABLE TO WATER POLLUTION. THEREFORE, WATER POLLUTION IS NOT REPRESENTED IN THE GHG CALCULATOR.

15 GHG CALCULATOR: ELECTRICITY CONSERVATION TAB - REDUCTIONS FROM ELECTRICITY CONSERVATION ARE BASED ON STATE-SPECIFIC EMISSIONS AS DEFINED BY E-GRID. COST CALCULATOR: ELECTRICITY TAB - REDUCTIONS IN TRADITIONAL ELECTRICITY USE WILL RESULT IN COST SAVINGS($)

16 A MICHIGAN COMPANY DEVELOPED AN ELECTRICITY CONSERVATION PROGRAM IN THEIR FACILITY THAT CONSERVED 15,000 KWH. INPUT: GHG CALCULATOR: ELECTRICITY CONSERVATION TAB STATE OR US = MI ELECTRICITY CONSERVED = 15,000 UNIT REPORTED = KWH COST CALCULATOR: ELECTRICITY USE TAB STATE OR US = MI QUANTITY ELECTRICITY REDUCED = 15,000 UNIT = KWH OUTPUT: GHG CALCULATOR = MTCO 2 E

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19 THIS MICHIGAN COMPANY PURCHASED 35,000 KWH OF GREEN ELECTRICITY. INPUT: GHG CALCULATOR: GREEN ENERGY TAB STATE OR US = MI ELECTRICITY CONSUMED FROM RENEWABLE ENERGY = 35,000 UNIT REPORTED = KWH COST CALCULATOR: ELECTRICITY USE TAB STATE OR US = MI QUANTITY ELECTRICITY REDUCED = 35,000 UNIT = KWH OUTPUT: GHG CALCULATOR = MTCO 2 E (EMISSIONS REDUCTION) COST CALCULATOR = $ (ADDITIONAL COST)

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22 GHG CALCULATOR: GREEN ENERGY TAB ASSUMPTION: NO GHG EMISSIONS ASSOCIATED WITH GREEN POWER 1 KWH OF FOSSIL-FUEL ELECTRICITY REPLACED WITH 1 KWH OF RENEWABLY- GENERATED ELECTRICITY IS THE SAME AS REDUCING ELECTRICITY USE BY 1 KWH COST CALCULATOR: ELECTRICITY USE TAB PURCHASE OF GREEN ELECTRICITY WILL INCREASE COSTS CALCULATOR USES STATE-SPECIFIC DATA WHEN AVAILABLE, OR THE NATIONAL AVERAGE

23 GHG CALCULATOR: STATIONARY SOURCES TAB CALCULATE GHG EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED FUEL USE INCLUDES EMISSION FACTORS FOR 14 COMMON FUEL TYPES USED TO POWER STATIONARY SOURCES (HIGH CARBON INTENSITY TO LOW) P2 COST CALCULATOR: FUEL USE TAB CALCULATES SAVINGS FROM REDUCED FUEL USE EXAMPLES OF DATA ENTRY OPTIONS INCLUDE NATURAL GAS, HEATING OIL, AND BIODIESEL.

24 THIS SAME MICHIGAN COMPANY ADJUSTED ITS PRODUCTION PROCESS WHICH REDUCED THE NATURAL GAS USED BY 20,000 THERMS ANNUALLY. INPUT GHG CALCULATOR: STATIONARY SOURCES TAB NATURAL GAS REDUCED = 20,000 UNITS = THERMS COST CALCULATOR: FUEL USE TAB AMOUNT NATURAL GAS REDUCED = 20,000 UNITS = THERMS OUTPUT GHG CALCULATOR = MTCO 2 E COST CALCULATOR = $13,231.80

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27 P2 GHG CALCULATOR: MOBILE SOURCES TAB INCLUDES THE ABILITY TO CALCULATE SAVINGS FROM REDUCED VEHICLE AND AIRPLANE MILES USER ENTERS EITHER FUEL REDUCED OR VEHICLE / AIR MILES AVOIDED, BUT NOT BOTH P2 COST CALCULATOR: FUEL USE TAB CALCULATES SAVINGS FROM REDUCED FUEL USE EXAMPLES OF DATA ENTRY OPTIONS INCLUDE VEHICLE MILES DRIVEN AND MOTOR

28 ANOTHER MICHIGAN COMPANY UPGRADED ITS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM ALLOWING FOR ENHANCED VIDEOCONFERENCING CAPABILITY. THIS ALLOWED THE SAVINGS OF 150,000 AIR MILES TRAVELED ON SHORT FLIGHTS AND 700,000 MILES ON LONG HAUL FLIGHTS, AVOIDING 35 FLIGHTS AT AN AVERAGE FLIGHT COST OF $700. INPUT: GHG CALCULATOR: MOBILE SOURCES TAB AIR MILES LENGTH OF FLIGHT = MULTIPLE DISTANCES CALCULATOR FOR AIR MILES REDUCED OVER MULTIPLE DISTANCES SHORT HAUL: < 300 MILES = 150,000 LONG HAUL: > 700 MILES = 700,000 COST CALCULATOR: FUEL USE TAB AIR TRAVEL NUMBER OF FLIGHTS AVOIDED = 35 AVERAGE COST PER FLIGHT = $700 OUTPUT: GHG CALCULATOR = MTCO 2 E COST CALCULATOR = $24,500 (COST SAVINGS)

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31 A VEHICLE MANUFACTURER CONVERTED HALF OF ITS VEHICLE FLEET TO USE BIODIESEL B100 INSTEAD OF DIESEL. THIS RESULTED IN SAVING 3,900 GALLONS OF DIESEL FUEL ANNUALLY. INPUT: GHG CALCULATOR DIESEL DIESEL FUEL REDUCED (GAL.) = 3,900 BIODIESEL BLEND = B100 BIODIESEL REDUCED (GAL.) = 3,900 COST CALCULATOR DIESEL FUEL REDUCED (GAL.) = 3,900 BIODIESEL REDUCED (GAL.) = 3,900 OUTPUT: GHG CALCULATOR (AGGREGATE TAB) = MTCO 2 E (IN EMISSION REDUCTIONS) COST CALCULATOR = $14, (REDUCTION IN DIESEL IS COST SAVINGS) $16, IN BIODIESEL COSTS = $1, IN ADDITIONAL COSTS

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35 P2 GHG CALCULATOR: GREENING CHEMISTRY TAB MORE THAN 200 CHEMICALS IN THE CALCULATOR EMISSIONS OF GASES ARE TRANSLATED INTO CO 2 EQUIVALENTS USING GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALS THE 100 YEAR GWP IS A MEASURE OF THE GLOBAL WARMING IMPACT OF A GAS, RELATIVE TO CO 2. NOTE: COST REDUCTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH THE REDUCTION OF SPECIFIC CHEMICALS HAS NOT BEEN INCORPORATED INTO THE P2 COST CALCULATOR.

36 THROUGH A COMBINATION OF REFRIGERANT TRACKING AND IMPROVED LEAK DETECTION, A MICHIGAN COMPANY SAVED 12,000 POUNDS OF HFC-134A. THEY ALSO REPLACED 800 POUNDS OF CFC- 12 WITH HFC-134A. INPUT: GHG CALCULATOR: GREENING CHEMISTRY TAB CFC-12 LBS. CHEMICAL AVOIDED = 800 HFC-134A LBS. CHEMICAL AVOIDED = 12,000 OUTPUT: GHG CALCULATOR (AGGREGATE TAB) = 10, MTCO 2 E (IN EMISSION REDUCTION)

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38 THE SAME MICHIGAN COMPANY USED AN IMPROVED, SCALED-UP PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF DARUNAVIR, A PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENT IN PREZISTA TM, BASED ON GREEN CHEMISTRY PRINCIPLES TO ELIMINATE 105 TONS OF METHYLENE CHLORIDE IN 2006, AMONG OTHER BENEFITS (INCLUDING AN 81% REDUCTION IN THE MANUFACTURING COST AND A 40% IN OVERALL YIELD). INPUT: GHG CALCULATOR: GREENING CHEMISTRY TAB METHYLENE CHLORIDE LBS. CHEMICAL AVOIDED = 210,000 (105 TONS) OUTPUT: GHG CALCULATOR (AGGREGATE TAB) = MTCO 2 E (IN EMISSION REDUCTION)

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40 P2 GHG CALCULATOR: WATER CONSERVATION TAB WATER AND ENERGY CONSERVATION ARE LINKED THROUGH THE ENERGY THAT IT TAKES TO PUMP, TREAT, AND TRANSPORT WATER. THE CALCULATOR DOES NOT ACCOUNT FOR THE HEATING OF WATER; THIS IS CAPTURED IN THE ELECTRICITY TAB. THE CALCULATOR DOES NOT NEED TO ACCOUNT FOR ALTERNATIVE HEAT BECAUSE IT HAS THE SAME IMPACT OF COLD WATER. P2 COST CALCULATOR: WATER USE TAB CALCULATES SAVINGS FROM REDUCTIONS OF INCOMING RAW WATER (DOES NOT TAKE INTO ACCOUNT HEATING WATER, BUT MERELY THE AMOUNT OF WATER THAT COMES IN ORIGINALLY THROUGH A P2 ACTIVITY).

41 OUR MICHIGAN COMPANY IMPROVED COOLING TOWER EFFICIENCY IN THEIR FACILITY THROUGH THE INSTALLATION OF MAGNETIC PULSE TECHNOLOGY AND SAVED 30,000,000 GALLONS OF WATER. INPUT: GHG CALCULATOR WATER CONSERVATION TAB WATER CONSERVATION STATE OR US = MI NON-HEATED WATER REDUCED (GALLONS) = 30,000,000 COST CALCULATOR WATER USE TAB STATE OR US = MI GALLONS REDUCED = 30,000,000 OUTPUT: GHG CALCULATOR = MTCO 2 E (IN EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS) COST CALCULATOR = $69, (IN COST SAVINGS)

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44 P2 COST CALCULATOR WATER POLLUTION TAB CALCULATES SAVINGS FROM REDUCED DISCHARGES OF WATER POLLUTANTS WASTE WATER INCLUDES CONTAMINANTS IN WATER AND STORM WATER DISCHARGED TO SEWER SYSTEMS, SEPTIC SYSTEMS, INJECTION WELLS, AND GROUND WATER WATER POLLUTANTS INCLUDE BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD), CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (COD), TOXICS, NUTRIENTS, TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS) NOTE: GHG REDUCTION IS NOT APPLICABLE TO WATER POLLUTION, THEREFORE THIS ACTIVITY IS NOT REPRESENTED IN THE GHG CALCULATOR. SIMILARLY, OTHER ACTIVITIES NOT REPRESENTED IN THE GHG CALCULATOR INCLUDE HAZARDOUS AND NON- HAZARDOUS WASTE REDUCTION AND AIR POLLUTANTS (NO X, SO X, VOC S, PM 10, HAP S).

45 THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A NEW FILTRATION SYSTEM IN OF ONE OF ITS PLANTS, OUR COMPANY REDUCED THE QUANTITY OF BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD) AND CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (COD) DISCHARGED BY 750 POUNDS. INPUT: COST CALCULATOR: WATER POLLUTION TAB BOD/COD STATE OR US = MI QUANTITY REDUCED = 750 UNITS = LBS. OUTPUT: COST CALCULATOR = $135.00

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50 ENGINEERING TOOL-KIT COMMON SOLVENTS FUELS AND OILS REFRIGERANTS HOUSEHOLD PAINTS METAL WORKING FLUIDS LIQUIDS

51 CALCULATING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS WITH THE WASTE REDUCTION MODEL

52 THE WASTE REDUCTION MODEL (WARM) WAS CREATED BY THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA) TO ASSIST SOLID WASTE PLANNERS ESTIMATE GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG) EMISSION REDUCTIONS FROM SEVERAL DIFFERENT WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES THERE ARE BOTH A WEB BASED CALCULATOR AND AN MICROSOFT EXCEL SPREADSHEET BOTH VERSIONS ARE AVAILABLE AT TOOLS-AND-CALCULATORS#CALC

53 WARM WAS DEVELOPED FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGERS WHO WANT TO CALCULATE THE GHG EMISSIONS ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENT WASTE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS WARM IS NOT A GHG INVENTORY TOOL

54 DATA IS GATHERED ON HOW MUCH WASTE IS MANAGED USING CURRENT PRACTICES TO GENERATE A BASELINE. AS ALTERNATE PRACTICES ARE CONSIDERED OR CURRENT PRACTICES ARE REVISED, THE WASTE REDUCTION MODEL RECALCULATES THE MTCO 2 E AND IS COMPARED AGAINST THE BASELINE DATA.

55 A MICHIGAN COMPANY IS CONSIDERING REVISING THEIR CURRENT PRACTICES FOR PROCESSING ALUMINUM INCLUDING IMPROVED EFFICIENCIES AND INCREASED RECYCLING. BASELINE: TONS RECYCLED = 40.0 TONS LANDFILLED = 15.0 PROPOSED:TONS SOURCE REDUCTION = 10.0 TONS RECYCLED = 35.0 TONS LANDFILLED = 10.0 NOTE: TONS PROCESSED IN BASELINE MUST EQUAL TONS PROCESSED IN PROPOSED REVISION.

56 ANALYSIS INPUT SCREEN:

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65 www2.epa.gov/p2/pollution-prevention-tools-and-calculators Questions Dan Lucas, P.E.