Demand Response A Case Study

Transcription

1 Demand Response A Case Study (or two) P R I CING PROGRAMS MAKE A N IMPACT LO UIS SZABLYA, P R I NCIPA L

2 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% MW of System Load 23,000 21,000 19,000 17,000 Why Bother? Load-Duration Ontario IESO 2017 Reliability Top 100 Hours Load Curve Peak 21,786 Average/Maximum (Load Factor) Typical Ratio ~60% - 70% 15,000 13,000 11,000 9,000 Next 900 Hours Economic Average 15,079 7,000 5,000 Percent of Time Above

3 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% CAD per MWh Why Bother Price Duration 2017 Ontario IESO $1,900 Top 100 Hours ~ CAD $ 186 M Highest CAD $1, $1,700 $1,500 $1,300 Simple Average CAD $14.14 Weighted Average CAD $15.81 Next 900 Hours ~CAD $146M Average/Maximum Ratio 128 x $1,100 $900 $700 $500 $300 $100 $(100) Percent of Time Above

4 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% MW of System Load CAD per MWh Load Duration Showing Prices 23,000 21,000 19,000 17,000 15,000 Avg CAD $35.69 Top 100 Hours ~ CAD $ 13 M $1,900 $1,700 $1,500 $1,300 $1,100 13,000 11,000 Avg CAD $ ,000 7,000 Next 900 Hours ~CAD $121 M $900 $700 $500 $300 $100 5,000 $(100) Percent of Time Above

5 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% MW of System Load CAD per MWh Price Duration Showing Loads 23,000 21,000 19,000 Top 100 Hours ~ CAD $ 15 M 2 STD 19,425 MW $1,900 $1,700 $1,500 17,000 Average 15,079 MW $1,300 15,000 13,000 $1,100 $900 $700 11,000 $500 9,000 $300 7,000 $100 5,000 $(100) Percent of Time Above

6 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% MW of System Load CAD per MWh Price Duration Showing Loads 23,000 21,000 19,000 Next 900 Hours ~CAD $104 M 2 STD 19,425 MW $1,900 $1,700 $1,500 17,000 Average 15,079 MW $1,300 15,000 13,000 $1,100 $900 $700 11,000 $500 9,000 $300 7,000 $100 5,000 $(100) Percent of Time Above

7 Demand Response Direct Load Control Cycle loads Turn off/on loads Limit loads Voltage control Demand Response Response to a signal No control commands used Transactive Energy No central control Peer-to-Peer

8 Demand Response Response to Price Signal Passive Customers take action Active Devices take action Autonomous Devices respond to current conditions

9 Case Studies Two Pricing Programs Oklahoma Gas & Electric (OG&E) SmartHours Alectra (formerly PowerStream) Advanced Power Pricing

10 OG+E SmartHours Intended to avoid construction of a new simple cycle CT Approved by commission Fully commercial in 2012 Over 120,000 participants ~20% Customers save an average of $200/year

11 OG&E Smart Hours Standard Pricing Schedule: R-VPP* Fixed monthly $13.00/mo Summer June-October Off Peak 3.27 ( and ) On-Peak is only weekdays and has 4 prices Low 3.27 Standard 7.70 High Critical Winter November-May First All 2.43 *OG&E 4 th Revised Rate Sheets

12 OG+E SmartHours Events Low Standard High Critical CPE Critical System Peak (8/11) Avg Temp Days Max Temp 8 6 1

13 kw Reduction Delivered Per Home OG+E SmartHours Actual Participant Reductions Low Standard High Critical CPE Critical System Peak (8/11) Rate Only Thermostat

14 MW Reduction OG+E SmartHours Actual Delivered Reductions Low Standard High Critical CPE Critical System Peak (8/11) Total Rate Only Thermostat

15 Oklahoma Gas & Electric SmartHours Summary PROGRAM No control signals sent Pricing pushed out through meters via ZigBee Utility provides free price responsive thermostats Over 68,000 Devices Utility provided Energate and Carrier thermostats 1,000+ installations per week at peak deployment RESULTS Over 1.5 kw/home reduction on Critical peak days >120 MW total Critical High 18.4 Standard Low 3.27 Off-Peak 3.27 /kwh 15

16 Advantage Power Pricing Ontario already on seasonal Time of Use TOU APP Rate Design Empower, not compel Price signals only Revenue neutral Rates Summer Off-Peak ( and 5.9 /kwh On-Peak ( ) 13.0 /kwh 26.0 /kwh 52.0 /kwh 65.0 /kwh

17 Alectra Province-Wide Time of Use 12am Off-Peak (5.9 /kwh) 3pm 7pm Off-Peak (5.9 /kwh) Critical-Peak* (65.0 /kwh) On-Peak (13.0 /kwh, 26.0 /kwh, 52.0 /kwh) *Critical Peak Pricing can occur anytime

18 Alectra Advantage Power Pricing 12am Off-Peak (8.7 /kwh) 7am 11am On-Peak (18.0 /kwh) 5pm 7pm Mid-Peak (13.2 /kwh) Mid-Peak (13.2 /kwh) 12am Off-Peak (5.9 /kwh) 3pm 7pm Off-Peak (5.9 /kwh) Critical-Peak* (65.0 /kwh) On-Peak (13.0 /kwh, 26.0 /kwh, 52.0 /kwh) *Critical Peak Pricing can occur anytime

19 Days 70 Advantage Power Pricing Days at Each Price and Events Off-Peak Low Medium High Critical Peak Days 5

20 kw Reduction Delivered Per Home Advantage Power Pricing Actual Participant Reductions Low Medium High Critical Peak 184 Participants with DLC and 1,175 Participants with Thermostat DLC Thermostat

21 kw Reduction 928 1,200 Advantage Power Pricing Actual Delivered Reductions 1,000 1, Low Standard High Critical 184 Participants with DLC and 1,175 Participants with Thermostat Total DLC Thermostat

22 Alectra APP Results PROGRAM No control signals sent Pricing pushed out through meters via ZigBee Utility provided free price responsive thermostats Capacity Average participant with price responsive devices delivered kw Average BYOD participant was 0.26 kw Energy use remained flat (within statistical error) Customers saved CAD $137 - $181 if they used the balanced to max savings settings on their provided thermostats.

23 Consumers Why They Signed Up Savings/ Economy Convenience Comfort Environmental Impact Access to Latest Technology Keeping up with Neighbors 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% % of Respondents Most Important Least Important 23

24 Number of Succesful Logins 10,000 Consumers Engagement 9,000 8,000 8,596 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 1,429 1,289 1, Thermostat Only Control Group Basic Portal Premium Portal Mobile App Plus Smart Plug

25 Consumers See Value Is learning how to use the technology worth your time? Would you recommend Smart Grid technologies to friends and family? Worth it 53% No Definitely 2% 13% Strongly recommend No 16% 3% Somewhat 32% Recommend 56% Somewhat recommend 25% 25

26 Consumers When Offered Three Choices 60% 17% 13% 30% 40% Afternoon Premium Afternoon & Evening Premium Night-time Discount Standard Plan Source: Smart Energy Consumer Collaborative: The Empowered Consumer, May 2016

27 Consumers Acceptance Smart Grid/Smart Meter Benefits that Consumers Say Somewhat or Strongly Increase their Support of the Technology Save Money Avoid Wasting Energy More Reliable Service More US energy independence Protect the Environment More control of home energy use More rate/billing choices Somewhat Increases 24% 25% 27% 23% 25% 28% 29% Strongly Increases 56% 55% 53% 55% 53% 47% 46% Source: Smart Grid Consumer Collaborative Sept % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 27

28 28 Demand Response Some Takeaways Every Connected Business or Home can be considered Installed Capacity for future programs Offering new apps and features re-engages customers Investment in initial engagement pays dividends

29 Demand Response Louis Szablya Is Effective Changing the load-duration curve Viewed favorably by most regulators Welcomed by customers (if done right) Here to stay Will Collapse the price-duration curve Encourage new rate designs, including straight fixed/variable Get more interactive Be more transactive Ignore it at your own risk.