BABY BEACH DANA POINT HARBOR BACTERIAL INDICATOR TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOAD ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT FY

Transcription

1 BABY BEACH DANA POINT HARBOR BACTERIAL INDICATOR TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOAD ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT FY PREPARED BY WATERSHED PARTNERS: COUNTY OF ORANGE & CITY OF DANA POINT ORDER NO. R NOVEMBER 15, 2013

2 PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF: Chris Crompton, Manager, Environmental Resources Water Quality Planning Section: Kacen Clapper, Environmental Resources Specialist Stuart Goong, Environmental Resources Specialist IN COOPERATION WITH: City of Dana Point: Lisa Zawaski, Senior Water Quality Engineer Brad Fowler, Director of Public Works & Engineering Services

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 INTRODUCTION WATERSHED SETTING WASTE LOAD ALLOCATIONS/SCHEDULE SUMMARY OF BMPs BMP Implementation Timeline Conclusions and Future BMP Efforts TMDL MONITORING PROGRAM Dana Point Harbor Bacteria Monitoring Programs WATERSHED ASSESSMENT & CONCLUSIONS Introduction Assessment Criteria & Baby Beach Monitoring Baby Beach Data Analysis Total Coliform Baby Beach Data Analysis Fecal Coliform Baby Beach Data Analysis Enterococcus Baby Beach Microbial Source Tracking Special Study Conclusions TMDL WORK PLAN Introduction Ongoing BMP Implementation Current Investigations Future BMPs BMP Assessment REFERENCES APPENDIX A APPENDIX B Baby Beach Bacteria Test Results Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline Table of Contents i

4 LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 Final Bacterial Indicator Waste Load Allocations Table 3.2 TMDL Waste Load Reduction Milestones Table 3.3 Final Bacteria Indicator Numeric Targets Table 5.1 Dana Point Harbor Bacteria Monitoring Sites and Frequencies Table 6.1 Baby Beach Dry Weather Total Coliform Exceedances Table 6.2 Baby Beach Wet Weather Total Coliform Exceedances Table 6.3 Baby Beach Dry Weather Fecal Coiliform Exceedances Table 6.4 Baby Beach Wet Weather Fecal Coiliform Exceedances Table 6.5 Baby Beach Dry Weather Enterococcus Exceedances Table 6.6 Baby Beach Wet Weather Enterococcus Exceedances Table 6.7 Baby Beach Microbial Source Tracking Data Results Table 7.1 Ongoing BMP Implementation, Schedule & Lead Agency LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Aerial Photo of Dana Point Harbor Figure 2.1 The Baby Beach Watershed & Associated Land Use Figure 5.1 Fecal Indicator Bacteria Sample Collection Sites Figure 6.1 Dry Weather Running 30-Day Geomean Total Coliform Figure 6.2 Dry Weather Single Sample Concentrations Total Coliform Figure 6.3 Wet Weather Single Sample Concentrations Total Coliform Figure 6.4 Total Coliform Concentrations as Box Plots Wet and Dry Weather Figure 6.5 Dry Weather Running 30-Day Geomean Fecal Coliform Figure 6.6 Dry Weather Single Sample Concentrations Fecal Coliform Figure 6.7 Wet Weather Single Sample Concentrations Fecal Coliform Figure 6.8 Fecal Coliform Concentrations as Box Plots Wet and Dry Weather Figure 6.9 Dry Weather Running 30-Day Geomean Enterococcus Figure 6.10 Dry Weather Single Sample Concentrations Enterococcus Figure 6.11 Wet Weather Single Sample Concentrations Enterococcus Figure 6.12 Enterococcus Concentrations as Box Plots Wet and Dry Weather Table of Contents ii

5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Baby Beach is a small man-made in the innermost corner of Dana Point Harbor in the City of Dana Point, California. The beach is surrounded by mixed land uses including commercial food and lodging, open space, and residential. Routine testing of bacterial water quality at Baby Beach began in In August 1996, high fecal indicator bacteria concentrations in beach waters prompted health officials to close the beach to swimmers and begin an 11-month source investigation. Despite extensive efforts, the source of the high bacteria levels remained a mystery and elevated concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria remained a periodic problem at the Beach. To address high bacteria concentrations at Baby Beach and at other impaired harbor and bay beaches, the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board adopted bacterial Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) (Resolution No. R ) in June The harbor and bay bacterial TMDLs for three indicator bacteria (total coliform, fecal coliform, and Enterococcus) were later incorporated into the Orange County Fourth Term Permit Resolution No. R in December Section I 1 of Order R requires the County of Orange and the City of Dana Point to implement Best Management Practices (BMPs) capable of achieving Baby Beach bacterial TMDL waste load reductions by the following milestones. Meet 50% waste load reductions ACTION DATE/MILESTONE ACTUAL DATE 3 years after effective date for dry weather September 15, 2012* 7 years after effective date for wet weather September 15, 2016* Meet 100% waste load 5 years after effective date for dry weather December 31, 2014** reductions 10 years after effective date for wet weather December 31, 2019** *The effective date of the TMDL was September 15, ** R specifies that the WLAs are to be met by the end of the year. Bacteria source investigation and control efforts have continued at Baby Beach since the initial 1996 beach closing and eventual TMDL adoption. Through implementation of BMPs to address several suspected bacteria sources, including measures such as manually removing bird feces from the beach, Baby Beach water quality has improved significantly. Data analysis for the reporting period indicates that dry weather TMDL load reductions have been achieved for total coliform and the 50% load reduction milestones for fecal coliform and Enterococcus have also been achieved. Wet weather data also supports the conclusion that TMDL load reductions have been achieved for total coliform and fecal coliform while further reductions are needed for Enterococcus. A recent microbial source tracking special study suggested that a portion of the remaining bacterial exceedances at Baby Beach may be of canine origin, prompting the County to increase enforcement of its policy banning dogs from the beach. This annual progress report provides an analysis of bacterial water quality (Section 6) and BMP efforts (Section 4) at Baby Beach through the TMDL fourth annual reporting period June 2012 July 2013 and includes proposed TMDL Work Plan efforts (Section 7). Based on current water quality conditions, the TMDL work plan will continue implementation of existing BMP efforts and special studies and the TMDL monitoring program. Annual Progress Report i November 15, 2013 Executive Summary

6 1.0 INTRODUCTION Baby Beach is a small man-made beach located in Dana Point Harbor in the City of Dana Point, California (see Figure 1.1). Approximately 600 feet wide (700 feet of shoreline) and nestled below the bluffs of Dana Point in the innermost corner of the harbor, the beach is owned and operated by the County of Orange. Figure 1.1: Aerial Photo of Dana Point Harbor Routine testing of bacterial water quality at Baby Beach began in In August 1996, high fecal indicator bacteria concentrations in beach waters prompted health officials to close the beach. An extensive 11-month investigation and source control effort included: video camera inspection of nearby sewer lines, inspection of plumbing of harbor restrooms, testing of groundwater at 15 monitoring wells, analysis of runoff from bluff top neighborhoods, installation of plugs in storm drains to the beach, reduction of irrigation and fertilizer use at adjacent park areas, increased cleanup of animal excrement in the park area, installation of signage to discourage the feeding of birds, and removal of an old abandoned septic tank, Introduction 1-1

7 The source of high bacteria levels remained unknown in spite of these efforts. The beach was reopened on July 1, 1997, but high bacteria counts remained a recurring problem. In 2000, health risk advisory signs were posted at Baby Beach again for an extended period of 54 days. As a result, Baby Beach was placed on the (d) list as impaired by indicator bacteria. In 2004, The San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board (San Diego Regional Board) began development of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) to address high bacteria concentrations at Baby Beach and at other impaired harbor and bay beaches in the San Diego Region. On June 11, 2008, the San Diego Regional Board adopted TMDLs to address elevated bacteria concentrations at Baby Beach in Dana Point Harbor and Shelter Island Shoreline Park in San Diego Bay (Resolution No. R ). The state Office of Administrative Law (OAL) approved the Baby Beach Bacterial Indicator TMDL in September On December 16, 2009, the San Diego Regional Board adopted Order No. R (the Fourth Term Permit for Municipal Stormwater), which incorporated the Waste Load Allocations (WLAs) for the Baby Beach TMDL (see Section 3 of this report) as well as monitoring and other requirements for Baby Beach. Bacteria source investigation and control efforts have continued at Baby Beach since the initial 1996 beach closing. Although a definitive source of high bacteria levels still has not been identified, there has been significant improvement in water quality at Baby Beach through the implementation of multiple Best Management Practices (BMPs). As a testament to this improvement, the number of days per year that Baby Beach waters have been posted for high bacteria concentrations has declined considerably. The Orange County Health Care Agency (HCA) uses Beach Mile Days posted (BMD) as a metric of bacterial water quality to reflect both the extent of beach frontage as well as the time period affected. In 2000, BMD were posted at Baby Beach, out of a maximum BMD possible. By 2009, this had dropped to 0.23 BMD. Since 2009, postings have fluctuated between BMD per year. In 2013, postings totaled 1.9 BMD. Other signs of improvement include delisting of Baby Beach for fecal coliform (one of three tested indicator bacteria) from the (d) List and A and B grades in Heal the Bay s and beach report cards ( In the Heal the Bay Annual Report Card, grades slipped to B s and C s corresponding with an increase in the number of periods that elevated bacteria concentrations persisted at the Beach. This annual progress report provides an analysis of bacterial water quality at Baby Beach during the reporting year relative to the established TMDLs. In addition, details on BMP efforts and special studies on sources of bacteria at Baby Beach are provided. Introduction 1-2

8 2.0 WATERSHED SETTING A 43.4 acre watershed drains to Baby Beach as shown in Figure 2.1 below. Baby Beach is surrounded by mixed land uses including commercial food and lodging, open space, and residential. The County s Youth & Group Facility is located to the east and the Ocean Institute to the west of the beach. The areas immediately adjacent to the Beach are parking lots and a grass picnic park. Visitors consist of beach goers, picnic groups, kayakers, stand up paddle boarders, day camp students from the Ocean Institute, sailing students from the Youth & Group Facility, and dog walkers, although dogs are not allowed on the beach. Sea birds are common on the shoreline. Figure 2.1: The Baby Beach Watershed & Associated Land Use Two storm drains discharge directly to Baby Beach at the west and east ends of the Beach. The west end drains runoff from the hillside to the west of the Harbor including surrounding roadways, commercial development, residential areas, and undeveloped open space. The east end drains runoff from a small parking lot near Baby Beach. Another small drain near Baby Beach discharges runoff from the Ocean Institute. Watershed Setting 2-1

9 3.0 WASTE LOAD ALLOCATIONS/SCHEDULE Section I - 1of Order R requires the County of Orange and the City of Dana Point to implement BMPs capable of achieving the interim and final Bacterial Indicator Waste Load Allocations (WLAs) in discharges to Baby Beach as described in Table 3.1 below per the schedule provided in Table 3.2: BACTERIAL INDICATOR Table 3.1: Final Bacterial Indicator Waste Load Allocations WASTE LOAD ALLOCATIONS (WLAs) DRY WEATHER (BILLION MPN*/DAY) WET WEATHER (BILLION MPN*/30 DAYS) WASTE LOAD REDUCTIONS % REDUCTION REQUIRED WET WEATHER % REDUCTION REQUIRED DRY WEATHER Total Coliform , Fecal Coliform Enterococcus *MPN is equivalent to CFU Table 3.2: TMDL Waste Load Reduction Milestones Meet 50% waste load reductions ACTION DATE/MILESTONE ACTUAL DATE 3 years after effective date for dry weather September 15, 2012* 7 years after effective date for wet weather September 15, 2016* Meet 100% waste load 5 years after effective date for dry weather December 31, 2014** reductions 10 years after effective date for wet weather December 31, 2019** *The effective date of the TMDL was September 15, ** The Order specifies that the WLAs are to be met by the end of the year. The waste load allocations are established at levels that will result in full attainment of water quality standards (numeric targets). For this reason, the San Diego Regional Board expects that once the WLA reductions above have been achieved, the following numeric targets will be met (Table 3.3). Table 3.3: Final Bacterial Indicator Numeric Targets BACTERIAL INDICATOR 30-DAY GEOMEAN (MPN/100ML) DRY WEATHER ONLY SINGLE SAMPLE MAX (MPN/100ML) DRY & WET WEATHER Total Coliform 1,000 10,000 Fecal Coliform Enterococcus *MPN is equivalent to CFU Waste Load Allocations/Schedule 3-1

10 In the event that water quality objectives are not met at the end of the compliance period, the San Diego Regional Board will require the dischargers to conduct an investigation to identify the specific source(s) responsible for the failure to meet water quality objectives. If the source is found to be anthropogenic, the San Diego Regional Board will initiate enforcement or other regulatory action as appropriate to correct the problem. If the source is natural, and if all the conditions for using the natural sources exclusion approach (NSEA) have been met, the San Diego Regional Board will consider the application of the NSEA, including recalculation of the TMDLs to account for natural sources. Waste Load Allocations/Schedule 3-2

11 4.0 SUMMARY OF BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (BMPs) 4.1 BMP Implementation Timeline Improving the water quality of Baby Beach has been a high priority for the County of Orange and the City of Dana Point for many years. After years of efforts, recent water quality improvements suggest that the comprehensive approach of special studies, operational changes, and structural improvements has been successful. The myriad of efforts has been implemented in a collaborative manner by various stakeholders, including County departments (OC Public Works, OC Health Care Agency (HCA), OC Parks, OC Dana Point Harbor), the City of Dana Point, and Headlands Reserve LLC. A chronological list of actions and water quality projects, referred to as Best Management Practices (BMPs), implemented at the Beach and throughout the watershed that have resulted in bacteria load reductions and water quality improvements at Baby Beach is provided as Appendix B. 4.2 Conclusions and Future BMP Efforts As described in Section 6, Water Quality Assessment & Conclusions, there has been significant improvement in water quality at Baby Beach. As considerable efforts have already been implemented (see Appendix B), future BMP efforts are expected to primarily include continued implementation of existing measures. The proposed work plan outlining existing and planned future BMPs is provided in Section 7. Summary of BMPs 4-1

12 5.0 TMDL MONITORING PROGRAM The Baby Beach Bacterial Indicator TMDL Monitoring Program (TMDL Monitoring Program) was submitted by the County of Orange and City of Dana Point to the San Diego Regional Board on December 16, The monitoring plan described below includes the incorporation of monitoring data from several agency programs within the Harbor. As part of each year s TMDL Annual Progress Report, TMDL monitoring program is reevaluated to determine if the program is effective in assessing TMDL compliance and ensuring REC-1 (water contact recreation) beneficial uses (at Baby Beach. 5.1 Dana Point Harbor Bacteria Monitoring Programs Samples for fecal indicator bacteria are collected at 11 locations throughout Dana Point Harbor. HCA collects samples at 10 of these locations including 4 locations along Baby Beach (BDP12, BDP13, BDP14, BDP15). The South Orange County Wastewater Authority (SOCWA) collects samples at one location near the harbor entrance (see Figure 5.1). As part of the Baby Beach TMDL monitoring program, OC Public Works collects additional samples at HCA Baby Beach location BDP14 including targeted wet weather sampling to fulfill TMDL requirements. A description of each agency s Harbor monitoring programs is provided below HCA Ocean Water Protection Program HCA s Ocean Water Protection Program is responsible for protecting the public from exposure to ocean and bay waters that may be contaminated with sewage or may cause illness along Orange County s 42 miles of open ocean coastline and 70 miles of harbor and bay frontage. Over the past 40 years, HCA and two local sanitation agencies (Orange County Sanitation District and SOCWA) have been cooperatively testing the coastal waters in Orange County for bacteria. Routine testing at Baby Beach began in In 1997, the State of California passed Assembly Bill 411 (AB411), which established new protective standards for recreational water testing including weekly testing from April through October for all beaches serving over 50,000 visitors per year and beaches adjacent to storm drains that flow into the ocean during the summer months. Monitoring under AB411, like the Baby Beach TMDL, requires testing for total coliform, fecal coliform, and Enterococcus indicator bacteria SOCWA Ocean Outfall Monitoring Program SOCWA operates four wastewater treatment facilities in south Orange County with several other facilities operated by SOCWA member agencies. All of these wastewater treatment facilities discharge their treated effluent to the Pacific Ocean, either through the Aliso Creek Ocean Outfall or the San Juan Creek Ocean Outfall. SOCWA has NPDES permits for both of its ocean outfalls, each setting forth monitoring requirements for the treated effluent discharging from their outfalls and adjacent ocean waters. As part of its Ocean Outfall Monitoring Program, SOCWA conducts bacteria testing at several stations in the surf zone, at the near shore (including location S-4 within Dana Point Harbor), and at offshore locations near its outfalls. Samples are collected twice a week from May 1 October 31 and once a week from November 1 April 30. TMDL Monitoring Program 5-1

13 Figure 5.1: Fecal Indicator Bacteria Sample Collection Sites TMDL Monitoring Program 5-2

14 5.1.3 Baby Beach TMDL Monitoring Program The Baby Beach Bacterial Indicator TMDLs were developed separately for wet weather and dry weather conditions due to the distinct hydrological patterns that occur in southern California. The TMDL monitoring program is designed to track receiving water quality and TMDL compliance under both conditions while integrating with existing monitoring programs for Dana Point Harbor. Existing bacteria monitoring within the Harbor is primarily focused on the summer dry season. Additional TMDL monitoring captures conditions under wet weather and the winter dry period. The models used to develop the Baby Beach Bacterial Indicator TMDLs considered wet weather as storm events of at least 0.20 inches of rain and a period of 72 hours (3 days) following such events. A review of rain data from the County of Orange s Palisades Reservoir rain gauge, located near Dana Point Harbor, found that from November 1996 to June 2010, there were an average of 16 days a year that had at least 0.20 inches of rain. To monitor wet weather conditions at Baby Beach and capture winter dry conditions, two additional monitoring efforts are performed: Winter Dry Weather Monitoring (November 1 st to March 31 st ) Weekly samples are collected at HCA s Baby Beach site BDP14 (BDP12 and BDP15 are also sampled if funding is available). BDP14 is located within the swim area of the Beach and is the best location to assess potential health risks to swimmers and other recreational users. Samples are analyzed for total coliform, fecal coliform, and Enterococcus per TMDL requirements. Targeted Wet Weather Monitoring This monitoring involves the sampling of HCA s BDP14 site up to three times per year following storms that meet the TMDL criterion for wet weather (0.20 inch or greater). To help capture variation throughout the wet season, an effort is made to sample one storm at the start of the wet season (October-November), one in the middle (December- February), and one toward the end (March-April). Sampling is subject to whether enough storms of at least 0.20 inches of rain occur in any given year. Accumulated rainfall data from the nearby Palisades Reservoir rain gauge are used for analysis. A summary of the existing Dana Point Harbor bacteria monitoring sites and frequencies and the Baby Beach TMDL Monitoring Program is provided in Table 5.1 and is also depicted in Figure 5.1. Data for Baby Beach monitoring sites for are provided in Appendix A to this report and an updated water quality assessment of Baby Beach waters is provided in Section 6. No changes to the monitoring program are proposed for TMDL Monitoring Program 5-3

15 Table 5.1: Dana Point Harbor Bacteria Monitoring Sites and Frequencies Existing Monitoring Programs HCA Ocean Water Protection Program SOCWA Ocean Outfall Monitoring Program Baby Beach TMDL Monitoring Program Winter Dry Weather Monitoring Targeted Wet Weather Monitoring Monitoring Sites Frequency Samples/Year BDP12, BDP13, BDP14, BDP15, BDP16, BDP17, BDP08, MDP11, MDP10, BDP07 S-4 BDP14 BDP14 1x/Week April 1 October 31 2x/Week May 1 October 31 1x/Week November 1 April 30 1x/Week November 1 March 31 Up to 3x/Year following storm events >= 0.2 inch of rain 300 (includes 120 at Baby Beach) TMDL Monitoring Program 5-4

16 6.0 WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND CONCLUSIONS 6.1 Introduction The Baby Beach Bacterial Indicator TMDLs are incorporated into the Fourth Term Permit (Resolution No. R ) as Water Quality Based Effluent Limitations (WQBELs). The WQBELs include Waste Load Allocations (WLAs) and receiving water numeric targets for three fecal indicator bacteria: total coliform, fecal coliform, and Enterococcus. Due to the distinct hydrological patterns found in southern California, separate TMDLs were developed for dry weather and wet weather conditions. The following data analysis assesses water quality at Baby Beach relative to the established WQBELs and examines conditions at Baby Beach pre and post TMDL development and during the fourth annual reporting period June 2012 July Assessment Criteria and Baby Beach Monitoring The Baby Beach Bacterial Indicator TMDLs include a series of waste load allocations, reduction milestones, and numeric targets for dry and wet weather (see Section 3, Baby Beach TMDL Waste Load Allocations/Schedule, Tables 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3). Dry weather reductions must be achieved within 5 years of the effective date while wet weather reductions need to be achieved within 10 years. Per the Fourth Term Permit Co-Permittees must meet numeric targets in Baby Beach receiving waters in order to meet the underlying assumptions of the TMDL. Numeric targets used in the TMDL calculations are consistent with the single sample maximum and geomean water quality objectives for REC-1 beneficial uses (see Table 3.3). Dry weather numeric targets include both geomean and single sample maximum objectives. Wet weather numeric targets include only single sample maximum objectives due to the short duration and episodic nature of stormwater runoff. The Clean Water Act Section 303(d) requires states to identify waters that do not meet water quality standards and establish TMDLs for these waters. To develop this list, the State Water Board devised a Water Quality Control Policy (Listing Policy) including listing and delisting factors to consider when evaluating water segments (State Water Resources Control Board 2004). One factor is a binomial distribution test to determine whether the number of measured exceedances per sample size supports listing or delisting. The binomial distribution test for delisting conventional pollutants was used in this report to evaluate conditions at Baby Beach and TMDL compliance. Although the Listing Policy does not distinguish between dry and wet weather, this distinction is made in the TMDL. Therefore, dry and wet weather data were analyzed separately to inform delist and list decisions presented in the following sections, which are intended only to assess TMDL compliance and not to determine listing status. The Baby Beach Bacterial Indicator TMDLs were developed to address the (d) listing of the beach as impaired for indicator bacteria. During the (d) listing cycle, previous indicator bacteria listings were divided into separate listings for three bacterial indicators: total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and Enterococcus. As a result, Baby Beach was listed in the (d) report as impaired by total coliforms and Enterococcus, but was delisted for fecal coliforms due to water quality improvements since In addition, the 2010 total coliform listing was based upon the SHELL beneficial use criterion not REC uses. The only current REC use based 303(d) listing for Baby Beach is for Enterococcus. Water Quality Assessment 6-1

17 From April-October each year, Baby Beach water quality is monitored at four HCA monitoring stations along Baby Beach as part of HCA s Ocean Water Protection Program. For a description of the program, including monitoring frequency and locations at Baby Beach and Dana Point Harbor, see Section 5.1, Existing Monitoring Programs. During TMDL model development, data from November October 2002 from the four HCA Baby Beach sites (BDP12, BDP13, BDP14, and BDP15) were used for model calibration. For the purposes of this assessment, this period represents the pre-tmdl baseline conditions at Baby Beach. For comparison, HCA Baby Beach water quality data and other data collected as part of the Baby Beach TMDL monitoring program from November 2002-June 2013 were compiled and used to assess progress since TMDL development (HCA data are available at TMDL monitoring program data are available in Appendix A). Section III.A.2.f in Attachment E of the Fourth Term Permit requires the Unified Annual Report for the Orange County Stormwater Program to include identification and analysis of any longterm trends in stormwater or receiving water quality. Trend analysis must use nonparametric approaches, such as the Mann-Kendall test, including exogenous variables in a multiple regression model, and/or using a seasonal nonparametric trend model, where applicable. Trend analyses of Baby Beach bacteria data were conducted using the nonparametric seasonal Kendall test (Hirsch et al. 1982, as cited in Gilbert 1987). A discussion of the parameters of this test can be found in attachment C-11-III section 4.9 to the Unified Report. Results from this analysis were used to describe the overall temporal trend in concentrations of bacteria indicators at Baby Beach. Due to the close proximity of Baby Beach monitoring sites, data from all four sites were analyzed together for this assessment. However, geomeans were calculated for individual sites, then plotted or presented together. Geomeans were only calculated if at least five samples were collected within any running 30-day period. Dry and wet weather data were analyzed separately for TMDL compliance assessment but together for overall trend analysis. 6.3 Baby Beach Data Analysis Total Coliform Dry weather total coliform data at Baby Beach monitoring sites are graphed in Figures 6.1 and 6.2 below. Running 30-day geomeans of concentrations are depicted in Figure 6.1 while Figure 6.2 depicts individual sample concentrations. Compared to baseline years, a declining trend in total coliform concentrations is visible in both figures. Water Quality Assessment 6-2

18 Figure 6.1 Figure 6.2 Overall dry weather total coliform exceedances are presented in Table 6.1. Exceedances have declined since the baseline years although even the baseline period had few exceedances and met the binomial test requirement for removal from the 303(d) list. No dry weather exceedances of the total coliform geomean or single sample targets occurred in the reporting period. Bacteria TMDL waste load reduction milestones include a 50% reduction in dry weather bacteria loads by September 15, As there were no dry weather total coliform exceedances this reporting period, it is believed that these reductions as well as the final total coliform dry weather WLA reductions are being achieved. Water Quality Assessment 6-3

19 Table 6.1: Baby Beach Dry Weather Total Coliform Exceedances # of Samples/ Geomeans Baseline Years Single Sample Maximum Progress Period Reporting Period Baseline Years Day Geomean Progress Period Reporting Period Exceedances Exceedance Rate Binomial Test Results < 1% < 1% 0% 1% < 1% 0% Delist Delist Delist Delist Delist Delist Wet weather total coliform concentrations at Baby Beach monitoring sites are depicted in Figure 6.3. As with dry weather samples a declining trend in concentrations is visible on the graph. No wet weather total coliform exceedances have occurred since April Figure 6.3 Orange County had below average rainfall in , with 7.4 inches of rain recorded at Palisades Reservoir, compared to 24.3 inches in and 8.5 inches in , and a 47 year annual average of 13 inches. Samples were collected at BDP14 following four TMDL criteria storm events in (0.63 inch storm Oct. 12, 2012, 0.89 inch storm Dec , 2012, 0.65 inch storm Jan , 2013, 0.32 inch storm Feb. 20, 2013). No total coliform wet weather exceedances occurred. In addition, no total coliform exceedances occurred on the additional thirteen regular weekly sampled days within the reporting period that also met the TMDL wet weather criteria. As with dry weather, the wet weather total coliform exceedance rate during the progress period (Table 6.2) continues to meet binomial test requirements for removal from the 303(d) list for REC-1 beneficial uses. Water Quality Assessment 6-4

20 Table 6.2: Baby Beach Wet Weather Total Coliform Exceedances Baseline Years Single Sample Maximum Progress Period Reporting Period # of Samples Exceedances Exceedance Rate 4% 1% 0% Binomial Test Results Delist Delist Insufficient Sample Size ( 26 Samples Needed for Binomial Test) Box plots were constructed to display the distribution of bacterial data. Each box displays the median and first and third quartiles, whiskers represent the 10 th and 90 th percentiles, and dots represent outliers. Box plots of Baby Beach total coliform concentrations for both dry and wet weather during the baseline years, progress period, and are shown in Figure 6.4. Total coliform concentrations appear lower this reporting period than the baseline and overall progress periods. Figure 6.4 A trend analysis was conducted for Baby Beach total coliform data using the nonparametric seasonal Kendall test. Based upon data collected through June 2013, total coliform concentrations at Baby Beach have declined by about 4.6% per year since monitoring began in 1996 (p<0.001). As >15% of the collected total coliform data was either below the detection limit or too numerous to count, confidence in the true magnitude of decline must be considered poor but the direction of the rate of decline is statistically significant. Water Quality Assessment 6-5

21 6.4 Baby Beach Data Analysis Fecal Coliform Dry weather fecal coliform concentrations at Baby Beach monitoring sites are graphed in Figures 6.5 and 6.6 below. After a declining trend from , fecal coliform concentrations appear to have increased the last two years. However, dry weather fecal coliform exceedance rates during the progress period and reporting period continued to be very low and meet binomial test requirements for removal from the 303(d) list (Table 6.3). Figure 6.5 Figure 6.6 Twelve exceedances of the dry weather fecal coliform single sample maximum numeric target occurred during the reporting period up from four exceedances in Since exceedances included those for all four Baby Beach monitoring sites, the number of exceedance days was only eight as some of the exceedances occurred on the same day at different sites. There were Water Quality Assessment 6-6

22 no exceedances of the fecal coliform geomean target during the reporting period. Bacteria TMDL waste load reduction milestones include a 50% reduction in dry weather bacteria loads. As current dry weather exceedance rates for fecal coliform continue to be 50% below baseline years and meet binomial test requirements for delisting, these reductions are being achieved. Table 6.3: Baby Beach Dry Weather Fecal Coliform Exceedances # of Samples/ Geomeans Baseline Years Single Sample Maximum Progress Period Reporting Period Baseline Years Geomean Progress Period Reporting Period Exceedances Exceedance Rate 22% 6% 7% 26% 2% 0% Binomial Test Results List Delist Delist List Delist Delist No wet weather fecal coliform single sample exceedances occurred during the reporting period (Figure 6.7, Table 6.4). As no wet weather fecal coliform load reductions are specified in the bacteria TMDL and the current exceedance rate continues to meet requirements for delisting, wet weather TMDL milestones for fecal coliform are being met. Figure 6.7 Water Quality Assessment 6-7

23 Table 6.4: Baby Beach Wet Weather Fecal Coliform Exceedances Baseline Years Single Sample Maximum Progress Period Reporting Period # of Samples Exceedances Exceedance Rate 32% 14% 0% Binomial Test Results List Delist Insufficient Sample Size ( 26 Samples Needed for Binomial Test) Baby Beach fecal coliform concentration data for both dry and wet weather are presented as box plots in Figure 6.8 below. A decreasing trend in concentrations is visible in the plots when compared to the baseline years. Despite an increase in fecal coliform exceedances in , the median concentration for the reporting period remained at the 10 CFU/100 ml detection limit. Figure 6.8 A trend analysis of the Baby Beach fecal coliform data using the nonparametric seasonal Kendall test shows a statistically significant decline in fecal coliform concentrations (p<0.001) since the baseline years. The median rate of decline was calculated to be 7.4%per year. As >15% of the collected fecal coliform data was either below the detection limit or, less commonly, too numerous to count, confidence in the true magnitude of decline must be considered poor but the direction of the rate of decline is statistically significant. Water Quality Assessment 6-8

24 6.5 Baby Beach Data Analysis Enterococcus Testing for Enterococcus bacteria at Baby Beach sites first began in 1999 in response to new standards adopted under AB411. Baby Beach dry weather Enterococcus data are plotted in Figures 6.9 and As can be seen in the plots, both dry weather geometric mean and single sample Enterococcus concentrations have declined since the baseline period. Figure 6.9 Figure 6.10 In the reporting period, Enterococcus exceedance rates declined from 12% in to 10% for the single sample numeric target and from 24% to 16% for the geomean numeric target. As a result, exceedance rates for the reporting period met binomial test delisting standards for both the single sample maximum and geomean numeric targets for the first time (Table 6.5). Water Quality Assessment 6-9

25 # of Samples/ Calculated Geomeans Table 6.5: Baby Beach Dry Weather Enterococcus Exceedances Baseline Years Single Sample Maximum Progress Period Reporting Period Baseline Years Geomean Progress Period Reporting Period Exceedances Exceedance Rate Binomial Test Results 26% 14% 10% 50% 25% 16% List Delist Delist List List Delist As current dry weather Enterococcus exceedance rates for the reporting period are 50% below baseline years and meet binomial test requirements for delisting, the bacteria TMDL milestone of a 50% reduction in dry weather Enterococcus bacteria loads is being met. Exceedances of wet weather Enterococcus numeric targets remain elevated, but are now 20% lower in the progress period than in the baseline period (Figure 6.11, Table 6.6). 3 of the 17 wet weather samples collected at Baby Beach exceeded the Enterococcus numeric target during the reporting period. This is down from 6 exceedances for 15 wet weather samples in and 4 exceedances for 18 samples in Even with observed reductions, the current exceedance rate for the entire progress period supports continued listing of Baby Beach for Enterococcus during wet weather conditions. The wet weather exceedance rate for the reporting period was however 50% below baseline years suggesting that the bacteria TMDL milestone of a 50% reduction in wet weather Enterococcus bacteria loads is being met. Figure 6.11 Water Quality Assessment 6-10

26 Table 6.6: Baby Beach Wet Weather Enterococcus Exceedances Baseline Years Single Sample Maximum Progress Period Reporting Period # of Samples Exceedances Exceedance Rate 56% 36% 18% Binomial Test Results List List Insufficient Sample Size ( 26 Samples Needed for Binomial Test) Box plots of Baby Beach Enterococcus data are presented in Figure 6.12 below. The plots show that the observed exceedances (Table 6.5 and 6.6) primarily represent outliers in the data set as the 75 th percentile for the baseline period and the 90 th percentile for the progress period and are below the TMDL numeric target. Seasonal Kendall test results for Baby Beach Enterococcus data since 1999 showed a statistically significant annual decline of 3.9% (p<0.001). Figure Baby Beach Microbial Source Tracking Special Study Despite overall declines in bacteria concentrations at Baby Beach, there has been a notable increase in exceedances of the dry weather fecal coliform and Enterococcus single sample numeric targets over the past two years. From there were 8 exceedances of the single sample criteria compared with 52 exceedances from In the hopes of identifying the source of these periodic bacteria exceedances at Baby Beach, additional testing was conducted as part of a microbial source tracking special study. Beginning in February 2012, a subset of the Baby Beach samples where beach concentrations exceeded numeric targets was tested for Water Quality Assessment 6-11

27 genetic markers indicating either human or canine bacterial sources. In , 5 out of 8 samples (63%) were positive for canine marker whereas only in 1 of 11 tested samples (9%) was positive for human marker (Table 6.7). As a result of these findings, additional efforts are being made at Baby Beach to ensure enforcement of a policy banning dogs from the beach. Special study efforts will continue as part of the TMDL work plan. Table 6.7: Baby Beach Microbial Source Tracking Data Results Baby Beach Monitoring Site Date Human Marker 1 Canine Marker 2 BDP14 2/21/12 Not Detected NT BDP12 8/2/12 Not Detected Detected BDP15 9/13/12 Not Detected NT BDP12 10/4/12 Not Detected Not Detected BDP14 10/4/12 Not Detected Not Detected BDP15 10/4/12 Not Detected Not Detected BDP12 10/18/12 Not Detected Detected BDP14 10/18/12 Not Detected Detected BDP15 10/18/12 Not Detected Detected BDP15 11/15/12 Not Detected NT BDP14 1/2/13 Detected Detected NT = Not Tested 1Analytical method qpcr HF183, Haugland et al Analytical method qpcr BacCan, Kildare et al Conclusions Overall Baby Beach bacteriological data continues to show improvement in water quality since the baseline years used in TMDL development (November 1996-October 2002). September 15, 2012 marked the first milestone for Baby Beach bacteria TMDL compliance as 50% dry weather TMDL reductions was required. Future milestones include 100% of dry weather TMDL reductions by December 31, 2014 and 50% wet weather TMDL reductions by September 15, Based upon observed exceedance rates of TMDL numeric targets during the progress period (November 2002-June 2013) and reporting period (July 2012 June 2013), 303(d) binomial distribution test results, and nonparametric seasonal Kendall test analysis, the following findings can be made regarding water quality at Baby Beach and progress toward bacteria TMDL compliance: Dry Weather Conditions Total coliform dry weather concentrations in Baby Beach receiving waters meet TMDL compliance objectives. Exceedance rates for the progress and reporting periods support continued delisting for total coliform based upon REC-1 beneficial use objectives. No dry weather exceedances of the total coliform numeric targets occurred during the reporting period. Based upon current water quality data, compliance with total coliform TMDL has been achieved. Water Quality Assessment 6-12

28 Despite recent increases in the number of dry weather single sample maximum numeric target exceedances, current dry weather exceedance rates for fecal coliform continue to be 50% below baseline years and meet binomial test requirements for delisting. As the current bacteria TMDL waste load reduction milestones include a 50% reduction in dry weather bacteria loads, fecal coliform concentrations in Baby Beach receiving waters meet TMDL compliance objectives. Enterococcus exceedance rates declined this reporting period. As a result exceedance rates met binomial test delisting standards for both the single sample maximum and geomean numeric target for the first time. As current dry weather Enterococcus exceedance rates for the reporting period are 50% below baseline years it is believed that the bacteria TMDL milestone of a 50% reduction in dry weather Enterococcus loads is being achieved. Wet Weather Conditions Total coliform wet weather concentrations in Baby Beach receiving waters meet TMDL compliance objectives. No exceedances of total coliform wet weather numeric targets occurred during the reporting period and exceedance rates for the progress period confirm water quality objective compliance and support continued delisting based upon REC-1 beneficial use criteria. Fecal coliform wet weather target exceedances have declined from 32% in the baseline years to 14% in the progress years. No fecal coliform wet weather target exceedances occurred during the reporting period and exceedance rates for the progress period continue to support delisting. Enterococcus wet weather target exceedances have declined from 56% in the baseline years to 36% in the progress years. Three exceedances of Enterococcus numeric targets occurred during the reporting period or 18% of collected wet weather samples. Although data indicates a continued decline in concentrations and numeric target exceedances, the current exceedance rate for the progress period continues to support listing of Baby Beach for Enterococcus during wet weather conditions. Nonparametric seasonal Kendall test results for Baby Beach bacteria data continue to show a statistically significant decline in concentrations of total coliform, fecal coliform, and Enterococcus in Baby Beach waters since monitoring began. Microbial source tracking efforts indicate that a significant portion of the remaining bacterial exceedances may be of canine origin. Continued implementation of the Baby Beach TMDL Monitoring Plan (see Section 5) and Baby Beach Microbial Source Tracking Special Study (see Section 7) will provide additional data to confirm observed data trends and present more focused information on bacteria sources. Planned future efforts to address remaining bacteria exceedances are described below in the TMDL work plan. Water Quality Assessment 6-13

29 7.0 TMDL WORK PLAN Introduction Based on the water quality improvements that are described in Section 6, significant progress has been made towards achieving TMDL waste load allocations. Therefore, the focus of the work plan is continued implementation of existing BMPs efforts. Ongoing special studies and investigations and planned future BMPs and potential projects are also discussed below. 7.2 Ongoing BMP Implementation Table 7.1 at the end of this section provides a summary of the ongoing BMPs and a general schedule of implementation, the corresponding lead implementing agency, and notable achievements in the reporting period. 7.3 Current Ongoing Investigations Southern California Coastal Water Research Project (SCCWRP) Source Identification Protocol Project (SIPP) As a follow-up to the SCCWRP epidemiology study described in the BMP chronological summary table in Appendix B (see BMP #48), the State Water Resources Control Board s Clean Beach Task Force commissioned the Source Identification Protocol Project (SIPP) to develop protocols for tracking and identifying bacteria sources at beaches throughout California. SCCWRP is one of four core laboratories implementing the multi-year study, which will produce a standard guidance manual for beach managers. The objectives are to: (1) develop protocols for source identification, (2) identify sources of beach contamination on a site-specific basis, and (3) provide recommendations for management practices that can be implemented by the local community to reduce or eliminate those sources. It is anticipated that the results of this study will further help to manage water quality at Baby Beach. Baby Beach Microbial Source Tracking Special Study Culture based testing methods for fecal indicator bacteria do not identify the bacteria s source. As potential anthropogenic sources of fecal pollution have largely been controlled through existing BMP measures at Baby Beach, it is believed that remaining bacteria numeric target exceedances may be due to natural sources. Findings from initial study efforts (see Section 6) indicate that a portion of the remaining bacterial exceedances may be from a canine origin. As a result additional efforts are being made at Baby Beach to ensure enforcement of the harbor s no dogs on the beach policy. Baby Beach microbial source tracking efforts will be continued in the monitoring period. TMDL Work Plan 7-1

30 7.4 Future BMPs & Potential Projects Potential Investigation (pending grant funding) Clean Beaches Initiative Funding Pursued for Human Health Risk from Gull Population and Tracking Study The County, with support of City of Dana Point and the City of San Clemente, submitted an application for grant funding under the Clean Beaches Initiative (CBI) to conduct a Gull Population & Tracking Study, focused on Poche and Doheny State Beach in September If funded, this study would help inform beach managers of the contribution and health risk of indicator bacteria from birds that congregate in these areas and associated impacts on beach water quality. Birds are believed to contribute to the bacteria loads at Baby Beach as well. Unfortunately, this study was not recommended for funding by the CBI grant task force. Future implementation of the study may be pursued if grant funding becomes available. Clean Beaches Initiative Funding Pursued for Comprehensive Study of Fecal Indicator Bacteria Sources and Effectiveness of BMPs at Poche Beach, Orange County In August 2013, the County, with support of the City of San Clemente, submitted an application for grant funding under the CBI to conduct a study of fecal indicator bacteria sources at Poche Beach and evaluate the effectiveness of new beach sweeping/treatment technologies. As beach sweeping of bird waste at Baby Beach has resulted in significant beach water quality improvements, the proposed study would help evaluate whether alternative sweeping technologies could be employed to replace current manual shovel and bucket methods. This study was also not recommended for funding by the CBI grant task force. As such, future implementation of the study may be pursued if funding becoming available. 2. Structural BMPs Dana Point Harbor Revitalization Project Structural BMPs Several structural improvements and BMPs are planned with the County s ongoing Dana Point Harbor Revitalization Project. These BMPs will be reported as they are implemented in future Annual Progress Reports. A summary of planned BMPs is provided below: New sewer infrastructure - New sewer lines located more appropriately - Upgraded sewer lift station Stormwater diversions Stormwater filter systems Grease separators for restaurants Pervious paving (parking and boat storage areas) Vegetated swales (parking areas) TMDL Work Plan 7-2

31 Native/drought tolerant plants New irrigation technologies (smart controllers, rotary spray heads, bubblers & drip) A full description of the Dana Point Harbor Revitalization Project can be found on the County s OC Dana Point Harbor website ( 7.5 BMP Assessment The implemented BMPs will be assessed annually in the Annual Progress Report submittal (see Section 4). BMPs that are found to be ineffective will be modified, replaced by other effective BMPs, or discontinued, as determined by the assessment. Results of the annual water quality assessment will be used to determine if additional BMPs are needed to comply with waste load allocations. If additional BMPs are needed, they will be scheduled for implementation based on priority in the annual work plan. TMDL Work Plan 7-3

32 Table 7.1: Ongoing BMP Implementation, Schedule & Lead Agency BMP Schedule of Implementation* Lead Implementing Agency Ordinances Ongoing enforcement City of Dana Point, South Coast Water District, County of Orange Dana Point Street Sweeping Once per week City of Dana Point, County of Orange Outreach City Community Guide- 4 times/year Special Mailings: varies City website: ongoing Outreach events: 2-3/year in Baby Beach watershed Notable Achievements for Dana Point Vessel Ordinance (see Appendix B) City of Dana Point Ocean Awareness Day, March attendees Coastal Clean Up Day Events at Baby Beach, Sept 2013: Ocean Institute/Baby Beach: 85 volunteers, 190 pounds of trash & recyclables collected. Dana Point Harbor underwater cleanup had 80 volunteer divers, 2750 pounds of trash collected Dana Point Harbor Cigarette Butt Roundup: 35 volunteers, 65 pounds of trash collected. Inlet Filters Ongoing, clean 3-5 times/year Ocean Institute Swale & Trash Separation Unit Ocean Water Quality Subcommittee Meetings Ongoing maintenance, as needed Monthly City of Dana Point City Inlet Filters OC Dana Point Harbor Harbor Inlet Filters Ocean Institute Host: City of Dana Point Harbor representatives regularly attend meetings. TMDL Work Plan 7-4

33 BMP Schedule of Implementation* Lead Implementing Agency Notable Achievements for Pier Bird Screening Headlands Urban Runoff Diversion/Media Filter Dana Point Food Facility Roof Top Inspections Clean Marina Certification: Dana Point Yacht Club (April 27, 2011) Dana Inn Marina (Nov. 18, 2010) Dana Point Marina (April 27, 2011) Dana West Marina (April 27, 2011) American Boat Builders & Repairers Association (ABBRA) Clean Maritime Certification: Dana Point Ship Yard Regular inspections and repair/replacement as needed Monthly reporting for diversion. Minimum of annual inspection for media filters, clean and change media, as necessary. Annually Formal inspection every 5 years, maintain certification Verification Inspection, meeting numerous environmental requirements, various high-compliance standards, implementation of best management practices County of Orange, OC Dana Point Harbor Headlands LLC City of Dana Point OC Dana Point Harbor Dana Point Yacht Club Dana Inn Marina Dana Point Marina Dana West Marina OC Dana Point Harbor Dana Point Ship Yard Dana Point Shipyard is the first facility in Southern California to receive this certification. Maintenance of Do Not Feed the Bird Annual Inspection and County of Orange Signs maintain as necessary Beach Sweeping Daily County of Orange Smoker s Outposts Bi-annual inspection. Repair/replace as needed Earth Ocean Society/ OC Dana Point Harbor TMDL Work Plan 7-5

34 BMP Schedule of Implementation* Lead Implementing Agency Harboring Good Life Column bimonthly City of Dana Point in coordination with South Coast Water District Covered Trash Can Maintenance Daily inspection and OC Dana Point Harbor maintenance. Harboring the Good Life Calendar Tips Once per year City of Dana Point Harbor Flo-Guard Inlet Filters Monthly inspections, maintenance/cleaning, as needed. OC Dana Point Harbor Maintenance & Refill of Pet Waste Bags/Dispensers Maintenance & use of Self-reclaiming sidewalk cleaning machine Trash Skimmers Weekly inspections, refill pet waste bag dispensers as needed. Increase efforts to enforce no dogs in beach rule as needed. Use as needed. Maintenance as needed Daily cleaning, replacement of bilge pads. OC Dana Point Harbor OC Dana Point Harbor OC Dana Point Harbor Notable Achievements for Installed six additional trash skimmers for a total of eight (8) in the Harbor *This schedule is provided to give a general sense of frequency and is subject to change based on effectiveness assessments, staffing, weather conditions, etc. TMDL Work Plan 7-6

35 8.0 REFERENCES AND NOTED STUDIES Allen, Shannon M. and Scheidt, Vincent N. Baby Beach Avian Use: Results of A Focused Bird Survey. January 2005 Colford, John M. Jr., et al. Using rapid indicators for Enterococcus to assess the risk of illness after exposure to urban runoff contaminated marine water. January Available online at (for purchase) County of Orange Public Facilities and Resources Department. State of the Beach Report, Baby Beach Region, Dana Point Harbor, California. Prepared with the assistance of Science Applications International Corporation. June County of Orange Public Facilities and Resources Department and Science Applications International Corporation. Baby Beach Circulation Study Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP). September County of Orange Resources & Development Management Department Watershed and Coastal Resources Division. Ocean Institute Stormwater BMP Performance Evaluation, Clean Beach Initiative Grant No. CBI-19. March 28, County of Orange Resources & Development Management Department Watershed and Coastal Resources Division. Ocean Institute Stormwater BMP Performance Evaluation Monitoring and Quality Assurance Project Plan, January 14, g_plan.pdf Everest International Consultants, Inc. Circulation Improvement Pilot Project At Baby Beach, Dana Point Final Report. January 2006 Gilbert, Richard O. Statistical Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Haugland, R.A., Varma, M., Sivaganesan M., Kelty, C., Peed, L., Shanks, O.C Evaluation of genetic markers from the 16S rrna gene V2 region for use in quantitative detection of selected Bacteroidales species and human fecal waste by qpcr. Systematic and Applied Microbiology 33: Hirsch, R. M., J. R. Slack, and R. A. Smith, Techniques of trend analysis for monthly waterquality data, Water Resources Research, 18, , Kildare, B., Leutenegger, C.M., McSwain, B.S., Banbic, D.G., Rajal, V.B., Wuertz, S S rrna-based assays for quantitative detection of universal, human-, cow-, and dogspecific fecal Bacteroidales: A Bayesian approach. Water Research 41: References 8-1

36 Orange County Public Health Laboratory, Science Applications International Corporation, County of Orange Public Facilities & Resources Department (PFRD) Watershed and Coastal Resources Division. Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) Baby Beach Clean Beaches Initiative, Dana Point, California. December 2002 Orange County Watershed and Coastal Resources Division & Development Management Department. Final Report for Baby Beach in Dana Point Harbor, Orange County CBI Grant Nos.19 and 260, Agreement No March 30, 2006 Science Applications International Corporation, Environmental Sciences Division. Circulation Study Report Baby Beach Region, Dana Point Harbor, California. March Science Applications International Corporation, Environmental Sciences Division. Data Mining Task for State of the Beach Report: Evaluation of Bacteriological Data and Associated Parameters for Baby Beach, Dana Point Harbor, CA. January State Water Resources Control Board. Water Quality Control Policy for Developing California s Clean Water Act Section 303(d) List. September 2004 US Army Engineer Research & Development Center and Noble Consultants. Comprehensive Condition Survey and Storm Waves, Circulation, and Sedimentation Study, Dana Point Harbor, California Final Report. July 2011 References 8-2

37 APPENDIX A Baby Beach Bacteria Test Results Total Coliform (TC), Fecal Coliform (FC), and Enterococcus (ENT) in count/100 ml Sample dates that met TMDL Wet Weather Criteria Highlighted BDP12 BDP13 BDP14 BDP15 Location Date & Time TC FC ENT Location Date & Time TC FC ENT Location Date & Time TC FC ENT Location Date & Time TC FC ENT BDP12 7/2/ BDP13 7/1/ BDP14 7/2/2012 > 60 < BDP15 7/2/2012 > 370 < BDP12 7/17/2012 > BDP13 7/2/ < 10 8 BDP14 7/17/2012 > BDP15 7/17/2012 > BDP12 7/18/2012 > BDP13 7/12/ BDP14 7/26/2012 < 10 < BDP15 7/18/ < 10 8 BDP12 7/26/ BDP13 7/17/2012 >= BDP14 8/2/ BDP15 7/26/ BDP12 8/2/2012 > BDP13 7/18/2012 >= 30 < BDP14 8/9/ < 10 4 BDP15 8/2/2012 > BDP12 8/9/ BDP13 7/20/ BDP14 8/13/2012 > BDP15 8/9/ BDP12 8/13/2012 > BDP13 7/26/ < 10 4 BDP14 8/23/2012 > BDP15 8/13/2012 > BDP12 8/23/2012 > BDP13 8/2/ < 10 8 BDP14 8/30/ BDP15 8/23/2012 > BDP12 8/30/ BDP13 8/9/2012 >= BDP14 9/6/2012 > BDP15 8/30/ BDP12 9/6/2012 > BDP13 8/13/2012 >= BDP14 9/13/ BDP15 9/6/2012 > BDP12 9/13/2012 > 80 < BDP13 8/15/ BDP14 9/20/ BDP15 9/13/ BDP12 9/20/ BDP13 8/23/2012 >= BDP14 9/27/ < BDP15 9/20/ BDP12 9/27/ BDP13 8/30/ BDP14 10/4/ BDP15 9/27/ BDP12 10/4/2012 > BDP13 9/4/ BDP14 10/9/ BDP15 10/4/2012 > 120 < BDP12 10/9/2012 > 20 < BDP13 9/13/ < 10 8 BDP14 10/10/2012 < 10 < 10 < 2 BDP15 10/9/2012 > 20 < 10 < 2 BDP12 10/10/2012 < 10 < 10 < 2 BDP13 9/20/ BDP14 10/13/ BDP15 10/10/2012 < 10 < 10 < 2 BDP12 10/18/2012 > BDP13 9/27/ BDP14 10/14/2012 > BDP15 10/18/2012 > BDP12 10/25/2012 > 110 < 10 6 BDP13 10/4/ BDP14 10/15/2012 > BDP15 10/25/ < 2 BDP12 11/6/2012 > 10 < 10 2 BDP13 10/5/ BDP14 10/18/2012 > BDP15 11/6/2012 > BDP12 11/15/ BDP13 10/9/ < 10 2 BDP14 10/25/2012 < 10 < 10 < 2 BDP15 11/15/ BDP12 11/27/ BDP13 10/10/ < 10 2 BDP14 11/6/ BDP15 11/27/ BDP12 12/11/ BDP13 10/18/2012 >= BDP14 11/15/ BDP15 12/11/ BDP12 1/2/2013 < 10 < BDP13 10/19/ BDP14 11/27/ BDP15 1/2/ < BDP12 1/8/2013 < 10 < 10 4 BDP13 10/25/ BDP14 12/11/ < BDP15 1/8/ < BDP12 1/15/ < 9 < 9 BDP13 4/4/ < 10 8 BDP14 12/14/ BDP15 1/15/ BDP12 1/23/ BDP13 4/11/ < 10 < 2 BDP14 12/15/ BDP15 1/23/2013 < 10 < BDP12 1/29/ BDP13 4/18/2013 < 10 < 10 < 2 BDP14 12/16/ BDP15 1/29/2013 < 10 < 10 < 2 BDP12 2/5/ < 10 4 BDP13 4/23/2013 >= 20 < 10 8 BDP14 1/2/ BDP15 2/5/2013 < BDP12 2/13/2013 < 10 < 10 2 BDP13 5/2/2013 < 10 < 10 2 BDP14 1/8/2013 < BDP15 2/13/2013 < 10 < 10 2 BDP12 2/27/ < 10 8 BDP13 5/7/2013 >= BDP14 1/15/ BDP15 2/27/2013 < 10 < 10 6 BDP12 3/5/ < 9 30 BDP13 5/16/ BDP14 1/23/ < BDP15 3/5/2013 < 9 < 9 < 9 BDP12 3/19/ < 9 < 9 BDP13 5/23/2013 >= BDP14 1/26/ BDP15 3/19/2013 < 9 < 9 < 9 BDP12 3/26/ < 9 9 BDP13 5/28/ BDP14 1/27/2013 > BDP15 3/26/ < 9 < 9 BDP12 4/4/ BDP13 6/5/2013 < 10 < 10 4 BDP14 1/28/ BDP15 4/4/ BDP12 4/11/2013 > 80 < 10 8 BDP13 6/13/2013 >= BDP14 1/29/ < BDP15 4/11/ < 10 < 2 BDP12 4/18/2013 < 10 < 10 2 BDP13 6/18/ < 10 8 BDP14 2/5/ BDP15 4/18/ < 10 < 2 BDP12 4/23/2013 > 10 < 10 6 BDP13 6/27/2013 >= BDP14 2/13/2013 < 10 < 10 2 BDP15 4/23/2013 > 30 < 10 2 BDP12 5/2/ < 10 4 BDP14 2/21/2013 < 9 < 9 < 9 BDP15 5/2/ < 10 2 BDP12 5/7/2013 > BDP14 2/22/2013 < 9 < 9 < 9 BDP15 5/7/2013 > BDP12 5/16/ < BDP14 2/23/2013 < 9 < 9 < 9 BDP15 5/16/2013 > 20 < 10 4 BDP12 5/28/2013 > 80 < 10 2 BDP14 2/27/2013 < 10 < 10 4 BDP15 5/28/2013 < 10 < 10 < 2 BDP12 6/5/2013 < 10 < 10 6 BDP14 3/5/ < 9 < 9 BDP15 6/5/ < 10 8 BDP12 6/13/2013 > BDP14 3/19/ < 9 < 9 BDP15 6/13/2013 < 10 < 10 4 BDP12 6/18/2013 > BDP14 3/26/ < 9 60 BDP15 6/18/2013 > < 2 BDP12 6/27/2013 > BDP14 4/4/ < 10 6 BDP15 6/27/ BDP14 4/11/2013 < 10 < 10 2 BDP14 4/18/2013 < 10 < 10 < 2 BDP14 4/23/2013 > 40 < 10 6 BDP14 5/2/ < 10 4 BDP14 5/7/2013 > BDP14 5/16/2013 > BDP14 5/28/ BDP14 6/5/2013 < 10 < 10 6 BDP14 6/13/2013 > 930 > BDP14 6/18/ BDP14 6/27/2013 > Annual Progress Report Appendix A Baby Beach Bacteria Test Results A-1 November 15, 2013

38 APPENDIX B: Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline # BMP/Project Name BMP Type Description/Summary Start Date / Status Lead Agency Assessment O&M Photo 1 Dana Point Municipal Code (DPMC) Chapter 15.10, Stormwater and Urban Runoff Pollution Controls Ordinance Non-structural BMP The Dana Point City Council adopted DPMC Chapter 15.10, Stormwater and Urban Runoff Pollution Controls Ordinance which set the foundation to implement the city s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Stormwater Permit, including addressing illicit discharges Dana Point N/A ongoing enforcement, ongoing updates to comply with updated regulations 2 Dana Point Municipal Code (DPMC) Section Excreta Nuisance Prohibited Non-structural BMP The Dana Point City Council adopted DPMC Section , Excreta Nuisance Prohibited, which prohibits leaving pet excreta in any public park, beach, sidewalk, public property and private property, other than that of the animal owner. This BMP reduces bacteria sources by effectively prohibiting pet waste left in areas where it can be washed into receiving waters. Jan-96 Dana Point N/A ongoing enforcement 3 Baby Beach 11-Month Source Investigation Investigation and Structural and Non- Structural BMP's In August of 1996 high bacteria concentrations in Baby Beach waters prompted health officials to close the water to swimmers begin an eleven month investigation. The investigation and associated mitigation measures included the following: Extensive microbial monitoring of ocean water, groundwater monitoring wells, groundwater seeps, storm drains and bird fecal material at and near Baby Beach. Dye testing of all the restroom facilities in the west end of the Harbor including moored vessels, and video investigations of all sewer lines and storm drains in the vicinity of Baby Beach. Extensive microbial monitoring at surface, mid-depth and bottom elevations in the water colum throughout the Harbor. Blockage of storm drain outlets for extended periods (See BMP 5) Current studies of Harbor waters and watershed sanitary surveys in the Baby Beach area. Increased cleanup of animal excrement in the area of implemented bird control measures (discouraged feeding and reduced roosting and nesting locations). Excavation of a 1950's era septic tank system to ensure proper abandonment. Distribution of an information letter from Sheriff's Harbor Patrol to boaters that OC Dana Point Harbor is a "No Discharge Harbor" and included a map of courtesy holding tank pump-out stations. Aug July 1997 Orange County N/A N/A 4 County of Orange Water Quality Ordinance 3988 Non-structural BMP The County of Orange adopted Ordinance 3988, the Water Quality Ordinance which set the foundation to implement the NPDES Stormwater permit, including addressing illicit discharges Orange County N/A ongoing enforcement Annual Progress Report Appendix B - Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline B-1 November 15, 2013

39 # BMP/Project Name BMP Type Description/Summary Start Date / Status Lead Agency Assessment O&M Photo 5 Baby Beach Storm Drain Plugs Structural BMP Two small storm drains discharge directly to Baby Beach, one at the west end of the beach and one at the east end. To eliminate dry weather runoff storm drain plugs were installed in the two drains during the dry season. Rubber J pipe plugs were first tried from 1997 to In 2000 inflatable pillow plugs were tried to ease deployment. The plugs appeared to be effective in improving the water quality at Baby Beach and prevented the majority of dry weather flow from entering the beach Orange County It was also discovered that little if any dry weather flow originated from the east drain which collected runoff from a small parking lot and landscape area next to the beach. However, some leaks were experienced in the plug for the west drain N/A - replaced with which resulted in the BMP 19 implementation of the permanent diversion/filtration system at the drain in 2005 (BMP 19). 6 Increased Street Sweeping Frequency & Enforced Parking Restrictions Non-structural BMP The City of Dana Point increased the frequency of street sweeping to once per week which has resulted in increased removal of street debris, sediments and associated pollutants, including bacteria. The Baby Beach subwatershed area is subject to enforced parking restrictions which prohibits cars from being parked on streets during the routine street sweeping days Present Dana Point The City has found that in specific areas without parking restrictions, more cars park on the street, preventing effective removal of debris from street because the street sweeper has to move around the parked vehicles. ongoing 7 Water Quality Outreach Program Non-structural BMP The City of Dana Point developed a comprehensive water quality outreach program including special mailings, informational articles in the quarterly City recreation guides, information on the City s website and outreach booths at annual events including Dana Point Whale Festival, Ocean Awareness Day and Coastal Clean-Up Day Present Dana Point N/A ongoing 8 Inlet Filter Program Structural BMP The City of Dana Point installed inlet filters in all publicly owned storm drain inlets to capture sediment and debris which can include bacteria, reducing potential bacteria sources to Baby Beach Present Dana Point Amount of debris collected is compiled annually. inlet filters are inspected and cleaned 3-5 times per year & replaced when necessary. 9 Ocean Institute Infiltration Swales & Trash Separation Unit Structural BMP The Ocean Institute, located to the west of Baby Beach, constructed two xeri-scaped infiltration swales and a storm water trash separation unit. The swales receive runoff from the institute parking lot while the trash separation unit collects runoff from the swales, the Institute rooftop, and surrounding areas. A BMP evaluation was completed in 2006 and is described in BMP Present Ocean Institute See BMP 24 as needed Annual Progress Report Appendix B - Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline B-2 November 15, 2013

40 # BMP/Project Name BMP Type Description/Summary Start Date / Status Lead Agency Assessment O&M Photo 10 Data Mining Task for State of the Baby Beach Report: Evaluation of Bacteriological Data and Associated Parameters for Baby Beach, OC Dana Point Harbor Investigation Data collected by the OC Health Care Agency and others from was compiled into a database and analyzed by Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) as part of a series of studies conducted through a State Clean Beaches Initiative grant. The results of the data analysis indicated a strong influence of rainfall on bacteria contamination while tidal data generally showed no obvious relationship to observed patterns. Long term trends in fecal and total coliform bacteria from showed a general decline in concentration and frequency of contamination, while Entercocccus values showed an increase in concentration and frequency. These results likely indicated that storm drain controls, such as the storm drain plugs, had resulted in water quality improvements, while other, non-storm water sources (e.g., birds and other animals) were contributing more to Enterococcus levels. Jan-03 Orange County N/A N/A 11 Updates to DPMC Chapter 15.10, Stormwater and Urban Runoff Pollution Controls Ordinance Non-structural BMP The Dana Point City Council adopted revisions to DPMC Chapter in response to San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board (SDRWQCB) adopted Order Number R adopted on February 13, The revisions were focused on providing adequate legal authority to control polluted discharges and also provide new requirements for development. Jan-03 Dana Point N/A ongoing enforcement 12 Circulation Study Report Baby Beach Region, OC Dana Point Harbor Investigation A two-day circulation study was conducted by the County of Orange and SAIC at Baby Beach in September This study was also conducted as part of the State Clean Beaches Initiative grant. Study findings were that there was limited circulation between the waters near to Baby Beach and the waters further in the harbor channel. Wind patterns appeared to pin water at the beach and create eddy currents near the beach that restricted water flow. As a result water quality problems at Baby Beach may be exacerbated by the restrictive circulation patterns in the vicinity of the beach. Mar-03 Orange County N/A N/A 13 Baby Beach Bacteriological Special Studies Report, OC Dana Point Harbor Investigation Additional special bacteriological studies were conducted in the Baby Beach vicinity during Summer and Fall of 2002 by the County of Orange and SAIC through the same State Clean Beaches Initiative grant. These collective studies helped verify patterns and trends suggested from the data mining and circulation investigations by evaluating the spatial source and magnitude of indicator bacteria, including patterns and trends in source species (e.g., birds, humans, etc.). A description of the bacteriological special studies and findings is provided below. Storm Drain Seepage and Groundwater: Studies at the west end storm drain showed that even with a storm drain plug in, measurable quantities of bacteria were entering the beach waters via leaks between the storm drain wall and the plug. Associated studies confirmed that bacteria were not migrating through groundwater from the storm drains or sewer. Jun-03 Orange County N/A N/A Annual Progress Report Appendix B - Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline B-3 November 15, 2013

41 # BMP/Project Name BMP Type Description/Summary Start Date / Status Lead Agency Assessment O&M Photo Storm Drain Influence and Sediment Contamination: Transect studies extending from the west storm drain found that concentrations of bacteria (particularly Enterococcus ) in sediment and water samples were highest near the drain and decreased with distance from this apparent source area. The relationship of concentrations in water and sediment suggested that the storm drains are sources of bacteria and bacteria laden sediment. Baby Beach Bacteriological Special Studies Report, OC Dana Point Harbor Continued Investigation An additional 10-week study was conducted to evaluate temporal variations of bacteria in water and sediment from the Baby Beach region, including the west and east storm drains. This study also concluded that the drains represented the highest apparent point source of contamination but identified the resuspension of sediment in the Baby Beach vicinity as a potential long term source. A follow up study looking at bacteria concentrations in Baby Beach sediment pre and post harbor dredging was performed in (See BMP 36). Jun-03 Orange County N/A N/A Boat Influence: A study of potential bacterial indicator contamination from recreational boat discharges was conducted during and after the Labor Day weekend in Results indicated no measurable impacts from the boats. Baby Beach Bacteriological Special Studies Report, OC Dana Point Harbor Continued Investigation Other Parameter Influences: Two 12-hour studies (2-hour sampling intervals) evaluated the potential influence of changes in tides, birds, humans, boats, temperature, specific conductivity, dissolved oxygen, ph, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen saturation percentage, turbidity, and solar irradiance on bacterial indicator concentrations. General trends in data suggested: Bacteria concentrations varied widely with time of day. The current sampling time used by the Orange County Health Care Agency (about 9:00 am at this beach) may be the time during which bacteria concentrations are typically higher. There was a slight correlation between bacteria concentrations and bird counts. Enterococcus were detected in bird stool samples from these 12- hour studies. No relationships with bacterial indicators was observed for the other parameters. The number of beach users, swimmers, and turbidity do not appear to correlate with bacteria concentrations in the water. This was determined over a five day period around a Labor Day weekend. Jun-03 Orange County Annual Progress Report Appendix B - Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline B-4 November 15, 2013

42 # BMP/Project Name BMP Type Description/Summary Start Date / Status Lead Agency Assessment O&M Photo Baby Beach Bacteriological Special Studies Report, OC Dana Point Harbor Continued Investigation Microbial Source Tracking (MST) Studies: In the hopes of determining the source of indicator bacteria at Baby Beach three cutting edge microbial source tracking testing methods were tried on Baby Beach samples. Blind spiked sample validation studies tested two Bacteroides methods and one Microbial Community Analysis (CA) method for potential use in determining bacterial sources. The Bacteroides methods reported some false positives and non-detects of known spikes and therefore at the time of the study lacked sufficient specificity or sensitivity to identify the animal or human source of the bacteria. The CA method was able to successfully amplify rrna material of indicator bacteria in the samples but the method was not able to determine what organism the bacteria originated from. MST study findings concluded that for both methods more development and testing was needed. Jun-03 Orange County N/A N/A 14 State of the Beach Report, Baby Beach Region, OC Dana Point Harbor Investigation During 2002, the County of Orange and SAIC studied bacteria sources for Baby Beach as part of several State Clean Beaches Initiative grant studies (See BMPs 12, 13 & 14). A summary of the results of the investigations and potential BMPs solutions was compiled in a 2003 State of the Beach Report. The report identified four possible primary sources of the problem: contaminated discharges of urban runoff from storm drains; bacteria resident in beach sediments; limited near beach water circulation; and bacteria contamination from local birds. BMPs were then evaluated on the basis of effectiveness, implementability, and cost. The BMPs included storm drain diversions, beach sand replacement, artificial aeration and mixing of sediments, artificial circulation, breakwater modification, bird netting, sonic bird repellers, and use of a falconer. Jun-03 Orange County N/A N/A State of the Beach Report, Baby Beach Region, OC Dana Point Harbor Continued Investigation After comprehensive analysis and evaluation, the following BMPs were recommended for implementation: Eliminate dry-season runoff through the implementation of irrigation controllers (See BMP 33, 47); Address limited water circulation through implementation of a mechanical circulator (See BMP 22) Address bird sources of bacteria through enhanced netting, trash control and public education (See BMPs 16, 18, 26, 30, 32, 46). Jun-03 Orange County N/A N/A 15 City Enhanced Stormwater & Pollution Controls Ordinance Non-structural BMP The City of Data Point updated its water quality ordinance, DPMC Section 10 to meet the requirements of the City stormwater permit, including addressing discharge prohibitions, more robust enforcement, development requirements, etc. effectively prohibiting pollutant loads into receiving waters, including Baby Beach. December Presen Dana Point N/A ongoing enforcement Annual Progress Report Appendix B - Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline B-5 November 15, 2013

43 # BMP/Project Name BMP Type Description/Summary Start Date / Status Lead Agency Assessment O&M Photo Baby Beach Avain Use: Results of a Focused Bird Study Dana Point Ocean Water Quality Subcommittee Investigation Non-structural BMP Hundreds of birds from over fifteen species are seen regularly at Baby Beach. Regardless of signs prohibiting the feeding of birds, many visitors continue this practice. Jan-05 Orange County The Dana Point City Council initiated the City of Dana Point Ocean Water Quality Subcommittee which comprises two appointed City Official members, three appointed resident members, City staff, South Coast Water District staff, and Orange County Harbor staff as well as State Representatives with the goal: To review current policies, public outreach and watershed monitoring efforts to determine areas where improvement or additional efforts are needed. To investigate causes of ocean water pollution and to seek solutions that will restore ocean water quality. To foster mutual working relationships with other governmental agencies that contribute to or are impacted by urban and storm water runoff that pollute our ocean waters. Meetings are publicly noticed and provide a regular opportunity for residents to voice their concerns. The meetings bring together stakeholders of Baby Beach to facilitate coordination and problem solving and provide a forum to coordinate integrated programs such as water quality, water conservation, sanitary sewer treatment and operation. Increased signage and enforcement has largely eliminated this practice N/A throughout the harbor (see BMP 26, 32) Mar-05 Dana Point N/A ongoing 18 OC Dana Point Harbor, Baby Beach Under Pier Bird Screening Structural BMP In response to the 2003 State of the Beach Report BMP recommendations (See BMP 14) enhanced netting was added to the OC Dana Point Harbor Pier. The BMP consisted of installing vinyl coated 9 gage steel chain link fencing across the lower face of pier deck joists, using stainless steel staple fasteners. Fencing material was stretched tight, with sufficient overlap and hog ring connectors to eliminate gaps by which birds might circumvent fencing to access the joist spaces. Limiting bird nesting and roosting opportunities under the pier helps to discourage the congregation of pigeons and shorebirds at the beach and bird droppings in and around Baby Beach waters. Sep-05 OC Dana Point Harbor BMP has proven effective in limiting bird nesting and roosting ongoing Annual Progress Report Appendix B - Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline B-6 November 15, 2013

44 # BMP/Project Name BMP Type Description/Summary Start Date / Status Lead Agency Assessment O&M Photo The west end storm drain to Baby Beach had been identified as a continued source of bacteria to beach waters despite the installation of seasonal storm drain plugs. To improve upon previous Baby Beach storm drain BMPs (See BMP 3) and as mitigation for the nearby Headlands Reserve LLC Strands Development a media filtration system and dry weather diversion were constructed near the outlet of the west end drain. The system completed in 2005 was constructed by Headlands Reserve LLC on County property, with funding support by the State Clean Beaches Initiatives program. 19 Baby Beach Headlands Urban Runoff Diversion/Media Filtration Treatment BMP Structural BMP During the dry weather summer season, generally, April through October, runoff is routed through a screening vault for removal of gross solids, then diverted to the sanitary sewer (bypassing filtration), resulting in zero runoff and pollutant loading to Baby Beach. During the wet season the sanitary sewer diversion is closed and runoff is screened and then routed through the media filter vaults for removal of finer solids and associated bacteria, prior to discharge to Baby Beach, thus reducing bacteria loading. An evaluation of the BMPs is provided in BMP 38. Fall 2005 Headlands/Dana Point no dry weather flows runoff to beach operated by City of Dana Point per diversion protocol. 20 Food Facility/Rooftop Water Quality Inspection Program Non-structural BMP The City of Dana Point began conducting annual water quality inspections at all food related facilities in the Baby Beach subwatershed (both City and Harbor businesses). The annual inspections include roof top inspections and monitor the effectiveness of source control BMPs that prevent the discharge of grease, bacteria and other pollutants. October Present Dana Point effective ongoing annual inspections 21 Grease Management Rebate Program Non-structural BMP The City of Dana Point began a Grease Management Rebate Program in cooperation with South Coast Water District provides incentives for businesses to install grease interceptors and other grease management BMPs (roof exhaust fan controls, closed system yellow grease systems and mat wash areas) to control bacteria from these sources. Two grease interceptors have been installed under this program in the Baby Beach watershed. December Present Dana Point & South Coast Water District N/A ongoing, continues to be budgeted through FY Circulation Improvement Pilot Project Investigation In an effort to improve water quality by increasing harbor water circulation around Baby Beach, the County of Orange, the City of Dana Point, Everest International Consultants, and West Technology, Inc. partnered to initiate a three-month circulation improvement pilot project in early As part of the project six Oloids were installed in the near shore area of Baby Beach. Oloids are small geometrically shaped paddles that are purported to move water efficiently with very little power consumption. An assessment monitoring plan was developed and implemented Orange County N/A Project not implemented. Annual Progress Report Appendix B - Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline B-7 November 15, 2013

45 # BMP/Project Name BMP Type Description/Summary Start Date / Status Lead Agency Assessment O&M Photo Circulation Improvement Pilot Project Continued Investigation Major findings from the pilot project were: The Oloids improved water circulation in the alongshore direction from the west end towards the Youth Dock at the east end of the beach, but were not effective in moving water at the east end offshore. Winds may play an important role in water circulation at Baby Beach. Under low wind conditions (less than 6 mph), the Oloids can contribute more to water circulation at Baby Beach than the wind. Water bacteria concentrations at Baby Beach were low throughout the Pilot Project sampling period and while there was a reduction in bacteria levels at some but not all sampling locations when the Oloids were operating, it was not possible to conclude that the reduction was the direct effect of the Oloids, rather than other possible natural fluctuations in bacteria levels. After careful consideration and evaluation, the County decided not to proceed with installing the Oloid Circulation Project. The major factors in this decision included: intensive maintenance costs, restrictions due to the long-term nature of the CBI grant funding source and the relatively inconclusive results of the pilot project Orange County N/A Project not implemented. 23 South Coast Water District Gtrease Control Ordinance, #201 Non-structural BMP The South Coast Water District adopted Grease Control Ordinance #201 on February 21, 2006 which outlines requirements for grease interceptors to prevent sewer spills a potential source of bacteria to Baby Beach. February Present South Coast Water District N/A ongoing enforcement 24 Ocean Institute Stormwater BMP Performance Evaluation Investigation The Ocean Institute, located to the west of Baby Beach, constructed infiltration swales and a trash separation unit at their facility in 2002 (see BMP 9). In 2006 a BMP performance evaluation was conducted. Results were inconclusive due to several evaluation challenges, including tidal influence in the trash separator which limited the ability to collect samples of surface runoff collected in the device. Mar-06 Ocean Institute N/A N/A 25 Clean Mariana Certification Non-structural BMP OC Dana Point Harbor received its Clean Marina Certification in April of 2006 for East & West Marina. The Clean Marina Program is an ongoing endeavor by the marina industry alliance to use education and BMPs to provide environmentally clean facilities and protect coastal waters from pollution. The program includes required BMPs and a robust inspection program. The manual and information about the certification program is available at: OC Dana Point Harbor N/A ongoing Annual Progress Report Appendix B - Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline B-8 November 15, 2013

46 # BMP/Project Name BMP Type Description/Summary Start Date / Status Lead Agency Assessment O&M Photo Do Not Feed the Bird signs were installed in the vicinity of Baby Beach. Enforcement is conducted; however this is a difficult behavior to change. To provide a more effective BMP, more signs were installed in 2008, see BMP 32 below. 26 Do Not Feed the Bird Signs Structural BMP Present OC Dana Point Harbor N/A ongoing 27 Beach Sweeping Non-structural BMP Shorebird droppings are collected along exposed intertidal area. The number of droppings collected generally correlated to the number of birds observed. The number of birds and droppings are higher during winter months. During this period it is estimated that more than 10,000 droppings are collected per sweep Present OC Dana Point Harbor This BMP has shown to be effective, based on water quality ongoing - daily results. 28 Smoker's Outpost Structural BMP Smoker s Outposts (used cigarette butt receptacles) have been placed at strategic places throughout the Harbor so that cigarette butts are not washed or blown into storm drains or Baby Beach, reducing a potential source of bacteria. Approximnately 30 are installed in strategic locations throughout the Harbor Present OC Dana Point Harbor/Dana Point Earth Ocean Society N/A ongoing 29 Harboring the Good Life Column in Dana Point Times Non-structural BMP A monthly column entitled, Harboring the Good Life is written by City staff, in coordination with South Coast Water District, and focuses on water quality protection with a target audience of residents, businesses and visitors. April Present Dana Point / South Coast Water District now referred to as "Water Column" ongoing Enhanced trash cans with non-removable lids were installed at Baby Beach to prevent trash from falling out and limiting bird access to the garbage. 30 Enhanced Covered Trash Cans Structural BMP Jul-08 OC Dana Point Harbor N/A ongoing Annual Progress Report Appendix B - Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline B-9 November 15, 2013

47 # BMP/Project Name BMP Type Description/Summary Start Date / Status Lead Agency Assessment O&M Photo 31 Harboring the Good Life Tips in the City Calendar Non-structural BMP Each month s page contains one of twelve pollution prevention tips, including the importance of picking up after your pet and controlling irrigation runoff. The City calendar is popular and free and distributed throughout the City and Harbor Present Dana Point N/A ongoing 32 Additional "Do Not Feed the Bird" Signs Structural BMP Do Not Feed the Birds signs were first installed several years ago in 2005 (See BMP 26 above), but continuing issues with people feeding birds necessitated additional signs in County staff has been trained to enforce these requirements when appropriate OC Dana Point Harbor N/A ongoing 33 Public Sector Water Audit Non-structural BMP The Municipal Water District of Orange County in cooperation with Metropolitan Water District developed a grant program for local government agencies to receive a free indoor and outdoor water use efficiency audit which identifies areas for improvement, including preventing runoff from irrigation systems and operational equipment. The comprehensive audit results in a report of potential improvements that can be made, costs, projected water savings, etc. Audit recipients can use this report as a tool to phase in improvements. Much of the information provided during the audit of the City of Dana Point has been implemented. August/September 2008 OC Dana Point Harbor Inresponse to audit, the following actions were implemented: lowered soil levels in planters replaced spray irrigation with bubblers more frequent maintenance N/A 34 Flo-Guard Inlet Filters Structural BMP OC Dana Point Harbor installed Flo-Guard inlet filters in a number of catch basin inlets, including ones near Baby Beach. The inlet filters capture sediments, vegetation debris and trash and associated pollutants, such as bacteria and heavy metals. The inlet filters are inspected and debris is removed on a regular basis, reducing potential pollutants to Baby Beach Present OC Dana Point Harbor Inspections indicate that the filters are effective is removing debris from stormdrains ongoing OC Dana Point Harbor installed pet waste bag dispensers with educational signage on the requirement to pick up after pets. It is important to note that although dogs are allowed in the Harbor, they are not allowed on Baby Beach. The convenience of providing pet waste bags, with adequate trash containers reduces a potential source of bacteria to Baby Beach. 35 Pet Waste Bag Dispensers Structural BMP Present OC Dana Point Harbor N/A ongoing Annual Progress Report Appendix B - Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline B-10 November 15, 2013

48 # BMP/Project Name BMP Type Description/Summary Start Date / Status Lead Agency Assessment O&M Photo 36 Baby Beach Dredge/Sediment Investigation A source investigation conducted by the Orange County Health Care Agency in 2002 found elevated bacteria concentrations in Baby Beach sediment and that resuspension of these sediments was likely a contributing factor in elevated bacteria concentrations in beach water (See BMP 13). A study was devised by OC Public Works/OC Watersheds and the City of Dana Point to help identify what factors may be contributing to elevated bacteria concentrations in Baby Beach sediments and examine the effects of a 2008 harbor dredging on concentrations Orange County N/A N/A Baby Beach Dredge/Sediment Continued Investigation Study findings included: In contrast to earlier studies in 2002, no clear relationship was observed between bacteria concentrations in sediment and water. In addition, none of the water samples collected exceeded any of the single sample maximum standards. The results indicated that dredging in October 2008 did not decrease bacteria concentrations at Baby Beach and that mean concentrations of total coliforms and Enterococcus apparently increased in sediment after dredging at some sites. A positive relationship was observed between fecal coliform concentrations in water and dissolved oxygen. The significance of this relationship is unclear but could be indicative of a separate source for fecal coliforms as opposed to the other indicators. Sediment concentrations of Enterococcus were related to higher nutrient concentrations and higher percent total organic carbon, which are in turn, perhaps, related to higher percentage of fine sediment at sites Orange County N/A N/A 37 Acquisition of Self-Reclaiming Sidewalk Cleaning Machine and Other Washing Equipment Non-structural BMP The OC Dana Point Harbor purchased a self-reclaiming sidewalk machine to effectively clean sidewalks, as it was found that sweeping was not effective. Sidewalk cleaning, conducted on a regular basis reduces potential sources of pollutants to the harbor, including bacteria from bird droppings that may wash into Baby Beach. Two other bigger machines for wet washing activities were also purchased by OC Dana Point Harbor to clean trash enclosure areas and address other wet washing needs without causing runoff of washwater OC Dana Point Harbor N/A N/A Annual Progress Report Appendix B - Baby Beach BMP Implementation Timeline B-11 November 15, 2013