EU Perspectives on the (self-?)regulation of psychosocial risk management. Prof. Dr. Gerard Zwetsloot

Transcription

1 EU Perspectives on the (self-?)regulation of psychosocial risk management Prof. Dr. Gerard Zwetsloot

2 Overview Mental health and the impact on organisations The PRIMA-Excellence Framework Implicit strategies and parallel interests Overview of EU (policy) initiatives The Development of the PAS 1010 Guidance Rethinking psychosocial risks and health?!

3 Interactions between business and (mental) health Business has impact on the (mental) health of personnel and sometimes others (Mental) Health of the personnel impacts on the (health of the) business Both perspectives are important for strategic OHS management The second perspective is most important for managers!

4 Social dimensions of business excellence Health, well-being productivity Healthy organizations Healthy employees Source: Zwetsloot G.I.J.M. & A.S. van Scheppingen (2010), Implicit Strategies to Improve Work and Well-being: Proceedings of the International Work & Well-being Conference, pp 56 61, FIOH, Helsinki

5 The PRIMA-EF model( company level) Source: Leka S., T. Cox & G.I.J.M. Zwetsloot (2009), The European Framework for Psychosocial Risk Management (PRIMA-EF), Chapter 1, pp In: Leka S. & T. Cox (editors) The European Framework for Psychosocial Risk Management: PRIMA-EF, I-WHO Publications, Nottingham, ISBN

6 Implicit approaches are relevant! Mission, vision, and strategy Core values and organisational culture Reorganisations and restructuring Choices in technologies (incl. ICT), business partners, etc. Labour market policies Social dialogues

7 The implicit approaches to PRIMA

8 Overview of EU and international initiatives EC Guidance on Work-Related Stress (2000) EC Policy on Promoting CSR (2001, 2011); Link with attention for restructuring and health (2011) European Framework Agreement on Work-Related Stress (2004) European Framework Agreement on Harassment and Violence at Work (2006). EU policy for high quality jobs and for stimulating innovation (2011) EU-OSHA: ESENER study on New and Emerging Risks (2010) Various WHO and ILO initiatives Great variations in awareness and implementation throughout the EU

9 Characteristics of EU policy initiatives Gap between policy and practice There is monitoring, but evaluation is limited No systematic learning cycle (compare the PRIMA-EF Model) National implementation varies greatly Awareness, avaialble expertise and culture differences play a role Social dialogue is important but varies as well

10 PRIMA-Excellence Framework, Policy Level The macro level risk management policy process Outcomes POLICIES AFFECTING THE CHANGING WORLD OF WORK (economic, public health, labour market, trade policies, etc.) Innovation Economic Performance Risk & Health Monitoring Translation/ Policy Plans Intervention Programmes Quality of Work Public & Occupational Health Societal Learning Policy Evaluation Labour Market Impacts Source: Leka S., A. Jain, G. Zwetsloot and T. Cox (2010), Policy-level interventions and work-related psychosocial risk management in the European Union, Work & Stress, Vol 24, No 3, pp

11 The Development of PAS1010 BSI Guidance on psychosocial risk management Complementary to OHSAS Giving guidance, not for certification Developed with involvement of various European Stakeholders Building on the PRIMA-EF report and input from stakeholders

12 OHS Management Systems (OHSAS )

13 OHSAS compared to PAS 1010 OHSAS PAS 1010 For certification purposes Guidance not for certification Broadly accepted as international standard Based on TQM principles Stakeholders in international standardisation committee but unions not involved British standard with international ambitions Based on PRIMA-EF Research project Stakeholders involved include EU social partners

14 Are OHSAS and PRIMA compatible? (1) Psychosocial risk management and OSH management require a similar systematic process Psychosocial risk management too is to a large extend auditable Good PRIMA and OSH M are good business PRIMA and OSH M require management commitment and worker participation Etc.

15 Are OHSAS and PRIMA compatible? (2) OHSAS implicitly presupposes that: - all relevant hazards can be measured unambiguously - all OSH risks stem from hazards in the production process - OSH impacts of production can be managed through a process of planned management control Psychosocial risk management seems to require more complex processes.

16 Are OHSAS and PRIMA compatible? (3) Hohnen & Hasle [2011] argue that norms drive managers to focus on measured entities and to define the framework of activity as a set of procedures and measures that can be audited, reducing by that the accounting of work context, psychological aspects and professionalism of frontline operators. Audit systems to some extent transform that which they are supposed to audit, by creating or transforming the work environment into a distinctive type of procedures and technologies that can be internally and externally audited. [Hohnen & Hasle 2011, p. 1023] Hohnen P., Hasle P., Making work environment auditable A critical case study of certified occupational health and safety management systems in Denmark, Safety Science 49 (2011)

17 Rethinking psychosocial risks (!?) The positive psychology (engagement, flow, resilience, etc.): - What are the implications for psychosocial risk management? - Opportunities for more managerial and organisational versions? The definition of risk used in OSH is towards the negative, but generally risk can also be used for positive occurrences Challenges are more motivating than problems. How can we transform psychosocial risk management from a problem area into a challenge?

18 The WHO Definition of health reconsidered (1) Health as a resource Power Typical work Resource theory Economic society Physical health Muscle power Material handling Classical human resource Industrial society Mental health Brain power Information processing Intellectual capital Knowledge economy Social health Social and communicativ e power Networking, managing Social capital Network society Total health Man/human power Creating and developing Human and social capital Sustainable economy Source: Zwetsloot Gerard I.J.M. & A. van Scheppingen (2007), Towards a Strategic Business Case for Health Management, In: U. Johansson, G. Ahonen & R. Roslander (editors), Work Health and Management Control, pp , Thomson Fakta, Stockholm, (ISBN ).

19 The WHO Definition of health reconsidered (2) Some argue that the WHO definition of health as a state of complete wellbeing is no longer fit for purpose given the rise of chronic disease. The Dutch Health Council proposed a new definition: Health = the ability to adapt and self manage in the face of social, physical, and emotional challenges Source; Huber et al BMJ 2011;343:d4163

20 20 First CAVI meeting, 10 October 2012 Thank you for your attention Prof.dr. Gerard I.J.M. Zwetsloot, Senior Research Scientist TNO (NL) Honorary Professor, University of Nottingham (UK) Netherlands Foundation for Applied Scientific Research, TNO P. O. Box AS Hoofddorp Netherlands T F gerard.zwetsloot@tno.nl Website: