Development Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (Bennett) Dr. Martina Gaisch

Transcription

1 Development Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (Bennett) Dr. Martina Gaisch

2 DMIS Framework Model Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten From Bennett, M. J. (1993). Towards Ethnorelativism: A Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity 2

3 DMIS Model created by Dr. Milton Bennett (1986, 1993, 2004, 2013) Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten to explain Zweite how Ebene people experience cultural difference The DMIS > Dritte continuum Ebene extends from Ethnocentrism (the experience > of Fünfte one's Ebene own culture as central to reality) to Ethnorelativism (the experience of one's own and other cultures as relative to the given context) Bennett, M. (1986). A developmental approach to training for intercultural sensitivity. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 10, no.2: Bennett, M. (1993). Towards ethnorelativism: A developmental model of intercultural sensitivity. In M. Paige (Ed.), Education for the intercultural experience. Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press. Bennett, M. (2004). Becoming interculturally competent. In J. Wurzel (Ed.), Toward multiculturalism: A reader in multicultural education (2nd ed., pp ). Newton, MA: Intercultural Resource Bennett, M. (2013). Basic concepts of intercultural communication: Paradigms, principles, & practices. Boston: Intercultural Press. 3

4 Developmental Stages Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten Denial Zweite Ebene Defense Minimization Acceptance Adaptation Integration My cultural experience is the only one that is real and valid. There is little to no thought of others. Ethnocentric We are superior and they are inferior. Feeling of being threatened; Being highly critical. What is strange may be labeled as stupid. Other cultures are trivialized or romanticized. One tends to deny differences (colour-blind) and only seeks similarities. I accept but may not agree with other cultures. Generally, I am curious and respectful. Ethnorelative I see the world through different eyes and make intentional changes in my own behaviour and values I easily move in and out of different cultural worldviews. Cognitive, effective and behavioural competence 4

5 Stage 1 Denial All big cities are the same; lots of buildings, too many cars and McDonald s With my experience, I can be successful in any culture wthout any special effort. I never experience culture shock As long as we all speak the same language, there is no problem. (Bennett, 1993, p. 1) 5

6 Stage 2 Defense/Polarization I wish these people would just talk the way we do. When you go to other cultures, it makes you realize how much better the U.S. is. Boy, could we teach these pepole a lot of stuff. I wish I could give up my own cultural background and really be one of these people (Bennett, 1993, p. 3) 6

7 Stage 3 Minimization I have this intuitive sense of other people, matter what their culture. It s a small world after all. Technology is bringing cultural uniformity to the developed world. No matter what their culture, people are pretty much motivated by the same things. (Cushner, McClelland & Safford, 2012, p. 159) 7

8 Stage 4 Acceptance The more difference the better- more difference results in more creative ideas. I always try to study about a new culture before I go there or interact with the people. Our new student is from Mexico. Where can I learn about Mexican culture so I can be more effective in the classroom? (Cushner, McClelland & Safford, 2012, p. 160) 8

9 Stage 5 Adaptation To really help this student, I am going to change my approach. I interact with my male and female colleagues somewhat differently to account for differences in the way respect is communicated. I can maintain my values and also behave in culturally appropriate ways. (Cushner, McClelland & Safford, 2012, p. 164) 9

10 Stage 6 Integration Sometimes I don t feel like I fit anywhere. Everywhere is home, if you know enough about how things work there. I feel most comfortable when I m bridging differences between the cultures I know. (Cushner, McClelland & Safford, 2012, p. 165) 10

11 References Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten Bennett, M. J. (1993). A Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity. Retrieved from WISC Library: Bennett, M. J. (2011, March). Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity. Retrieved from AFS USA: Cushner, K., McClelland, A., & Safford, P. (2012). Human Diversity in Education. New York: McGraw Hill. 11