Structural. requirements for windscreens and. windows on railway vehicles

Transcription

1 To be superseded by GMRT2100 Iss 4 published on Railway 04/12/2010 Group Standard Structural requirements for windscreens and windows on railway vehicles Synopsis This document prescribes the loading cases and impact resistance requirements for windscreens and windows in driving vehicle cabs and for windows in vehicle bodysides, external doors and vehicle interiors. Signatures removed from electronic version Submitted by Karl Reilly Standards Project Manager Authorised by Brian Alston Controller, Railway Group Standards This document is the property of Railway Safety. It shall not be reproduced in whole or in part without the written permission of the Controller, Railway Group Standards, Railway Safety. Published by: Railway Safety Evergreen House 160 Euston Road London NW1 2DX Copyright 2002 Railway Safety

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3 Railway Group Standard Page 1 of 9 Contents Section Description Page Part A A1 Issue record 2 A2 Implementation of this document 2 A3 Scope of Railway Group Standards 2 A4 Responsibilities 2 A5 Health and safety responsibilities 3 A6 Technical content 3 A7 Supply 3 Part B B1 Purpose 4 B2 Application of this document 4 B3 Definitions 5 Part C C1 General design requirements 6 C2 Windscreens 6 C3 Bodyside windows 7 C4 Interior windows 8 References 9 RAILWAY SAFETY 1

4 Railway Group Standard Page 2 of 9 Uncontrolled When Printed A1 Issue record Part A Issue Date Comments One April 2000 Original Document Superseded GM/TT0122 Two April 2002 Supersedes issue one Standard amended to restrict non-intended use of passenger-opened drop light windows Amended or additional parts of revised pages have been marked by a vertical black line in the adjacent margin. This document will be updated when necessary by distribution of a complete replacement. A2 Implementation of this document The publication date of this document is 6 April This document comes into force on 1 June The dates by which compliance with the requirements of this document are to be achieved are set out in Part B2. Where those dates are later than the date on which this document comes into force, this is to give Railway Group members additional time to plan and commence implementation so as to achieve full compliance by the dates set out in Part B2. This document supersedes the following Railway Group Standards, either in whole or in part as indicated: Railway Group Standard Issue No. Title RGS sections superseded by this document Date(s) as of which sections are superseded A3 Scope of Railway Group Standards A4 Responsibilities 1 Structural requirements for windscreens and windows on railway vehicles All sections 1 June 2002 (Document withdrawn as of this date) The overall scope of Railway Group Standards is set out in Appendix A of GA/RT6001. The specific scope of this document is set out in Part B2. Railway Group Standards are mandatory on all members of the Railway Group* and apply to all relevant activities that fall into the scope of each individual s Railway Safety Case. If any of those activities are performed by a contractor, the contractor s obligation in respect of Railway Group Standards is determined by the terms of the contract between the respective parties. Where a contractor is a duty holder of a Railway Safety Case then Railway Group Standards apply directly to the activities described in the Safety Case. * The Railway Group comprises Railtrack PLC, Railway Safety, and the train and station operators who hold railway safety cases for operation on or related to infrastructure controlled by Railtrack PLC. Railtrack PLC is known as Railtrack. 2 RAILWAY SAFETY

5 Railway Group Standard Page 3 of 9 A5 Health and safety responsibilities A6 Technical content In issuing this document, Railway Safety makes no warranties, express or implied, that compliance with all or any documents published by Railway Safety is sufficient on its own to ensure safe systems of work or operation. Each user is reminded of its own responsibilities to ensure health and safety at work and its individual duties under health and safety legislation. The technical content of this document has been approved by: Haydn Peers, Principal Vehicles Engineer, Railway Safety Enquiries should be directed to Railway Safety Tel: A7 Supply Controlled and uncontrolled copies of this document may be obtained from the Industry Safety Liaison Dept, Railway Safety, Evergreen House, 160 Euston Road, London NW1 2DX. RAILWAY SAFETY 3

6 Railway Group Standard Page 4 of 9 Uncontrolled When Printed B1 Purpose B2 Application of this document Part B The purpose of this document is to mandate the structural requirements for windscreens and, with the aim of ensuring safety under normal operation and minimising risks to passengers and train crew in the event of vandalism, collision or derailment. B2.1 To whom the requirements apply This document contains requirements that are applicable to duty holders of the train operator category of Railway Safety Case. B2.2 Compliance requirements With the exception of rail vehicles used exclusively in possessions, the requirements of this document apply to all rail vehicles. With the exception of section C3.9 the vehicle design requirements mandated in this document are to be complied with by all vehicles of previously uncertificated designs with a Certificate of Conformance for Vehicle Design signed on or after 3 June In addition to this any future vehicles, built to the same design as a vehicle already having Engineering Acceptance, which enter service on Railtrack controlled infrastructure on or after 3 June 2005, shall comply with the design requirements. Compliance with paragraph C3.9 is required by 31 December 2005 for all applicable vehicles that are intended to remain in passenger use after 31 December All of the requirements of this document are within the scope of Vehicle Acceptance Body approval. After the compliance date, or after the date by which compliance is achieved (if earlier), Railway Group members shall not deviate from the requirements set out in this document. Where it is considered not practicable, or not reasonably practicable, to comply with the requirements set out in this document; authorisation not to comply shall be sought in accordance with GA/RT6001, GA/RT6004 or GA/RT6006. Where reference is made to BS857 in this document, it is acceptable to use other comparable national or international standards B2.3 Related requirements in other documents The documents listed below provide useful background material for use in conjunction with the requirements of this Standard. BR566 Specification for High Impact Resistant Windows. BR573 Specification for Double Glazed Window Units for Use on Rolling Stock. UIC Coaches Windows Made from Safety Glass. UIC 651 Layout of Drivers Cabs in Locomotives, Railcars, Multiple Unit Trains and Driving Trailers. B2.4 Supporting documents The following documents provide guidance in the application of Railway Group Standards and are of relevance to the requirements of this document. GM/RC2502 Code of Practice for Structural Aspects of Railway Vehicle Interiors. 4 RAILWAY SAFETY

7 Railway Group Standard Page 5 of 9 GM/GN2560 Guidance on Structural Requirements for Railway Vehicles B3 Definitions Bodyside Window Any window on the side of a vehicle, including cabside windows and windows in external doors. Interior Window Any window incorporated in an interior door, partition, or draught screen. Laminated Glass A sandwich construction comprising layers of glass and reinforcing material. Refurbishment A programme of interior/exterior work undertaken on a vehicle to enhance the level of design, performance or the materials used in its construction. Spalling A detachment of particles from the inner face of the windscreen or window. Windscreen A forward facing window. RAILWAY SAFETY 5

8 Railway Group Standard Page 6 of 9 Uncontrolled When Printed C1 General design requirements Part C Design requirements C1.1 The strengths of windscreen and window fixings shall be compatible with the strengths of windscreens and windows themselves. C1.2 The structural requirements shall apply for an outside ambient temperature range of 17 o C to +35 o C. C2 Windscreens C2.1 A windscreen shall have sufficient impact strength to resist penetration into the vehicle of a sharp-cornered hollow steel cube having sides of 70 mm to 75 mm and a mass of 0.9 kg and travelling corner first at right angles to the windscreen. The point of impact shall be anywhere on the windscreen. The speed of impact of the cube shall be related to the maximum design operating speed of the vehicle. The following four speed bands apply: Vehicle Design Speed Range (mph) Relative Impact Velocity of Cube (mph) C2.2 Any spalling from the inner face of the windscreen shall not injure drivers or other train crew at the relevant impact velocity detailed in C2.1. C2.3 A windscreen, when installed in a vehicle operating at speeds of up to and including 125 mph, shall withstand, without failure, a sustained pressure loading of 2.5 kpa in open-air conditions. This loading shall be applied from inside and outside the vehicle independently. Where the maximum operating speed of the vehicle is in excess of 125 mph the magnitude of the pressure loadings to be withstood by the windscreen, acting from inside or outside shall be determined. The capability to withstand the determined loadings shall be demonstrated by tests, calculations, or other appropriate means and the windscreen shall withstand such determined pressure loadings. C2.4 A windscreen, when installed in a vehicle, shall withstand without failure the transient pressure loadings caused by a train entering and passing through tunnels. These transient pressure loadings are affected by a train s speed, length and aerodynamic characteristics and also by the tunnel geometry. The magnitudes of such loadings are also dependent on the degree of pressure sealing of the vehicle and could be very much larger than the loading described in section C2.3. Significant pressure differentials can occur even in modern nominally unsealed vehicles. Determination of the maximum pressure loadings exerted on a windscreen in tunnels shall be undertaken. The capability to withstand the determined loading shall be demonstrated by tests, calculations, or other appropriate means. 6 RAILWAY SAFETY

9 Railway Group Standard Page 7 of 9 C3 Bodyside windows All bodyside windows shall satisfy the following requirements. C3.1 Bodyside windows shall provide the maximum possible containment of passengers and train crew in the event of an accident, except where a bodyside window is designated as an emergency egress. C3.2 All bodyside windows, except those designated for emergency egress, shall have at least one pane of laminated glass, or other material with similar structural properties, or better. A laminated glass bodyside window shall resist the penetration into the vehicle of a solid steel ball weighing 0.25 kg travelling at a speed of 62 mph. C3.3 All bodyside windows designated for emergency egress shall be of toughened glass or other transparent material of similar structural properties, or better. The requirements for toughened glass are contained in BS857. A toughened glass bodyside window shall resist the penetration of a solid steel ball weighing 0.25 kg travelling at a speed of 31 mph. C3.4 If a bodyside windowpane is damaged by impact any spalling from the inner surface shall not, as far as is practicable, be injurious to vehicle occupants. C3.5 If a bodyside windowpane is damaged by impact the risk of detachment from the outer surface of pieces, which could be injurious to people outside the vehicle, shall be minimised as far as is practicable. C3.6 The pane of a bodyside window and its frame and attachments shall remain in place, as far as is practicable, when damaged by impact or excessive loading. C3.7 Each bodyside window, when installed in a vehicle, shall withstand without failure the following separate pressure loading cases: a) A sustained pressure of 2.5 kpa from outside the vehicle in open air conditions. b) A sustained pressure of 6 kpa from inside the vehicle. c) A concentrated perpendicular load of 0.8 kn applied over an area of 0.1 m x 0.1 m anywhere on the surface. C3.8 A bodyside window, when installed in a vehicle, shall withstand without failure the transient pressure loadings caused by a train entering and passing through tunnels. The transient pressure loadings are affected by a train s speed, length and aerodynamic characteristics and also by the tunnel geometry. The magnitudes of such loadings are dependent on the degree of pressure sealing of the vehicle and could be very much larger than the loadings specified in section C3.7. Significant pressure differentials can occur even in modern nominally unsealed vehicles. Determination of the maximum pressure loadings exerted on a bodyside window in tunnels shall be undertaken. The capability to withstand the determined loading shall be demonstrated by tests, calculations, or other appropriate means. RAILWAY SAFETY 7

10 Railway Group Standard Page 8 of 9 Uncontrolled When Printed C3.9 Passenger door windows that are capable of being opened (drop lights) shall be locked and the passenger door shall be fitted with an interior door handle that is interlocked with the primary door lock such that it is prevented from being released other than when passengers are intended to board or alight the vehicle. Such passenger door windows shall be fitted with a manually operated mechanism that will permit train crew only to open the drop light. C4 Interior windows C4.1 All interior windows shall be of toughened glass, or other material of similar structural properties, or better. The requirements for toughened glass are contained in BS857. C4.2 An interior window and its supporting structure shall withstand without failure a pressure of 2.5 kpa applied over its entire surface plus a concentrated perpendicular load of 0.8 kn applied over an area of 0.1 m x 0.1 m anywhere on the surface. This combination of loads shall be applied to both sides of the window independently. C4.3 An interior window shall withstand without failure the application of a concentrated perpendicular load of 2.5 kn applied over an area of 0.1 m x 0.1 m anywhere on its surface. This load shall be applied to both sides of the window independently. The glazing shall remain intact and in position throughout the application and removal of the load. 8 RAILWAY SAFETY

11 Railway Group Standard Page 9 of 9 References GA/RT6001 GA/RT6004 GA/RT6006 Railway Group Standards Railway Group Standards Change Procedures Temporary Non-Compliance with Railway Group Standards Derogations from Railway Group Standards BS857 Other References Specification for Safety Glass for Land Transport Further Reference Material GM/GN2560 GM/RC2502 Railway Group Standards Guidance on Structural Requirements for Railway Vehicles Code of Practice for Structural Aspects of Railway Vehicle Interiors BR566 BR573 UIC UIC 651 Other References Specification for High Impact Resistant Windows Specification for Double Glazed Window Units for Use on Rolling Stock Coaches Windows Made from Safety Glass Layout of Drivers Cabs in Locomotives, Railcars, Multiple Unit Trains and Driving Trailers The Catalogue of Railway Group Standards and the Railway Group Standards CD-ROM give the current issue number and status of documents published by the Safety & Standards Directorate. RAILWAY SAFETY 9