Supporting Information

Transcription

1 Supporting Information Rough Structure of Electrodeposition as a Template for anultra- Robust Self-cleaning Surface Yongquan Qing a, Chuanbo Hu b, Chuanning Yang a, Kai An a, Fawei Tang c, Junyan Tan a and Changsheng Liu a, * a Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang , China. ccss1963@126.com; Fax: ; Tel: b School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang , China c College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Education Ministry of China, Beijing university of Technology, Beijing , China S-1

2 Figure S1. CA and Ra of the FAS-TiO 2 /Zn surfaces with different current densities. Figure S2. (a) XPS survey spectra of the FAS-TiO 2 /Zn surface and (b) corresponding weak signal of Si 2p. S-2

3 Figure S3. Schematic illustration of preparation of robust surface and mechanical stability tests. (a) Preparation of the substrate + rough structure + modified-nanoparticle/coating solution surface on copper substrate, which was first prepared as a rough structure and then dip-coated with the coating solution. (b) Finger wipe test: a finger was hard wiped across the surface to remove the coating from FAS-TiO 2 -treated and the FAS-TiO 2 /Zn-treated substrates. (c) Knife scratch test: a knife was used to scratch the FAS-TiO 2 -treated and the FAS-TiO 2 /Zn-treated substrates along the path of dashed lines. (d) Mechanical resistance evaluated by sand abrasion test (left), CA and SA of the FAS-TiO 2 /Zn surface with increasing sand abrasion time (right). (e) Sandpaper abrasion test: the FAS-TiO 2 /Zn-treated substrate was weighed and then placed face-down to the sandpaper, and moved for 10 cm along the ruler then the substrate was rotated 90 counterclockwise followed by moving 10 cm along the ruler again. This process is defined as one cycle of the sandpaper abrasion test, that is to say, the sample is longitudinally and transversely abraded in each cycle. S-3

4 Figure S4. Finger-wipe and knife-scratch tests on sample surface. (a and c) The FAS-TiO 2 coating solution directly coated on Cu substrate was easily removed after finger-wipe and knife-scratch, resulting in the loss of superhydrophobicity. Conversely, the FAS-TiO 2 /Zn surface retained superhydrophobicity after finger-wipe and knife-scratch tests (b and d). S-4

5 Figure S5. SEM micrographs of (a and b) FAS-TiO 2 /Zn surface after 50 th abrasion cycle with sandpaper at different magnifications and (c) corresponding cross sectional view. S-5

6 Figure S6. Schematic illustration of self-cleaning ability tests of the surfaces: (a) samples were placed in ink dyed water; (b) dirt was put onto the samples then water droplets were poured on the samples. The cleaning mechanism is defined as the roll-to-clean strategy for surface; (c) Surface after 50 th cycle abrasion with sandpaper was immersed in oil for some time and subsequently removed. Dirt was then put onto the sample and then water droplets were dropped onto the oilcontaminated surface. S-6

7 Figure S7. Self-cleaning tests of sample surface. (a and b) show the deposited-zn surface and FAS-TiO 2 /Zn surface immersed in red ink dyed water, respectively. The deposited-zn surface got dyed, while the FAS-TiO 2 /Zn surface did not get dyed due to its self-cleaning properties; (c and d) show the use of graphite and dust as dirt, placed onto the deposited-zn surface and FAS-TiO 2 /Zn surface, respectively. Water droplets were used to remove the dirt. The running water droplets did not wet the FAS-TiO 2 /Zn surface, whereas the deposited-zn surface was wetted and contaminated by the dirt. S-7

8 List of supporting videos Movie S1 The FAS-TiO 2 /Zn surface presents a water-repellent effect, water droplets are hardly deposited, and this surface immediately makes the water drops to roll off. Movie S2 Knife-scratch tests on the rough structure + FAS-TiO 2 -treated Cu substrates (FAS-TiO 2 /Zn surface). Movie S3 Sandpaper abrasion test: the superhydrophobic FAS-TiO 2 /Zn surface, weighing 100 g, was placed face-down to 400 grit SiC sandpaper. It was first moved for 10 cm along the ruler at a constant speed and then the sample face to the sandpaper was rotated 90 and moved for 10 cm along the ruler. This entire process is defined as one abrasion cycle. Movie S4 Self-cleaning tests of the superamphiphobic surface after 50 abrasion cycles with sandpaper and oil-contamination. S-8