NEOFLONTM Coating Powder

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1 Product Information EG-63h Daikin Industries Fluoroplastics NEOFLONTM Coating Powder Introduction NEOFLON Coating Powder is a high performance material made from fluoropolymer resin. Two kinds of NEOFLON Coating Powders, NEOFLON FEP, and PFA Coating Powder, are available. NEOFLON FEP Coating Powder is a fine powder made of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene copolymer and NEOFLON PFA Coating Powder is a fine powder made of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkylvinylether copolymer. NEOFLON FEP and PFA Coating Powder are low in melt viscosity and excellent in melt fluidity which can give a coating free of pinholes. NEOFLON FEP and PFA are ideal for use as corrosion resistant linings because of their excellent thermal and chemical resistance properties. TM: DAIKIN INDUSTRIES trademark for its Fluoroplastics

2 1. Features of NEOFLON Coating Powder 1-1 Processability 1) A thick coat can be obtained for lining purposes When the appropriate processing conditions are selected, a coating thickness can be obtained with NEOFLON Coating Powder. The advantages of this are reduced processing time, and a superior capability for use in heavy corrosion resistance application. See table 1 for the thickness which can be obtained: Table 1 For electrostatic coating For Roto moulding Film thickness per application (µm) Max. Film thickness by multiapplications (µm) Max. Film thickness per application (µm) FEP (NC) PFA (AC) 300 ~ Approx. 2,000 Approx. 1, ~ 5, ~ 5,000 2) A wide range of processing conditions is possible The temperature range for processing of NEOFLON Coating Powder is 320 ~ 360 C. This wide range greatly facilitates processing. 3) Processing methods are extremely simple The following general powdercoating methods are applicable. Electrostatic spray coating Spray coating Rotational molding Rotational lining 1-2 Coating film properties 1) Excellent resistance to stress cracking 2) Excellent resistance to chemicals 3) Excellent thermal resistance 4) Excellent anti-stick property 5) Excellent electric property, weather resistance and incombustibility. 2

3 2. Grades of NEOFLON Coating Powder NEOFLON Coating Powder are available in the following grades depending on processing method. Table 2 NEOFLON FEP Coating Powder Grades Product No. NC NC Appearance Feature Color Processing methods White powder High purity product Graynish Wide white powder processing window. clear black Spray coating. Electrostaticcoating Spray coating. Electrostaticcoating. Processable thickness 100 ~ 300 µm 100 ~ 2,000 µm High build type Application Topcoat for corrosionresistant lining Anti-stic coating Undercoat for corrosionresistant lining NC Graynish Excellent white powder corrosion resistance black Spray coating. Electrostaticcoating. 100 ~ 2,000 µm High build type Under and top coat for corrosionresistant lining NC White powder High purity product clear Roto moulding Roto lining. 500 ~ 5000 µm Container Corrosionresistant lining NCX-1 White powder Thin build type clear Electrostaticcoating. 30 ~ 80 µm For slight Corrosionresistant lining Table 3 NEOFLON PFA Coating Powder Grades Product Appearance Feature Color Processing Processable Application No. methods thickness ACX- White Thin build clear Electrostatic- 30 ~ IH Rice cooker, OA 31 powder type coating 80 µm rool. For slight corrosion-resist lining AC White powder * clear 100 ~ 300 µm AC AC Good leveling property Gray powder High build type White powder * High purity product black clear Spray coating Electrostaticcoating Spray 100 ~ coating 1,000 µm Electrostaticcoating Roto moulding Roto lining 500 ~ 5,000 µm Topcoat for corrosion- resistant lining and anti-stick coating Under, top coat for corrosion- resistant lining Container Corrosionresistant lining * AC-5600, 5820, are pure PFA PFA thin-coat types and ETFE Coating powder are also available. Please consult your dealer of DAIKIN INDUSTRIES. 2

4 3. NEOFLON Coating Powder Properties 3-1 Powder Properties Table 4 Powder Items Measuring method Unit NC NC AC (for spray) AC (for roto) Apparent JIS K6891 g/ml 0.55 ± ± ± ± 0.15 density Particle (Laser diffraction) µm 55 ± ± ± ± 50 size Melting point NC:ASTM D2116 AC:ASTM D3307 C ~ ~ Melt index NC:ASTM D2116 AC:ASTM D3307 g/10 min ~8 1 ~ 7 5 ~ 7 (1) NC-1500, 1519, 1539 (2) AC-5600, 5539 (3) AC Coating Properties Table 5 Coating Items Measuring method Unit NC (FEP) AC (PFA) Specific gravity ASTM D792 g/ml 2.12 ~ ~ 2.17 Hardness Durometer shore D55 ~ D65 D60 Taber abrasion (Against CS-17) mg/1000r 3 ~ 16 5 ~ 15 Coefficient (Bowden Leben 0.05 ~ ~ 0.08 friction (Static) method) Contact angle Water Hexadecane Goniometer (Degree) ~ Adhesive kn/m 4 ~ 6 4 ~ 6 strength * Tensile strength JIS K6888 MPa 26.5 ~ ~ 31.4 Elongation JIS K6888 % 310 ~ ~ 350 * method: Peel Test Test piece 1) steel substrate are roughened with 80 ~ 120 mesh sand 2) applied two coat primer EK-1083G,EK-1883GB 3) applied NEOFLON Coating Powder into 500 µm thickness. 3

5 3-3 Chemical resistance of coating 1) Adsorption of chemicals Figure 1 and Table 6 show the results of chemical adsorption when fluoropolymer coatings are immersed in chemicals for the condition indicated. Suitability of the coatings can be determined to a certain degree by the adsorption curves shown in Figure 1. As is shown in Table 6, the adsorption volume of NEOFLON is extremely low in comparison to other fluoropolymer coatings. Immersion conditions: 50 days at 95 C Chemicals: 98% sulfuric acid, 36% hydrochloric acid, 60% nitric acid, 50% sodium hydrooxide, 28% aqueous ammonia, toluene, diethylamine, chloroform, acetone Figure 1 Chemical Adsorption Curves Suitability A or below: Excellent A ~ B: Sufficient for use B ~ C: Applicable depending on conditions X, Y: Not applicable Table 6 Chemical Resistance Comparsion NEOFLON FEP and PFA NEOFLON ETFE NEOFLON VDF NEOFLON CTFE ECTFE A or below A ~ B B ~ C X, Y All chemicals Chloroform except chloroform Sulfuric acid, Ammonia Nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, chloride, acetone, chloroform sodium hydro toluene, oxide diethylamine Hydrochloric acid Chloroform All chemicals except the ones described on the left All chemicals Toluene Chloroform except toluene and chloroform Sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydro oxide Acetone, toluene, diethylamine Nitric acid, aqueos ammonia, chloroform 4

6 2) NEOFLON Coating Chemical Resistance The chemical resistant properties of NEOFLON Coating are listed below: Table 7 Chemical NC-1519 NC-1539 AC-5539 *1 Sulfuric acid (98%) Excel Excel Excel Hydrochloric acid (36%) Good Excel Excel Nitric acid (60%) Good Excel or Good Excel Hydrofluoric acid (40%) Excel Excel Excel Chlorosulfonic acid Excel Excel Excel Chromic acid (40%) Excel Excel Excel Perchloric acid Excel Excel Excel Formic acid Excel Excel Excel Citric acid (40%) Excel Excel Excel Glacial acetic acid Excel Excel Excel Trichloroacetic acid Excel Excel Excel Chlorine water Poor Good Excel Soda hypochlorite Excel Excel Excel Potassium permanganate (20%) Excel Excel Excel Aluminum chloride (25%) Excel Excel Excel Ammonia chloride (25%) Excel Excel Excel Aqueous ammonia (28%) Excel Excel Excel Sodium hydro oxide (50%) Excel Excel Excel Benzene Excel Excel Excel Toluene Excel Excel Excel n-butylamine Excel Excel Excel Diethylamine Excel Excel Excel Morpholine Excel Excel Excel Chloroform Good Good Good Trichloroethylene Good Good Good Acetone Excel Excel Excel Methyl ethyl ketone Excel Excel Excel Ethyl acetate Excel Excel Excel Ethyl cellosolve Excel Excel Excel Ethyl carbitol Excel Excel Excel Ethylene dichloride Excel Excel Excel Ethylene oxide Excel Excel Excel Ethyl alcohol Excel Excel Excel n-hexane Excel Excel Excel After 50 days at 95 C (Film thickness: 1 mm) Explanation of symbols Excel: Not affected at all Good: Affected more or less, but suitable Fair: Care should be needed, but suitable Poor: Unsuitable *1: NC-1539 and AC-5539 are used for middle layer NC-1500 is overlaid on NC and AC-5600 is overlaid AC-5539 in 200 ~ 300 µm thickness. Running temperature or Testing temperature: In case of NC family in acids and alkalis, it is under 150 C, and in case of AC family, it is normally under 180 C, but it will be lowered by containing organic solvents. Regarding using temperature, it is recommended to test actually by use of test pieces and chemicals. 5

7 4. Processing of NEOFLON Coating Powder 4-1 Coating NEOFLON Coating Powder can be apply by spraying, electrostatic, fluidized bed, Roto molding methods, etc. 1) Processing steps of NEOFLON Coating Powder (For spraying) Base material Machine corners to a radius of 5 to 10 mm and eliminate pin holes from the welded part. Degrease and baking Remove oil and grease from the surface of a base material. Roughening surface Roughening the surface of a base material by sand blasting or grid shot. Under-coating with under-coating paint First layer: EK-1083GB (needed only for steel and stainless steel materials) Second layer: EK-1883GB Drying First layer: 80 ~ 90 C 10 min. or more Second layer: 80 ~ 90 C 10 min. or more Sintering First layer: 380 C 10 min. Second layer: 380 C 30 min. Cooling Under 40 C (Coating condition for EK-1883GB) NEOFLON Coating Powder (repeat coating) Electrostatic coating Sintering Cooling Water cooled, air cooled, or furnace cooling is possible. Product 6

Table 8 Appropriate Sintering Conditions for Each Grade Middle sintering 340 ~ 350 C 15 ~ 30 min Final sintering 320 ~ 340 C 1 ~ 3 h Applicable grade NC-1500 AC-5600 Clear type : 50 ~ 100

8 Table 8 Appropriate Sintering Conditions for Each Grade Middle sintering 340 ~ 350 C 15 ~ 30 min Final sintering 320 ~ 340 C 1 ~ 3 h Applicable grade NC-1500 AC-5600 Clear type : 50 ~ 100 µm/time Stabilizer contained : 100 ~ 300 µm/time 340 ~ 360 C 15 ~ 30 min 320 ~ 350 C 1 ~ 3 h NC ~ 360 C 15 ~ 30 min 320 ~ 360 C 1 ~ 3 h NC-1519 AC-5539 Electrostatic coating equipment 7

under-coating paint instead of release agent.

9 2) Processing step of NEOFLON Coating Powder (For Roto molding) Metal mould Washing and grinding Applying mold release agent In case of lining, apply under-coating paint instead of release agent. Charging NEOFLON PFA Coating Powder, AC-5820 Revolving metal mold Sintering AC-5820, 320 ~ 350 C 30 ~ 120 min Cooling Product 8

10 4-2 Coating examples 1) Electrostatic coating The higher the applied voltage the stronger the bonding force of powder coating to the base material becomes, however electrostatic repulsion occurs easily. It is, therefore, not advisable to increace the applied voltage. A voltage of 20 to 50 kv is recommended for electrostatic coating of NEOFLON Coating Powder. The surface temperature of the base material greatly affects the coating. If the surface temperature for FEP is lower than 200 C and for PFA is lower than 250 C, the volume resistivity increases and an electric charge is accumulated, with the result that the powder will not easily adhere, due to electrostatic repulsion. This means that the coating cannot be thickened. Note that electrostatic repulsion may cause pin holes and foaming. The cooling speed of the preheated base material differs with the heat volume of the base material (thickness of the base material if it is made of the same material) and the surface area. And the processing time can be obtained approximated by the following formula. Formula c γ v ( t1 t2 ) t1 τ = K Ln F t2 Where; τ = Processing time(minutes) k = Proportional constant t 1 = Initial temperature of base material c = Specific heat J/kg deg v = Volume of base material m 3 t 2 = Coating temperature limit γ = Specific gravity kg/m 3 F = Total surface area m 2 (including pipe internal surface) For steel v t τ = F Figure 2 ( 1 t 2 ) t Ln t 1 2 9

11 2) Fluidized bed coating A preheated base material is immersed in the powder fluidized bed so the powder will melt and adhere to the base material, and then sintered intermediately. The desired film thickness can be obtained by repeating this process. Thickness uniformity is obtained during the final sintering. The coating thickness is greatly affected by the heat volume of the base material. Coating thickness and number of immersions Processing conditions Article preheating: 30 min at 380 C Immersion time: 1 min./dip Intermediate sintering: 15 min. at 360 C Final sintering: 120 min. at 350 C 3) Other coating methods Apipes internal surface can be coated by Roto lining method. For each processing method, the process from coating to sintering is performed in the general processing sequence. 4) Repair Defective parts of the coated film can be repaired by a hot-air generator for welding resins (capable of heating to higher than 350 C) to melt the film or weld it by using a welding rod of NEOFLON FEP or PEA. Wider defective parts can also be repaired by NEOFLON Film.Note, the strength of repaired parts is, in general, lowered. For a black welding rod is needed spray NEOFLON NC-1539 (FEP) or AC-5539 (PFA) coating powder on an aluminium plate to a thickness of 1 ~ 2mm thick and sinter it for an hour at 350 C ~ 360 C to make a film which is to be cut into small pieces to make welding rods. If the film cannot be easily separated from the aluminium plate, dip it in hot water for 1 ~ 2 hours or leave it for 2 ~ 3 days, after which it can be easily peeled off. While welding, check to be sure that there is no water. 10

12 5. Coating test (Pin hole test) Check coating for pin holes with a high direct current voltage (described in JIS K6766). The test is performed with break-down voltage of resins (19kV/100m) and with normal voltage from 5kV to 7kV. 6. Applications Examples of the main uses of NEOFLON Coating Powder are listed below. Applied fields Application examples Utilized features Chemical industries Electrochemistry Pumps, Valves, Tower tanks, Piping and its related parts, Sealing and its related parts, Heat exchangers Electric coating and its related parts (Jigs and tanks) Metal plating and its related parts (Jigs and tanks) Electrolytic cells High corrosion resistance, High corrosion resistance, High corrosion resistance and Heat resistance, High corrosion resistance, High corrosion resistance, Antistick property, Heat resistance High corrosion resistance, Anti-stick property, Anti-stick property High corrosion resistance Others Metal molds Anti-stick property 11

7. Application examples 7-1 Chemical industries Photo-1 Photo-1:

the material is SS-41 and wall thickness is 60mm, a large perforated

Photo-2 Photo-2: NEOFLON FEP powder lining 1mm thick Nothing abnormal

Running conditions Chemicals: HF 60%, H2SO4 30%, H2O 10%, and CaSO4

13 7. Application examples 7-1 Chemical industries Photo-1 Photo-1: Without lining, after one month In case of this plant without lining, the material is SS-41 and wall thickness is 60mm, a large perforated pitting corrosion was observed. Photo-2 Photo-2: NEOFLON FEP powder lining 1mm thick Nothing abnormal is found after one year. Running conditions Chemicals: HF 60%, H2SO4 30%, H2O 10%, and CaSO4 Slurries Temperature: 150 C Photo-3 Photo-4 Photo-5 Photo-3: Pump shaft before use Material SUS without lining Photo-4: The same pump shaft after three month use...corrosion and wear can be observed. Photo-5: The same shaft with NEOFLON FEP powder lining after one year use...no change is observed. 12

Photo-6 Running conditions Chemicals: HF 60%, H 2 SO 4 30%, 10% and CaSO 4 Slurries Temperature: 100 C Parts of diaphragm pumps (NEOFLON FEP powder lining) Use: Corrosion resistance (Products related

14 Photo-6 Running conditions Chemicals: HF 60%, H 2 SO 4 30%, 10% and CaSO 4 Slurries Temperature: 100 C Parts of diaphragm pumps (NEOFLON FEP powder lining) Use: Corrosion resistance (Products related food) Running conditions: Liquid chemical: Citric acid 85% Temperature: 95 C Comparison with SUS 316 NEOFLON FEP coating powder lining No change after 2 years operation SUS316 Holes opened due to corrosion and erosion after 3 months Note: *NEOFLON FEP lining films conform to Ministry of Health and Welfare Notice 434. (in Japan) 13

Screw feeder and its accessories Use: Corrosion resistance and anti-stick property Running conditions: Chemicals:

(NEOFLON FEP powder lining) Use: Corrosion resistance, anti-stick property Used not only for corrosion resistance

heating, suction temperature 130 C) Comparison example: NEOFLON FEP powder lining Nothing abnormal is observed

15 Screw feeder and its accessories Use: Corrosion resistance and anti-stick property Running conditions: Chemicals: NaH 2 PO 4, CH 3 COOH, H 2 O Slurries Temzperature: 20 ~ 30 C Photo-7 Photo-8 Heat exchanger (Plate heater) (NEOFLON FEP powder lining) Use: Corrosion resistance, anti-stick property Used not only for corrosion resistance but also for easy removal of scale Running conditions: Liquid chemical: Strong alkali Temperature: 100 C (Steam heating, suction temperature 130 C) Comparison example: NEOFLON FEP powder lining Nothing abnormal is observed after three year use. NEOFLON PCTFE paint lining Small cracks took place in many places after three month use Photo-9 14

7-2 Electrochemistry Racks for plating Use: Corrosion resistance; Antiweatherability was observed against any types of

Compared with PVC, chemical liquid to be brought out is negligible because of its excellent water repellency.

NaOH HNO 3 KCN 3 ZnO Treating temperature ( C) 30 80 ~ 90 30 80 ~ 90 Photo-10 Electroless plating Use: Prevention of

16 7-2 Electrochemistry Racks for plating Use: Corrosion resistance; Antiweatherability was observed against any types of metal plating liquids. Consequently, there is no need to change racks depending on treating order. Compared with PVC, chemical liquid to be brought out is negligible because of its excellent water repellency. Using examples: Photo-10 Photo-11 Kinds of metal plating Zn plating Ag plating Chemical liquid NaCN AgCN NaOH HNO NaOH NaOH HNO 3 KCN 3 ZnO Treating temperature ( C) ~ ~ 90 Photo-10 Electroless plating Use: Prevention of anchoring and corrosion resistance of the nickel precipitate on the wall face. Running condition: Bath temperature: 80 C ~ 90 C Photo-11 Photo-12 15

7-3 Others Processing method for rollers Processing method NEOFLON powder lining NEOFLON thermal contraction tubes Accuracy *1 2/100 mm 10/100 mm Anti-crack property *2 Excellent Good Skiding between

17 7-3 Others Processing method for rollers Processing method NEOFLON powder lining NEOFLON thermal contraction tubes Accuracy *1 2/100 mm 10/100 mm Anti-crack property *2 Excellent Good Skiding between roll and None Exist lining film in high temp. Corrosion resistance Roller surface *3 Roller side Excellent Excellent Excellent Faulty Adhesion *2 Excellent None Processability Improcessable on the site Processable on the site *1: Powder lining products can be finished by griding. *2: In order to promote adhesion of powder lining to the roller, provide primer coat. *3: Powder lining can cover the sides and the shaft, but thermal contraction tube cannot. 16

18 8. Cautions on handling Fluoroplastics Although Fluoroplastics present no hazard under normal processing conditions, these safe handling points should be followed: 9. Packaging unit NC Series 10kg AC Series 10kg WARNING: VAPORS HARMFUL IF INHALED. The work area should be adequately ventilated at all times because HF, COF2 begin to be produced above the respective approximate temperature: (PTFE PFA=260 C, FEP=205 C). The volume of vapors increases above the respective approximate temperature: (PTFE PFA=380 C, FEP=360 C). If a fluoroplastic is incinerated, the acidic gases must be removed by alkaline scrubbing techniques. Personnel should be cautioned against inhaling the fumes liberated during processing and provided with suitable protective equipment. Do not smoke in the work areas as harmful vapors and gases can be produced if a Fluoroplastic becomes transferred onto tobacco. Avoid breathing dust and contact with eyes. Wash hands and face after handling. Waste generated during processing should be treated by waste treatment specialists and disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local waste disposal regulations. 17

19 DAIKIN INDUSTRIES,LTD. and DAIKIN AMERICA.INC. have obtained the ISO 14001(*1) certification which is an International Standard concerning the environmental management system. DAIKINconcerning the environmental management system. DAIKIN INDUSTRIES,LTD has obtained the ISO 9001(*2) and DAIKIN AMERICA.INC has obtained the ISO 9002 (*3). *1. ISO is a standard established by the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) which applies to environmental preservation activities. Activities, products and services of our fluorochemicals plant have been certified as being environmentally sound by an internationally recognized certification body. *2. ISO is a certification system for quality control established by the ISO which certifies our quality control system concerning our products. *3. ISO is a plant certification system for quality control established by the ISO which certifies our quality control system concerning manufacture and inspection of the products manufactured at our plant (division). IMPORTANT NOTICE: The information contained herein is based on technical data and tests we believe to be reliable and is intended for use by persons having technical knowledge and skill, solely at their own discretion and risk. Since conditions of use are outside of our control, we assume no responsibility for results obtained or damages incurred through application of the data given; and the publication of the information herein shall not be understood as permission or recommendation for the use of our fluorocarbon compounds in violation of any patent or otherwise. We only warrant that the product conforms to description and specification, and our only obligation shall be to replace goods shown to be defective or refund the original purchase price thereof. MEDICAL USE: This product is not specifically designed or manufactured for use in implantable medical and/or dental devices. We have not tested it for such application and will only sell it for such use pursuant to contract containing specific terms and conditions required by us. DAIKIN INDUSTRIES, LTD. Umeda Center Bldg., , Nakazaki-Nisi, Kitaku, Osaka , Japan. Phone: Facsimile: DAIKIN AMERICA, INC. 20 Olympic Drive Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA, Phone: Tool-Free: Facsimile: URL: DAIKIN CHEMICAL EUROPE GmbH Immermannstr. 65D Dusseldorf, Germany Phone: Facsimile: Jan EG-63h AK

NEOFLON TM PFA Coating Powder

Product Information Coating NEOFLON TM PFA Coating Powder NEOFLON PFA coating is fine particles of copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkylvinylether. Since NEOFLON PFA has lower melt viscosity