Impact properties of thermoplastic high performance woven composites with Poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN) matrix

Transcription

1 Impact properties of thermoplastic high performance woven composites with Poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN) matrix Davi S. de Vasconcellos1*, Luigi Sorrentino1,2, Marco d'auria1, Fabrizio Sarasini3, Salvatore Iannace1,2 Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials National Research Council, Naples, Italy 2 IMAST Technological District, Naples, Italy 3 Department of Chemical Engineering Materials Environment Sapienza University, Rome, Italy 1

2 Outline Context: High performance thermoplastics Materials Composite manufacturing: Film stacking Physical and mechanical properties Impact properties Concluding remarks

3 Context High performance Thermoplastics Higher productivity (automation) Potential infinite shelf life for raw materials Increased impact resistance and damage tolerance Improved chemical and environmental resistance Re-shape, direct bonding Higher maximum service temperature

4 What's PEN? POLY(ETHYLENE 2,6-NAPHTHALATE) Tg of 120 C, Tm of 265 C Flexural strength: 93±2 Mpa Flexural modulus: 2.3±0.8 GPa (Amorphous state) low moisture absorption withstand to a wide range of solvents. Currently, most applications of PEN are in the production of flexible electronic devices, such as flexible displays and photovoltaic cells large scale manufacturing processes due to the combination of properties such as ease of production process, good mechanical behavior and reasonably high resistance to oxygen and water vapor penetration

5 Tested reinforcements Fiber Carbon 3K Density [g/cm3] Modulus [GPa] Max temperature Fabric supplier Fabric weight Weave ±5 > 500 C SAATI, Italy 160 g/m2 Plain 220 g/m2 Plain Basalt ±2 > 500 C BasaltexFlocart, Belgium Aramid (Twaron 2200) ± C G.Angeloni, Italy 224 g/m2 Plain Vectran HT ±7 330 C G.Angeloni, Italy 201 g/m2 2x2 Twill

6 Composite manufacturing Film stacking technique: Basalt fibres PEN matrix Composite mold Hot compression: 300 C, 2.5 bar, + fast cooling Total processing time: ~15 min Good impregnation (Voids < 2%) Good matrix/fibre interface

7 Composite plates produced Physical properties: Fiber volume ratio Number of plies Density [g/cm3] Thickness [mm] PEN/Carbon8L 40±1% ± ±0.04 PEN/Basalt8L 39±2% ± ±0.05 PEN/Aramid8L 41±1% ± ±0.09 PEN/Vectran8L 40±1% ± ± ±1% ± ±0.08 PEN/Basalt14L 40±1% ± ±0.05 Composite plate 800 Mechanical properties: PEN/Basalt PEN/Aramid 3-point bending 600 EB [GPa] σy [MPa] εy [%] PEN/Carbon 38.8± ±53 2.0±0.1 PEN/Basalt 19.8± ±41 2.7±0.6 PEN/Aramid 17.2± ±24 2.9±0.4 PEN/Vectran 11.4±0.4 > 190 > 5.0 Composite plate PEN/Carbon 700 PEN/Vectran % 1% 2% 3% strain 4% 5% 6%

8 Drop-weight impact tests Testing parameters: hemispherical dart: specimens: circular clamps: impact energies: impactor mass: impact velocity: 12.7 mm 60 x 60 mm 40 mm inner diameter 1.1J to 60J 4.93 Kg (1.93 Kg for 1.1 to 3J) 1.06 m/s to 4.92 m/s Results: 50 PEN/Carbon8L PEN/Basalt8L PEN/Basalt14L PEN/Aramid8L PEN/Vectran8L Composite plate Thickness [mm] Perforation energy [J] 30 PEN/Carbon8L 1.73± ± PEN/Basalt8L 1.59± ± PEN/Aramid8L 2.85± ± PEN/Vectran 8L 2.70± ± ± ±0.2 PEN/Basalt14L 2.72± ±0.2 Uabs [J] Uimp [J] 50 60

9 Drop-weight impact tests PEN/Carbon8L PEN/Basalt8L PEN/Basalt14L PEN/Aramid8L PEN/Vectran8L Peak load [N] Uimp/Uperf 2 2.5

10 Drop-weight impact damage 10% Uperf PEN/Carbon8L 50% Uperf 10% Uperf 50% Uperf Back face Front face Back face PEN/Carbon8L Front face 1 cm

11 Drop-weight impact damage 10% Uperf PEN/Basalt8L 50% Uperf 10% Uperf PEN/Basalt14L 50% Uperf Back face Front face Back face PEN/Basalt8L 1 cm PEN/Basalt14L Front face

12 Drop-weight impact damage Back face 10% Uperf 1 cm 50% Uperf PEN/Basalt12L PEN/Aramid12L PEN/Vectran 12L

13 Drop-weight impact tests 50 PEN/Carbon8L PEN/Basalt8L PEN/Basalt14L PEN/Aramid8L PEN/Vectran8L Uperf [J] CFRP fit GRP fit α U perf = K (t V f Dt ) t x Vf x Dt [mm2] G. Caprino and V. Lopresto, On the penetration energy for fibre-reinforced plastics under low-velocity impact conditions, Composites Science and Technology,61, 2001,

14 Drop-weight impact tests 60 Basalt/epoxy Carbon/PPS Carbon/PEEK Uperf [J] 40 PEN/Carbon8L PEN/Basalt8L PEN/Basalt14L PEN/Aramid8L PEN/Vectran8L 20 CFRP fit GRP fit α U perf = K (t V f D t ) t x Vf x Dt [mm2] G. Caprino and V. Lopresto, On the penetration energy for fibre-reinforced plastics under low-velocity impact conditions, Composites Science and Technology,61, 2001,

15 Summary Thermoplastic composites based on PEN and high performance woven fabrics with a fiber volume content of around 40% were successfully prepared by using the film-stacking technique The impact resistance of composites was dependent on the fiber type. Basalt fiber fabrics imparted the highest impact resistance among the tested reinforcement, followed by aramidic fibres The analysis of data from static and impact characterizations indirectly evidenced a very good interface strength between PEN and all tested fibers

16 Acknowledgements GRANT Project TECOP Project number PON02_00029_ From Ministero dell Istruzione, dell Università e della Ricerca Thank you for your attention!